Trading Basics – Simple Notes
What is Trading?
Trading means buying and selling things like stocks, crypto, or commodities to make profit from
price changes.
BUY and SELL (Simple)
BUY: You purchase at a low price and sell later at a higher price to make profit. SELL: You sell first
(when price is high) and buy later (when price is low) — this is short selling.
Short Selling
Short selling means earning when price falls. You sell at a high price first, then buy back at a lower
price. Example: Sell at 100, buy at 80 -> profit 20.
Trend
Trend is the overall direction of price movement. Uptrend: price making higher highs. Downtrend:
price making lower lows. Sideways: price moving in a range.
Support and Resistance
Support: price level where market stops falling and may bounce up. Resistance: price level where
market stops rising and may fall down.
Risk-Reward Ratio
Risk-reward ratio compares how much you can lose vs gain in a trade. Good trading uses at least
1:2 (risk 1 to gain 2).
Leverage
Leverage means trading with borrowed money to control bigger positions. It increases profit
potential but also increases loss risk. Beginners often lose due to high leverage.
Why Beginners Lose Money
1. Over-leverage 2. No stop-loss 3. Emotional trading 4. No strategy 5. Overtrading
How Beginners Should Start Safely
1. Learn basics first 2. Use demo trading 3. Trade small capital 4. Always use stop-loss 5. Follow
trend 6. Focus on risk control
Profit When Price Falls
Yes. With short selling, traders can profit when market goes down.