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Module 4 - Java Methods

The document provides an overview of methods in Java, explaining their purpose, declaration, and types. It details components such as method signature, access specifiers, return types, parameters, and the distinction between predefined and user-defined methods. Additionally, it describes static and instance methods, including accessor and mutator methods.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
12 views22 pages

Module 4 - Java Methods

The document provides an overview of methods in Java, explaining their purpose, declaration, and types. It details components such as method signature, access specifiers, return types, parameters, and the distinction between predefined and user-defined methods. Additionally, it describes static and instance methods, including accessor and mutator methods.

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Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
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JAVA

METHODS
JAVA METHOD
The method in Java is a collection of instructions that performs
a specific task.

It is a block of code or collection of statement or a set of code


grouped together to perform a certain task or operation.

It also provides the easy modification and readability of code,


just by adding or removing a chunk of code.

The method is executed only when we call or invoke it.


HOW TO DECLARE A METHOD

METHOD DECLARATION
HOW TO DECLARE A METHOD

METHOD DECLARATION
Method Signature

Every method has a method signature. It


is a part of the method declaration.
It includes the method name and
parameter list.
Access Specifier/Modifier

Access specifier or modifier is the access


type of the method. It specifies the
visibility of the method.
Java provides four types of access
specifier:
Public: The method is accessible by all classes when we use
public specifier in our application.

Private: When we use a private access specifier, the method is


accessible only in the classes in which it is defined.

Protected: When we use protected access specifier, the method is


accessible within the same package or subclasses in a different
package.

Default: When we do not use any access specifier in the method


declaration, Java uses default access specifier by default. It is
visible only from the same package only.
Return type

Return type is a data type that the


method returns.
It may have a primitive data type, object,
collection, void, etc. If the method does
not return anything, we use void keyword.
Method Name

It is a unique name that is used to define the


name of a method. It must be corresponding
to the functionality of the method. Suppose, if
we are creating a method for subtraction of
two numbers, the method name must be
subtraction().
A method is invoked by its name.
Parameters Lists

It is the list of parameters separated by a


comma and enclosed in the pair of
parentheses. It contains the data type
and variable name. If the method has no
parameter, leave the parentheses blank.
Method Body

It is a part of the method declaration. It


contains all the actions to be performed.
It is enclosed within the pair of curly
braces.
Method Overloading

It is also possible that a method has the


same name as another method name in
the same class, it is known as method
overloading.
Types of Method

There are two types of methods in Java:

•Predefined Method
•User-defined Method
Predefined Methods
In Java, predefined methods are the method that is already
defined in the Java class libraries is known as predefined
methods. It is also known as the standard library method or
built-in method.

We can directly use these methods just by calling


them in the program at any point.
User-defined Method

The method written by the user or programmer


is known as a user-defined method. These methods
are modified according to the requirement.
STATIC METHOD
A method that has static keyword is known as static method. In
other words, a method that belongs to a class rather than an
instance of a class is known as a static method. We can also
create a static method by using the keyword static before the
method name.

The main advantage of a static method is that we can call it


without creating an object. It can access static data members
and also change the value of it. It is used to create an instance
method. It is invoked by using the class name. The best
example of a static method is the main() method.
INSTANCE METHOD

The method of the class is known as an instance method.


It is a non-static method defined in the class. Before
calling or invoking the instance method, it is necessary to
create an object of its class.
Types of Instance Method

There are two types of instance method:


•Accessor Method
•Mutator Method
Mutator Methods
The method(s) read the instance variable(s) and also modify
the values. We can easily identify it because the method is
prefixed with the word set.
It is also known as setters or modifiers.
It does not return anything.
It accepts a parameter of
the same data type that
depends on the field. It is
used to set the value of the
private field.
Accessor Methods
The method(s) that reads the instance variable(s) is known
as the accessor method.

We can easily identify it because the method is prefixed


with the word get. It is also known as
getters.

It returns the value of the private


field. It is used to get the value of the
private field.
THANKYOU

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