English
Conjunction
Lecture No.- 02 Bhragu Kulshrestha Sir
Topics to be Covered
Topic Conjunction and its uses
Topic
Slide
Topic : Conjunction
Conjunction
1. You will not succeed ___ you work hard.
A) unless
B) until
C) though
D) if
Answer: A) unless
Conjunction
I waited ___ the train arrived.
A) unless
B) until
C) if
D) when
Answer: B) until
Conjunction
You can’t go out ___ you finish your homework.
A) until
B) unless
C) though
D) because
Answer: B) unless
Conjunction
He won’t pass ___ he studies seriously.
A) unless
B) until
C) though
D) even if
Answer: A) unless
Conjunction
I won't forgive you ___ you tell me the truth.
A) unless
B) until
C) even if
D) though
Answer: A) unless
Conjunction
Lest(ताकि नह /ीं िह ीं ऐसा ना हो ि ) is followed by ‘Should’
• Vikarm fled lest he should be killed.
• Work hard lest you should fail.
Conjunction
• Doubt/doubtful
• I doubt that he will come to the party or not
• I don’t doubt that he will come to the party.
Conjunction
I doubt ___ he will come on time.
A) that
B) whether
C) though
D) when
Answer: B) whether
Conjunction
I don’t doubt ___ he will succeed.
A) that
B) whether
C) if
D) though
Answer: A) that
Conjunction
‘That’ shows conclusion or result hence it should not be used in the
following conditions.
A. After the verb ‘Ask’-
I asked him that he will help me.
B. Before Wh- word-
Let me know that where the post office is.
Conjunction
Such…….. As (General Sense)
Such……..That (Conclusion)
Such was her expression as had been expected.
Such was her expression that everyone disliked her.
Conjunction
Co-relative conjunction: Conjunctions are generally used in pairs.
• Either…..Or
• Neither….. Nor
• Not only….. But also/ as well
• Whether….. Or
• Hardly/barely/scarcely…. When
• No sooner….. Than etc.
Conjunction
➢ Either Dev or his brother went to the party.
➢ Either Dev or his brother did not go to the party.
➢ Both Dev and his brother went to the party.
➢ Both Dev and his brother did not go to the party.
Conjunction
• Either my students may offer English or Mathematics
• My Students may offer Either English or Mathematics.
• Not only Dams save water but also produce electricity
• Dams not only save water but also produce electricity.
Either – or, neither--- nor, not only --- but also follow the parallelism
Conjunction
• Rule of Inversion
Conjunction
• After Negative Adverbials or Expressions:
• Used to add emphasis.
• These trigger inversion at the beginning of a sentence.
• Never
• Rarely
• Hardly
• No sooner... Than
• Not only... but also
• Seldom
• Scarcely
• Little
Conjunction
Examples:
Never have I seen such courage.
Hardly had he reached the station when the train left.
No sooner had she stepped out than it started raining.
Not only did he win the race, but he also broke the record.
Little did I know about his plan.
Conjunction
After “Neither” / “Nor”:
Used to agree with a negative statement
I don't like coffee. — Neither do I.
She didn't attend the meeting. — Nor did he.
Conjunction
• Hardly/barely/scarcely ----------------------When
• Hardly had I started learning properly when my friends called upon
Hardly/barely/scarcely + HV + Sub ……. When
• Follow the Rule of Inversion
Conjunction
• No sooner------------------------------------than
No sooner is followed by than and follow the rule of inversion
No sooner had I opened the door than he came in.
Error Detection
He is both intelligent as well as hard-working. (Spot the error)
a. - Both
b. - Intelligent
c. - As well as
d. - No error
Answer: C) As well as (should be "and")
Improvement
• Either you leave now or you are waiting here until evening.
a. - Either leave now or wait here until evening
b. - Either leave now or waits here
c. - Either left now or waited here
d. - No improvement
Answer: A) Either leave now or wait here until evening
Improvement
• - Unless you will apologize, he will not forgive you.
a. - Unless you apologize, he will not forgive you
b. - Unless you apologized, he will not forgive you
c. - Unless you would apologize, he will not forgive you
d. - No improvement
• Answer: A) Unless you apologize, he will not forgive you
Fill in the blank
• - ______ he was tired, he kept working.
a. - Although
b. - While
c. - Because
d. - But
• Answer: A) Although
Fill in the blank
• - ______ he is my friend, I trust him completely.
a. - Because
b. - Though
c. - If
d. - Unless
• Answer: A) Because
Error Detection
• This match is amazing (a) and the previous one (b) was boring (c)
No error (d)
Answer is B
Error Detection
• The lawyer asked me where (a) had I kept my clothes before
taking (b) a dip into the river. (c) No error (d)
Answer is B
Error Detection
• he has invested not only (a) in share market (b) but also in various
policies. (c) No error (d)
Answer is d
Error Detection
• If you work for (a) 12 hours a day, then you (b) will be promoted
very soon. (c) No error (d)
Answer is B
Error Detection
• Swapnil will (a) either do the work (b) else return the money. (c)
No error (d)
Answer is C, or
Error Detection
• Hardly Had I left (a) the house while it began (b) to rain. (c) No
error (d)
Answer is B
Error Detection
• Although the presentation attracted the attention (a) of all
delegates at the seminar (b) yet the director continued criticizing
the environment. (c) No error (d)
Answer is D,
Error Detection
• I can’t confirm you (a) if sharleen has paid the bill or (b) returned
the goods. (c) No error (d)
Answer is B
Error Detection
• I would rather (a) buy a bike (b) but also a mobile. (c) No error (d)
Answer is C
Error Detection
• Such was her explanation (a) as I could not (b) understand her (c)
No error (d)
Answer is Such is followed by ‘that’
Error Detection
• There was much disturbance (a) both in Russia (b) as well as in
Ukraine. (c) No error (d)
Answer is C
Error Detection
• It is difficult to know (a) whether (b) Kalyan is selected or not (c)
No error (d)
Answer is D
Error Detection
• I wonder (a) that government will (b) approve my project or not. (c)
No error (d)
Answer is B, use whether in place of That
Error Detection
• Seldom or ever (a) he has reached office (b) on time despite many
warnings. (c) No error (d)
Answer is A. seldom or never/seldom if ever
Error Detection
• It was generally doubted that (a) India would permit (b) the use of
her soil. (c) No error (d)
Answer is A
Error Detection
• The plays of Shakespeare are not only studied (a) in European
Countries but also in (b) the oriental countries. (c) No error (d)
Answer is A
2 mins Summary
Topic
Topic
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THANK - YOU
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