Sweet but horrible, easy yet difficult, what else????
Tenses, Tenses, and Tenses
TENSE EXAMPLES USES/RULES MORE EXAMPLES
CONDITIONALS TYPE 0 Conditionals Type 0 ■ I’ll talk to her provid-
ing /provided that she
1 We use the zero conditional to doesn’t get hysterical =
IF – CLAUSE MAIN CLAUSE talk about events or situations If she doesn’t get hyst…
If + present simple Present simple that can occur at any time, and ■ I’ll do you this favour
often occur more than once,
and their results.
on condition that you
NOTE: When/whenever can be used in place of if. drive me back home= If
2 Then can be used in the main you drop me home.
■If you start conditional sentence with if, use comma. clause if we want to emphasize ■
■Don’t use coma if you put if between the two the fact that the result wished is supposing/supposed
sentences contingent upon (depends on) you got drunk again as
■When/if it rains, the roads get slippery. the condition being achieved. usual, who would baby-
■The roads get slippery when/if it rains. sit you = If you got
■Hang clothes out in the sun, their colour fade.
drunk.
■Iron goes red when it gets very hot.
■If both mum and dad agree, then we have got it. ■ I’d better fly, other-
Conditionals Type 1
■It may be possible, if they both agree at it, to get wise I’ll miss my bus= If
them an accommodation here in Cornwell. 4 are used to indicate real or I don’t hurry now, I’ll
________________________________________________________________ very probable present or future leave the bus.
CONDITIONALS TYPE 1 situations. ■ You are taking my
suitcase again. What if I
5 *we do not normally use will need it? = What will you
IF – CLAUSE MAIN CLAUSE with if clauses but if we do, do if I need it?
If + present simple will-future/imperative we refer to the fact as to what
■ one more word and
Present continuous can/may/might/must/ will happen due to possible
Present Perfect should/could + bare inf. future actions = if this will be you’ll get to know me. =
Present Perf. Cont. the later result. If you do that again…
*with will, would and could in ■ Just try it again with
NOTE: If = something may happen if clauses, we make a polite me or (else) I’ll see you
When = something definitely happens request or express insis- tence ■ So/As long as you
Unless = if + not or uncertainty. promise to be back by
*the use of Should in if clau- Sunday afternoon, you
If you take a taxi now, you will surely get there on time ses is used to talk about the will get my car. = If you
■I will give her your love if I see her. possibility that something may
promise to be back by…
■You can pass this test if you are preparing for it from… take place, but it is very
unlikely. ■ In case of/in the
■I will leave you for good if this will make you happy. event of an emergency,
■ If this should break down, we would repair it at our …
Conditionals Type 2 dial 0000. = If there
■Unless you tell me, I can’t help you in any way.
were an emergency,..
6 They refer to imaginary situa- ■ If you could deal with
CONDITIONALS TYPE 2 tions in the present and, there-
fore unlikely or almost impossi-
this matter, I would be
very grateful = polite
ble to take place in the present
IF – CLAUSE MAIN CLAUSE request
or future = unreal present or
If + past simple would/could/might + future. ■ Were she more atten-
past continuous Present bare infinitive tive, she wouldn’t get
7 they are used to give advice into trouble again and..
as well. = Emphatic use
■If I had money, I could buy a house today. ■ If you were to sit like
■If she was buttering her boss, she would be able to… Conditionals Type 3 a normal human being, I
■If I were he, I would go there and talk to her.
might be able to talk to
8 unreal past = imaginary
you normally =unlikely
CONDITIONALS TYPE 3 situations which are contrary to
the facts in the past sitution
MIXED CONDITIONALS
IF – CLAUSE MAIN CLAUSE 9 they are also used to exp - If clause Main
If + past Perfect Would/could/might/+ ress anger, regrets and clause
past Perf. Cont. perfect bare infinitive criticism. Type 2 Type 1
Type 2 Type 3
NOTE: but for your advice = if you hadn’t advised her. 10 we can use inversion by
omitting if in Type 1,2 and 3. Type 3 Type 2
■If I had known, I would have definitely informed you if you got you won’t go
■Had I known, I would have definitely informed you. Copyright ©2009 [Link]
if she were she wouldn’t
■But for your advice, she wouldn’t have succeeded. have done
Hadn’t I cut I would be