Q.

1 Using the Ship Weather Code, 1982, please code the following weather observations: Wind : 080°(T) , Speed 9 Knots estimated 0 sn Sign of air temperature = positive or zero BBXX ATGV 04123 99502 70303 41492 0 Ss Sea surface temp. positive or zero
143 TTT Air temperature = 14.3 deg centigrade 070 TWTWTW Sea surface temp. 07.0 deg centigrade
Code the following weather report, using the Ship’s Weather Code 1982. Weather : Cloudless , No significant Phenomenon 068 TdTdTd Dew point temperature = 06.8 deg centigrade 10 PWPW Period of sea wave = 10 seconds
Visibility : 8.8 Nautical Miles 0203 PPPP Surface atmospheric pressure = 1020.3 mb 10 HWHW Height of sea = 5 metres
Call Sign: ATVQ, Position: 03o 15’S, 015o 13’W steered a course of 090o(T) at 16 knots True direction, in tens of degrees, from which primary swell
Barometric Pressure : 1020.3 mb 1 a Barometric tendency: increasing, then increasing slowly
Nddff 1snTTT 2snTdTdTd 4PPPP 5appp 7wwW1W2 18 dW1dW1
waves are coming = 175°-184°
during last 3 hours. Estimated wind South-Westerly at 10 knots. net pressure change during the three hour period = increased by 0.4
Barometric Tendency : Increasing then increasing slowly. Changed 0.4mb in last 3 004 ppp
deg centigrade // dW2dW2 only one swell system is observed
On 16th May GMT 13h, 40m, the barometric pressure was 998 mb, Barometric tendency Hours Air Temperature : + 14.3° C 00 ww Present wx: cloudless, no significant phenomenon 80942 10075 20072 49952 57021 76265 16 PW1PW1 Period of primary swell system = 16 seconds
0 W1 Past wx: Cloud cover half or less throughout 08 HW1HW1 Height of primary swell system = 4m
4 mb, Barograph trace steadily falling, visibility 16km. Temperature dry=32.5 o C, Dew Point Temperature: +6.8°C 0 W2 Cloud cover half or less throughout
Wet=29.5o C, Clouds: 6/8 of the sky. Low clouds Sc 4/8 of the sky; Ac in Chaotic Sea Temperature : +13.0° C 0 Nh
Nh is the amount of all the CL cloud present or, if no CL cloud is
present, the amount of all the CM cloud present = 0 eights
Sky Ci in the form of Filaments as hooks. Present and past weather were not of Sea Waves : Period 4 Seconds ; Height 0.8 meter 0 CL Low cloud type: Nil 8NhCLCMCH 222Dsvs 0ssTwTwTw 2PwPwHwHw 3dw1dw1dw2dw2 4Pw1Pw1Hw1Hw1 Q.1 Q. 1. Decode the following Weather report:
significance. Swell : Direction : 130° (T) ; Period : 6 Seconds, Height : 1.5 Meters 0 CM Medium cloud type: Nil
0 CH High cloud type: Nil 8802/ 22263 00070 21010 318// 41608 BBXX ATUX 14183 99234 70205 41498
true ship’s course made good during the three hours preceeding
4 Ds
the time of observation = south’ly (180 deg) 63034 10186 20152 49998 52012 75085
BBXX D.....D YYGGiw 99LaLaLa QcLoLoLoLo iRixhVV Ship’s average speed made good during the three hours
BBXX D.....D YYGGiw 99LaLaLa QcLoLoLoLo iRixhVV 9 Vs
preceeding the time of observation = 6 to 10 knots
0 Ss Sea surface temp. positive or zero
86602 22264 00170 21206 330// 41208
BBXX ATVQ 16153 99032 50152 41797 BBXX ATVH 04183 99527 70205 41997 130 TWTWTW Sea surface temp. 13.0 deg centigrade
06 PWPW Period of sea wave = 06 seconds
02 HWHW Height of sea = 0.8 metres
True direction, in tens of degrees, from which primary swell BBXX BBXX ship report follows
13 dW1dW1 BBXX BBXX ship report follows
waves are coming = 125°-134°
Nddff 1snTTT 2snTdTdTd 4PPPP 5appp 7wwW1W2 Nddff 1snTTT 2snTdTdTd 4PPPP 5appp 7wwW1W2 // dW2dW2 only one swell system is observed ATGV D ..... D Vessel’s call sign: ATGV ATUX D ..... D Vessel’s call sign: ATUX
04 YY 4th day of the month (UTC) 14 YY 14th day of the month (UTC)
06 PW1PW1 Period of primary swell system = 06 seconds
62310 10325 20285 49980 57040 70022 00809 10143 20068 40203 51004 70000 03 HW1HW1 Height of primary swell system = 1.5m 12 GG Time of obs in UTC: 1220Z 18 GG Time of obs in UTC: 1800Z
3 iw Wind speed estimated in knots 3 iw Wind speed estimated in knots
502 LaLaLa 50.2N latitude 234 LaLaLa 23.4N latitude
7 Qc NW quadrant 7 Qc NW quadrant
222Dsvs 0ssTwTwTw 2PwPwHwHw 3dw1dw1dw2dw2 4Pw1Pw1Hw1Hw1 8NhCLCMCH 222Dsvs 0ssTwTwTw 2PwPwHwHw 3dw1dw1dw2dw2 4Pw1Pw1Hw1Hw1 Q. 1. Code the following weather observations taken on a vessel at 1750 IST on 4 th 0303 LoLoLoLo 030.3W longitude 0205 LoLoLoLo 20.5W longitude
8NhCLCMCH
January when the vessel was at 50°12’N, 030°17’W
4 iR precipitation group is omitted 4 iR precipitation group is omitted
84591 22224 80000 22249 00130 20602 313// 40603 1 ix present and past weather data group 7wwW1W2 is included
Ship’s Call sign : ATGV, 1 ix present and past weather data group 7wwW1W2 is included
4 h Height of the base of lowest cloud: 300m 4 h Base of lowest cloud : 300 to 600m
Wind speed estimated at 42 Knots. 92 VV Visibility is 220 but less than 550 yards 98 VV Visibility is 11 but less than 27 nm
The height of the base of the lowest cloud is 300 meters. 8 N The total fraction of the sky covered by clouds of all types = 8 eigths 6 N The total fraction of the sky covered by clouds of all types = 6 eigths
True direction, in tens of degrees, from which wind is blowing = 085°- True direction, in tens of degrees, from which wind is blowing = 295°-
Horizontal Visibility is 0.21 Nautical Miles 09 dd
094°
30 dd
304°
The sky is fully covered by clouds. The sky is fully covered by clouds. 42 ff
True wind speed, measured or estimated as indicated by iw = 42 34 ff
True wind speed, measured or estimated as indicated by iw = 34
knots knots
The wind is blowing from 090° (T). 0 sn Sign of air temperature = positive or zero 0 sn Sign of air temperature = positive or zero
BBXX BBXX ship report follows Air temperature is +7.5°C, Dew Point Temperature is +7.2°C Barometric Pressure is 075 TTT Air temperature = 07.5 deg centigrade 186 TTT Air temperature = 18.6 deg centigrade
ATVH D ..... D Vessel’s call sign: ATVH 072 TdTdTd Dew point temperature = 07.2 deg centigrade 152 TdTdTd Dew point temperature = 15.2 deg centigrade
995.2 hPa. The Barometer has fallen steadily in the last 3 hour decreasing by 2.1 9998 PPPP Surface atmospheric pressure = 999.8 mb
04 YY 4th day of the month (UTC) 9952 PPPP Surface atmospheric pressure = 995.2 mb
18 GG Time of obs in UTC: 1800Z hPa. There is intermittent moderate rain (not freezing) at the time 7 a Barometric tendency: decreasing steadily or unsteadily 2 a Barometric tendency: increasing, steadily/unsteadily
3 iw Wind speed estimated in knots of observation, vessel experienced drizzle and rain since 1150 IST. 021 ppp
net pressure change during the three hour period = fallen by 2.1 deg 012 ppp
net pressure change during the three hour period = increased by 1.2
527 LaLaLa 52.7N latitude centigrade deg centigrade
7 Qc NW quadrant
A layer of Nimbostratus Clouds covers the sky. The ship’s course is 270° and speed 62 ww Present wx: intermittent moderate rain 50 ww Present wx: intermittent slight drizzle
0205 LoLoLoLo 20.5W longitude
14 Knots. The sea temperature (measured by intake) is +7.0°C. 6 W1 Past wx: rain 8 W1 Past wx: showers
5 W2 drizzle 5 W2 drizzle
Sea waves are estimated to be 5m high, with a period of 10 seconds, the swell waves Nh is the amount of all the CL cloud present or, if no CL cloud is
4 iR precipitation group is omitted Nh is the amount of all the CL cloud present or, if no CL cloud is 6 Nh
are coming from 180° (T) , height 4m period 16 seconds. The wet bulb temperature 8 Nh present, the amount of all the CM cloud present = 6 eights
present, the amount of all the CM cloud present = 8 eights
Q. 1. Code the following ship’s full reports: 1 ix present and past weather data group 7wwW1W2 is included
0 CL Low cloud type: Nimbostratus in a layer Low cloud type: St in a more or less continuous layer, and/or in
9 h Cloudless sky is +7.4°C. 6 CL
ragged shreds; but no ragged St of bad weather
97 VV Visibility is 5 but less than 11 nm 2 CM Medium cloud type: Nimbostratus in a layer
Date & GMT : 4 May, 1800 z High cloud type: high clouds not visible due to a continuous layer 0 CM Medium cloud type: Nil
0 N The total fraction of the sky covered by clouds of all types = 0 eigths / CH High cloud type: Either a) Dense Ci in patches or tangled sheaves,
Ship’s Call sign : ATVH of Nimbostratus
True direction, in tens of degrees, from which wind is blowing = 075°- true ship’s course made good during the three hours preceeding not increasing, which sometimes seem to be the remains of the
08 dd 6 Ds 2 CH
Ship’s Position : 52°42’N , 020°30’W 084° BBXX D.....D YYGGiw 99LaLaLa QcLoLoLoLo iRixhVV the time of observation = south’ly (180 deg) upper part of Cb b) Ci with sproutings like small turrets or
True wind speed, measured or estimated as indicated by iw = 09 Ship’s average speed made good during the three hours battlements, or Ci having the appearance of cumulus-shaped tufts
Ship’s Course & Speed: 180°(T) / 15 Knots 09 ff 3 Vs
knots preceeding the time of observation = 11 to 15 knots 6 Ds true ship’s course made good during the three hours preceeding

the time of observation = westerly Q.2. Vessel steering WSW at 14 Knots. Wind direction obtained from anemometer is 3 points on the Ship’s Name: SS Loyalty, Call Sign: LGMW, Posn 01O 25’S 178O 05’E. Date: 17 June, SMT: 2110, CMG Q.1. Decode the following report:
Ship’s average speed made good during the three hours
4 Vs
preceeding the time of observation = 16 to 20 knots port bow. Wind speed at 17 knots estimated by sea appearance. State the log book entry to be made & SMG IN Last 3 hrs : 165 (T), 17 kn. Estimated Wind:136 (T), 14 kts, Visibility: 16 Km, Atmospheric
BBXX ATVH 10123 99408 30492 41398
0 Ss Sea surface temp. positive or zero regarding wind. In which direction will sea spray fly? pressure: 987.6 bpa, Barometric Tendency: +2.5 hpa increasing steadily.
170 TWTWTW Sea surface temp. 17.0 deg centigrade 62828 10143 20082 40084 56028 76364 Q.2. Vessel steering WSW at 14 Knots. Wind direction obtained from anemometer is 3 points on the
12 PWPW Period of sea wave = 12 seconds Temperature: dry: +28OC, Wet: +23OC, Sea: +22OC.
06 HWHW Height of sea = 3 metres port bow. Wind speed at 17 knots estimated by sea appearance. State the log book entry to be made
84364 22234 00175 20808 302// 41006
30 dW1dW1
True direction, in tens of degrees, from which primary swell Q.3. Code the following Ship’s Weather Observation: Ship: VHAN, Position: 00 O 05’N 46O58’E, Cloud: Fully covered sky with few blue patches, low clouds cover 4 oktas, base 1000 meters, above regarding wind. In which direction will sea spray fly?
waves are coming = 295°-304°
// dW2dW2 only one swell system is observed
sea, Cu with little vertical extent and seemingly flattened, Ac in a chaotic sky, Cc alone.
Course made good past 3 hours 170O at 10 Knots, GMT 16d 00h 20m, Wind 052O estimated at 10 Answer: True wind: Southerly 186T x 17 Knots and direction will sea spray fly: 006 degrees T
12 PW1PW1 Period of primary swell system = 12 seconds
08 HW1HW1 Height of primary swell system = 4m
knots. Present Wx: State of Sky on the whole unchanged.
BBXX BBXX ship report follows
ATVH D ..... D Vessel’s call sign: ATVH
Visibility 500 mts, Pressure 1008.8 mbs, Tendency +3.6 mbs, Baro, Trace./ Temperature: Dry 28.5 OC, Past Wx: Cloud covering more than ½ of sky throughout period, rain.
10 YY 10th day of the month (UTC) Q.3. Encode the following Weather report from a ship station:
Wet 23.0OC, Sea 20.6OC 12 GG Time of obs in UTC: 1200Z
Sea period: 07 sec, height 1.5 mtrs, Swell coming from south east, period 7 sec, height 3 mtrs.
3 iw Wind speed estimated in knots Ship: AWKG, Position: 06O 12.5’S, 084O 43’E, course made good over last three hours: 120 O at 13
Cloud: Sky Over Cast with few blue Patches. Low clouds 4 oktas, base 600 metres, above Sea, Cu of 408 LaLaLa 40.8S latitude
strong vertical extent, Ac in a chaotic sky, Cc. knots, GMT: 23d 00h 20m, Wind: Northerly estimated at 11 knots, Visibility: 700 Mtrs. Pressure: 1011
3 Qc SE quadrant
hpa, Tendency:+3.6 hpa, Barograph trace: Increasing then decreasing. Temperature: Dry 23.5 OC,
Present Weather: Visibility Poor due to dust in suspension in the air, not raised by wind at or near BBXX D.....D YYGGiw 99LaLaLa QcLoLoLoLo iRixhVV 0492 LoLoLoLo 049.2E longitude
Wet 21.0OC, Cloud base 800 mtrs above sea level, Cu of moderate or strong vertical extent, Ac in a
Q.1. Encode the following weather report from a ship station: ship. Past Weather Thick Haze, thunderstorm. BBXX LGMW 17163 99015 51781 41697 4 iR precipitation group is omitted Chaotic sky, Cc. Present Weather: Visibility poor due to dust in suspension in the air, not raised by
1 ix present and past weather data group 7wwW1W2 is included wind at or near ship. Past Weather: drizzle rain. Sea: Period 08 seconds, height 2.0 mtrs. Swell: From
Call sign, VVPY, position 28O 08’ N, 160O 32’E, course made good over last 3 hours 265OT at 14.2 Sea: Period 04 Seconds, height 0.4 metres. Swell: From 270 O period 08 Second, height 0.4 metres. 3 h Base of lowest cloud: 200 to 300m
98 VV Visibility is 11 but less than 27 nm 220O, Period 10 seconds, height 5.0 mtrs
knots, GMT 25th Day, 18 hrs 00 min, wind north-east estimated at 14, visibility 2000m, pressure 6 N The total fraction of the sky covered by clouds of all types = 6 eighths
Nddff 1snTTT 2snTdTdTd 4PPPP 5appp 7wwW1W2 28 dd
True direction, in tens of degrees, from which wind is blowing = 275°-
1004mm, tendency – 1.5 mm, barograph trace, increasing then decreasing, dry temperature 30.5 OC, BBXX D.....D YYGGiw 99LaLaLa QcLoLoLoLo iRixhVV 284°
71414 10280 20210 49876 52025 70262 28 ff
True wind speed, measured or estimated as indicated by iw = 28 BBXX D.....D YYGGiw 99LaLaLa QcLoLoLoLo iRixhVV
wet 26.2OC, clouds: sky o’cast with few blue patches, clouds 6-oktas, base 600m above sea level, knots
BBXX VHAN 16003 99001 10470 41593 0 sn Sign of air temperature = positive or zero BBXX AWKG 23003 99062 30847 41593
Cumulus of strong vertical extent, Alto-cumulus in a chaotic sky, Present weather: poor visibility 143 TTT Air temperature = 14.3 deg centigrade
082 TdTdTd Dew point temperature = 8.2 deg centigrade
due to rain, Past weather: Drizzle and rain, Sea: Period 4 seconds, sea wave height 2 meter, Swell 222Dsvs 0ssTwTwTw 2PwPwHwHw 3dw1dw1dw2dw2 4Pw1Pw1Hw1Hw1
8NhCLCMCH 0084 PPPP Surface atmospheric pressure = 1008.4 mb
direction from 160OT, period 8 seconds, wave height 3m Nddff 1snTTT 2snTdTdTd 4PPPP 5appp 7wwW1W2 6 a Barometric tendency: decreasing, then steady or decreasing more slowly
Nddff 1snTTT 2snTdTdTd 4PPPP 5appp 7wwW1W2
84199 22264 00220 20703 314// 40706 028 ppp
net pressure change during the three hour period = decreased by 2.8
70510 10285 20207 40088 52036 70694 deg centigrade
63 ww Present wx: continuous moderate rain 93611 10235 20200 40110 50036 70665
BBXX D.....D YYGGiw 99LaLaLa QcLoLoLoLo iRixhVV 6 W1 Past wx: rain
4 W2 Fog, ice fog, or thick haze (visibility was less than 1Ú2 nautical mile)
BBXX VVPY 25183 99281 11605 41595 4 Nh
Nh is the amount of all the CL cloud present or, if no CL cloud is
8NhCLCMCH 222Dsvs 0ssTwTwTw 2PwPwHwHw 3dw1dw1dw2dw2 4Pw1Pw1Hw1Hw1 present, the amount of all the CM cloud present = 4 eights
Low cloud type: Cb the tops of which, at least partially, lack sharp 8NhCLCMCH 222Dsvs 0ssTwTwTw 2PwPwHwHw 3dw1dw1dw2dw2 4Pw1Pw1Hw1Hw1
84290 22242 00206 20401 327// 40801 3 CL outlines, but are clearly not fibrous or anvil-shaped; Cu, Sc or St
Q.6. Course 295O speed 16 knots out in open sea. Wind force 4 (18 knots) estimated by appearance may also be present. 88299 22233 20804 322// 41010
Nddff 1snTTT 2snTdTdTd 4PPPP 5appp 7wwW1W2 Medium cloud type: Ac resulting from the spreading out of Cu (or
of the sea surface. Smoke from the funnel was observed to be blowing to NNE. What entry is to be 6 CM
Cb).
70514 10305 20248 40040 50015 78165 made in the weather report with respect to wind direction and speed? High cloud type: Ci in the form of hooks and/or filaments,
4 CH progressively invading the sky; they generally become thicker as a
whole.
true ship’s course made good during the three hours preceding
3 Ds
the time of observation = southeasterly
222Dsvs 0ssTwTwTw 2PwPwHwHw 3dw1dw1dw2dw2 4Pw1Pw1Hw1Hw1 Ship’s average speed made good during the three hours preceding
8NhCLCMCH Q.4. A vessel is steering a course 080O(T) at a speed of 12 knots. Direction of wind as obtained by 4 Vs
the time of observation = 16 to 20 knots
0 Ss Sea surface temp. positive or zero
Q.4. A vessel is steering a course 080O(T) at a speed of 12 knots. Direction of wind as obtained by
observing line of sea waves was ‘Westerly’ but apparent wind direction was ‘N’. State what direction
86290 22263 20404 316// 40806 175 TWTWTW Sea surface temp. 17.5 deg centigrade observing line of sea waves was ‘Westerly’ but apparent wind direction was ‘N’. State what direction
and wind speed is to be entered in the log book? Towards which direction will the funnel smoke fly? 08 PWPW Period of sea wave = 08 seconds and wind speed is to be entered in the log book? Towards which direction will the funnel smoke fly?
08 HWHW Height of sea = 4 meters
02 dW1dW1
True direction, in tens of degrees, from which primary swell Answer: True Wind: Westerly x 11.7 Knots and direction will the funnel smoke fly SOUTH
waves are coming = 15°-24°
Q.5. Code the following weather report: // dW2dW2 only one swell system is observed
10 PW1PW1 Period of primary swell system = 10 seconds
06 HW1HW1 Height of primary swell system = 3m
 12 PW1PW1 Period of primary swell system = 12 seconds BBXX QRST 11183 99381 70872 41496
08 HW1HW1 Height of primary swell system = 4m

Q.5. Decode the following Weather report: Q.6. Course 295O speed 16 knots out in open sea. Wind force 4 (18 knots) estimated by appearance Encode the following weather observation made on board the M.V. Hindship, call sign Nddff 1snTTT 2snTdTdTd 4PPPP 5appp 7wwW1W2
of the sea surface. Smoke from the funnel was observed to be blowing to NNE. What entry is to be ‘ATTF’ in 13O 15’S 087O 27’E 13 February. Wind: 120OT, speed 23 knots, sea waves 3m,
BBXX ATUX 14183 99234 70205 41498
made in the weather report with respect to wind direction and speed? period 3 sec. Swell: From 210O(T), height 2m, period 06 sec, No secondary swell. 82320 10295 20280 49985 57030 75562
63034 10186 20152 49998 52012 75085 Barometer was read at 1730 IST and corrected pressure was 1002.4 MB, the pressure Q.2 On a course of North at 12 knots, find the apparent wind direction and speed if a true
True Wind: SE’ly 138T x 18 Knots
86602 22264 00170 21206 330// 41208 having fallen steadily by 2.7 MB and the ship having steered an effective course of 305 OT NW wind of 8 knots speed was blowing.
during the past 3 hours. Weather at the time of observation: Moderate thunderstorm 8NhCLCMCH 222Dsvs 0ssTwTwTw 2PwPwHwHw 3dw1dw1dw2dw2 4Pw1Pw1Hw1Hw1 Apparent wind direc on: 342o T or NNW and speed 18.6 Knots
BBXX BBXX ship report follows without hail. Past weather: Cloud covering more than half of the sky throughout the
ATUX D ..... D Vessel’s call sign: ATUX period, showers. Visibility: 12 km. Air temp: Dry bulb: +27.5 OC, wet bulb: +26OC. Sea 8537/ 22255 00260 21207 313// 40905
14 YY 14th day of the month (UTC)
18 GG Time of obs in UTC: 1800Z surface temp: +25OC cloud bases 250 metre, total cloud covers 6 oktas, and low clouds
Q.4 A vessel on a course of 320O speed 15 knots. The anemometer and wind vane showed
3 iw Wind speed estimated in knots cumulonimbus with anvil, accompanied by cumulus; covering 4 oktas. Medium clouds:
234 LaLaLa 23.4N latitude 20 knots and 045O (T) respectively. State what entry is to be made in weather report
Altocumulus with cumuliform tufts. High clouds: Cirrus originating from top of
7 Qc NW quadrant regarding wind direction and speed?
0205 LoLoLoLo 020.5W longitude
cumulonimbus.
True Wind direc on and speed: 083oT or Easterly x 23.8 Knots
4 iR precipitation group is omitted BBXX D.....D YYGGiw 99LaLaLa QcLoLoLoLo iRixhVV
1 ix present and past weather data group 7wwW1W2 is included
Code the following: Call Sign: VWPP, Position 13O 15’N 087O 27’W, 13th February,
4 h Base of lowest cloud: 600 to 1000 BBXX ATTF 13123 99132 50874 41397 Wind 120o (T), speed 23 knots, sea wave 3m, period 3 sec, Swell from 210 o (T), height
98 VV Visibility is 11 but less than 27 nm 2.5m, period 08 sec, No secondary swell, Barometer was read at 0230 IST and corrected A vessel steaming due east at 19 knots in open sea, observes the sea surface and estimates
6 N The total fraction of the sky covered by clouds of all types = 6 eighths
True direction, in tens of degrees, from which wind is blowing =295°- pressure was 1002.4 mb, the pressure having fallen steadily by 2.7 mb and the ship wind to be 22 knots. A handkerchief held up was observed to blow towards south. State
30 dd
304° having steered an effective Course of 305 (T) during last 3 hours. Weather at the time of what entry is to be made in the weather report regarding wind direction and speed?
True wind speed, measured or estimated as indicated by iw = 34 Nddff 1snTTT 2snTdTdTd 4PPPP 5appp 7wwW1W2
34 ff
knots observation: Moderate thunderstorm without hall. Past weather: Cloud covering more
0 sn Sign of air temperature = positive or zero 61223 10275 20260 40024 57027 79582 than half of the sky throughout the period, showers. Visibility: 0.21 nautical miles, Air True wind direc on and speed: 300o T or WNW x 22 Knots
186 TTT Air temperature = 18.6 deg centigrade Temp: Dry + 27.5o C, Wet 26.0o C, Sea surface temp: 25.0o C. Cloud bases 250 metre,
152 TdTdTd Dew point temperature = 15.2 deg centigrade
9998 PPPP Surface atmospheric pressure = 999.8 mb total cloud covers 6 oktas, and low clouds cumulonimbus with anvil, accompanied by
2 a Barometric tendency: increasing, steadily or unsteadily 8NhCLCMCH 222Dsvs 0ssTwTwTw 2PwPwHwHw 3dw1dw1dw2dw2 4Pw1Pw1Hw1Hw1 cumulus: covering 4 oktas, Medium Cloud: Altocumulus with cumuliform tufts, High
net pressure change during the three hour period = decreased by 1.2 Clouds: Cirrus originating from top of cumulonimbus.
012 ppp
deg centigrade
50 ww Present wx: intermittent slight drizzle 84983 2227/ 00250 20306 321// 40604
8 W1 Past wx: Shower(s)
BBXX D.....D YYGGiw 99LaLaLa QcLoLoLoLo iRixhVV
5 W2 Drizzle
Nh is the amount of all the CL cloud present or, if no CL cloud is BBXX VWPP 13213 99132 70874 41392
6 Nh
present, the amount of all the CM cloud present = 6 eights
Low cloud type: St in a more or less continuous layer, and/or in
6 CL
ragged shreds; but no ragged St of bad weather.
0 CM Medium cloud type: No Ac, As or Ns clouds present Code the following:
High cloud type: Either: (a) Dense Ci in patches or tangled sheaves, Call sign QRST, Posn. 38O11’ N 087O17’ W, Ships Co, 210O (T) Speed 21 Kts, Nov 11th Nddff 1snTTT 2snTdTdTd 4PPPP 5appp 7wwW1W2
not increasing, which sometimes seem to be the remains of the
2 CH upper part of a Cb.(b) Ci with sproutings like small turrets or 1800 hrs. Wind estimated 20 kts, Direction SxW. Visibility 4 Km. Barometer pressure 61223 10275 20260 40024 57270 79582
battlements, or Ci having the appearance of cumulus-shaped 998.5 hpe, tendency 3.0 hps, Trace: falling, Dry Bulb: 29.5 OC, Wet Bulb 28OC, Sea
tufts.
true ship’s course made good during the three hours preceding Temp. 26OC. Totally overcast sky. Low clouds 5/8 Octas, Base 300m above Sea Level.
6 Ds
the time of observation = westerly Cb, Ac with Ns, High clouds not visible. Present weather: continuous drizzle, Past
Ship’s average speed made good during the three hours preceding 8NhCLCMCH 222Dsvs 0ssTwTwTw 2PwPwHwHw 3dw1dw1dw2dw2 4Pw1Pw1Hw1Hw1
4 Vs
the time of observation = 16 to 20 knots weather. Overcast with rain. Sea Period: 12 Sec, Height 3.5m, Swell Direction 125 (T),
0 Ss Sea surface temp. positive or zero Period 9 Sec, Height 2.5m. 84983 2227/ 00250 20306 321// 40805
170 TWTWTW Sea surface temp. 17.0 deg centigrade
12 PWPW Period of sea wave = 12 seconds BBXX D.....D YYGGiw 99LaLaLa QcLoLoLoLo iRixhVV
06 HWHW Height of sea = 3 meters
True direction, in tens of degrees, from which primary swell
30 dW1dW1
waves are coming = 295°-304° Code the following weather report:
// dW2dW2 only one swell system is observed
Ship: ATKJ, Position 9O37’N 093O14’W, date and time of observation: 10 May / 0235

WIND TRIANGLE QUESTIONS

Q1. A vessel steering 060O(T) at 15kts, experiencing apparent wind at 14kts coming from
IST, Course made good in last 3 hrs, North at 16 Knots. Visibility: 10 Km, Wind: 135 O Call Sign: “ELFG 6” in Position 03O15’S 015O17’W at 1335 UTC on 16th September, Ship: AWKG, Posi on: 06O 12.5’S, 084O 43’E, course made good over last three hours: direction was ‘N’. State what direction and wind speed is to be entered in the log 30O on port bow. Find the direction and speed of True Wind.

estimated at 26 knots, Atmospheric pressure at 10/0235 IST was 998.5 mb and at steered a course of 100O at 16 knots. Estimated wind: south westerly at 10 knots. book? Towards which direction will the funnel smoke fly?
120O at 13 knots, GMT: 23d 00h 20m, Wind: Northerly es mated at 11 knots, ANS: True Wind 308O Speed 08 knots
Barometric pressure: 998 mb, barometric trace decreasing and then increasing, no
09/2235 was 1002.5 mb, Barograph trace: Falling then steady. Temperature: Dry 28 OC, change in last three hours. Visibility 17 km. Temperature: Dry 32.5 OC Wet 29.5OC. Visibility: 700 Mtrs. Pressure: 1011 hpa, Tendency: +3.6 hpa, Barograph trace: True Wind: Westerly x 11.7 knots funnel smoke will fly SOUTH
Wet 25OC, Sea 22OC. Clouds ¾ of the sky. Low clouds SC ½ of the sky. Ac in chaotic sky. Ci in the form of Q2. A vessel on a course of 245O at 12 knots, the apparent wind was observed to be 120 O
Increasing then decreasing. Temperature: Dry 23.5OC, Wet 21.0OC, Cloud base 800 mtrs
filaments as hooks. Present and past weather were not of significance. at 15 knots. What direction and force of wind is to be entered in the ship’s log
Clouds: 6/8 of the sky. Low clouds 4/8 of the sky 600 metres above sea level, Cu with above sea level, Cu of moderate or strong ver cal extent, Ac in a Chao c sky, Cc. book?
little vertical extent, Ac in chaotic sky, Ci in the form of hooks progressively invading Q.6. Course 295O speed 16 knots out in open sea. Wind force 4 (18 knots) estimated
sky. Present weather: Thunderstorm but no precipitation at the time of observation. Past Present Weather: Visibility poor due to dust in suspension in the air, not raised by wind by appearance of the sea surface. Smoke from the funnel was observed to be ANS: True Wind: 096O Speed : 24 kts / BFF 6 Logbook Entry: S840E (E’ly)
BBXX D.....D YYGGiw 99LaLaLa QcLoLoLoLo iRixhVV
weather: Cloud covering more than ½ sky throughout the period and passing showers. at or near ship. Past Weather: drizzle rain. Sea: Period 08 seconds, height 2.0 mtrs. blowing to NNE. What entry is to be made in the weather report with respect to wind
Sea waves: Period 8 seconds, height 1.3 metres. Swell: from 183 O period 10 seconds, BBXX ELFG6 16143 99032 50152 41797 direction and speed?
Swell: From 220O, Period 10 seconds, height 5.0 mtrs. Q3. Course 160O, speed 10 knots. Direction of wind (obtained by observing line of waves)
height 2.2m. was 270O. Apparent wind speed was 17 knots. What direction and force of wind is to be
True Wind SE’ly 138 T x 18 Knots entered in the ship’s log book?
BBXX D.....D YYGGiw 99LaLaLa QcLoLoLoLo iRixhVV
Nddff 1snTTT 2snTdTdTd 4PPPP 5appp 7wwW1W2
BBXX ATKJ 10213 99096 70932 41597 BBXX D.....D YYGGiw 99LaLaLa QcLoLoLoLo iRixhVV ANS: True Wind 270O Speed 17.6 Apparent Wind 236 .5O Speed 17 knots
62410 10325 20285 49980 55000 70222 Logbook Entry: W’ly / BFF 5
BBXX AWKG 23003 99062 30847 41593

Nddff 1snTTT 2snTdTdTd 4PPPP 5appp 7wwW1W2 Q4. A vessel on a course of 0900 speed 19 knots. The wind estimated by observing the sea
8NhCLCMCH 222Dsvs 0ssTwTwTw 2PwPwHwHw 3dw1dw1dw2dw2 4Pw1Pw1Hw1Hw1 surface was 22 knots. Funnel smoke was blowing towards South. State what entry is to
61426 10280 20240 49985 56040 71782 Nddff 1snTTT 2snTdTdTd 4PPPP 5appp 7wwW1W2
be made in weather report regarding wind direction and speed? (11th Mar 2024)
84591 22224
93611 10235 20200 40110 50036 70665
ANS: True Wind 300O Speed 22 knots weather report: iWddff - 33022

8NhCLCMCH 222Dsvs 0ssTwTwTw 2PwPwHwHw 3dw1dw1dw2dw2 4Pw1Pw1Hw1Hw1

8NhCLCMCH 222Dsvs 0ssTwTwTw 2PwPwHwHw 3dw1dw1dw2dw2 4Pw1Pw1Hw1Hw1 Q5. A vessel on a course of 070 0 speed 15 knots. Wind speed as estimated by observing the
84194 22284 00220 20803 318// 41004
appearance of sea surface is 33 knots. Funnel smoke was blowing towards 350 0. State
89299 22233 20804 322// 41010 what entry is to be made in weather report regarding wind direction and speed and in
which direction the sea spray will fly?

ANS: True Wind 197O Speed 33 knots weather report: iWddff - 32033
The Sea Spray Will Fly towards 017O OA = 170 X 27

Q.2. Vessel steering WSW at 14 Knots. Wind direction obtained from anemometer is
Q6. A vessel is steering a course 117O (T) at a speed of 12 knots. Direction of wind as
3 points on the port bow. Wind speed at 17 knots estimated by sea appearance. obtained by anemometer 036O x 11 kts. State what direction and wind speed is to be
entered in the log book? Towards which direction will the funnel smoke fly?
State the log book entry to be made regarding wind. In which direction will sea spray
ANS: True Wind 344O Speed 15 knots Logbook Entry: N16W BFF 4
fly? The Funnel Smoke Will Fly Towards 216O
True wind direction & speed: southerly 186o T x 17 Knots spray will fly in the
direction of 006 degrees Q7. A vessel is steaming 267O at 14 knots through a true wind blowing from SE at 11 knots.
Find the direction and speed of the apparent wind experienced? What entries must be
made in Deck Log Book regarding wind.

Code the following weather report using Ship’s Weather Code 1982: Q.4. A vessel is steering a course 080O(T) at a speed of 12 knots. Direction of wind ANS: True Wind 135O Speed 11 knots Apparent Wind 216O Speed 10.5 knots
Logbook Entry: SE BF 4
Encode the following Weather report from a ship station: as obtained by observing line of sea waves was ‘Westerly’ but apparent wind
Q8. A vessel on a course of 320O (T) speed 15 knots. The anemometer and wind vane
showed 20 knots and 045O (T) respectively. State what entry is to be made in weather
report regarding wind direction and speed? In which direction the funnel smoke will be
blowing?

ANS: True Wind 085O Speed 24 knots weather report: iWddff - 40924

Q9. A vessel heading on Course 320O with speed of 12 knots out in open sea. Wind force 4
(16 knots), estimated by appearance of the sea surface. Smoke of the funnel was
observed to be blowing to 030O. What entries to be made in weather report regarding
wind direction and speed?

ANS: True Wind 165O Speed 16 knots weather report: iWddff - 31716

Q10. Vessel steering ESE at 14 Knots. The Anemometer indicates wind on the port beam at
14 knots. State the log book & weather code entry to be made regarding wind.
In which direction will the funnel smoke fly?

ANS: True Wind 337.5O Speed 19.8 knots

Logbook Entry: NNW (N22.5OW) BFF 5
Weather Report: iWddff – 43420
The Funnel Smoke Will Fly Towards SSW (202.5 O)

Q11. Vessel steering WSW at 14 Knots. Wind direction obtained from anemometer is 3 points
on the port bow. Wind speed at 17 knots estimated by sea appearance. State the log
book entry to be made regarding wind. In which direction will sea spray fly?

ANS: True Wind 186O Speed 17 knots Logbook Entry: S06W BFF 5
The Sea Spray Will Fly in a N’LY Direction (N06E)

Q12. Vessel steering SWxW at 14 Knots. True Wind direction 3 points abaft the beam from
Port Side Funnel Smoke 3 points abaft the Starboard Beam. State the log book entry to
be made regarding wind. In which direction will sea spray fly?

ANS: True Wind 112.5O Speed 13.2 knots Logbook Entry: ESE BFF 4
The Sea Spray Will Fly in a WNW Direction (292.5 O) SEE LAST PAGE

Q13. A vessel steaming due East at 19 knots in open sea, observes the sea surface and
estimates the wind force to be the lower limit of Force 6(22 knots). A handkerchief held up was
observed to blow towards South. State what entry is to be made in weather report regarding
wind direction and speed? (7th Nov 2024)

ANS: True Wind 300O Speed 22 knots weather report: iWddff - 33022