Computer Fundamentals Lab record
Course Code: CS-110
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
GOVERNMENT POLYTECHNIC, WARANGAL
S. No. Experiment Title Page No. Date Signature
MS WORD
To create a new document in Microsoft Word,
1 type text, and save it.
To apply various formatting options to text in an
2 MS Word document.
To adjust the page layout, margins, orientation,
3 and to add a header and footer.
To use the spell checker in MS Word to find and
4 correct errors.
To print a document from MS Word and
5 configure print options.
To create the main document and data file for a
6 mail merge.
To print a personalized document using mail
7 merge.
8 To create a table in an MS Word document.
9 To add a new row or column to an existing table.
MS POWERPOINT
To create and save a new presentation in MS
10 PowerPoint.
11 To choose an auto layout for a new slide.
12 To insert text and pictures into a slide.
13 To insert new slides into a presentation.
14 To apply slide transition effects.
15 To demonstrate a slide show.
16 To set animation to text and pictures on a slide.
17 To set sounds, order, and timing for animation.
MS EXCEL
18 To create and save a new workbook in Excel.
To operate the mouse to select cells and groups
19 of cells.
20 To enter and edit data into a worksheet.
Basic Theoretical Concepts
1. What is a Computer?
A computer is an electronic device that takes input, processes it using a CPU (Central
Processing Unit), stores it in memory, and gives an output.
Example: When you type a message and press "send" on WhatsApp, the phone (computer)
processes your input and sends the message as output.
2. Basic Components of a Computer
1. Input Devices – Used to enter data
Examples: Keyboard, Mouse, Scanner, Microphone
2. Processing Unit (CPU) – The brain of the computer
Does all calculations and processing
3. Memory/Storage – Stores data
o RAM (Temporary): Used when the computer is working
o Hard Disk/SSD (Permanent): Stores data long term
4. Output Devices – Show the result
Examples: Monitor, Printer, Speaker
3. Characteristics of Computers
Speed – Fast data processing
Accuracy – Very few errors
Automation – Can work on its own with instructions
Storage – Can store huge amounts of data
Versatility – Can perform different tasks
4. Types of Computers
Type Description Example
Desktop Used at one place, usually at offices PCs in labs
Laptop Portable computer Dell, HP, Lenovo laptops
Tablet/Mobile Touch-based small computers Smartphones, iPads
Supercomputer Very powerful, used in research Weather forecasting centers
Embedded Inside other devices Microwave, ATM, Cars
5. Applications of Computers
Education – Online classes, digital learning
Banking – ATMs, online banking
Healthcare – Scanning, patient records
Business – Billing, accounting
Entertainment – Games, movies, music
6. Advantages of Using Computers
Saves time and effort
Reduces human errors
Handles large data easily
Helps in communication (email, chat)
7. Limitations of Computers
No thinking power (needs instructions)
Depends on electricity
Can be affected by viruses or hacking
8. Basic Computer Terminology
Term Meaning
Hardware Physical parts like keyboard, monitor
Software Programs or apps used to do tasks
Operating System Manages the computer (like Windows)
Bit/Byte Units of data (8 bits = 1 byte)
Internet Global network of computers
Experiment 1: Creating and Saving a Document in MS WORD
Aim: To create a new document in Microsoft Word, type some text into it, and save it for future use.
Procedure:
1. Open MS Word: Click on the Start Menu, navigate to 'All Programs', find 'Microsoft Office',
and then select 'Microsoft Word'.
2. Create a Blank Document: A new blank document will usually open by default. If not, click
on the 'File' menu and select 'New', then choose 'Blank Document'.
3. Enter Text: Type the desired text into the document. For example, you can type a letter, a
story, or notes.
4. Save the Document:
o Click on the 'File' menu and select 'Save As'.
o A dialog box will appear. Choose a location on your computer to save the file.
o Enter a name for your document in the 'File name' box.
o Click the 'Save' button. The document is now saved.
Example Exercise:
1. Open MS Word.
2. Type the following paragraph: The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog. This sentence is
famous because it contains all the letters of the English alphabet. It's often used for testing
typewriters and computer keyboards.
3. Save the document with the filename "My First Document".
Experiment 2: Formatting Text in a Document
Aim: To learn how to apply various formatting options to text in an MS Word document to improve
its appearance and readability.
Procedure:
1. Open the document you want to format.
2. Select the text you wish to format by clicking and dragging the mouse over it.
3. Use the Font Group in the Home Tab:
o Font Type: Click the dropdown arrow next to the font name (e.g., Calibri) and
choose a new font like 'Times New Roman' or 'Arial'.
o Font Size: Click the dropdown arrow next to the font size (e.g., 11) and select a
different size.
o Bold, Italic, Underline: Click the B, I, or U buttons.
o Font Color: Click the dropdown arrow next to the 'A' with a colored bar underneath
it and select a color.
4. Use the Paragraph Group in the Home Tab:
o Alignment: Click on the Align Left, Center, Align Right, or Justify buttons.
o Bullets and Numbering: Select a list of items and click the Bullets or Numbering
button.
Example Exercise:
1. Open the "My First Document" file.
2. Make the first sentence bold.
3. Change the font of the entire paragraph to 'Arial' and the size to '14'.
4. Center the entire paragraph.
5. Change the color of the word "quick" to red.
6. Save the changes.
Experiment 3: Changing Page Setup and Inserting Header/Footer
Aim: To adjust the page layout, including margins and orientation, and to add a header and footer to a
document.
Procedure:
1. Open an MS Word document.
2. Change Page Setup:
o Go to the 'Page Layout' tab.
o Margins: Click on 'Margins' and select a predefined option (e.g., Normal, Narrow) or
choose 'Custom Margins' to set your own.
o Orientation: Click on 'Orientation' and choose either 'Portrait' or 'Landscape'.
3. Insert Header and Footer:
o Go to the 'Insert' tab.
o Header: Click 'Header', choose a style, and type your header text (e.g., your name).
o Footer: Click 'Footer', choose a style, and type your footer text (e.g., page number).
o Once done, click 'Close Header and Footer' in the 'Design' tab or double-click the
main document area.
Example Exercise:
1. Create a new Word document.
2. Set the page margins to 'Narrow'.
3. Change the page orientation to 'Landscape'.
4. Insert a header with your 'Name' on the left and the 'Current Date' on the right.
5. Insert a footer with the page number in the center.
6. Save the document as "Page Setup Example".
Experiment 4: Spell Checking a Document
Aim: To use the built-in spell checker in MS Word to find and correct spelling and grammar errors.
Procedure:
1. Open the document you want to check.
2. Go to the 'Review' tab.
3. Click on 'Spelling & Grammar'.
4. The Spelling and Grammar pane will open on the right.
5. For each error found, Word will provide suggestions.
o Select a suggestion and click 'Change' to correct the single instance, or 'Change All'
to correct all instances.
o Click 'Ignore' to skip the word once, or 'Ignore All' to skip all instances of it.
o Click 'Add to Dictionary' to add the word to your custom dictionary (e.g., for
names).
6. Once the check is complete, a dialog box will appear. Click 'OK'.
Example Exercise:
1. Create a new Word document and type the following sentences with deliberate errors: This is
a testt of the spelll cheker. It shuld find all the misteaks.
2. Run the Spelling & Grammar check.
3. Correct all the identified spelling errors using the suggestions provided.
4. Save the corrected document as "Spell Check Practice".
Experiment 5: Printing a Document
Aim: To learn how to print a document from MS Word, selecting the printer and specifying print
options.
Procedure:
1. Open the document you wish to print.
2. Click on the 'File' menu and select 'Print'.
3. Configure Print Settings:
o Printer: Make sure the correct printer is selected from the dropdown list.
o Copies: Enter the number of copies you want to print.
o Pages: Choose to print 'All Pages', the 'Current Page', or a 'Custom Range' of pages
(e.g., 2-4).
4. Click the 'Print' button to send the document to the printer.
Example Exercise:
1. Open the "My First Document" file.
2. Go to the print menu.
3. Set the number of copies to 2.
4. Preview the document to ensure it looks correct.
5. If a printer is connected, print the document. If not, you can often "Print to PDF" to save a
PDF version.
Experiment 6: Creating Main Document and Data File for Mail Merge
Aim: To create the two essential components for a mail merge: the main document (letter template)
and the data source (list of recipients).
Procedure:
1. Create the Main Document:
o Open a new Word document.
o Type the letter you want to send to multiple people. Leave placeholders where you
want to insert personalized information (e.g., <<Name>>, <<Address>>). This will
be your main document.
o Save this document (e.g., as "Invitation Letter").
2. Create the Data Source:
o You can create a data source in Word, Excel, or Access. Using Excel is common.
o Open MS Excel.
o In the first row, create headers for your data, such as FirstName, LastName,
Address, City.
o In the rows below, enter the information for each recipient.
o Save the Excel file (e.g., as "Recipient List").
Example Exercise:
1. Main Document (in Word):
o Create a new document and type: Dear <<FirstName>>, You are invited to our
annual company picnic. We hope to see you there! Sincerely, The Management
o Save it as "Picnic Invitation".
2. Data Source (in Excel):
o Create a new Excel sheet with headers: FirstName, LastName.
o Enter the following data: | FirstName | LastName | | :--- | :--- | | John | Smith | | Jane |
Doe | | Peter | Jones |
o Save it as "GuestList".
Experiment 7: Printing the Document with Mail Merge
Aim: To combine the main document and data source to create and print personalized letters.
Procedure:
1. Open the main document in Word (e.g., "Picnic Invitation").
2. Go to the 'Mailings' tab and click 'Start Mail Merge', then select 'Letters'.
3. Click 'Select Recipients' and choose 'Use an Existing List'.
4. Browse and select your data source file (e.g., "[Link]") and click 'Open'.
5. Insert Merge Fields:
o Delete your placeholder text (e.g., <<FirstName>>).
o Click 'Insert Merge Field' and choose the corresponding field (e.g., 'FirstName').
6. Preview and Finish:
o Click 'Preview Results' to see how the letters will look.
o Click 'Finish & Merge' and choose 'Print Documents'. You can print all records or a
selection.
Example Exercise:
1. Use the "Picnic Invitation" main document and the "GuestList" data source you created in
the previous experiment.
2. Follow the mail merge procedure to replace the <<FirstName>> placeholder with the
'FirstName' merge field.
3. Preview the results to see the personalized letters for John, Jane, and Peter.
4. Use 'Finish & Merge' to complete the process. Choose 'Edit Individual Documents' to see all
the letters in a new Word file.
Experiment 8: Creating a Table in a Document
Aim: To insert and create a table in an MS Word document to organize information in rows and
columns.
Procedure:
1. Open a Word document.
2. Place your cursor where you want the table to appear.
3. Go to the 'Insert' tab and click on 'Table'.
4. You can create a table in several ways:
o Grid: Hover your mouse over the grid to select the number of rows and columns you
need, then click.
o Insert Table: Click 'Insert Table', specify the number of columns and rows in the
dialog box, and click 'OK'.
5. Enter your data into the table cells.
Example Exercise:
1. Create a new Word document.
2. Insert a table with 3 columns and 4 rows.
3. Enter the following data into the table: | Name | Age | City | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | Rahul | 25 |
Delhi | | Priya | 22 | Mumbai | | Amit | 28 | Chennai |
4. Save the document as "My Table".
Experiment 9: Adding a Row or Column to a Table
Aim: To modify an existing table in MS Word by inserting new rows and columns.
Procedure:
1. Open the document containing your table.
2. Click inside a cell in the table where you want to add a row or column.
3. The 'Table Tools' contextual tabs ('Design' and 'Layout') will appear. Click on the 'Layout'
tab.
4. To add a row: In the 'Rows & Columns' group, click 'Insert Above' or 'Insert Below'.
5. To add a column: In the 'Rows & Columns' group, click 'Insert Left' or 'Insert Right'.
Example Exercise:
1. Open the "My Table" document.
2. Add a new row below the last entry (Amit).
3. Enter the data: Sneha, 24, Kolkata.
4. Add a new column to the right of the 'City' column.
5. Title the new column 'Profession' and add data for each person.
Experiment 10: Creating and Saving a New Presentation in MS PowerPoint
Aim: To create and save a basic presentation file in Microsoft PowerPoint.
Procedure:
1. Open MS PowerPoint: Click Start > All Programs > Microsoft Office > Microsoft
PowerPoint.
2. Create a New Presentation: PowerPoint will typically open with a new, blank presentation.
If not, click 'File' > 'New' and select 'Blank Presentation'.
3. A title slide will be displayed. Click in the title and subtitle boxes to add text.
4. Save the Presentation:
o Click 'File' > 'Save As'.
o Choose a location, enter a filename (e.g., "My First Presentation"), and click 'Save'.
Example Exercise:
1. Open PowerPoint.
2. On the title slide, enter "Computer Fundamentals" as the title.
3. Enter your Name as the subtitle.
4. Save the presentation with the filename "Intro Presentation".
Experiment 11: Choosing an Auto Layout for a New Slide
Aim: To add a new slide to a presentation and choose a suitable pre-defined layout for its content.
Procedure:
1. Open your PowerPoint presentation.
2. Go to the 'Home' tab.
3. In the 'Slides' group, click the arrow below the 'New Slide' button.
4. A gallery of slide layouts will appear (e.g., Title and Content, Two Content, Blank).
5. Click on the layout that best fits the content you want to add.
6. The new slide with the selected layout will be added to your presentation.
Example Exercise:
1. Open the "Intro Presentation" file.
2. Add a new slide using the 'Title and Content' layout.
3. On the new slide, enter "Topics Covered" as the title.
Experiment 12: Inserting Text and Pictures into a Slide
Aim: To add textual and visual content to a PowerPoint slide.
Procedure:
1. Navigate to the slide where you want to add content.
2. To add text: Click inside a text placeholder (e.g., "Click to add title") and start typing. If
there's no placeholder, go to the 'Insert' tab and click 'Text Box'.
3. To add a picture:
o Go to the 'Insert' tab.
o Click 'Pictures' to insert an image from your computer.
o Browse to the image file, select it, and click 'Insert'.
o You can then resize and move the picture as needed.
Example Exercise:
1. Use the "Topics Covered" slide from the previous exercise.
2. In the content placeholder, type the following bullet points:
o MS Word
o MS Excel
o MS PowerPoint
3. Insert a picture related to computers onto the same slide, next to the text.
Experiment 13: Inserting New Slides into the Presentation
Aim: To expand a presentation by adding multiple new slides.
Procedure:
1. Open your PowerPoint presentation.
2. On the 'Home' tab, in the 'Slides' group, click the 'New Slide' button. A new slide will be
added immediately after the currently selected slide, using the same layout as the previous
one.
3. To choose a different layout, click the dropdown arrow below the 'New Slide' button and
select a layout.
4. Repeat this process to add as many slides as you need.
Example Exercise:
1. Open the "Intro Presentation" file.
2. Insert three new slides after the "Topics Covered" slide.
3. Use the 'Title and Content' layout for the first new slide.
4. Use the 'Two Content' layout for the second new slide.
5. Use the 'Blank' layout for the third new slide.
Experiment 14: Applying Slide Transition Effects
Aim: To add visual effects that occur when moving from one slide to the next during a slideshow.
Procedure:
1. Select the slide to which you want to apply a transition.
2. Go to the 'Transitions' tab.
3. In the 'Transition to This Slide' group, browse and click on a transition effect (e.g., Fade,
Push, Wipe). A preview will be shown.
4. Customize the Transition:
o Click 'Effect Options' to change the direction of the transition.
o In the 'Timing' group, you can change the duration.
5. To apply the same transition to all slides, click 'Apply to All'.
Example Exercise:
1. Open your "Intro Presentation".
2. Apply the 'Push' transition to the second slide.
3. Apply the 'Fade' transition to the third slide.
4. Apply the 'Wipe' transition to the fourth slide and click 'Apply to All'.
Experiment 15: Demonstrating a Slide Show
Aim: To view the presentation in full-screen mode, as it would be shown to an audience.
Procedure:
1. Open the presentation.
2. There are several ways to start the slide show:
o Press the F5 key on your keyboard to start from the beginning.
o Press Shift + F5 to start from the current slide.
o Go to the 'Slide Show' tab and click 'From Beginning' or 'From Current Slide'.
3. Navigate through the show:
o Click the mouse or press the right arrow key to advance to the next slide/animation.
o Press the left arrow key to go back.
o Press the Esc key to exit the slide show.
Example Exercise:
1. Open your "Intro Presentation".
2. Start the slide show from the beginning by pressing F5.
3. Click through each slide to see the transitions you applied.
4. Exit the slide show.
Experiment 16: Setting Animation to Text and Pictures
Aim: To animate individual objects (like text or pictures) on a slide to make them appear, disappear,
or move.
Procedure:
1. Select the object (e.g., a text box or a picture) that you want to animate.
2. Go to the 'Animations' tab.
3. Click on an animation from the gallery (e.g., Appear, Fly In, Fade).
4. The animation will be applied, and a small number will appear next to the object, indicating
the animation order.
5. You can apply different animations to different objects on the same slide.
Example Exercise:
1. Go to the "Topics Covered" slide in your presentation.
2. Select the bulleted list. Apply the 'Fly In' animation.
3. Select the picture you inserted. Apply the 'Zoom' animation.
4. Start the slide show from the current slide (Shift+F5) to see the animations in action.
Experiment 17: Setting Sounds, Order, and Timing for Animation
Aim: To customize animations by adding sound effects and controlling their sequence and timing.
Procedure:
1. Apply an animation to an object as described in the previous experiment.
2. Go to the 'Animations' tab and click 'Animation Pane' to open it on the right.
3. In the Animation Pane, you can:
o Reorder: Drag animations up or down to change their sequence.
o Timing: Select an animation. In the 'Timing' group on the ribbon, you can set it to
start 'On Click', 'With Previous', or 'After Previous'. You can also set a 'Duration'
and a 'Delay'.
o Sound: In the 'Timing' group, use the 'Sound' dropdown to add a sound effect to the
animation.
Example Exercise:
1. Using the "Topics Covered" slide:
2. Open the Animation Pane.
3. Set the animation for the bulleted list to start 'After Previous'.
4. Set the picture animation to start 'With Previous'.
5. Add the 'Click' sound effect to the picture's animation.
6. Preview the slide to see the changes.
Experiment 18: Creating and Saving a New Workbook in Excel
Aim: To open Microsoft Excel, create a new workbook, and save it.
Procedure:
1. Open MS Excel: Click Start > All Programs > Microsoft Office > Microsoft Excel.
2. A new, blank workbook will open automatically. A workbook consists of one or more
worksheets (tabs at the bottom named Sheet1, Sheet2, etc.).
3. Save the Workbook:
o Click 'File' > 'Save As'.
o Choose a location, enter a filename (e.g., "My First Workbook"), and click 'Save'.
Example Exercise:
1. Open Excel.
2. You will see a grid of cells. Click on cell A1 and type "Monthly Budget".
3. Save the workbook with the filename "Budget Planner".
Experiment 19: Operating Mouse to Select Cells and Groups of Cells
Aim: To become proficient in selecting individual cells, rows, columns, and ranges of cells using the
mouse.
Procedure:
1. Select a Single Cell: Simply click on any cell.
2. Select a Range of Cells: Click on the first cell of the range, hold down the left mouse button,
and drag the cursor to the last cell of the range.
3. Select an Entire Row: Click on the row number on the left side of the worksheet.
4. Select an Entire Column: Click on the column letter at the top of the worksheet.
5. Select the Entire Worksheet: Click the button at the intersection of the row numbers and
column letters (top-left corner).
Example Exercise:
1. Open the "Budget Planner" workbook.
2. Select cell B2.
3. Select the range of cells from A1 to C5.
4. Select all of Row 3.
5. Select all of Column D.
Experiment 20: Entering and Editing Data into a Worksheet
Aim: To practice entering and modifying data within the cells of an Excel worksheet.
Procedure:
1. Entering Data:
o Click on a cell to select it.
o Type your data (text, numbers, or dates).
o Press Enter to move to the cell below or Tab to move to the cell to the right.
2. Editing Data:
o Overwrite: Select the cell and simply start typing new data.
o Modify: Double-click the cell, or select the cell and press the F2 key. This places the
cursor inside the cell, allowing you to edit the existing content. You can also edit the
content in the Formula Bar above the worksheet.
Example Exercise:
1. Open the "Budget Planner" workbook.
2. In cell A2, type "Item". In cell B2, type "Cost".
3. Enter the following data starting in cell A3: | Item | Cost | | :--- | :--- | | Rent | 15000 | | Food |
5000 | | Transport | 1500 |
4. Edit the "Food" item to "Groceries".
5. Change the cost of "Rent" to 16000.
6. Save the workbook.