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Chapter 8 - String Handling

String manipulation involves techniques to modify, analyze, or extract information from strings, including case conversion, length calculation, and substring extraction. Case conversion allows changing string cases, while length calculation counts characters, and substring extraction uses slicing to obtain specific character sequences. The document provides pseudocode and Python examples for each string manipulation technique.

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3 views3 pages

Chapter 8 - String Handling

String manipulation involves techniques to modify, analyze, or extract information from strings, including case conversion, length calculation, and substring extraction. Case conversion allows changing string cases, while length calculation counts characters, and substring extraction uses slicing to obtain specific character sequences. The document provides pseudocode and Python examples for each string manipulation technique.

Uploaded by

chifokoyol
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

String Handling

What is string manipulation?


String manipulation is the use of programming techniques to modify, analyse or extract
information from a string

• Case conversion (modify)


• Length (analyse)
• Substrings (extract)

Case conversion

The ability to change a string from one case to another, for example, lower case to upper case

Function Pseudocode Python Output

Uppercase Name ← "Sarah" Name = "Sarah" "SARAH"


OUTPUT UCASE(Name) print([Link]())

Lowercase Name ← "SARAH" Name = "SARAH" "sarah"


OUTPUT LCASE(Name) print([Link]())

Length
The ability to count the number of characters in a string, for example, checking a
password meets the minimum requirement of 8 characters
Pseudocode Python Output

Password ← "letmein" Password = "letmein" 7


OUTPUT LENGTH(Password) print(len(Password))

Password ← "letmein" Password = "letmein" if "Password too short"


IF LENGTH(Password) >= 8 len(Password) >= 8:
THEN print("Password accepted")
OUTPUT "Password accepted" else: print("Password too short")
ELSE
OUTPUT "Password too short"
ENDIF
Substring
The ability to extract a sequence of characters from a larger string in order to be used by
another function in the program, for example, data validation or combining it with other strings
Extracting substrings is performed using 'slicing', using specific start and end to slice out
the desired characters

Substring has a start position of 1 in pseudocode and 0 in Python

Pseudocode Python Output

Word ← "Revision" Word = "Revision" "Rev"


OUTPUT SUBSTRING(Word, 1, 3) print(Word[0:2])

Word ← "Revision" Word = "Revision" "visi"


OUTPUT SUBSTRING(Word, 3, 6) print(Word[2:5])

Worked Example
The function Length(x) finds the length of a string x. The function substring(x,y,z) finds a substring of x

starting at position y and z characters long. The first character in x is in position 1.

Write pseudocode statements to:

• Store the string “Save my exams” in x


• Find the length of the string and output it
• Extract the word exams from the string and output it [6]

Answer
X ← "Save my exams"

# [1] for storing string in X

OUTPUT LENGTH(X)

# [1] for calling the function length. [1] for using the correct parameter X

Y←9

Z←5

OUTPUT SUBSTRING(X,Y,Z)

# [1] for using the substring function.

# [1] for correct parameters

# [1] for outputting length and substring return values

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