1'HOMA RED CELL (RBC) PIPE1, 'E
Consists of:
1. A graduated stem which is divided into 10 parts which
measure the volwue of the blood sample and marked 0.5
at the fifth mark and 1.0 at the tenth mark.
2. A mixing bulb above it containing a red bead which aids
in mixing. The mixing chamber extends from the mark
I to mark 101
Dilutions of I in 200 and 1 in 100 can be obtained.
Uses:
I) RBC count ·
2) Platelet COWll '
3) Very high WBC counts as in leukemia
4) Cell counts on body fluids eg. synovial fluid.
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THOMA W.H lTE CELL (WBC) PIPETTE
Consists o f:
I . A graduated stem which is divided into IO parts which
measure the volume of the blood sample . The fifth and
tenth graduations are marked as 0.5 and 1.0 respectively.
2. A mixing chamber (bulb) above it which is smaller tJ1an
that of t he RBC pipette and contains a white bead, which aids
in mixing . The mixing chamber extends from the mark
1.0 to mark 11 .0
DiJutions of I in 20 and I in I Ocan be obta ined.
Uses:
I ) WBC count
2) Absolute eosinophil cmml
3) Platelet count
4) Counts oo body fluids eg. CSF, semen, synoviaJ fluid,
pleural a nd peritoneal lluid .
DRABKJN'S SOLUTION
(Hb estimation by photoelectric colorimeter method).
PH - 1,.6
Potassium ferricyanide 200 mg.
Potassium cyanide 50 mg.
Distilled water to make 1 Litre.
Converts Hb to Cyanmeth-haemoglobin.
Green filter used 540 nm.
LEISHMAN'S STAIN
COMPOSITION
Leishman's powder 0. 15 gm.
Methyl alcohol (acetone free) 100 ml
Stored for 3 weeks prio r to use.
Leishman' s powder consists of equal quantities of polychromed
Methylene blue ( 1%) and Eosin ' B' (0.1%).
Examples of other Romanowsky stains are:
Giemsa slain
Wright ' s stain
Jenner slain
May - Grunwald 's slain
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Vacu tain e r
- Ste rile gla ss/plastic t ube with a closure t hat is
evacu ated to creat e a vacuu m in side t o facili tate
draw ing pre dete rmine d samp le of blood
- May conta in addit ives, antic oagu lants , avail able with
or witho ut safet y-eng ineer ed closu re, vario us colou red
-code d pla stic cap,s
Ade quat e patie nt prepa ratio n , spe cime n colle ction
and hand ling are a must , corre ct labelling and
mult idraw ing
Ma rkete d by Becton, Di ckin son & Con1 pany
f ANTI COAG ULA NT- r USE 7
COLO UR CODE
I Purp le -
- EDTA (Kz) CBC+ bloo d filn1s 1
/ Lave nder_g>p J
Ligh t blue top 3.2% s odiu m Coag ulati on studi e.s
citra te (PT, aPTT ) _
[ Ye!_!o ,~ _ _, Ge!_ _ _ _ Clini cal bioc hem istry
caiQ ~ r;aLu1:: Sodiu1n citra te ESR
No addi tives , Abs, for serun 1
I Red
cont ain s clot bioch en1is try, body
activato r fluid s
I Grey Sod iu n1 fluor ide Gluc ose
and disodiu111
oxal ate -
Gree n Sodiu n1 h epa
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rin ~Cyt ogen etics , osmo tic I
j Ifra gi li ty
SAHLI TUBE
It is a thin walled rimmed tube, graduated to read out haemoglobin
in Grams percent (0 %) as weU as percentage.
Use - For the estimation of HAEMOGLOBIN.
Differences. between Sahli tube and Wintrobe tube :
Wintrobe tube Sahli tube
1. It is a rimless tube 1. It has a rim
2. The bore is smaller than 2. The bore is larger than
Sahli tube Wintrobe tube
3 . The wall of the tube is 3. The wall is thin
thick
4. Graduated 0 to 10 in 4. Graduated on one side
reverse order for reading in % and on the other side
PCV andESR. inG%.
SAHLI PIP.£ rl'E
l. Used for dnwlll(t. out 20 m1crolitn:s of blood for:
i) liaeoaoglobin ~ o n
11) Ccll counts <WOC. RBC, Platelets)
by bulk ddutaoo medlods
LI . For any flwd C)10logy (cell COW!l) lb'tllQ bulk dilution method.
It 1s a pipctte, without any bulb aod graduated at 20 microLitres.
DEPTH ''iEuBAUck
0,1 mm ,...,c,'o-n!G
..!.. -' mm 2 dcrwl-Je
II 400
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Made in
FEl!I.; -:" (
GDR BL.A NK:~ ii G
NEUBAUER COUNTING CHAMBER
I. Used in Hemocytometry
- for RBC, WBC. Platelet counts.
- for Absolute Eosinophil count.
2. Used for cell count in body fluids.
- C.S.F.
- Pleural, peritoneal, pericardial and synovial fluids.
- Sperm cow1t (Seminal fluid analysis).
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WESTERGREN TUBE
Description: Length 30 ems (300 mm). Internal diameter 2.5 mm.
Both the ends of the tube are open.
~w
[t is calibrated in mms from 0 to 200
Uses: For detennination of Erythrocyte sedimentation rate ( E.S.R)1 § 14!
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WINTROBE TUBE
Description:
This measures approximately. 3 mm in internal diameter,
about 110 mm ( 11 ems) in length, calibrated at l mm intervals to
100 divisions on either side in the reverse order - 0 to 10
10 to 0
Uses
Detennination of PCY. Along with PCV, plasma colour can
be studied eg: Hyperlip1demia Jaundice.
t,L,l.b - I (..l.'- Jc.t.f>U C
2. Buffy coat: for preparing smears in cases o f le ukaemia..
leucopenia.. for study of LE cehs.
3 For determination ofE. S. R.
CAPI
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IQ MM Lf~
QTv. : 100
CAPILLARY TUBE
Description: Length - 75 mm
lntemaJ diameter - l mm
Can be obtained plain or coated inside with Heparin.
Uses: I. Plain - Used in clotting time and microhaematocrit,
using anticoagulated blood.
2. Heparinized are used in microhaematocrit estimation,
using capillary blood.
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~.\ L,\11 BO~E 1\ 1.\RR()W PUNCTURE NEEDt.,E
1h~ n~\.·dlc ,~ ~hort and sloul, has a we ll fitting stilette nod
,lll ._1J 1u'\t,lble guard.
LUMBAR PUNCTURE NEE-DLE
It is a long needle with a well fitting stilette.