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SAMPLE QUESTION PAPER-1
SOCIAL SCIENCE
Time allowed: 3 hours Maximum Marks: 80

NOTE:
(i) Please check that this question paper contains 37 questions.
(ii) Please write down the Serial Number of the question in the answer-book before attempting it.
(iii) 15 minutes time has been allotted to read this question paper. The students will read the question paper only and will not
write any answer on the answer-book during this period.

General Instructions:
Read the following instructions carefully and follow them:
(i) Question paper comprises Six Sections – A, B, C, D, E and F. There are 37 questions in the question paper. All questions
are compulsory.

(ii) Section A – Question no. 1 to 20 are Multiple Choice Questions. Each question carries 1 mark.

(iii) Section B – Question no. 21 to 24 are Very Short Answer Type Questions, carrying 2 marks each. Answer to each question
should not exceed 40 words.

(iv) Section C – Question no. 25 to 29 are Short Answer Type Questions, carrying 3 marks each. Answer to each question should
not exceed 60 words

(v) Section D – Question no. 30 to 33 are long answer type questions, carrying 5 marks each. Answer to each question should
not exceed 120 words.

(vi) Section-E - Questions no. 34 to 36 are case based questions with three sub questions and are of 4 marks each

(vii) Section F – Question no. 37 is map based, carrying 5 marks with two parts, 37(a) from History (2 marks) and 37(b) from
Geography (3 marks).

(viii) There is no overall choice in the question paper. However, an internal choice has been provided in few questions. Only one
of the choices in such questions have to be attempted.
 SECTION - A
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS (20 × 1 = 20)
1. The National Assembly of France voted in April 1792, to declare war against ________. 1
(a) Britain and Germany (b) Prussia and Austria (c) Italy and Germany (d) Russia and Prussia
2. In the question given below, there are two statements marked as Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Read the statements and choose
the correct option:
Assertion (A): In Pakistan, General Pervez Musharraf overthrew a democratically elected government and declared himself
the ‘Chief Executive’ of the country.
Reason (R): In a democracy the final decision-making power must rest with those elected by the people.  1
(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but Reason (R) is true.
3. Match the following Column-I (Leaders) with Column-II (their roles in the making of the Constitution): 1
Column-I Column-II
(Leaders) (Role)

A Motilal Nehru I President of the Constituent Assembly

B B.R. Ambedkar II Member of the Constituent Assembly
C Rajendra Prasad III Chairman of the Drafting Committee
D Sarojini Naidu IV Prepared a Constitution for India in 1928

Options:
(a) A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV (b) A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I
(c) A-IV, B-III, C-I, D-II (d) A-III, B-II, C-I, D-IV
4. There are 40 villages in a district where the government has made no provision for drinking water. These villagers met and
considered many methods of forcing the government to respond to their need. Which of these is not a democratic method? 1
(a) Filing a case in the courts claiming that water is part of right to life.
(b) Boycotting the next elections to give a message to all parties.
(c) Organising public meetings against government’s policies.
(d) Paying money to government officials to get water.
5. What was the elected Consultative Parliament in Russia called?  1
(a) The Duma (b) The Lok Sabha (c) The Congress (d) The Senate
6. The total population of the Raju’s village is 10000. During the year 2020, the total live birth in the village is 50. What is the
birth rate of Raju’s village in 2020?  1
(a) 50 (b) 10 (c) 4 (d) 5
7. Which of these is a provision that a democratic constitution does not have?  1
(a) Powers of the head of the state (b) Name of the head of the state
(c) Powers of the legislature (d) Name of the country
8. Which of these is not a valid reason for arguing that there is a lesser possibility of famine in a democratic country? 1
(a) Opposition parties can draw attention to hunger and starvation.
(b) Free press can report suffering from famine in different parts of the country.
(c) Government fears its defeat in the next elections.
(d) People are free to believe in and practise any religion.
9. Annapurna Yojana is related to which of the following?  1
(a) Disaster (b) Housing (c) Education (d) Food

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10. Which document significantly influenced the drafting of the Indian Constitution?  1
(a) The American Declaration of Independence (b) The French Constitution
(c) The Government of India Act, 1935 (d) The Magna Carta
11. What was the name of the war veteran organisation through which the Weimar Republic crushed the uprising?  1
(a) The Free Corps (b) The Corps Free (c) The Corps (d) Revolutionaries
12. The monsoon winds in India are influenced by which ocean?  1
(a) The Atlantic Ocean (b) The Indian Ocean (c) The Pacific Ocean (d) The Arctic Ocean
13. When did the Constituent Assembly of India adopt the Constitution? 1
(a) 15 August 1947 (b) 26 November 1949 (c) 26 January 1950 (d) 2 October 1948
14. The river Ganga originates from:  1
(a) Gangotri Glacier (b) Kanchenjunga (c) Western Ghats (d) Nilgiri Hills
15. Unemployment leads to wastage of what type of resources?  1
(a) Natural resources (b) Artificial resources
(c) Human resources (d) Renewable resources
16. Who led the ‘Nyaya Yudh’? 1
(a) Bhimrao Ambedkar (b) Chaudhary Devi Lal (c) Dr. Rajendra Prasad (d) Motilal Nehru
17. In the question given below, there are two statements marked as Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Read the statements and
choose the correct option: 1
Assertion (A): The Nuremberg Tribunal sentenced only eleven Nazis to death. Many others were imprisoned for life.
Reason (R): The punishment of the Nazis was far short of the brutality and extent of their crimes.
(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but Reason (R) is true.
18. Match Column-I (Year) with Column-II (Significance): 1
Column-I Column-II
(Year) (Significance)
A 1999 I General Pervez Musharraf led a military coup
B 1930 II Mexico got its independence

C 2015 III Until this year, Saudi Arabia women did not have the right to vote.
D 1980 IV Zimbabwe attained independence from White minority rule

Options:
(a) A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV (b) A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III
(c) A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II (d) A-IV, B-II, C-III, D-I
19. In the question given below, there are two statements marked as Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Read the statements and
choose the correct option: 1
Assertion (A): Tapi is a seasonal river.
Reason (R): Tapi is a himalayan river.
(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but Reason (R) is true.

Sample Question Paper-1 145

 20. In the question given below, there are two statements marked as Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Read the statements and
choose the correct option: 
Assertion (A): Seasonal unemployment is found in the agricultural sector.
Reason (R): Rate of educated unemployment is high in rural areas.  1
(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but Reason (R) is true.
SECTION - B
VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (4 × 2 = 8)
21. (A) What was the Dawes Plan? 2
OR
(B) What was the ideology of the Nazis regarding the Jews? 2
22. Name two factors that influence the climate of India.  2
23. Describe briefly two main reasons for poverty in India. 2
24. Why buffer stock is created by the government? 2

SECTION - C
SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (5 × 3 = 15)
25. How did the Nazis demonstrate support for Hitler? 3

26. Describe the characteristics of the Ganga-Brahmaputra River system and its role in the agriculture and economy of the region. 3
27. Discuss why elections are essential in a representative democracy. Provide examples to support your answer. 3
28. What is Mid-day meal scheme? Explain any two purposes of this scheme. 3
29. (A) Discuss the key differences between the Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha in the Indian Parliament. 3
OR
(B) What is the role of the Parliament in India’s democracy? 3

SECTION - D
LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS (4 × 5 = 20)
30. (A) Describe the incident which took place in the morning of 14th July 1789 in France. 5
OR
(B) Discuss why Nazism became popular in Germany by 1930. 5
31. (A) Explain the significance of the Right to Equality in the Indian Constitution. What specific provisions are included under
this right? 5
OR
(B) Describe the significance of the Right to Constitutional Remedies in the Indian Constitution.  5
32. (A) Describe the features and significance of the Western and Eastern Himalayas in India.  5
OR
(B) Explain the features of Northern plains in India.  5
33. (A) Explain the role of Public Distribution System (PDS) in food security. 5
OR
(B) What is FCI? Write any four functions of FCI. 5

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 SECTION - E
CASE BASED/SOURCE BASED QUESTIONS (3 × 4 = 12)
34. Read the passage and answer the following questions:
The year 1904 was a particularly bad one for Russian workers. Prices of essential goods rose so quickly that real wages
declined by 20 per cent. The membership of workers’ associations increased dramatically. When four members of the
Assembly of Russian Workers, which had been formed in 1904, were dismissed at the Putilov Iron Works, there was a call
for industrial action. Over the next few days over 1,10,000 workers in St. Petersburg went on strike demanding a reduction in
the working day to eight hours, an increase in wages and improvement in working conditions. When the procession of workers
led by Father Gapon reached the Winter Palace it was attacked by the police and the Cossacks. Over 100 workers were
killed and about 300 wounded. The incident, known as Bloody Sunday, started a series of events that became known as the
1905 Revolution. Strikes took place all over the country and universities closed down when student bodies staged walkouts,
complaining about the lack of civil liberties. Lawyers, doctors, engineers and other middle- class workers established the
Union of Unions and demanded a constituent assembly.
(i) What percentage of Russian workers’ real salaries decreased in 1904? 1
(ii) What was the demand of the workers on strike at St. Petersburg? 1
(iii) List a few sequences of events that occurred in the Revolution of 1905. 2
35. Read the passage and answer the following questions:
Besides the longitudinal divisions, the Himalayas have been divided on the basis of regions from west to east. These divisions
have been demarcated by river valleys. For example, the part of Himalayas lying between the Indus and Satluj has been
traditionally known as Punjab Himalaya but it is also known regionally as Kashmir and Himachal Himalaya from west to
east respectively. The part of the Himalayas lying between Satluj and Kali rivers is known as Kumaon Himalayas. The Kali
and Teesta rivers demarcate the Nepal Himalayas and the part lying between Tista and Dihang rivers is known as Assam
Himalayas.
(i) Name the Himalaya present between the Teesta and the Kali River. 1
(ii) Between which two rivers is the Kumaon Himalaya located? 1
(iii) Describe the Himalaya present between the river Satluj and the indus.  2
36. Read the passage and Answer the following questions:
The various activities have been classified into three main sectors i.e., primary, secondary and tertiary. Primary sector includes
agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, fishing, poultry farming, mining and quarrying. Manufacturing is included in the
secondary sector. Trade, transport, communication, banking, education, health, tourism, services, insurance, etc. are included
in the tertiary sector. The activities in this sector result in the production of goods and services. These activities add value to
the national income. These activities are called economic activities. Economic activities have two parts — market activities
and non-market activities. Market activities involve remuneration to anyone who performs i.e., activity performed for pay or
profit. These include production of goods or services, including government service. Non-market activities are the production
for self-consumption. These can be consumption and processing of primary product and own account production of fixed
assets.
(i) What are economic activities? 1
(ii) Why is the tertiary sector also known as the service sector? 1
(iii) Differentiate between market activities and non-market activities. 2
SECTION - F
MAP SKILL BASED QUESTIONS (2 + 3 = 5)
37. (A) In the given outline map of the world, two features are marked. These are the countries that were Allied in the First World
War. Identify them. 2
(i) An Allied Power
(ii) An Allied Power

Sample Question Paper-1 147

 (ii) (i)

(B) Locate and label Any three of the following on the political map of India. 3
(i) Telangana (ii) Anai Mudi (iii) Assam (iv) Wular Lake

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 EXPLANATIONS
1. (b) 
The National Assembly voted in April 1792 to 11. (a) The Free Corps was a war veterans organisation
declare war against Prussia and Austria. Thousands which helped the Weimar Republic to crush the
of volunteers thronged from the provinces to join the uprising of the workers or socialists. (1 M)
army. (1 M) 12. (b) T
 he monsoon winds in India are primarily influenced
2. (b) 
Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, by the Indian Ocean. During the summer, the low-
but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of pressure area over the interior of Asia causes air to
Assertion (A). (1 M) move from the high-pressure area over the southern
Indian Ocean, resulting in the Southwest Monsoon
3. (c) A-IV, B-III, C-I, D-II (1 M) winds, which bring widespread rainfall to India. (1 M)
4. (d) P
 aying money to government officials is not
13. (b) 
The Indian Constitution was adopted by the
democratic because it’s a bribe, which is illegal
Constituent Assembly on 26 November 1949, and it
and unfair. The other actions, like going to court, came into effect on 26 January 1950. (1 M)
boycotting elections, or holding public meetings, are
democratic ways to make the government listen and 14. (a) The headwaters of the Ganga, called the ‘Bhagirathi’,
take action. (1 M) are fed by the Gangotri Glacier in the Himalayas.
The river then flows down to the plains of northern
5. (a) Duma is an elected consultative Parliament which India. (1 M)
was created as a result of the 1905 Revolution. (1 M)
15. (c) 
Unemployment leads to the wastage of human
Number of Live Births resources. When people who are capable of working
6. (d) Birth Rate = × 1000
Total Population are unemployed, their skills, talents, and potential
Given,
go unused, which is a loss for both the individual
Total Population = 10,000 and the economy.  (1 M)
Number of live births = 50
16. (b) Chaudhary Devi Lal led the ‘Nyaya Yudh’ (Struggle
50 for Justice) in Haryana. He formed a new party
Birth Rate = × 1000 = 5 (1 M)
10, 000 called Lok Dal and led a movement against the
7. (b) 
A democratic constitution typically outlines the
ruling Congress party, promising to waive the loans
powers and functions of different branches of of farmers and small businessmen if he won the
government, name of the country, and the rights of election. (1 M)
citizens, but it does not specify the name of the head
of state as this position is subject to change through 17. (b) The Allies did not want to be as harsh on defeated
elections or appointments. (1 M) Germany as they had been after them First World
War. (1 M)
8. (d) In a democracy, famines are less likely because the
government and media can speak out about issues, 18. (a) A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV  (1 M)
and the government fears losing elections if they 19. (c) The Tapi river is indeed a seasonal river, meaning
don’t act. But practicing religion freely doesn’t its flow varies significantly with the seasons, often
directly affect whether a government responds to a drying up during certain times of the year. However,
famine. (1 M) the reason provided is incorrect because the Tapi
river is not a Himalayan River; it is a peninsular
9. (d) The Annapurna Yojana is a government scheme in river that flows through central India​. (1 M)
India that provides free food to senior citizens who
are not covered under the National Old Age Pension 20. (c) Seasonal unemployment occurs when people are
employed only during certain seasons and are
Scheme and are eligible for pensions. The scheme
unemployed during the off-season. This is common
aims to ensure food security for the elderly by in the agricultural sector. The reason is incorrect.
offering them 10 kg of food grains per month at no While educated unemployment is a significant issue,
cost.  (1 M) it is more prevalent in urban areas rather than rural
10. (c) T
 he Government of India Act, 1935, was a significant ones, where the availability of jobs for educated
influence on the drafting of the Indian Constitution. individuals is limited. (1 M)
It provided a detailed framework that the Constituent 21. (A) The Dawes Plan temporarily resolved the issue of
Assembly used as a reference while shaping India’s the reparations that Germany owed to the Allies of
democratic and institutional structures (1 M) World War I. Enacted in 1924, it ended the crisis

Sample Question Paper-1 149

 in European diplomacy that occurred after French (ii) The red banners with the Swastika, the Nazi salute
and Belgian troops occupied the Ruhr in response to and the ritualised rounds of applause after the
Germany’s failure to meet its reparations obligations. speeches were all part of this spectacle of power.
 (2 M)  (1 M)
OR (iii) 
Nazi propaganda skilfully projected Hitler as a
(B) The ideology of the Nazis regarding the Jews were: Messiah, a Saviour, as someone who had arrived to
(i) Nazism led to the purification and cleansing of all deliver people from their distress. (1 M)
schools; hose teachers were dismissed who were 26. Characteristics and role of the Ganga-Brahmaputra River
found to be Jews or seen as politically unreliable. system:
 (1 M) (i)  Characteristics: The Ganga-Brahmaputra system
(ii) All the undesirable children—Jews, Gypsies, and forms the world’s largest delta, the Sundarbans,
the physically handicapped were dismissed from supporting diverse flora and fauna, including the
schools and Finally were taken to gas chambers in Royal Bengal Tiger​. (1 M)​
the 1940s.  (1 M) (ii)  Agriculture: Fertile alluvial soil deposited by these
rivers enhances agricultural productivity, supporting
22. Factors influencing the climate of India are:
crops like rice, wheat, and sugarcane​. (1 M)​
(i) Latitude: The Tropic of Cancer divides India
(iii) Economy: Provides water for irrigation,
into tropical and subtropical zones, affecting the
solar energy received and resulting in varying transportation routes, and hydropower generation,
temperatures across the country. (1 M)​ significantly contributing to regional economic
activities and livelihoods​. (1 M)​
Altitude: Higher altitudes have cooler temperatures
(ii)  27. The elections are essential in a representative democracy
due to lower atmospheric pressure, as seen in the due to the following reasons: (Any three)
Himalayan region, which prevents cold Central
(i) Peaceful Transition of Power: Instead of having
Asian winds from entering India, resulting in milder
winters. (1 M)​ conflicts or wars over who should govern, elections
provide a structured and peaceful way to change
23. The two main reasons for poverty in India are: leaders.  (1 M)
(i) Unemployment: Lack of job opportunities contributes (ii) Accountability: Elections ensure that leaders are
to poverty by limiting income sources for many accountable to the people. If the leaders do not
individuals. (1 M) perform well or fulfill their promises, citizens can
Low Agricultural Productivity: Inefficiencies in
(ii)  choose new leaders in the next election. (1 M)
agriculture, such as outdated farming techniques (iii) Upholding Democratic Principles: Elections
and lack of resources, lead to lower incomes for
strengthen democracy by letting people choose
farmers.  (1 M)
their leaders. In India, elections help ensure that
24. The government creates a buffer stock to store extra food representatives at national, state, and local levels are
grains, like rice and wheat. This helps to make sure there chosen fairly, which builds trust and transparency in
is enough food available during times of shortage, keeps the system. (1 M)
prices stable, and ensures that people can buy food even (iv)  Policy Changes: Elections can lead to changes in
in difficult times.  (2 M)
government policies. For example, if a new party
wins the election, they may implement different
policies than the previous government, which can
Mistakes 101: What not to do! lead to significant changes in the country.(1M)
•  tudents might explain buffer stock creation only in
S 28. The Mid-day Meal Scheme is a program by the Indian
terms of food storage, without mentioning its role government that provides free food to students in
in price stabilization and ensuring food availability government and government-aided schools. (1 M)
during shortages. Two Purposes of the Scheme:
(i) Improving Health: The scheme provides healthy
• Another common mistake is not explaining how meals to children, which helps them grow better and
buffer stock directly benefits the population during stay healthy. It is especially important for children
difficult times. who might not get enough nutritious food at home.
 (1 M)
25. The Nazis demonstrated their support for Hitler through (ii) Encouraging attendance in school: By giving free
various means: meals, the scheme encourages more children to attend
(i) The Nazis held massive rallies and public meetings school regularly. This helps increase the number of
to demonstrate the support for Hitler and instil the children going to school and decreases the number
sense of unity among the people. (1 M) of students dropping out. (1 M)

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 (iii) Budget Approval: Parliament controls the nation’s
money. It approves how the government plans
Mistakes 101: What not to do! to spend public funds and ensures that it is spent
properly. (1 M)
• Students might describe the Mid-day Meal Scheme
too generally, without emphasizing its specific 30. (A) Incident of 14th July 1789:
purposes like improving health and increasing (i) Paris in Alarm: On the morning of 14th July 1789,
school attendance. Paris was filled with alarm as rumors spread that
• Another mistake is failing to explain how these the king might order troops to fire upon the citizens.
purposes directly benefit students and contribute to  (1 M)
broader educational and social outcomes. (ii) Gathering of People: Around 7,000 men and women
gathered in front of the town hall to form a people’s
29. (A) T
 he key differences between the Lok Sabha and Rajya militia. (1 M)
Sabha in the Indian Parliament are as follows: (iii) Search for Arms: The crowd broke into several
 (Each point carries 1 M) government buildings to find weapons. (1 M)
(iv)  Storming the Bastille: A group of hundreds marched
Aspect Lok Sabha Rajya Sabha to the Bastille, a fortress-prison, believing it held
(i) Composition Maximum Maximum ammunition. The fortress symbolized the despotic
550 members 250 members, power of the king. (1 M)
(as per 104th current strength (v)  Violence and Aftermath: In the ensuing conflict, the
Constitutional 245 member, Bastille’s commander was killed, and the prisoners
Amendment Act, elected by state (only seven) were released. The fortress was then
2019), current legislatures. demolished, and its stones were sold as souvenirs.
strength 543  (1 M)
members, directly OR
elected by the
people. (B) Popularity of Nazism in Germany by 1930:
(ii) Term 5 years unless Permanent body; (i) Economic Distress: The Great Depression left
dissolved earlier. one-third of millions unemployed and impoverished, creating a
members retire fertile ground for radical ideologies. Hitler promised
every two years; economic recovery, jobs, and stability. (1 M)
members serve a (ii) Political Instability: Frequent changes in government,
six-year term. ineffective coalitions, and the failure of the Weimar
(iii) Powers More powerful, Less power Republic to address issues led to disillusionment with
especially in in financial democracy. (1 M)
financial matters matters; can only (iii) Charismatic Leadership: Adolf Hitler’s oratory
and controlling delay money skills, propaganda, and promise of restoring national
the Council of bills; has limited pride resonated with many Germans. His narrative of
Ministers. control over the a strong, unified Germany appealed to those feeling
executive. humiliated after World War I. (1 M)
(iv)  Fear of Communism: The rise of communism in
OR Europe led to fear among the middle class and elites.
(B) P arliament plays a very crucial role in indian The Nazi Party presented itself as a bulwark against
democracy. This can be understood with the help of communism, gaining support from industrialists and
following examples: conservatives. (1 M)
(i) Law-Making: The Parliament makes, changes, or (v)  Anti-Semitic and Nationalist Propaganda: The
removes laws to govern the country. It is the main Nazis effectively used propaganda to scapegoat Jews
body for creating rules that everyone must follow. and other minorities, promoting a narrative of Aryan
 (1 M) superiority and national revival. (1 M)
(ii) Government Oversight: It monitors the government’s 31. (A) S ignificance of Right to Equality: The Right
actions to ensure they follow the law and serve the to Equality is a fundamental pillar in the Indian
public’s interest. Parliament can question and debate Constitution, ensuring that all citizens are treated
government decisions. (1 M) equally under the law. This right prohibits

Sample Question Paper-1 151

 discrimination based on religion, race, caste, sex, Himachal, and Kumaon regions. They feature high
or place of birth, thus fostering an inclusive society. peaks, deep valleys, and significant snowfall​. (1 M)
 (1 M) (ii) Eastern Himalayas: Stretching from the Teesta
Provisions included under this right: (Any four) river to Brahmaputra and also extends beyond
(i) Equal Treatment: It guarantees that all individuals Brahmaputra, they include regions like Sikkim,
are subject to the same laws and protections, Arunachal Pradesh, and Bhutan. This area has greater
altitudinal variations and dense forests​.  (1 M)
regardless of their social status. (1 M)
(iii) Climate Influence: Both ranges act as climatic
(ii) Access to Public Places: It ensures that everyone has
barriers, preventing cold Central Asian winds from
the right to access public places like shops, hotels, reaching the Indian subcontinent and influencing
and places of entertainment without discrimination. monsoon patterns, contributing to regional
 (1 M) precipitation variations. (1 M)
(iii) E qual Opportunity: It provides for equal (iv)  Biodiversity: Rich in biodiversity, these regions
opportunities in public employment, preventing host unique flora and fauna, including many endemic
exclusion based on the ground of religion, race, caste, species. The Eastern Himalayas, in particular, are
sex, or place of birth only. (1 M) known for their dense forests and diverse ecosystems​
(iv)  A bolition of Untouchability: The practice of . (1 M)
untouchability is strictly prohibited, safeguarding the (v)  Economic Significance: These ranges are vital for
dignity of marginalized communities. (1 M) agriculture, tourism, and hydropower generation.
They provide water resources for irrigation and are
(v)  Affirmative Action: Special provisions, such as home to many hill stations and pilgrimage sites,
reservations for disadvantaged groups, are permitted boosting local economies​. (1 M)​
to promote social and educational equality. (1 M)
OR
OR (B) Features of Northern Plains in India:
(B) The significance of the Right to Constitutional (i) Formation: The Northern Plains are formed by
Remedies in the Indian Constitution: the deposition of alluvial soil brought down by the
(i) Fundamental Protection: The Right to Constitutional Indus, Ganga, and Brahmaputra rivers, creating a
fertile and extensive plain area. (1 M)​
Remedies is considered the ‘heart and soul’ of the
(ii) Extent: These plains cover an area of about 7 lakh
Indian Constitution, as it ensures the enforcement of
sq. km, stretching 2400 km in length and 240-320
all other Fundamental Rights. (1 M)
km in width, making them one of the most extensive
(ii) E mpowerment of Citizens: This right allows plains globally.  (1 M)
citizens to approach the Supreme Court or High (iii) Relief: The plains have diverse relief features,
Courts if they believe their Fundamental Rights have including Bhabar, Terai, Bhangar, and Khadar.
been violated, providing a legal avenue for justice. Each region has distinct characteristics affecting
 (1 M) agriculture and settlement.  (1 M)
(iii) Judicial Review: The courts have the power to (iv)  Agricultural Significance: The fertile alluvial soil
review and strike down any law or government action and ample water supply make these plains highly
that violates Fundamental Rights, protecting citizens productive, supporting the cultivation of rice, wheat,
from unlawful actions by the state. (1 M) and sugarcane.  (1 M)
(iv)  Public Interest Litigation (PIL): This provision (v)  Population Density: Due to the fertile land and
enables not only individuals but also groups or favourable climate, the Northern Plains are densely
organizations to file petitions on behalf of those populated, supporting numerous urban and rural
whose rights are violated, even if they are not directly settlements.  (1 M)​
affected. (1 M) 33. (A) Role of Public Distribution System (PDS) in Food
(v)  Safeguard Against State Actions: It acts as a check Security:
on government powers, ensuring that all laws and (i) Providing Essential Commodities: PDS supplies
actions comply with the Constitution and do not basic food items like rice, wheat, sugar, and kerosene
encroach on the rights of individuals. (1 M) at subsidized rates to the poor, ensuring they have
access to essential goods. (1 M)
32. (A) F  eatures and significance of the Western and Eastern (ii) Price Stability: By distributing food grains at
Himalayas: controlled prices, PDS helps to stabilize market
(i) Western Himalayas: These extend from the Indus prices, preventing inflation and ensuring affordability
River to the Kali River and include the Kashmir, for all. (1 M)

152 SOCIAL SCIENCE P

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 (iii) Supporting Farmers: PDS purchases food grains 35. (i) The Himalaya present between the Kali and Teesta
from farmers at a minimum support price (MSP), River is known as the Nepal Himalayas. This region
providing them with a guaranteed income and is characterized by its significant altitudinal variation
encouraging agricultural production. (1 M) and dense forests​. (1 M)
(iv)  Reducing Hunger and Poverty: By making food (ii) The Kumaon Himalaya is located between the Satluj
available at lower prices, PDS helps reduce hunger and Kali rivers. This region includes prominent
peaks and valleys that are essential to the geography
and supports the nutritional needs of the poor,
of the Western Himalayas​. (1 M)​
contributing to poverty alleviation. (1 M)
(iii) The Himalaya present between the Satluj and Indus
(v)  Emergency Support: PDS acts as a safety net rivers is traditionally known as the Punjab Himalaya.
during natural disasters and other crises, ensuring  (1 M)​
food availability and preventing scarcity in affected This region is also referred to as the Kashmir and
areas.  (1 M) Himachal Himalaya from west to east respectively.
OR It includes significant river valleys and diverse
(B) Food Corporation of India (FCI) is a government landscapes. (1 M)​
organization established to manage the food policy 36. (i) Activities that result in the production of goods and
in India. It plays a crucial role in ensuring the food services, adding value to the national income. (1 M)
security of the country. (1 M) (ii) Tertiary sector is also known as the service sector
Functions of FCI: because it includes activities that provide services
(i) Procurement of Food Grains: FCI buys food rather than goods, such as transport, communication,
grains like rice and wheat directly from farmers at and banking. (1 M)
a Minimum Support Price (MSP), ensuring farmers (iii) Market activities are performed for pay or profit,
get a fair price. (1 M) including the production of goods or services, such
as government services. Non-market activities are
(ii) Storage and Preservation: It stores the procured
those done for self-consumption, like producing
food grains in warehouses to maintain a buffer stock
food for personal use or building one’s own house.
for future needs, ensuring proper preservation to
 (2 M)
prevent wastage. (1 M)
37. (A) (i) Russia (1 M)
(iii) Distribution: FCI distributes food grains through
(ii) America  (1 M)
the Public Distribution System (PDS) to provide
affordable food to the poor and needy. (1 M) (B)  (3 M)
(iv) Price Stability: By managing the supply and
distribution of food grains, FCI helps stabilize (iv) Wular Lake
market prices and ensures availability during
shortages. (1 M)
34. (i) The year 1904 was a particularly bad one for Russian (iii) Assam
workers. Prices of essential goods rose so quickly
that real wages declined by 20 per cent. (1 M)
(ii) At St. Petersburg workers on strike were demanding
a reduction in the working hours to eight hours.
 (1 M)
(iii) Sequences of Events in the Revolution of 1905:
(a) Bloody Sunday 1905: When Russian workers,
led by Father Gapon, were protesting for
better working conditions in St. Petersburg.
The protest turned tragic when the police and (i) Telangana
Cossacks attacked, killing over 100 workers and
wounding about [Link] incident was known
as Bloody Sunday. (1 M)
(b) Massive Strike: Over 1,10,000 workers in St.
(ii) Anai Mudi
Petersburg went on strike, demanding better
working conditions, wages, and an eight-hour
workday. (1 M)

Sample Question Paper-1 153

Roll No.

P
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SAMPLE QUESTION PAPER-2
SOCIAL SCIENCE
Time allowed : 3 hours Maximum Marks : 80

NOTE:
(i) Please check that this question paper contains 37 questions.
(ii) Please write down the Serial Number of the question in the answer-book before attempting it.
(iii) 15 minutes time has been allotted to read this question paper. The students will read the question paper only and will not
write any answer on the answer-book during this period.

General Instructions:
Read the following instructions carefully and follow them:
(i) There are 37 questions in the question paper. All questions are compulsory.
(ii) This question paper is divided into six sections - A, B, C, D, E and F.
(iii) There is no overall choice in the question paper. However, an internal choice has been provided in few questions. Only one
of the choices in such questions have to be attempted.

SECTION - A
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS (20 × 1 = 20)
1. Read the following excerpt and answer the question that follows:
On the 26th of January 1950, we are going to enter a life of contradictions. In politics we will have equality and in social and
economic life we will have inequality. In politics, we will be recognising the principle of one man one vote, and one vote
one value. In our social and economic life, we shall, by reason of our social and economic structure, continue to deny the
principle of one man one value. How long shall we continue to live this life of contradictions? How long shall we continue to
deny equality in our social and economic life? If we continue to deny it for long, we will do so only by putting our political
democracy in peril.
Who among the following gave this speech? 1
(a) Mahatama Gandhi (b) Dr. B.R. Ambedkar
(c) Shyama Prasad Mukherjee (d) Jawahar Lal Nehru
2. What is the easternmost longitude of India?  1
(a) 97°25’N (b) 97°25’E (c) 97°25’W (d) 97°25’S
 3. What was the impact of the First World War on Russia?  1
(a) Russia had lost about seven million soldiers.
(b) Its crops and buildings were destroyed badly.
(c) Heavy industrial loss created an acute food scarcity.
(d) All of the above
4. What is required for an election to be considered democratic?  1
(a) Only one candidate should be allowed
(b) Elections must offer a real choice and be free and fair
(c) Elections should be held once every two decades
(d) The ruling party should always win
5. ‘Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan’ is a significant step towards providing elementary education to all children in the age group of
…….  1
(a) 7-14 years (b) 6-12 years (c) 5-14 years (d) 6-14 years
6. In the question given below, there are two statements marked as Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Read the statements and
choose the correct option:  1
Assertion (A): Air temperature generally decreases from the Equator towards the Poles.
Reason(R): Due to the curvature of the Earth, the amount of Solar energy received varies according to latitude.
(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but Reason (R) is true.
7. What is a fundamental principle of democracy regarding voting rights?  1
(a) Only educated people should vote
(b) Each citizen must have one vote and each vote must have one value
(c) Voting should be based on wealth
(d) Voting rights should be given to a select few
8. Match the following Column-I with Column-II  1
Column-I Colum-II
A Minimum Support Price I Pre-announced price
B Public Distribution System II Ration shops
C The National Food Security Act III 2013
D Revamped Public Distribution System IV 1992
Options:
(a) A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV (b) A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III (c) A-IV, B-I, C-III, D-II (d) A-III, B-IV, C-II, D-I
9. Match the following Column-I with Column-II  1

Column-I Column-II
A 20 April, 1889 I Adolf Hitler was born
B 1919 II The Nazi Party was formed
C 28 February, 1933 III The Reichstag fire decree (The first decree)
D 3 March, 1933 IV The Enabling Act was passed
Options:
(a) A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV (b) A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III (c) A-IV, B-I, C-III, D-II (d) A-I, B-IV, C-II, D-III

Sample Question Paper-2 155

 10. Match the following Column-I with Column-II  1

Column-I Column-II
A Standard Meridian of India I Passes through Mirzapur in Uttar Pradesh

B Equator II An imaginary line that divides the Earth

C Tropic of Cancer III 23°30’N
D India’s coastline IV 7,516.6 km

Options:
(a) A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV (b) A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III (c) A-IV, B-I, C-III, D-II (d) A-I, B-IV, C-II, D-III
11. In the question given below, there are two statements marked as Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Read the statements and
choose the correct option:  1
Assertion (A): Nelson Mandela was imprisoned for 27 years.
Reason (R): He was a strong supporter of the apartheid regime.
(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but Reason (R) is true.
12. Which of the following is the poorest state?  1
(a) Haryana (b) Bihar (c) Punjab (d) Himachal Pradesh
13. What significant change did the 42 Amendment bring to the Indian Constitution? 
nd
1
(a) Introduction of universal adult franchise
(b) Addition of the terms ‘Socialist’ and ‘Secular’ in the Preamble
(c) Abolition of the princely states
(d) Establishment of the Supreme Court
14. Study the figure carefully and answer the question that follows:

Which of the following options best signifies this figure?  1

(a) The women demand their rights.
(b) The women marched to Versailles and brought the king back with them to Paris.
(c) People’s participation in government.
(d) None of the above
15. Which of the following is NOT a good argument for supporting democracy?  1
(a) Democracies are more prosperous than other forms of government.
(b) Democracies allow citizens to feel free and equal.
(c) Democracies resolve conflicts better than non-democratic systems.
(d) Democracies are more accountable to the people.

156 SOCIAL SCIENCE P

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 16. Which of the following is an activity of the tertiary sector?  1
(a) Agriculture (b) Forestry (c) Tourism (d) Manufacturing
17. Who supported the Weimar Republic?  1
(a) Socialist (b) Socialist and Democrats
(c) Only Communists (d) Socialists, Catholics and Democrats
18. Who advocated that India would be truly independent only when the poorest of its people become free of human suffering?
 1
(a) B.R. Ambedkar (b) Indira Gandhi (c) Rajeev Gandhi (d) Mahatma Gandhi
19. Which of the following scenarios best represents a true democratic process?  1
(a) A country holds regular elections, but only candidates from a single party are allowed to contest, ensuring the same party
wins every time.
(b) A country allows multiple political parties to participate in elections, but the ruling party uses state resources to suppress
opposition and manipulate media coverage.
(c) A country where the military appoints leaders and elections are conducted under military supervision, with no real
competition.
(d) A country holds free and fair elections with multiple parties competing, and power transitions peacefully based on the
election outcomes.
20. Which of the following statements are correct regarding the Indian Constitution?  1
(i) It was adopted on 26th November 1949.
(ii) It came into effect on 26th January 1950.
(iii) It does not provide any rights to citizens.
(iv) It establishes India as a secular state.
(a) (i) and (ii) only (b) (i), (ii) and (iv) only (c) (i), (ii) and (iii) only (d) (i) and (iv) only
SECTION - B
VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (4 × 2 = 8)
21 (A) Explain any two main features of the Brahmaputra River System.  2
OR
(B) How do the Himalayan Rivers perform erosional activities and form depositional features?  2
22. Differentiate between ‘minimum subsistence level of living’ and a ‘reasonable level of living’.  2
23. Who were called the ‘November Criminals’?  2
24. Write any two effects of economic growth on the people of India.  2

SECTION - C
SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (5 × 3 = 15)
25. How can food security be ensured in a country?  3
26. What is the significance of the Office Memorandum issued on August 13, 1990?  3
27. Explain any three consequences of unemployment.  3
28. Name the country that defeated Germany in the First World War. State two effects of defeat on Germany.  3
29. (A) Name two coastal plains of India and describe any two features of each.  3
OR
(B) How are the Eastern Coastal plains of India different from the Western Coastal plains? State any three points of
distinction.3

Sample Question Paper-2 157

 SECTION - D
LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS (4 × 5 = 20)
30. (A) Highlight any five peculiar features of Nazi thinking.  5
OR
(B) How did the Nazis proceed to realise their murderous racial ideology by eliminating the undesirables? Explain.  5
31. (A) How does political competition benefit democracy, despite its challenges?  5
OR
(B) What are the roles and powers of the Election Commission in India?  5
32. (A) Describe the regional variations in the climatic conditions of India with the help of suitable examples.  5
OR
(B) Describe any five characteristic features of the hot weather season in India.  5
33. (A) What are the advantages of having a healthy population?  5
OR
(B) Describe the differences between male and female child enrolment.  5

SECTION - E
CASE BASED/SOURCE BASED QUESTIONS (3 × 4 = 12)
34. Read the passage and answer the following questions:
The crisis in the economy, polity and society formed the background to Hitler’s rise to power. Born in 1889 in Austria, Hitler
spent his youth in poverty. When the First World War broke out, he enrolled for the army, acted as a messenger in the front,
became a corporal and earned medals for bravery. The German defeat horrified him and the Versailles Treaty made him
furious. In 1919, he joined a small group called the German Workers’ Party. He subsequently took over the organisation and
renamed it the National Socialist German Workers’ Party. This Party came to be known as the Nazi Party. In 1923, Hitler
planned to seize control of Bavaria, march to Berlin and capture power. He failed, was arrested, tried for treason and later
released. The Nazis could not effectively mobilise popular support till the early 1930s. It was during the Great Depression
that Nazism became a mass movement. As we have seen, after 1929, banks collapsed and businesses shut down, workers
lost their jobs and the middle classes were threatened with destitution. In such a situation Nazi Propaganda stirred hopes of
a better future. In 1928, the Nazi Party got no more than 2.6 per cent votes in the Reichstag – The German Parliament. By
1932, it had become the largest Party with 37 per cent votes.
(i) When did Hitler enrol in the army? 1
(ii) When did Hitler join the German Workers’ Party? 1
(iii) What did Hitler rename the German Workers’ Party? 2
35. Read the passage and answer the following questions:
The Indian desert
The Indian desert lies towards the western margins of the Aravalli Hills. It is an undulating sandy plain covered with sand
dunes. This region receives very low rainfall below 150 mm per year. It has an arid climate with low vegetation cover.
Streams appear during the rainy season. Soon after they disappear into the sand as they do not have enough water to reach
the sea. Luni is the only large river in this region. Barchans (crescent-shaped dunes) cover larger areas but longitudinal dunes
become more prominent near the Indo-Pakistan boundary. If you visit Jaisalmer, you may go to see a group of barchans.
(i) What are barchans? 1
(ii) Which River flows through the Thar desert? 1
(iii) Write a short note on Thar desert.  2
36. Read the passage and Answer the following questions:
In a democracy, rights are essential for protecting individual liberties and ensuring a fair and just society. The Indian
Constitution enshrines Fundamental Rights that serve as a guarantee against state and societal actions that may infringe upon

158 SOCIAL SCIENCE P

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 these liberties. The Right to Equality ensures that all citizens are treated equally before the law, regardless of their status,
religion, or gender. The Right to Freedom encompasses various freedoms, including speech, assembly, and religion, while
ensuring these are exercised responsibly. The Right against Exploitation protects individuals from practices like human
trafficking and forced labor. These rights are not merely theoretical but are enforceable by the judiciary, providing a robust
mechanism for citizens to seek justice. The Right to Constitutional Remedies allows citizens to approach the courts to protect
their rights, making it the “heart and soul” of the Constitution, as Dr. Ambedkar described it.
(i) What is the significance of the Right to Equality as per the Indian Constitution? 1
(ii) Why did Dr. Ambedkar call the Right to Constitutional Remedies the ‘heart and soul’ of the Indian Constitution?  1
(iii) How does the Right to Freedom balance individual liberty with social order in India? 2
SECTION - F
MAP SKILL BASED QUESTIONS (2 + 3 = 5)
37. (A) Two places A and B are marked on the outline political map of the world, identify these places with the help of following
information and write their correct names on the lines marked near them:  1×2=2
(a) Germany (b) Austria – Hungary

A
B

(B) On the political map of India, locate ANY THREE states that cross the Tropic of Cancer and use the appropriate
symbols to indicate them. 3
(i) Gujarat (ii) Jharkhand (iii) Madhya pradesh (iv) Mizoram

Sample Question Paper-2 159

 EXPLANATIONS
1. (b) The excerpt provided is a famous speech by Dr. 12. (b) Bihar is the poorest state with a poverty ratio of
B.R. Ambedkar. He delivered this speech during 33.7% among the given options.  (1 M)
the Constituent Assembly debates, highlighting the 13. (b) The 42nd Amendment to the Indian Constitution,
contradictions between political equality and social passed in 1976, made significant changes, including
and economic inequality in India. (1 M) the addition of the terms ‘Socialist’ and ‘Secular’ to
2. (b) 
The easternmost longitude of India is 97°25’E, the Preamble.  (1 M)
which marks the eastern boundary of the country. 14. (b) The image depicts the Women’s March on Versailles
 (1 M) during the French Revolution, where women
marched to Versailles and brought the king back to
3. (d) 
The First World War had a devastating impact on Paris to demand bread and political reform​.  (1 M)
Russia, including the loss of about seven million 15. (a) Prosperity is not guaranteed by democracy, as it
soldiers, destruction of crops and buildings, and heavy depends on various factors beyond the form of
industrial losses leading to acute food scarcity.  (1 M) government.  (1 M)
4. (b) For elections to be considered democratic, they must 16. (c) Tertiary sector includes services like Tourism, IT,
provide a genuine choice and be conducted freely Communication etc. (1 M)
and fairly. (1 M) 17. (d) The Weimar Republic was supported mainly by
5. (d) 
Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan provides elementary Socialists, Catholics, and Democrats. These groups
education to all children in the age group of 6-14 became targets of attack in conservative nationalist
years. (1 M) circles and were mockingly called the ‘November
criminals’.  (1 M)
18. (d) Mahatma Gandhi always insisted that India would
Mistakes 101: What not to do! be truly independent only when the poorest of its
people become free of human suffering. (1 M)
• Misinterpreting the age group as 7-14 years instead 19. (d) A true democratic process involves free and fair
of the correct 6-14 years. elections where multiple parties compete, and the
• Failing to understand the scope of Sarva Shiksha outcome reflects the will of the people. Power must
Abhiyan in providing education to children aged transition peacefully based on election results,
6-14 years. ensuring accountability and the possibility of
changing leaders. Options A, B, and C describe
6. (a) A
ir temperature generally decreases from the situations where the democratic process is
Equator towards the Poles because the curvature of compromised or manipulated, which does not reflect
the Earth causes variations in the amount of solar the principles of true democracy. (1 M)
energy received at different latitudes. The Equator 20. (b) The Constitution was adopted in 1949, came into
receives more direct sunlight, leading to higher effect in 1950, establishes India as a secular state,
temperatures, while the Poles receive less direct and provide extensive rights to its citizens. (1 M)
sunlight, resulting in lower temperatures. The
21. (A) Two Main Features of the Brahmaputra River
reason directly explains the assertion, making it the
System:
correct explanation. (1 M)
(i) Origin and Course: The Brahmaputra rises in
7. (b) Democracy is based on the principle of political
Tibet east of Mansarowar lake very close to the
equality, ensuring one person, one vote, and one
value. (1 M) sources of the Indus and the Satluj. It is slightly
longer than the Indus, and most of its course lies
8. (a) A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV (1 M)
outside India. It flows eastwards parallel to the
9. (a) A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV  (1 M) Himalayas.  (1 M)
10. (a) A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV (1 M) (ii) Annual Flooding: The river experiences
11. (c) Nelson Mandela was not the supporter of apartheid significant annual flooding, particularly in
regime. He was imprisoned for 27 years for opposing Assam, due to heavy monsoon rains, contributing
the apartheid regime, not supporting it. (1 M) to its fertile plains.  (1 M)

160 SOCIAL SCIENCE P

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 OR 23. The ‘November Criminals’ were a term used by German
(B) Himalayan Rivers Erosional and Depositional Activities: nationalists to mockingly refer to the politicians who
signed the Treaty of Versailles. They were mainly
(i) Erosional Activities: Himalayan rivers perform
Socialists, Catholics, and Democrats who supported the
erosional activities by cutting through the
Weimar Republic and were blamed for Germany’s defeat
mountains, forming deep valleys and gorges. The
and subsequent humiliation after World War I .  (2 M)​
fast-flowing rivers carry large amounts of sediment
downstream due to the steep gradient.  (1 M) 24. Two effects of economic growth on the people of India
(ii) Depositional Features: As the rivers enter are as follows:
the plains, the gradient reduces, leading to the (i)  Reduction of Poverty: Economic growth has
deposition of sediments. This results in the significantly contributed to the reduction of poverty
formation of floodplains, deltas, and alluvial in India. From 1993-94 to 2011-12, the poverty ratio
fans, creating fertile agricultural land​.  (1 M) declined from about 45% to 22%, enabling more
people to meet their basic needs.  (1 M)​
(ii) Increased Job Opportunities: Economic growth
Nailing the Right Answer has widened opportunities, particularly in sectors
like agriculture, industry, and services. This has
Break the answer into two parts: how rivers erode in
resulted in higher employment rates and better
the mountains and how they deposit in the plains. Use
income levels.  (1 M)
simple terms like “cutting” and “spreading” to explain.
Mention key landforms like valleys, floodplains, and 25. To ensure food security in a country, the following
deltas to ensure a complete and accurate response. measures can be taken:
(i)  Availability of Food: Ensuring sufficient food
22. Difference between minimum subsistence level of living production within the country, maintaining adequate
and reasonable level of living:  (1 M for each point) food imports, and storing reserves from previous
years in government granaries.  (1 M)
Aspect Minimum Sub- Reasonable Level (ii)  Accessibility to Food: Implementing an efficient
sistence Level of of Living Public Distribution System (PDS) to distribute food
Living to all regions, ensuring that food reaches even the
most remote and economically backward areas.
Meaning The minimum A standard of living  (1 M)
level is necessary that goes beyond (iii) Affordability of Food: Providing food at affordable
to fulfill basic just basic needs,
prices through subsidies and support programs
needs such as aiming for a more
like the National Food Security Act, 2013, which
food, clothing, comfortable and
guarantees access to essential food items at lower
and shelter. dignified life​.
prices for a significant portion of the population​. (1 M)
Measurement Focuses on en- Encompasses addi-
26. Significance of Office Memorandum issued on August
Focus suring survival tional aspects like
by meeting basic education, health- 13, 1990:
physical needs​. care, and access to (i) Major Policy Decision: The Office Memorandum
social services for introduced a 27% reservation for Socially and
overall well-being. Educationally Backward Classes (SEBC) in civil
posts and services under the Government of India.
 (1 M)
(ii) Background: It followed the recommendations of
Nailing the Right Answer the Mandal Commission, which identified SEBC as
• Ensure you clearly differentiate both aspects: a category needing affirmative action.  (1 M)
meaning and measurement focus. (iii) Impact: This decision caused major debates
and legal challenges, leading to Supreme Court
• Highlight how “minimum subsistence” is
involvement. In 1992, the Supreme Court upheld
about basic survival, while “reasonable level”
the government’s order in the Indira Sawhney case
encompasses broader well-being. Address both
columns comprehensively for full marks. but asked to exclude wealthy members of backward
classes from reservation benefits. (1 M)

Sample Question Paper-2 161

 gentle, characterized by significant river deltas
such as the Godavari, Krishna and Mahanadi,
Mistakes 101: What not to do! making it suitable for agriculture.  (1½ M)
OR
The Office Memorandum is based on the recommen-
dations of the Mandal Commission. The common error (B) Difference Between Eastern and Western Coastal
students might make is failing to link the Office Mem- Plains:  (1 M for each point)
orandum to the recommendations of the Mandal Com- Aspect Eastern Coastal Western Coastal
mission. Plains Plains
Width Broader, extending Narrower, often less
27. The following are the consequences of unemployment: over 100-120 km than 50 km wide
(i)  Wasted Talent: When people are unemployed, their Fertility and More fertile with Less fertile with
skills and abilities are not used, which is a waste for Deltas extensive deltas few or no deltas
the country​.  (1 M) (e.g., Godavari,
(ii) Economic Burden: Unemployment increases the Mahanadi and
load on the working population because unemployed Krishna)
people depend on them for support. This can lower Topography Gentle slope, Narrow and gener-
the quality of life and lead to poor health and more characterized by ally flat, with some
school dropouts​.  (1 M) broad plains and areas having rug-
(iii) Weaker Economy: High unemployment rates show river deltas. ged terrain.
that the economy is not doing well. People who
could work and help the economy grow become a 30. (A) Five Peculiar Features of Nazi Thinking:
burden instead​.  (1 M) (i) Racial Hierarchy: Nazis believed in a strict racial
28. Country and Effects of Defeat on Germany in the First hierarchy, with the Aryan race at the top. This
World War: ideology was rooted in the belief that the Aryans
(i) Defeated by the Allies: Germany was defeated by were superior and destined to rule over other races.
the Allied Powers, which included England, France,  (1M)
and Russia, with the United States joining in 1917. (ii)  Anti-Semitism: Jews were considered the primary
 (1 M) enemy of the Aryan race. This anti-Semitic view
(ii) Economic Burden: The Treaty of Versailles led to systematic discrimination, exclusion, and
imposed heavy reparations on Germany, causing eventually, the Holocaust .  (1 M)
severe economic distress and hyperinflation​. (1 M) (iii) Lebensraum (Living Space): Hitler advocated
(iii) Territorial Losses: Germany lost its overseas for the expansion of German territory to provide
colonies and significant territories in Europe, living space for the Aryans. This policy aimed to
reducing its influence and power​.  (1 M) conquer Eastern Europe, displacing or eliminating
its inhabitants .  (1 M)
(iv)  Euthanasia Program: The Nazis believed in
Mistakes 101 : What not to do! the elimination of individuals deemed unfit or
undesirable, including those with disabilities. This
•  Students might mistakenly attribute Germany’s was part of their effort to maintain racial purity.
defeat solely to one country rather than the collective  (1 M)
efforts of the Allied Powers. (v)  Propaganda and Control: The Nazis used
• Another common error is not specifying the distinct propaganda extensively to control public opinion
effects of the Treaty of Versailles, leading to vague and spread their ideology. This included the
or incomplete answers. manipulation of media, education, and public events
to indoctrinate the population .  (1 M)
29. (A) Coastal Plains of India and their Features: OR
(i)  Western Coastal Plain: This plain extends from (B)  The Nazis Proceeded to Realurderous Racial
Gujarat to Kerala. It is narrow and steep, with Ideology are: (Any Five)
fertile soil that supports the cultivation of crops Nuremberg Laws (1935): The laws excluded
(i) 
like coconut and rice.  (1½ M) Jews from German citizenship, forbade marriages
(ii) Eastern Coastal Plain: This plain extends from between Jews and Germans, and institutionalized
West Bengal to Tamil Nadu. It is broad and racial discrimination .  (1 M)

162 SOCIAL SCIENCE P

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 (ii) Ghettoization: Jews were forced in where they OR
lived in overcrowded, unsanitary conditions, facing (B) The roles and powers of the election commission are
starvation and disease.  (1 M) as follows:
(iii) Concentration Camps: Jews and other undesir- (i) Independence: The Election Commission of India
aeported to concentration camps, where they faced operates independently of the government, ensuring
forced labor, inhumane conditions, and mass execu- that elections are conducted impartially. This
tions.  (1 M) independence is vital for maintaining the integrity
(iv) Euthanasia Program: The Nazis executed those and fairness of the electoral process.  (1 M)
deemed mehysically unfit, targeting Germans (ii) Code of Conduct: The Election Commission
considered racially impure.  (1 M) enforces the Model Code of Conduct, which
(v)  Final Solution: The systematic genocide of Jews regulates the behavior of political parties and
through gas chamss shootings was implemented in candidates during elections.  (1 M)
occupied Poland and other areas.  (1 M) (iii) Electoral Oversight: The Commission supervises
(vi) Propaganda: Nazi propaganda dehumanized all aspects of the election process, from the
Jews, portraying them as vermin ano Aryan purity, announcement of the election schedule to the
justifying their extermination.  (1 M) declaration of results.  (1 M)
(iv) Dispute Resolution: The Election Commission has
the authority to address complaints and disputes
Nailing the Right Answer related to elections. This role is crucial in maintaining
public confidence in the electoral process.  (1 M)
• To answer this correctly, outline the progression (v) Ensuring Free Elections: The Commission has
of Nazi actions, starting with legal discrimination the power to order repolls in cases where it finds
(Nuremberg Laws) and escalating to mass genocide evidence of irregularities or fraud, ensuring that the
(Final Solution). election outcome reflects the true will of the voters.
• Ensure you mention key steps like ghettoization,  (1 M)
concentration camps, and the use of propaganda 32. (A) Regional Variations in India’s Climatic Conditions:
to justify these actions. Connect each step to the (i)  Temperature Extremes: The Thar Desert
Nazis’ broader racial ideology for a comprehensive experiences extreme heat, while Dras in Jammu and
response. Kashmir records extreme cold.  (1 M)
31. (A) The political competition benefit democracy, despite (ii) Rainfall Variation: The Western Ghats receive
its challenges in the following ways: heavy rainfall, while Rajasthan remains arid. (1 M)
(i) Accountability: Political competition forces lead- (iii) Monsoon Influence: Coastal regions experience
ers to be more responsive to the public’s needs and moderate temperatures due to maritime influence,
demands to secure electoral victory, thereby pro- while interior regions face extreme seasonal
moting responsive and good governance.  (1 M) variations.  (1 M)
(ii) Innovation: Competing parties often bring new (iv) Elevation Effect: High-altitude areas like the
ideas and policies to win voter support, fostering Himalayas have cooler climates, contrasting with
political innovation in addressing public issues, as the tropical climate of the southern plains. (1 M)
parties strive to differentiate themselves to win voter (v)  Seasonal Winds: The northeastern states are
support.  (1 M) influenced by the Bay of Bengal branch of the
(iii) Public Debate: Competition encourages public monsoon, leading to heavy rainfall.  (1 M)
debate on important issues, enhancing public
awareness, and participation, and encouraging
voters to make informed decisions.  (1 M) Nailing the Right Answer
(iv) Checks and Balances: It prevents the concentration • Clearly identify and explain the climatic variations,
of power, ensuring a system of checks and balances linking each to a specific region. Use precise
within governance. This system of checks and examples like the Thar Desert for heat extremes and
balances is crucial for maintaining a balanced and the Western Ghats for heavy rainfall.
fair government.  (1 M) • Make sure to discuss how elevation and monsoon
(v) Voter Empowerment: Voters are empowered patterns contribute to these differences to provide a
to choose between alternatives, which can lead to well-rounded explanation.
better governance outcomes.  (1 M)

Sample Question Paper-2 163

 ​OR (iii) Economic Constraints: In economically
(B)  Five Characteristic Features of the Hot Weather disadvantaged families, boys are more likely to be
Season in India: sent to school, while girls may be kept at home to
(i)  Temperature Increase: During the hot weather help with household chores.  (1 M)
season, temperatures rise significantly, especially in (iv) Access to Schools: In some regions, schools may
the northern plains, often exceeding 40°C.  (1 M) be more accessible or safer for boys, contributing to
(ii) Low Pressure Areas: Intense heating creates low- higher male enrolment.  (1 M)
pressure areas over the northern plains, leading to (v) Policy Impact: Government policies and initiatives
dry and hot winds known as ‘Loo.’  (1 M) are increasingly aiming to reduce this gap, promoting
(iii) Dust Storms: The season witnesses frequent dust equal educational opportunities for both genders​. (1 M)
storms, especially in northwestern India, reducing 34. (i) Hitler enrolled in the German army during the First
visibility and creating challenging conditions. (1 M) World War, which began in 1914. He served as a
(iv) Thunderstorms: Pre-monsoon showers, also messenger in the front lines.  (1 M)
known as ‘Mango Showers’ in southern India, are a (ii) Hitler joined the German Workers’ Party in 1919,
feature of this season, helping in the early ripening shortly after the end of World War I, and later took
of mangoes.  (1 M) control of the organization.  (1 M)
(v)  Dry and Arid Conditions: The absence of significant (iii) Hitler renamed the German Workers’ Party as
rainfall results in dry conditions, particularly in central the National Socialist German Workers’ Party,
and northwestern regions.  (1 M) commonly known as the Nazi Party.  (1 M)
This new name reflected the party’s ideology,
33. (A) The advantages of a healthy population are as follows:
combining nationalism and socialism, which helped
(i) Increased Productivity: Healthier individuals can gain broader support.  (1 M)
work more efficiently and effectively, enhancing
35. (i) Barchans are crescent-shaped sand dunes found in
overall productivity and economic growth.  (1 M)
(ii)  Higher Incomes: Healthy people are more likely to desert regions, formed by the action of wind. They
earn higher incomes, contributing positively to the have a gentle slope on the windward side and a steep
economy.  (1 M) slope on the leeward side. (1 M)
(iii) Lower Healthcare Costs: A healthy population (ii) The Luni River is the only significant river that
reduces the burden on healthcare systems, saving public flows through the Thar Desert. It originates in the
and private expenditures on medical treatments. (1 M) Aravalli Range and ends in the marshy lands of
(iv) Improved Quality of Life: Better health leads to Rann of Kutch.  (1 M)​
longer life expectancy and improved well-being, (iii) The Thar Desert, located in western India, is an arid
enabling people to contribute more consistently to region characterized by sand dunes, low rainfall,
society.  (1 M) and sparse vegetation. (1 M)​
(v) Enhanced Human Capital: Health investments  It has an undulating terrain, with barchans and
lead to better education outcomes and skills longitudinal dunes, and is home to the Luni River. (1 M)​
development, furthering the potential for innovation 36. (i) The Right to Equality ensures that all citizens are
and economic advancement​.  (1 M) treated equally before the law, without discrimination
based on religion, race, caste, sex, or place of birth.
It is important to maintaining fairness and justice in
Mistakes 101: What not to do! society.  (1 M)
(ii) Dr. Ambedkar termed it the ‘heart and soul’ because
• Students might overlook the need to discuss multiple
it allows citizens to enforce their Fundamental
benefits, focusing only on one advantage.
Rights through the judiciary, ensuring that rights are
• They may also fail to explain how these advantages not merely theoretical but are actively upheld and
contribute to broader societal and economic well- protected.  (1 M)
being, leading to a superficial answer (iii) The Right to Freedom balance the individual liberty
with social order in the following ways:
OR (a) The Right to Freedom in India allows individuals
(B) The difference between male and female child enrolment: to express their views, assemble peacefully, and
(i) Higher Male Enrolment Rates: Historically, enrolment practice any religion. (1 M)
rates for male children have been higher compared to (b) However, it also requires these freedoms to be
female children, reflecting societal biases.  (1 M) exercised responsibly, ensuring that they do not
(ii) Cultural Factors: Traditional roles often prioritize harm others or disrupt public order. This balance
education for boys, while girls may face expectations between individual liberty and social order is
to focus on domestic responsibilities.  (1 M) crucial for maintaining harmony in society.  (1 M)

164 SOCIAL SCIENCE P

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 37. (A)  (2 M)

Austria-Hungary

Germany

A
B

(B)  (3 M)

Gujarat Mizoram
Jharkhand

Madhya Pradesh

Sample Question Paper-2 165

Roll No.

P
W
SAMPLE QUESTION PAPER-3
SOCIAL SCIENCE
Time allowed : 3 hours Maximum Marks : 80

NOTE:
(i) Please check that this question paper contains 37 questions.
(ii) Please write down the Serial Number of the question in the answer-book before attempting it.
(iii) 15 minutes time has been allotted to read this question paper. The students will read the question paper only and will not
write any answer on the answer-book during this period.

General Instructions:
Read the following instructions carefully and follow them:
(i) There are 37 questions in the question paper. All questions are compulsory.
(ii) This question paper is divided into six sections - A, B, C, D, E and F.
(iii) There is no overall choice in the question paper. However, an internal choice has been provided in few questions. Only one
of the choices in such questions have to be attempted.

SECTION - A
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS (20 × 1 = 20)
1. Some of the largest ghettos and gas chambers, the General Government also served as the killing fields for the_____. 1
(a) Jews (b) Polish (c) Germans (d) All of these
2. Match the following Column-I (Himalaya) with Column-II (Locations):  1
Column-I (Himalaya) Column-II (Locations)

A Punjab Himalaya I Lies between Indus and Satluj rivers

B Kumaon Himalaya II Lies between Satluj and Kali rivers
C Assam Himalaya III Lies between Tista and Dihang rivers
D Purvanchal Hills IV North–eastern extension of the Himalayas
Options:
(a) A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV (b) A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III
(c) A-IV, B-I, C-III, D-II (d) A-I, B-IV, C-II, D-III
 3. How can the education system be improved to better prepare students for the job market?  1
(a) By focusing more on vocational training
(b) By increasing funding for STEM programs
(c) By promoting apprenticeships and internships
(d) All of the above
4. In the question given below, there are two statements marked as Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Read the statements and choose
the correct option:  1
Assertion (A): From March to May, it is hot weather season in India.
Reason(R): Due to the apparent northward movement of the Sun, the global heat belt shifts northward.
(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but Reason (R) is true.
5. Match the following Column-I (Guiding values) with Column-II (Meaning):  1
Column-I Column-II
(Guiding values) (Meaning)

A Sovereign I The government will not favour any religion.

B Republic II People have the supreme right to make decisions.

C Fraternity III The head of the state is an elected person.

D Secular IV People should live like brothers and sisters.

Options:
(a) A-I, B-III, C-IV, D-II (b) A-II, B-III, C-IV, D-I
(c) A-II, B-IV, C-III, D-I (d) A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV
6. In the questions given below, there are two statements marked as Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Read the statements and
choose the correct option.
Assertion (A): The present formula for food requirement while estimating the poverty line is based on the desired calorie
requirement.
Reason (R): While determining the poverty line in India, a minimum level of food requirement, clothing, footwear, fuel and
light, educational and medical requirements, etc., are determined for subsistence.  1
(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but Reason (R) is true.
7. Years ago, writing in his magazine Young India in 1931, __________ had spelt out what he wanted the Constitution to do. 1
(a) B. R. Ambedkar (b) Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru
(c) Mahatma Gandhi (d) Kanhaiyalal Maniklal Munshi
8. Which one of the following lakes is a saltwater lake?  1
(a) Sambhar (b) Wular
(c) Dal (d) Gobind Sagar

Sample Question Paper-3 167

 9. Study the figure carefully and answer the question that follows:

Which of the following options best signifies this image?  1

(a) Demolition of Bastille (b) Democracy of People
(c) People revolt against the king (d) None of these
10. For how many days MGNREGA provides wage employment in India?  1
(a) 120 days (b) 100 days (c) 90 days (d) 50 days
11. In the questions given below, there are two statements marked as Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Read the statements and
choose the correct option:
Assertion (A): The Constituent Assembly of India was mainly composed of members from the Indian National Congress.
Reason (R): The Assembly was elected by the Provincial Legislatures, which were dominated by the Congress.  1
(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but Reason (R) is true.
12. What is the first step in developing a disaster prevention protocol?  1
(a) Identify the most common types of disasters that could affect the community
(b) Assess the risks associated with each type of disaster
(c) Create a communication plan for the community
(d) Build a resource inventory for emergency response teams
13. Who released a special stamp entitled ‘Wheat Revolution’ in July, 1968?  1
(a) Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel (b) Bhimrao Ambedkar
(c) Jawaharlal Nehru (d) Indira Gandhi
14. Who among the following sought to refute the Doctrine of the Divine and Absolute right of the Monarch?  1
(a) Locke (b) Rousseau (c) Aristotle (d) Plato
15. “A sitting member of the legislative assembly resigns, triggering the need for an election in just one constituency to fill the
vacant seat.’’ What type of election will be held in this situation?  1
(a) General Election (b) Midterm Election
(c) By-Election (d) Primary Election
16. In which state of India, the famous cooperative Amul is situated?  1
(a) Delhi (b) Gujarat
(c) Karnataka (d) Punjab

168 SOCIAL SCIENCE P

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 17. Which country/countries had an absolute monarchy before 1857?  1
(a) France (b) India
(c) Both (d) None of these
18. “A small political party is contesting in an election but finds it difficult to compete against a larger party with significant
financial resources and media influence.” What term best describes the disadvantage faced by smaller parties in this scenario? 1
(a) Reserved Constituency (b) Electoral Competition
(c) Level Playing Field (d) Rigging
19. Which of these is not a good reason to say that Indian elections are democratic?  1
(a) India has the largest number of voters in the world.
(b) India’s Election Commission is very powerful.
(c) In India, everyone above the age of 18 has a right to vote.
(d) In India, the losing parties accept the electoral verdict.
20. What is the main adverse effect of unemployment?  1
(a) Hue and cry in the country (b) Increase in economic overload
(c) People stop voting (d) People start moving abroad

SECTION - B
VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (4 × 2 = 8)
21. (A) Why were the Bolsheviks totally opposed to private property?  2
OR
(B) Mention any two changes that the Bolsheviks got in the Russian society in 1917.  2
22. Highlight any two characteristics of cold weather season in India.  2
23. How does the Election Commission enforce the Model Code of Conduct? 2
24. Define the term “poverty line” and explain its significance in measuring poverty.  2

SECTION - C
SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (5 × 3 = 15)
25. Describe any three inherent defects in the Weimar Constitution that made it vulnerable to dictatorship.  3
26. Describe any three features of the Kashmir Himalayas.  3
27. Discuss the importance of the judiciary in protecting public interest in India.  3
28. Name the Island group located in the Arabian Sea. State any two features of these Islands.  3
29. (A) What are the most effective ways to stimulate economic growth and create more jobs?  3
OR
(B) Which social and economic groups are more vulnerable to poverty?  3

SECTION - D
LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS (4 × 5 = 20)
30. (A) State any five steps taken by Hitler to establish his dictatorial rule in Germany.  5
OR
(B) Mention five important consequences of Nazism in Germany.  5

Sample Question Paper-3 169

 31. (A) Analyze the importance of the Right to Freedom of Religion in India. How does this right contribute to the secular nature
of the Indian state? 5
OR
(B) Explain the significance of Fundamental Rights in the Indian Constitution.  5
32. (A) What are Duns? Differentiate between the Inner Himalayas and the Lesser Himalayas.  5
OR
(B) Discuss the significant differences between the Himalayan and the Peninsular Rivers.  5
33. (A) Mention any five steps taken in the 10th Five Year Plan to increase enrolment in higher education.  5
OR
(B) Which age group is known as workforce population? Explain the existing employment structure in the agricultural sector
in India. Also explain major problems. 5

SECTION - E
CASE BASED/SOURCE BASED QUESTIONS (3 × 4 = 12)
34. Read the passage and answer the following questions:
The year 1904 was a particularly bad one for Russian workers. Prices of essential goods rose so quickly that real wages
declined by 20 per cent. The membership of workers’ associations increased dramatically. When four members of the
Assembly of Russian Workers, which had been formed in 1904, were dismissed at the Putilov Iron Works, there was a call
for industrial action. Over the next few days over 1,10,000 workers in St. Petersburg went on strike demanding a reduction
in the working day to eight hours, an increase in wages and improvement in working conditions. When the procession of
workers led by Father Gapon reached the Winter Palace it was attacked by the police and the Cossacks. Over 100 workers
were killed and about 300 wounded. The incident, known as Bloody Sunday, started a series of events that became known
as the 1905 Revolution. Strikes took place all over the country and universities closed down when student bodies staged
walkouts, complaining about the lack of civil liberties. Lawyers, doctors, engineers and other middleclass workers established
the Union of Unions and demanded a constituent assembly.
(i) In the year 1904, real wages of the Russian workers declined by what percentage?  1
(ii) What was the demand of the workers on strike at St. Petersburg?  1
(iii) Name a few series of events that took place during the 1905 Revolution. 2
35. Read the passage and answer the following questions:
In case of India, we have unemployment in rural and urban areas. However, the nature of unemployment differs in rural
and urban areas. In case of rural areas, there is seasonal and disguised unemployment. Urban areas have mostly educated
unemployment. Many youths with matriculation, graduation and post-graduation degrees are not able to find jobs. A study
showed that unemployment of graduate and post-graduate has increased faster than among matriculates. Unemployment has
detrimental impact on the overall growth of an economy. Increase in unemployment is an indicator of a depressed economy.
In case of India, statistically, the unemployment rate is low.
(i) Urban areas have mostly which type of unemployment?  1
(ii) What is the rate of unemployment in India?  1
(iii) Which is the most labour absorbing sector of the economy?  2
36. Read the passage and answer the following questions:
Zimbabwe attained independence from White minority rule in 1980. Since then the country has been ruled by ZANU-PF,
the party that led the freedom struggle. Its leader, Robert Mugabe, ruled the country since independence. Elections were held
regularly and always won by ZANU-PF. President Mugabe was popular but also used unfair practices in elections. Over
the years his government changed the constitution several times to increase the powers of the President and make him less
accountable. Opposition party workers were harassed and their meeting disrupted. Public protests and demonstrations against
the government were declared illegal.

170 SOCIAL SCIENCE P

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 (i) What measures did Robert Mugabe take to ensure his continued rule in Zimbabwe?  1
(ii) How did the frequent changes to the constitution affect the democratic process in Zimbabwe?  1
(iii) What impact did the harassment of opposition parties have on the political environment in Zimbabwe?  2

SECTION - F
MAP SKILL BASED QUESTIONS (2 + 3 = 5)
37. (A) Two places A and B are marked on the outline political map of the world, identify these places with the help of following
information and write their correct names on the lines marked near them: (1 × 2 = 2 M)
(i) The region not affected by the Great Fear.
(ii) The place where Napoleon Bonaparte was finally defeated in 1815.

B
B

A
A

(B) On the political map of India, locate ANY THREE locations Mountain Ranges and use the appropriate symbols to indicate
them.  3
(i) The Karakoram (ii) The Zaskar (iii) The Shivalik (iv) The Aravali

Sample Question Paper-3 171

 EXPLANATIONS
1. (a) The General Government during World War II was 12. (a) The initial step in developing a disaster prevention
an area in occupied Poland where many ghettos protocol is to identify the types of disasters most
and extermination camps were located, primarily likely to affect the area. (1 M)
targeting Jews. (1 M) 13. (d) Ex-Prime minister Mrs. Indira Gandhi released a
2. (a) A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV (1 M) special stamp entitled ‘Wheat Revolution’ in July,
3. (d) All of the above (1 M) 1968. (1 M)
14. (a) John Locke was a prominent philosopher who argued
4. (a) The hot weather season in India from March to May
against the Divine Right of Kings and advocated
is due to the northward movement of the Sun, which for a social contract where government powers are
shifts the global heat belt northward. (1 M) derived from the consent of the governed. (1 M)
5. (b) A-II, B-III, C-IV, D-I (1 M) 15. (c) A by-election is held to fill a vacancy that arises
6. (a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason due to the death, resignation, or disqualification
(R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A). (1 M) of a sitting member before the scheduled general
elections. (1 M)
16. (b) The famous cooperative AMUL is situated in Gujarat.
Nailing the Right Answer  (1 M)
17. (a) France had an absolute monarchy until the French
• Recognize that the poverty line estimation includes Revolution in 1789. India did not have a centralized
multiple subsistence needs beyond just food. absolute monarchy; instead, it had various regional
• 
When determining if (R) correctly explains (A), kingdoms and empires. (1 M)
consider how the broader subsistence requirements, 18. (c) The scenario highlights the lack of a level playing
including calorie needs, support the assertion. Make field, where smaller parties struggle against larger,
sure to align the reason with the assertion logically. resource-rich parties, affecting the fairness of the
electoral process. (1 M)
7. (c) Mahatma Gandhi, writing in his magazine Young 19. (a) While India has a large voter base, this does not
India in 1931, outlined his vision for the Indian ensure that elections are democratic. The other
Constitution. He emphasized the need for the three options are the good reasons to say that Indian
Constitution to ensure equality, eliminate social elections are democratic. (1 M)
hierarchies, and provide a voice to the poorest, 20. (b) Unemployment turns people into liability who can
fostering a society free from drugs, discrimination be an asset for the economy and hence, increase in
and oppression. (1 M) economic overload. (1 M)
21. (A) Reasons Bolsheviks Opposed Private Property:
8. (a) The Sambhar Lake is a saltwater lake in Rajasthan,
known for its high saline content. (1 M) (i) Root of Social ills: Private property was seen as
the root cause of social ills because it allowed
9. (a) The image shows the storming and demolition of individuals to exploit workers for personal gain.
the Bastille, a key event in the French Revolution  (1 M)
symbolizing the end of the king’s absolute power. (ii) C
 ollective Social Interests: The Bolsheviks
 (1 M) believed that if society as a whole controlled
10. (b) The MGNREGA provides at least 100 days of property, it would prioritize collective social
guaranteed wage employment in a financial year interests over individual profits. (1 M)
to every rural household whose adult members OR
volunteer to do unskilled manual work. (1 M) (B) Two Changes by the Bolsheviks in 1917:
11. (a) The Constituent Assembly was mainly composed (i) N
 ationalisation: Major industries and banks
of members from the Indian National Congress were nationalized to eliminate private ownership.
because it was elected by the Provincial Legislatures,  (1 M)
which were dominated by Congress at the time. This (ii) Land Redistribution: Land was declared social
ensured that Congress had significant representation property, and peasants were empowered to seize
in the Assembly, making the Reason (R) a correct land from the nobility, redistributing wealth and
explanation of the Assertion (A). (1 M) control​. (1 M)

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 (ii) High Altitude Valleys: The region features
picturesque high-altitude valleys like the Kashmir
Nailing the Right Answer Valley, which are known for their scenic beauty and
• To get this answer right, focus on the key reforms fertile soil. (1 M)
the Bolsheviks introduced immediately after (iii) Rich Biodiversity: The Kashmir Himalayas boast
taking power, such as nationalization and land diverse flora and fauna, with dense forests that are
redistribution. home to many endemic species, contributing to the
• Clearly explain how these changes directly impacted region’s rich biodiversity. (1 M)
Russian society, emphasizing the shift from private 27. The judiciary plays a very important role in protecting
to public ownership and the redistribution of land to public interest in India. This can be understood with the
the peasants. help of the following points:
(i) Judicial Review: The judiciary has the power of
22. Two Characteristics of Cold Weather Season in India:
judicial review, allowing it to strike down any law
Low Temperatures: During the cold weather
(i)  or executive action that violates the Constitution,
season, temperatures drop significantly, especially
safeguarding citizens’ rights. (1 M)
in northern India, with some regions experiencing
frost. (1 M) (ii)  Public Interest Litigation (PIL): Citizens can
directly approach the courts if the public interest is at
(ii) C
 lear Skies and Dry Conditions: The season is
characterized by clear skies and dry conditions, with risk, making the judiciary accessible for protecting
very little rainfall, leading to cold and dry winds human rights. (1 M)
across the plains. (1 M) (iii) Guardianship Role: The judiciary acts as a
23. The Election Commission enforces the Model Code of guardian of the Constitution and the fundamental
Conduct by monitoring election activities, reprimanding rights of the citizens, ensuring government actions
violators, and ensuring compliance through penalties. are lawful and just. (1 M)
It can even order a repoll if violations are significant 28. The Lakshadweep Islands are located in the Arabian Sea.
enough to impact the fairness of the election (2 M)  (1 M)
24. The poverty line is a way to measure poverty. It shows Two features of these islands are:
the minimum income or resources needed to meet basic (i) Coral Origin: The Lakshadweep Islands are
needs like food, clothing, and shelter. If someone’s primarily composed of coral atolls, making them rich
income is below this line, they are considered poor. (1 M) in marine biodiversity and beautiful coral reefs. (1 M)
Significance: It helps identify the population living in Small Size and Low Elevation: These islands
(ii) 
poverty and informs policy decisions aimed at poverty are small, with a total area of just 32 sq. km, and
alleviation​. (1 M) they are relatively flat and low-lying, making them
25. Three Inherent Defects in the Weimar Constitution vulnerable to sea-level rise. (1 M)
(i) Proportional Representation: Made it difficult
for any single party to achieve a majority, leading
to frequent coalition governments and political Mistakes 101 : What not to do!
instability. (1 M)
Students might confuse the Lakshadweep Islands with
(ii) Article 48: Allowed the President to declare other island groups, like the Andaman and Nicobar
emergencies, suspend civil rights, and rule by Islands. Another common mistake is failing to mention
decree, bypassing the Reichstag.  (1 M) specific features like their coral origin or small size,
(iii) F
 requent Changes in Government: The Weimar leading to a less detailed answer.
Republic witnessed 20 different cabinets in a short
span, averaging 239 days each, which undermined 29. (A) Three effective ways to stimulate economic growth
public confidence in democracy. (1 M) and create more jobs:
(i) Investment in Human Capital: Providing
26. Three Features of the Kashmir Himalayas: education, training, and healthcare to the
(i) Glaciers: The Kashmir Himalayas are known for population enhances their productivity and
extensive glaciers, including the famous Siachen ability to contribute effectively to the economy.
Glacier, which significantly influences the region’s This leads to higher economic growth and the
climate and water supply. (1 M) creation of more skilled jobs. (1 M)

Sample Question Paper-3 173

 (ii) P romotion of Small-Scale Industries: (iii) E
 limination of Opposition: Hitler banned all
Encouraging and supporting small-scale political parties and trade unions except for the
industries can lead to the creation of jobs, Nazi Party. This move consolidated all political
particularly in rural and underdeveloped areas. power under Nazi control​. (1 M)
These industries require less capital and can (iv) Establishment of Control Mechanisms: Hitler
employ a large number of people. (1 M) created special surveillance and security forces
(iii) Government Initiatives for Employment: The such as the Gestapo (secret state police), the
government can play a crucial role in generating SS (protection squads), and the SD (Security
employment by launching various schemes
Service) to enforce Nazi policies and suppress
and programs that focus on infrastructure
development, agricultural enhancement, and dissent​. (1 M)
support for self-employment ventures. (1 M) (v) Economic Measures: Hitler initiated a state-
OR funded work-creation program to reduce
(B) T he social and economic groups that are more unemployment and stimulate the economy,
vulnerable to poverty are: which helped gain popular support and stabilize
(i) S ocial Groups: Scheduled Castes (SCs) his rule​. (1 M)
and Scheduled Tribes (STs) are particularly
vulnerable to poverty. These groups face higher
levels of social exclusion and are often deprived Mistakes 101 : What not to do!
of equal opportunities, leading to higher poverty • Students might incorrectly attribute all of Hitler’s
rates among them. (1 M) actions to the start of his rule without recognizing
(ii) Economic Groups: Rural agricultural labor the gradual process of consolidating power.
households and urban casual labor households • Another mistake is missing specific legal steps, like
are the most economically vulnerable. These the Enabling Act or the Fire Decree, which were
groups have irregular and low-paying jobs, crucial in establishing his dictatorship.
which increases their risk of poverty. (1 M)
(iii) I nequality within Families: Within poor
OR
families, women, elderly people, and female
infants often suffer more than others, as they (B) Consequences of Nazism in Germany:
are denied equal access to resources, further (i) Human Rights Violations: The regime
increasing their vulnerability to poverty.(1 M) implemented a genocidal policy, resulting in
the Holocaust, where six million Jews and
millions of others were exterminated. (1 M)
Nailing the Right Answer (ii) S
 uppression of Dissent: Political repression
• Clearly identify the specific social and economic led to the imprisonment, torture, and execution
groups, such as SCs, STs, and labor households. of political opponents, creating a climate of
• Explain the reasons behind their vulnerability, focusing fear and oppression.  (1 M)
on issues like social exclusion, irregular employment, (iii) E
 conomic Impact: Initially, Nazi policies led
and inequality within families to create a well-rounded to economic recovery through public works
response. and rearmament, but the war and its aftermath
30. (A) Steps Taken by Hitler to Establish His Dictatorial devastated the economy. (1 M)
Rule in Germany: (iv) S
 ocial Indoctrination: Nazi ideology
(i) F
 ire Decree (28 February 1933): After a fire permeated all aspects of life, from education to
in the Reichstag, Hitler used the Fire Decree youth organizations, instilling anti-Semitic and
to suspend civil rights like freedom of speech, ultra-nationalist beliefs in the population.(1 M)
press, and assembly, which were guaranteed by (v) I nternational Isolation and War: Aggressive
the Weimar Constitution​. (1 M) foreign policies and territorial expansions led to
(ii) Enabling Act (3 March 1933): This Act gave World War II, resulting in immense destruction
Hitler the power to legislate without parliamen-
and Germany’s eventual defeat and occupation
tary consent, effectively sidelining the Reich-
by Allied forces. (1 M)
stag and establishing a dictatorship​. (1 M)

174 SOCIAL SCIENCE P

W
 31. (A) Importance of the Right to Freedom of Religion and 32. (A) 
Duns are longitudinal valleys found between the
Its Contribution to India’s Secular Nature: Siwalik and the lesser Himalayas. They are formed by
the deposition of materials brought by rivers. (1 M)
(i) Secures Religious Freedom: The Right to Freedom
of Religion allows every individual in India to Differences Between Inner and Lesser Himalayas:
profess, practice, and propagate their religion,  (1 M for each point)
safeguarding personal faith and beliefs.  (1 M) Aspect Inner Himalayas Lesser Himalayas
(ii) Ensures Secularism: It upholds India’s secular (Greater Himalayas)
nature by preventing the state from favoring or Altitude The Inner Himalayas The Lesser Himala-
discriminating against any religion, ensuring are at much higher yas have lower ele-
equality among all faiths.  (1 M) altitudes, featuring vations compared to
peaks like Mount Ev- the Inner Himalayas.
(iii) Prohibits Religious Coercion: The right strictly erest, which are some
prohibits forcing anyone to convert to another of the highest in the
religion through force or threat, preserving individual world.
autonomy.  (1 M) Climate The Inner Himalayas The Lesser Himala-
(iv) Prevents Religious Discrimination: It ensures that experience a cold and yas enjoy a milder,
no person can be discriminated against based on severe climate, with more temperate cli-
religion, maintaining harmony in a diverse society. snow-covered peaks mate, making them
 (1 M) throughout the year. more suitable for
(v) Neutral Governance: The state cannot impose habitation.
religious taxes or enforce religious teachings in Vegetation Due to the extreme The Lesser Hima-
government institutions, ensuring that governance climate, the Inner Hi- layas are character-
remains neutral and impartial.  (1 M) malayas have sparse ized by dense forests
vegetation, with lim- and a wide variety of
OR ited flora. plant species.
(B) The significance of fundamental rights in the Indian Topography The Inner Himalayas The Lesser Himala-
Constitution: have steep and rug- yas feature gentler
ged terrain, making slopes and more
(i) Foundation of Democracy: Fundamental Rights
them challenging for habitable valleys,
are essential as they provide the foundation for
settlement. allowing for greater
democracy, ensuring the protection of individual
human settlement.
freedoms and dignity. (1 M)
OR
(ii) Safeguarding Citizens’ rights: These rights
safeguard citizens from the arbitrary actions (B) Significant Differences Between the Himalayan and
of the state, ensuring that no citizen is unjustly the Peninsular Rivers:
deprived of their rights. (1 M) (i) O
 rigin and Course: Himalayan rivers originate
(iii) 
Equality and Justice: They promote social from glaciers and have a perennial flow,
equality by prohibiting discrimination and whereas Peninsular rivers are rain-fed and have
ensuring equal treatment for all under the law. a seasonal flow. (1 M)
 (1 M)
(ii) Erosion and Sediment: Himalayan rivers
(iv) Empowerment: Fundamental Rights em- carry large amounts of sediment due to intense
power citizens to participate in the demo- erosion, forming extensive plains, while
cratic process. Citizens have the freedom to Peninsular rivers have less erosional activity
hold peaceful meetings, processions, rallies and smaller deltas. (1 M)
and demonstrations on any issue. (1 M)
(iii) V
 alley Formation: Himalayan rivers carve out
(v) Protection of Minorities: Fundamental Rights
deep V-shaped valleys, while Peninsular rivers
play a crucial role in protecting the interests of
flow through wide, shallow valleys. (1 M)
minority communities. They prevent the majority
from dominating or oppressing minorities, (iv) Flood Potential: Due to the large volume of
ensuring that everyone has equal access to water, Himalayan rivers often cause floods,
opportunities and protection under the law​. unlike the Peninsular rivers which have lesser
 (1 M) flood potential. (1 M)

Sample Question Paper-3 175

 (v) D
 rainage Pattern: The Himalayan rivers though its contribution to GDP is relatively low. This
exhibit a dendritic drainage pattern, while indicates that many people depend on agriculture for
the Peninsular rivers have a radial or trellis their livelihood. (1 M)
drainage pattern. (1 M)
Small and Marginal Farmers: Most farmers in
(ii) 
India own small plots of land, leading to fragmented
and inefficient farming practices. (1 M)
Nailing the Right Answer
Major Problems in the Agricultural Sector:

• To answer this correctly, clearly distinguish between
the origins, flow patterns, and geological impacts of (i) L
 ack of Irrigation: Many areas in India still
the two river systems. depend on monsoon rains for irrigation, leading to
uncertainty in crop production and vulnerability to
• Mention key differences like the perennial nature
droughts. (1 M)
of Himalayan rivers and the seasonal flow of
Peninsular rivers. Including specifics on erosion, (ii) L  ow Income and Poverty: Due to low productivity
valley formation, and drainage patterns ensures a and lack of market access, farmers often earn very
detailed and accurate response. little, leading to widespread poverty in rural areas.
 (1 M)
34. (i) In 1904, the real wages of the Russian workers
33. (A) The steps taken in the 10th Five Year Plan to increase declined by 20 per cent. (1 M)
enrolment in higher education:
(ii) At St. Petersburg workers on strike were demanding
(i) Expansion of Institutions: The government a reduction in the working hours to eight hours.
planned to establish more colleges and  (1 M)
universities, especially in rural and underserved
areas, to make higher education more accessible. (iii) 
Strikes took place all over the country and
 (1 M) universities closed down when student bodies
staged walkouts, complaining about the lack of
(ii) Introduction of New Courses: New and civil liberties. Lawyers, doctors, engineers and
diverse courses were introduced to cater to the other middle-class workers established the Union of
changing needs of the economy, such as IT, Unions and demanded a constituent assembly. (2 M)
biotechnology, and management. (1 M)
35. (i) Urban areas have mostly educated unemployment.
(iii) Distance Education Programs: Efforts
(1 M)
were made to expand and strengthen distance
education, allowing more students, especially (ii) In India, the rate of unemployment is low.  (1 M)
those who couldn’t attend regular classes, to
(iii) The most labor-absorbing sector of the economy in
enroll in higher education. (1 M)
India is the primary sector. This is indicated by the
(iv) Scholarships and Financial Support: More presence of seasonal and disguised unemployment
scholarships and financial aid programs were in rural areas, which suggests that a large portion of
introduced to help economically weaker the population is engaged in agricultural and related
students afford higher education. (1 M) activities, making it a labor-intensive sector.  (2 M)
Improvement in Quality: Steps were taken to
(v)  36. (i)  obert Mugabe ensured his continued rule by
R
improve the quality of education by upgrading changing the constitution several times to increase
infrastructure, modernizing syllabi, and training presidential powers and by using unfair practices
teachers to meet global standards. (1 M) during elections. (1 M)
OR (ii) The frequent changes to the constitution in Zimbabwe
(B) The workforce population generally includes people undermined democracy by concentrating power
in the age group of 15 to 59 years. This group is in the President’s hands, reducing accountability,
considered capable of working and contributing and weakening checks and balances, leading to an
economically to the country. (1 M) erosion of democratic principles.  (1 M)
(iii) The harassment of opposition parties in Zimbabwe
Existing Employment Structure in the Agricultural suppressed political opposition, weakened the
Sector in India: democratic process, and created an environment
Dominance of Agriculture: A large portion of
(i)  of fear and repression, where genuine political
India’s population is engaged in agriculture, even competition was severely undermined. (2 M)

176 SOCIAL SCIENCE P

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 37. (A) (i) Alsace (1 M)
(ii) Waterloo (1 M)
(B) (Any three)  (3 M)

The Karakoram

The Zaskar

Shivalik

The Aravali

Sample Question Paper-3 177

 CBSE
Class IX
Social Science
Sample Paper 1
Time: 3 hrs Total Marks: 80

General Instructions:
a) The question paper is divided into four sections – Section A, Section B, Section C and
Section D.
b) The question paper has 26 questions in all.
c) All questions are compulsory.
d) Marks are indicated against each question.
e) Questions from serial number 1 to 7 are very short answer type questions. Each
question carries one mark.
f) Questions from serial number 8 to 18 are 3 marks questions. Answer of these
questions should not exceed 80 words each.
g) Questions from serial number 19 to 25 are 5 marks questions. Answer of these
questions should not exceed 100 words each.
h) Question number 26 is a map question of 5 marks with two parts -26 A from History
(2 marks) and 26 B from Geography (3 marks).

SECTION A

1. Give two prominent names of Russian revolutionaries? (1)

OR
Name two prominent industrial areas in Russia at the beginning of the twentieth
century.

2. What is Nazism? (1)

OR
What rights were given by the government to French people in the ‘French monarchy’?

3. Name one Fundamental right of the citizens.

OR
Which Rights are making constitution as a guarantor of fundamental rights in India (1)

4. Who are political executives in a democracy? (1)

5. What is urban migration

OR
Define death rate. (1)

6. Who said, “India would be truly independent only when the poorest of its people
become free of human suffering”? (1)
7. Money bills passed by the Lok Sabha can be delayed by the president. True/False
(1)
SECTION B

8. The French Revolution was inevitable. Give reasons to prove your argument.
OR
What led to political crisis in France? (3)

9. Explain the role of women in Germany during Hitler’s dictatorship.

(3}
10. "Explain two physiographic divisions of India."
OR
Discuss the location, extent, climate and natural vegetation of the Great Indian Desert. (3)

11. "In democracy the people are king “. Explain. (3)

12. List down three sectors of economy and explain. (3)

13. India has advantage in trade because of its position geographically. Give three reasons. (3)

14. What do you understand by the term ‘preamble’? Why did the framers of the Indian
Constitution make it flexible? (3)

15. What is poverty line and how to determine the same in India? (3)

16. The India follows the system of checks and balances rather just separation of power.
Support the statement by giving three arguments. (3)

17. Mention and explain government schemes that ensure food security in India.

18. Discuss positive and negative aspects of globalization. (3)

19. Who was the head of constituent Assembly in India and how was the Constitutional
Assembly of India formed? (3)

SECTION C

20. The introduction of railways had an adverse impact on the forests. Justify by giving
examples. (5)
OR
In what ways the British administer the affairs of the Maasai? What was its impact on
the community?
OR
21. How India is a monsoonal country. Explain. (5)
OR
Discuss any five climatic conditions that determine the climate of India.
22. What do you mean by white Revolution? Why was the major impact of white
Revolution? (5)

23. The colonial rule, led to economic and cultural exploitation. Do you agree? Give reasons
to support your answer. (5)

24. Discuss the October Revolution in Russia. (5)

25. What is a constitution amendment? Why do we need it? Explain its advantages and
disadvantages. (5)
OR
Elaborate on the philosophy and values that are enshrined in the Indian Constitution.

26. State five differences between the Russian revolution and the French revolution.

SECTION D

26 (A) On an outline map of the world, two nations A and B are marked. These are Allied
powers that participated in the First World War. Identify these countries and write
their correct names on the lines marked on the map. (2)

26(B) On the given political outline map of India locate the following features with
appropriate symbols: (3)
a. Tropic of Cancer
b. Malwa Plateau
c. Wular lake
d. Chotanagpur Plateau
e. The state having a high density of population
 CBSE
Class IX
Social Science
Sample Paper 1
Solutions

SECTION A

Answer 1
‘Lenin and Stalin’
OR
Two prominent industrial areas in Russia at the beginning of the twentieth century were
Moscow and St. Petersburg.

Answer 2
It is a set of political beliefs associated with the Nazi Party of Germany. It started in the
1920s. Party gained power in 1933, starting the Third Reich. They lasted in Germany until
1945, at the end of World War II.

Answer 3
Right to vote or right to property is a constitutional right of the citizens.
OR
Under the right to Constitutional Remedies, citizens can to move the Supreme Court in
order to enforce the other Fundamental Rights conferred on them.

Answer 4
Political executive are president/governor who are appointed in s government on a short
term basis.

Answer 5
The process of people moving from rural areas to cities. By the mid-1970s, rural to urban
migration numbered 250,000 people annually.
OR
Death rate is the number of deaths per thousand persons in a year.

Answer 6
Mahatma Gandhi said that “India would be truly independent only when the poorest of its
people become free of human suffering”.

Answer 7
Rajya Sabha can delay the money bills passed by the Lok Sabha up to fourteen days.
 SECTION B

Answer 8
The French Revolution was inevitable because:
a. There was an increased burden of taxation on the people of the third estate. The
members of first two estates did not pay any taxes and enjoyed all privileges.
b. The French Monarchs and nobles engaged themselves in luxurious and extravagance
at the royal court. The monarchs did not care for the well-being of the people.
c. Teachers, lawyers, writers, merchants and intellectuals formed the third estate. They
opposed the repressive taxation system and privileges enjoyed by the members of
the first two estates
Thus, the dictatorship of the monarchy, the system of privileges and the old regime's lack of
respect for human rights were some of the reasons which made the French revolution
inevitable.
OR
Subsistence crisis is a situation in which people are not even able to satisfy their basic
necessities. From 1715 to 1789, the population of France increased from about 23 million
to 28 million. This led to a raise in demand for the food grains. However, the production
was not enough for the demand. This resulted in a rapid increase in price of the bread
which was the staple diet of majority.
On the other hand, most of the workers were employed as labourers in workshops whose
owner fixed their wages. This made them unable to keep pace with the increasing prices.
Due to these reasons, the gap widened between the poor and the rich. This forced
subsistence crisis over France.

Answer 9
The Nazis saw women as mothers whose main work was to become good mothers and rear
pure-blooded Aryan children. They had to teach Nazi ideologies to their children.
Girls were expected to maintain the purity of race and had to distance themselves from the
Jews. All mothers were not equally treated in Nazi Germany. Those mothers who gave birth
to undesirable, mental or physically unfit children were punished. Those who produced
racially desirable children were awarded and honoured. Those women who maintained
relations with the Jews, Russians and Poles were paraded with shaved heads and were
jailed.

Answer 10
The physical features of India are complimentary to each other as they all make our
country rich in diverse natural resources. The Himalayas are the sources of water and
forest wealth. They also influence the climate of India. The Northern Indian Plains are
agriculturally productive and make India rich in food grains. The Peninsular Plateau region
is rich in mineral resources and forests. This has led to the development of industries in the
country. The coastal regions and island provide site of tourism, fishing and port activities.
All these have led to the development of our country.
OR
Location and extent: The Great Indian Desert or the Thar Desert is located in western part
of the country covering western Rajasthan and north Gujarat.
Climate: This region receives very low rainfall below 150 mm per year. It has arid and
extreme climate. It becomes too hot during summers and too cold during winters.
Natural vegetation: The Thar desert has sparse and scanty vegetation. The plants have
waxy leaves to minimise transpiration. The roots of the plants go deep into the soil in
search of water.

Answer 11
In a democracy, the rulers or the government is elected by the people. Political leaders are
thus the representatives of the people. These leaders are not free to do whatever they like
because they are elected by the people to work for the benefit of the common people. If the
leaders do not work according to the wishes of the people, they may not get elected the
next time. Thus, they have to work according to the wishes of the people. The people decide
who will come to power next. They can easily remove rulers from power through elections.

Answer 12
The three-sector model in economics divides economies into three sectors of activity:
extraction of raw materials (primary), manufacturing (secondary), and services
(tertiary).

Answer 13
The reasons why India enjoys a strategic position with reference to International Trade
Route are:
a. India is centrally located between East and the West Asia. This allows them to be in
contact with countries on both its side.
b. Secondly, there is a Trans Indian Ocean route that helps India to connect with the
countries of Europe in the West and countries in East Asia.
c. Finally, the southernmost part of the country known as Deccan Peninsula protrudes
into the Indian Ocean thereby helping in maintaining contact with the West Asia,
Africa and Europe from the western coast and with Southeast and East Asia from the
eastern coast.

Answer 14
The Preamble is a draft or soul of constitution.

Answer 15
Suresh Tendulkar Committee defined the poverty line on the basis of monthly spending
on food, education, health, electricity and transport. According to this estimate, a person
who spends Rs. 27.2 in rural areas and Rs. 33.3 in urban areas a day are defined as living
below the poverty line.

Answer 16
 Article 50: State shall take steps to separate the judiciary from the executive. This is
for the purpose of ensuring the independence of the judiciary.
 Article 122 and 212: validity of proceedings in Parliament and the Legislatures
cannot be called into question in any Court.
Answer 17
Three suggested methods that should be taken to make India food secure are:
a. Sustainable farming puts the environmental resources of soil, water and trees to use
without degrading them. It has a strong emphasis on social welfare which effectively
means increasing income and food supply to poor farmers.
b. Food security depends not only on raising production but on reducing distortions in
the structure of the food market and on shifting the focus of food production to food
deficit regions and households.
c. Governments should regulate the entire food cycle i.e. inputs and outputs, domestic
sales, exports, public procurement, storage, distribution, price controls, subsidies and
also imposing various land use regulations such as acreage and crop variety.

Answer 18
Positive aspects: Food security in India is essential for the poor people. It is because more
than one-fourth of population is living below the poverty line. Further, agriculture in India
hugely depends on rainfall. In cases of failure of rainfall, many areas suffer from famines
which results in the untimely deaths of many people because of starvation and epidemic
diseases. Kalahandi and Kashipur in Odisha are places which have been suffering from
famines since many years. Therefore, food security is required in the country.
Negative aspects: Limited benefit to the poor, regional disparities in PDS benefits, burden
of food subsidy, urban bias, high operational cost, inefficient government machinery,
regional disparities in PDS benefits, increase in prices, problem of larger buffer stocks are
the drawbacks of food security system in India.

Answer 19
The Constituent Assembly was formed in 1946. The idea of making the Constituent
Assembly for framing the Constitution of India was devised by the Cabinet Mission Plan.
Elections to the Constituent Assembly were held in July 1946. Its members were elected
from various constituencies. Later, in 1947, the Constituent Assembly was divided into the
Constituent Assembly of India and that of Pakistan.
The Constituent Assembly of India consisted of the elected representatives of various
provinces who were eminent personalities in their own fields. Some of the members were
Dr. B.R Ambedkar, Dr. Rajendra Prasad, Sarojini Naidu and Nehru. The Constituent
Assembly of India held several meetings, discussions, and debates and passed various draft
resolutions to frame the Constitution of the country. Our Constitution came into force on 26
Jan, 1950.

SECTION C

Answer 20
Introduction and spread of railways from 1850s created a new demand for wood. It had an
adverse impact on the forests because:
a. Need for sleepers: Sleepers were the primary input for constructing a railway line.
They were essential to hold the tracks together. Each mile of a railway track required
between 1,760 and 2,000 sleepers. This led to the rapid exhaustion of wood.
b. As early as in 1850s, in Madras Presidency alone, 35,000 trees were being cut annually
for sleepers.
 c. Fuel: Initially wood was needed as fuel to run railways. As railways began to expand,
forests began to be cut down in large numbers.
d. From 1860s, the railway network expanded rapidly. By 1890, about 25,500 km of track
was laid down. The length of the track increased to over 765,000 km by 1946. As
railway tracks spread throughout the country, increasing number of trees began to be
fallen.
e. The government gave contracts to private individuals to supply timber to them. The
contractors fell the trees indiscriminately. As a result, forests around the railway track
began to disappear.
OR
The British wanted to control the people of the Maasai tribe. To achieve this aim, they
introduced several measures which affected the social structure of the tribe. The chiefs of
different Maasai subgroups were appointed by the British. These chiefs were made
responsible for the affairs of the tribe. The British placed several restrictions on the
traditional Maasai practice of raiding and warfare.
The chiefs appointed by the colonial government gradually became rich over a period of
time as they had regular flow of income which was used by them for purchasing animals,
goods and land. They also began to trade in various goods. They managed to survive the
effects of wars and droughts.
However, the common poor pastoralists of the Maasai who mainly depended on the
livestock suffered because of the colonial restrictions imposed on grazing. During wars and
famines, they mostly lost their cattle. Thus, most of them went to towns looking for work.
They worked as construction workers and charcoal burners.
The Maasai community, thus, came to be divided between the rich and the poor. The
distinction between the elders and young Maasai which existed earlier also began to
disappear.

Answer 21
India has a monsoon type of climate. Rainfall occurs only for about three to four months
and is uneven, unreliable and erratic in nature. Rainy season in India extends from June to
mid- September. Sometimes at the time of arrival, the rainfall pours heavily which is
commonly known as the burst of the monsoons. The monsoon first arrives at the southern
tip of the subcontinent. It then gets separated into two branches; the Arabian Sea branch
and the Bay of Bengal branch. The rains from the Arabian Sea strikes Mumbai on
approximately June 10, while the Bay of Bengal branch brings rainfall to Assam. Because
the mountains in the northeast causes the rain bearing winds to drift to the Indo-Gangetic
plains, the region experiences rainfall by late June and early July. The rainfall reaches
Himachal Pradesh by mid-July.
While it rains heavily in north eastern parts of the country, Kerala and on the western
slopes of the Western Ghats, moderate rainfall is experienced in the south eastern parts of
the country and the Indo Gangetic Plains. Scanty rainfall is experienced in western parts of
Rajasthan, Punjab, Haryana and Gujarat.
OR
Five climatic conditions that determine the climate of India are:
a. Latitude: The Tropic of Cancer passes through India at 23°26′ to the north of the
equator. Tropic of Cancer divides the country into two halves. The areas in India which
lie to the north of the Tropic of Cancer are sub-tropical regions, while areas to the
 south of the Tropic of Cancer are tropical regions. Temperature remains high
throughout the tropical regions.
b. Altitude: As we go above the sea level, the temperature starts declining. Thus
temperature decreases with an increase in altitude. There is a decrease of 10C for every
166 m rise in the height. This is the reason that hill stations like Nainital are cooler
than the plain region.
c. The Himalayas: The Himalayas act as a barrier to moisture laden South West
monsoon winds. This causes rainfall over the northern plains. It also act as a barrier to
cold winds that blow from central Asia and thus prevent the Northern Plains from
becoming freezing cold.
d. Air Pressure and Surface Winds: During summer season North West Monsoon winds
blow over India brining rainfall over much of the country. During winters, North East
Winds blow from land to sea and does not cause much precipitation except in some
parts of Tamil Nadu.
e. Relief Features: Presence of relief features like hills and mountains all over the
country determine the amount of rainfall that a place get. North Eastern India receive
heavy rainfall because of the presence of mountains in the region. Rajasthan receive
scarce rainfall because it lies in the rain shadow region of the Aravalli ranges.
Answer 22
The revolution associated with a sharp increase in milk production in the country is called
the White Revolution in India also known as Operation Flood. White revolution period
intended to make India a self-dependent nation in milk production.

Answer 23
Colonial rule was responsible to some extent for the widespread poverty/ECONOMIC
EXPLOITATION in India.
 The British formulated policies which did not encourage the Indian economy. In order
to give protection to the British industries, the traditional and village handicraft
industries which provided employment to a number of people in the villages were
systematically ruined by the British government.
 The British wanted India to remain a market of British goods and commodities.
Hence, the policy of free trade was followed.
 No attention was paid towards the development of modern industries in India as the
British wanted India to remain an agricultural country so that it may keep on
providing raw materials to the British government.
 Due to the above reasons, the Indian economy lacked growth. This was accompanied
by a sharp rise in the population of the country.
All the above reasons led to widespread poverty in India.

Answer 24
The OCTOBER Revolution in Russia took place in October in 1917.
 During the First World War, Russia was ruled by Tsar Nicholas II. He refused to
consult the Russian Parliament Duma and dissolved it.
 In February 1917, there were food shortages in Russia. While the working class was
disgruntled because of the shortages of food supplies, the Parliamentarians opposed
the decision of the Tsar to dissolve the Duma.
  On22 February, there was a lockout at a factory by the workers. More workers from
other factories joined them. Many women led the strike in factories. This came to be
known as International Women’s Day. Curfew was imposed by the Government.
 Politicians, workers and middle class were later joined by the cavalry and soldiers.
Workers formed a ‘soviet’ which later came to be known as the Petrograd Soviet.
 As a result, the Tsar abdicated the throne, and a new provisional government was
formed by the Soviet leaders. The February Revolution finally brought an end to the
Russian monarchy in February 1917.

Answer 24
A constitution is a set of fundamental principles or rules according to which a state or other
organisation is governed. Apart from laying down the powers and functions of the
government, it also incorporates the rights, freedom and duties of the citizens. A
Constitution is necessary because of the following reasons:
a. It is an important law of the land. It determines the relationship of the citizens with the
governments.
b. It lays down principles and guidelines which are required for people belonging to
different ethnic and religious groups to live in harmony.
c. It specifies on how the Government would be elected and who will have the power and
the responsibility to take important decisions.
d. It outlines the limits on the power of the Government and tells us about the rights of
the citizens.
e. It expresses the aspirations of the people about creating a good society.
OR
The Indian Constitution is one of the lengthiest constitutions in the world. It contains laws
of the land and have given detailed description of the working of the government. The
values of the Indian Constitution are embedded in the Preamble of the Indian Constitution.
It provide guidelines to all the articles of the Indian Constitution. The preamble contains
the philosophy on which the entire constitution has been built. It provides a standard to
examine and evaluate any law and action of the government and to find out if it is good or
bad. Preamble is the soul of the Indian Constitution.
The Preamble declared India to be a sovereign, secular, socialist, democratic republic.
The values of justice, liberty, equality and fraternity are embedded in the preamble of
the Indian Constitution.

Answer 25
A difference between the two revolutions is that the Russians had an unsuccessful "pre-
revolution" in 1905.
The French decided towards a democracy while the Russian government became
communist. Both the French and Russian revolutions had similar causes but ended up
with different results.
 SECTION D
Answer 26 (A)

Answer 26 (B)
 CBSE
Class IX
Social Science
Sample Paper 2
Time: 3 hrs Total Marks: 80

General Instructions:
a) The question paper is divided into four sections – Section A, Section B, Section C and
Section D.
b) The question paper has 26 questions in all.
c) All questions are compulsory.
d) Marks are indicated against each question.
e) Questions from serial number 1 to 7 are very short answer type questions. Each
question carries one mark.
f) Questions from serial number 8 to 18 are 3 marks questions. Answer of these
questions should not exceed 80 words each.
g) Questions from serial number 19 to 25 are 5 marks questions. Answer of these
questions should not exceed 100 words each.
h) Question number 26 is a map question of 5 marks with two parts -26 A from History
(2 marks) and 26 B from Geography (3 marks).

SECTION A

1. In which regions of India do the Monsoon rainfall occur in India? (1)

2. The Russian revolution backbone has to be the peasants for bigger change. True/False(1)

3. What is latitude? (1)

4. What is democracy? (1)

5. What is constitution? State one of its main functions. (1)

6. What is the meaning of the term ‘sovereign’? (1)

7. What is a ‘writ’? (1)

SECTION B

8. Mention any two problems which were faced by opium cultivators in India. (3)

9. Mention and discuss impact of First World War? (3)

10. Are you in favour of the apartheid system or against it? Why? Give reasons. (3)
11. A vast difference is noticed across different sections of the population as far as
education is concerned’. Justify the statement. (3)

12. Discuss three main characteristics of the winter season in India. (3)

13. Explain the system of food security in India. (3)

14. Mention any three powers of president of India. (3)

15. What separate provisions enjoyed by the minority communities in India? (3)

16. Generation of employment programmes are important in poverty alleviation in India.

Justify the statement. (3)

17. Differentiate between Himalayan and peninsula rivers. (3)

18. Explain the provisions of Mandal Commission report. Give reasons. (3)

SECTION C

19. What were the consequences of the February revolution of 1917 in Russia? (5)

20. What is your opinion on which form of government is better- democracy or dictatorship
Give reasons? (5)

21. What is human development Index? Explain the criteria’s for measuring it in detail (5)

22. State any five objectives of the preamble. (5)

23. Explain the activities in Palampur village for economic production. (5)

24. How to protect wildlife of the country? Give 5 ways to do it. (5)

25. Explain the French revolution causes and any two consequences. (5)
 SECTION D

26 (A) On an outline map of the world, two nations A and B are marked. A is a European
nation which was a part of Axis Powers in the Second World War and B is an Asian nation
country which was a part of Central Power in the First World [Link] these countries
and write their correct names on the lines marked on the map. (2)

26 (B) On the given political outline map of India locate the following features with
appropriate symbols: (3)
a. River Ganga
b. The Karakoram mountain range
c. Orissa
 CBSE
Class IX
Social Science
Sample Paper 2
Solutions

SECTION A

Answer 1
By the first week of July, the entire country experiences monsoon rain; on average,
South India receives more rainfall than North India. However, Northeast India receives
the most precipitation. Monsoon clouds begin retreating from North India by the end of
August; it withdraws from Mumbai by 5 October.

Answer 2
True.
Some Russian socialists felt that the Russian peasant custom of dividing land periodically
made them natural socialists and hence felt that the peasants and not workers would be the
main force of the Russian Revolution.

Answer 3
The latitudinal extent of mainland India is 8°4'N and 37°6'N and longitudinal extent is
68°7'E and 97°25'E.

Answer 4
Democracy as a system of government with four key elements: i) A system for choosing and
replacing the government through free and fair elections; ii) Active participation of the
people, as citizens, in politics and civic life.

Answer 5
The Constitution has three main functions. First it creates a national government
consisting of a legislative, an executive, and a judicial branch, with a system of checks and
balances among the three branches. Second, it divides power between the federal
government and the states.

Answer 6
The word ‘Sovereign’ is enshrined in the Preamble of our Constitution which means that
the country is independent.

Answer 7
A writ is a formal written order, issued by the Supreme Court and the High Courts to
provide legal remedies to individuals who do not get adequate protection under ordinary
laws.
 SECTION B

Answer 8
Problems faced by opium cultivators in India:
 Opium could be grown only on fertile lands which meant that instead of growing food
crops such as wheat and pulses, farmers had to grow opium. The cultivation of food
crops was then shifted to lands of inferior quality which yielded low and poor harvests.
 The British paid very low prices for opium to farmers. Because the British government
established its monopoly over opium trade in many regions, farmers had to sell opium
to them at extremely low prices fixed by the government.

Answer 9
The First World War had a disastrous impact on Europe. These were:
 The economy of Europe weakened as a result of the First World War. From a continent
of creditors, Europe turned into one of debtors.
 During the war, soldiers were glorified and were ranked higher than the civilians.
However, in reality soldiers fighting on the war front lived a miserable lives in trenches.
They faced poisonous gases and enemy shelling constantly. Many soldiers died during
the war.
 Popular support grew for conservative dictatorships that had recently come into
existence. Democracy was indeed a young and fragile idea, which could not survive the
instabilities of interwar Europe.

Answer 10
Apartheid refers to the racial discrimination made on the basis of the colour of skin. This
policy was followed in South Africa where the government comprising the ‘whites’
followed the policy of apartheid in which the natives called ‘blacks’ and the ‘coloured’
(people of mixed races and Indians) were treated as inferiors.
I am not in favour of the apartheid system because it discriminates among people on the
basis of the colour of their skin. In South Africa, apartheid denied the principle of equality
and justice to the ‘blacks’ and the people of mixed race. The coloured and blacks could not
even enter churches which were reserved for the whites. Thus, the policy of apartheid aims
at denying economic, political, religious and social equality to ‘non-whites’.

Answer 11
Over the last decade, the literacy rate in India has greatly increased. The rate of literacy has
gone up tremendously in Himachal Pradesh and Rajasthan after the implementation of free
education in villages. The literacy rates have increased from 18% in 1951 to 74% in 2010-
11. However, there is a wide gender disparity prevailing in the Indian literacy rate. Literacy
among males is nearly 16.6% higher than females and it is about 16.1% higher in urban
areas as compared to rural areas. The literacy rate also differs from state to state. It varies
from 96% in some districts of Kerala to below 62% in Bihar. Thus, there is a vast difference
prevailing across different sections of the population.
Answer 12
Important characteristics of cold weather season in India are:
 The cold weather season in India begins during mid-November in Northern India and
stays till February. December and January are the coldest months.
 During the cold season, the days are warm and nights are cold.
 When temperature decreases, frost is commonly experienced in Northern India
 The cold season in most parts of the country is the dry season as northeast trade winds
blow from land to sea.
 Many cyclonic disturbances occur over northern India during this time. These results in
rainfall during winters and snow fall in the Himalayan regions. This winter rainfall
helps in the cultivation of the rabi crops.

Answer 13
Role of co-operatives in food security in India:
 They provide food security in the country, especially in the southern and western
parts.
 They have set up shops to sell low-priced goods to the poor. For example, in Tamil
Nadu, about 94% of all fair price shops are run by co-operatives.
 It has brought about the White Revolution in the country. Example: Amul selling milk
and milk products.
 In Maharashtra, a co-operative called the Academy of Development Studies (ADS) has
facilitated a network of NGOs for establishing grain banks in different regions. It has
organised training and capacity building programmes on food security for NGOs. This
has been done to set up grain banks to facilitate replication through other NGOs and
to influence the government’s policy on food security.

Answer 14
I) The President is not a member of either house of the Parliament. But she is an integral
part of the legislative process. She plays an important role in making of laws.

(ii) The President has the power to dissolve the Lok -Sabha. She can summon joint sitting
of both houses of Parliament.

(iii) The President has the power to send messages to either house of the Parliament
either regarding any pending bill or any other matter.

Answer 15
Cultural and educational rights enjoyed by minority communities in India:
 Admission to any educational institution maintained by the government cannot be
denied to any citizen on the grounds of religion or language.
 Any section of the population with a distinct language or culture has the right to
conserve it.
 All minorities in the country have the right to set up and administer educational
institutions of their choice.
Answer 16
Poverty and employment are twin problems existing in India. Poverty can be eradicated
effectively only when the poor take part in the growth process. Therefore, various
employment programmes are launched to achieve this target.
Employment generation reduces poverty as follows:
 Relationship between unemployment and poverty: If employment opportunities are
generated, then more people will be employed which leads to an increase in the
income level. Thus, it reduces the level of poverty.
 Availability of basic facilities: Because of an increase in employment opportunities,
there will be a rise in income and the poor will be able to access education, basic health
facilities and sanitation.
 Assets creation: Employment generates schemes which aim to create assets such as
irrigation facilities, water harvesting and construction of dams. These assets help
develop socioeconomic conditions of the rural poor and thus eradicate poverty.

Answer 17
The Peninsular rivers are non-perennial which means they receive water from glacier
and rainfall whereas Himalayan rivers are perennial which means they are seasonal-
dependent on monsoon. The Peninsular river have narrow catchment area whereas the
Himalayan rivers have large catchment area

Answer 18
 The Mandal Commission established in 1979 was headed by the Indian
parliamentarian B.P. Mandal.
 Although the decision of establishing the Mandal Commission was not taken directly in
the Parliament, the parliamentary discussion did influence and shape the decision of
the government.
 It put pressure on the government to act on the Mandal Commission. Also, the
Parliament’s positivity about this Commission forced the government to go ahead with
it.

SECTION C

Answer 19
Main causes which led to the February Revolution:
First World War: Russia was on the side of the Allies in the First World War. During the
war, Russian armies suffered heavy losses which were demoralising for the people.
Grim Economic Conditions: The First World War had a disastrous impact on the economy
of Russia. While retreating from various battlefields, the Russian army destroyed crops and
buildings in the country to prevent the enemy from using them as resources. The
destruction of crops and buildings added over 3 million refugees in Russia. People in Russia
began to question their country’s participation in the war.
Scarcity of Essential Goods: As the war was fought on, essential supply of grains and
bread were diverted to the warfront to feed soldiers. This led to the scarcity of essential
goods in the market leading to riots among the people.
Industrial Shortage: Industrial production declined in Russia as able-bodied men were
sent to the warfront to fight in the First World War.
All the above conditions led to anger and unrest in Petrograd. Famines in the cities further
led to the deterioration of the condition in Russia. Peasants were supported by soldiers
during protests against the Tsarist regime. This finally led to the downfall of the Tsarist
regime.

Answer 20
Yes, democracy is a better form of government. It is because:
 Democracy is a form of government in which the rulers are elected by the people. So the
elected leaders are the representatives of the people and are expected to make laws in
the best interest of the society.
 A democratic government is a more accountable for of government. A non-democratic
government may or may not respond to the wishes of the people but a democracy
required that the rulers have to attend to the needs of the people.
 Democracy improves the quality of decision making. It is because democracy is based
on consultation and discussions. When number of people holds discussions over any
bill, they will be able to point out possible mistakes in it. This reduces the chance of rash
and irresponsible decisions.
 Democracy provides a method to deal with differences and conflicts. People in a
democracy are bound to have differences of opinions and interests. This may result in
clashes and conflicts. In a democracy, decisions are taken collectively in the best
interest of the society and reduce the chances of conflicts.

Answer 21
Major thrust areas inthe field of human resource development are education, health and
gender equality.
Education: To improve the pace of capital formation, human resource development is
essential in the form of change in the existing educational system. Efforts also have to be
made to and also by increasing expenditure on education.
Health and nutrition: Based on Health Survey and Development Committee, 1946 and the
Health Survey Planning Committee, the Government of India raised the health standard
provisions to ensure the control of epidemics, better health services to control various
diseases, to train employees in health department and primary health center development
in the rural sector. During the planning period, Government of India initiated family
welfare and nutritional programmers for vulnerable groups, a special health scheme to
provide a few medical facilities to relatively neglected sections of the society, to raise the
number of hospital beds in urban areas and rural hospitals, improving the health status of
the population by full coverage and quality of care in infrastructure, manpower, equipment
etc.
Gender equality: It is required to remove gender disparity in the educational system, to
improve working condition and to provide secured environment for women to take up jobs
in the society. In a nation, the empowered women contributes not only towards health,
nutrition and productivity of the family but of the entire community.
 Answer 22
Justice: It is necessary to maintain order in society that is promised through various
provisions of Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles of State Policy provided by
the Constitution of India. It comprises three elements, which is social, economic, and
political.

 Social Justice – Social justice means that the Constitution wants to create a society
without discrimination on any grounds like caste, creed, gender, religion, etc.
 Economic Justice – Economic Justice means no discrimination can be caused by people
on the basis of their wealth, income, and economic status. Every person must be paid
equally for an equal position and all people must get opportunities to earn for their
living.
 Political Justice – Political Justice means all the people have an equal, free and fair
right without any discrimination to participate in political opportunities.

Answer 23
The non-farm activities of Palampur are dairy, small-scale manufacturing and transport.
Nearly 25% of the people are engaged in non-farm activities. The non-farm activities are as
follows:
 Dairy is the main non-farming activity of the people of Palampur. People have
domesticated cows and buffaloes. The milk is sold to the people of Raiganj.
 Some people are also engaged in small manufacturing units such as spinning, weaving
and leather making. Labourers are generally not hired for small manufacturing units.
 Many shopkeepers have set up their own shops selling stationery items, toothpaste
and candles in the village. They buy various goods from the wholesalers in the towns.
 Many people of the village of Palampur are also engaged in driving tractors, jeeps,
bullock carts, rickshaws and trucks. They mostly transport goods from one place to
another.

Answer 24
Many species of plants and animals are endangered in our country. To protect the flora and
fauna of the country, the government has taken the following steps:
 Fourteen biosphere reserves have been set up by the government to protect the flora
and fauna. Biosphere reserves are areas of terrestrial and coastal ecosystems which
promote the conservation of plants and wildlife. Four noteworthy biosphere reserves
are the Sundarbans (West Bengal), Nanda Devi (Uttarakhand), the Gulf of Mannar
(Tamil Nadu) and Nilgiris (Kerala, Karnataka and Tamil Nadu).
 Many botanical gardens have also been set up, and financial and technical assistance
are granted to them.
 Many developmental programmes such as Project Rhino and Project Tiger have been
introduced.
 India has 490 wildlife sanctuaries and botanical gardens, and 89 national parks to
protect its flora and fauna.
 Many awareness programmes have been launched by the government to make people
aware of our fast depleting plant and animal resources. Poaching and hunting have
been declared as crimes punishable by law.
Answer 25
The outbreak of the French Revolution took place due to the culmination of social, political,
intellectual and economic factors.
Political: The Bourbon King of France Louis XVI was an extremely autocratic and weak-
willed king who led a life of luxury. This led to a lot of disenchantment among the masses
who were living in extreme poverty and hunger.
Social: The social conditions in France in the late 18th century were extremely unequal and
exploitative. The clergy and nobility formed the first two Estates and were the most
privileged classes in French society. They were exempted from payment of taxes to the
State. On the other hand, the Third Estate which consisted of peasants and workers formed
the majority of the population. They were burdened with excessive taxes with no political
and social rights. As a result, they were extremely discontent.
Economic: As a result of the numerous wars waged by Louis XVI, the State treasury was
getting depleted. The situation was made even more complex by France's involvement in
the American War of Independence and the faulty system of taxation. While the privileged
classes were excused from paying taxes, the Third Estate was burdened with them.

SECTION D

Answer 26 (A)

Belgium

Crimea
Answer 26 (B)

Karakoram
range

River
Ganga

Orissa
 CBSE
Class IX
Social Science
Sample Paper 3
Time: 3 hrs Total Marks: 80

General Instructions:
a) The question paper is divided into four sections – Section A, Section B, Section C and
Section D.
b) The question paper has 26 questions in all.
c) All questions are compulsory.
d) Marks are indicated against each question.
e) Questions from serial number 1 to 7 are very short answer type questions. Each
question carries one mark.
f) Questions from serial number 8 to 18 are 3 marks questions. Answer of these
questions should not exceed 80 words each.
g) Questions from serial number 19 to 25 are 5 marks questions. Answer of these
questions should not exceed 100 words each.
h) Question number 26 is a map question of 5 marks with two parts -26 A from History
(2 marks) and 26 B from Geography (3 marks).

SECTION A

1. Give one principal of Nazism. (1)

2. Which problem was faced by the Royal Navy in the early nineteenth century? (1)

3. What is a gorge? (1)

4. Who is the de facto ruler in parliamentary democracy? (1)

5. Name two sections of people who are minorities in India (1)

6. What is election commission (1)

7. Untouchability is a crime. Justify (1)

SECTION B

8. Discuss any three features of the Constitution formed in France in 1791. (3)

9. Trace the movements of the Gaddi shepherds of Himachal Pradesh. (3)

10. Since 1981, the population growth rate in India started declining gradually. Give
reasons. (3)

11. Why is elections called soul of Indian democracy? (3)

12. Lok Sabha is more powerful than the Rajya Sabha. Give three reasons to justify your
answer. (3)

13. What is poverty line? How in India it is measured. (3)

14. Supreme Court is called the guardian of Indian constitution. Justify the statement. (3)

15. ‘What is multiple cropping? Give examples from India villages. (3)

16. Explain any two types of rural unemployment in India. (3)

17. Explain globalisation and its features. (3)

18. Discuss three limitations and challenges of Indian elections. (3)

SECTION C

19. How did Hitler use the ideologies of Darwin and Herbert Spencer to promote the Nazi
ideologies? (5)

20. What is age composition? Explain declining population and its features. (5)

21. Discuss the impact of the First World War on the Europe. (5)

22. Despite the methods and schemes of government for Poverty reduction. (5)

23. Explain development of 'monsoon trough' and its influence over rainfall distribution in
India. (5)

24. Saudi Arabia is not a democratic country. Do you agree? Give five reasons in support of
your answer. (5)

25. “Investment in human capital can bring higher position for the country”. Explain by
giving two examples. (5)
 SECTION D

26. (A). On an outline map of the world, two nations A and B are marked. These are two
countries that were annexed by Nazi Germany. Identify these countries and write their
correct names on the lines marked on the map. (2)

26 (B). On the given political outline map of India locate the following features with
appropriate symbols: (3)
a. Bhopal
b. Largest state in India in terms of area
c. Mount K2
d. River Mahanadi
 CBSE
Class IX
Social Science
Sample Paper 3
Solutions

SECTION A

Answer 1
Anti-intellectual and a theoretical movement, emphasizing the will of the charismatic
dictator as the sole source of inspiration of a people and a nation.

Answer 2
The Oak forests in England were fast disappearing and hence the Royal Navy faced the
problem of shortage of timber supply.

Answer 3
A gorge is a narrow valley lying between hills or mountains and has steep rocks with
streams running through it.

Answer 4
The President.

Answer 5
Two sections of people- Christians and Muslims.

Answer 6
The Election Commission of India is an autonomous constitutional authority responsible
for administering Union and State election processes in India. The body administers
elections to the Lok Sabha, Rajya Sabha, State Legislative Assemblies in India and the
offices of the President and Vice President in the country.

Answer 7
Abolition of untouchability falls under the fundamental right of ‘Right to Equality’.

SECTION B

Answer 8
Three features of the Constitution formed in France in 1791 were:
 The Constitution of 1791 delegated the power to make laws to the National Assembly,
which was indirectly elected.
 According to the constitution, not all citizens could vote. Only men above 25 years of
age who paid taxes equal to at least 3 days of a labourer’s wage were given the status
of active citizens were entitled to vote.
 The remaining men and all women were classed as passive citizens and did not have
any voting rights.
Answer 9
Gaddi shepherds spent winter season at the low hills of the Siwaliks with their cattle
grazing in scrub forests. By April, they moved north and spent the summer in Lahul and
Spiti. When the snow melted and the high passes were clear, many of them moved on to
higher mountains. By September they began to return. While returning, to the villages of
Lahul and Spiti, they reaped their summer harvest and sowed their winter crop. Then they
descended with their flock to their winter grazing ground on the Siwalik Hills.

Answer 10
The population growth rate in India started declining gradually after 1981 due to the
following reasons: Control over birth rate because of the creation of awareness among
people by the Government policies. Rising rate of literacy among the people

Answer 11
A common man wakes up on the election day to cherish the sense of egalitarianism and the
feeling of empowerment when he stands in the same line along with the richest man, the
popular celebrity, the prime minister, the farmer, the laborer, to decide what policy will
govern him and his other fellow citizens for the next 5 years; he revels in a sense of
importance and emancipation. Elections bring about a sense of satisfaction of everyone’s
voice being heard or what famously Rousseau said ‘general will’ to the fore.

Answer 12
Lok Sabha is more powerful than the Rajya Sabha because:
a. An ordinary bill needs to be passed by both the Houses. But if there is a difference in
the opinion of the members of Houses, the final decision is taken in the joint session of
both Houses. Since the number of the members of Lok Sabha is more, the view and
will of the lower House is likely to prevail.
b. Money bills can only originate in the Lok Sabha. After it is passed by it, the money bill
goes to the Rajya Sabha. The latter can only delay the bill by 14 days or suggest
changes in it. The Lok Sabha may or may not accept these changes.
c. The Lok Sabha controls the Council of Ministers. Only a person who enjoys the
support of the majority of the members of the Lok Sabha is appointed as the Prime
Minister.

Answer 13
A common method used to estimate poverty in India is based on the income or
consumption levels and if the income or consumption falls below a given minimum level,
then the household is said to be Below the Poverty Line (BPL).

Human poverty is a much wider concept as compared to poverty. Poverty is a term used for
an individual who is considered poor if his/her income falls below a given ‘minimum level’.
However, human poverty cannot be confined to economic factors only. Therefore, there is a
need to broaden the concept of human poverty which includes various other social
indicators such as the level of illiteracy, lack of resistance because of mal-nutrition, safe
drinking water, job opportunities and sanitation.
Answer 14
The Supreme Court is called the guardian of the Constitution as it protects the
fundamental rights of citizens from being getting violated by any organ of the government.
It protects the fundamental rights. It can declare any law null or void if it finds violation of
any provision of the fundamental rights.

Answer 15
More than one crop grown on a piece of land during the year is known as multiple
cropping. People in Palampur are able to grow three different crops because they have
electricity and well-developed irrigation system. In the beginning, the tube wells were
installed by the government and gradually many private tube wells were also installed.
Many of the farmers grew potato as the third crop in their field.

Answer 16
Two types of rural unemployment in India are seasonal unemployment and disguised
unemployment.
a. Seasonal unemployment is a situation where a number of persons are not able to
find a job in a particular season as in the case of agriculture, factories such as woollens,
ice-cream, etc.
b. Disguised unemployment refers to a situation where marginal physical productivity
of labour is zero or it may become negative.

Answer 17
Globalisation is the concept of securing real social, economic, political and cultural
transformation of the world into a real global community. ... It stands for expanding cross-
border facilities and linkages leading to an integration of economic interests and lives of
the people living in all parts of the world.
Answer 18
Various limitations and challenges of Indian elections are:
a. Many candidates with serious criminal records have been able to secure party tickets
for themselves. Honest candidates in such situation are pushed to the periphery.
b. Some parties are dominated by a family or few families. These families distribute
tickets to their relatives.
c. Ideologies of most of the political parties may be identical to each other and hence are
not able to offer large choices to the citizens.

SECTION C

Answer 19
Factors that were responsible for the rise of Hitler were:
 Germany faced defeat in the First World War. The war severely affected its economy
and prestige. Further, the Great Economic depression of 1929 hit the German economy
hard. As industries closed down, number of unemployed people increased. Many young
people took to criminal activities in wake of unemployment. Hitler promised the people
to work towards improving the German economic recovery once elected to power.
 As the German currency lost its value, the savings of the working class and the
pensioners were reduced. All these conditions were exploited by Hitler.
 Hitler was an excellent orator. His speeches moved the people. He promised
employment, economic recovery of Germany, to undo the injustices of the Treaty of
Versailles and to restore the dignity of the German people.
 These hostile conditions existing in Germany created an ideal platform for the
emergence of Hitler. Hitler gave fiery speeches and organised mass rallies with red
banners, swastika and the Nazi salute. People were enchanted with these massive
rallies. He was projected as a messiah by the Nazi party, who could only save Germany
from the effects of economic depression.
 He promised to make Germany a powerful nation and restore the prestige of Germans

Answer 20
Age composition refers to the number of people that are included in different age groups.
The population of a nation is generally divided into three broad categories. They are:
 Children (below 15 years): This group is considered as unproductive and uneconomic
as they have to be provided with food, clothing and medical care. They do not
contribute towards the economy of the nation.
 Working Age (15-59 years): This age group is economically productive as they are the
working population of the country and contribute towards the economic growth of the
country.
 Aged (above 59 years): This age group is a retired workforce. However, they may be
economically productive if they work voluntarily.
The age composition of the Indian population is as follows:
a. Children constitute 34.4% of the total population
b. Adults constitute 58.7% of the total population, and
c. Aged people constitute 6.9% of the total population
From the above statistics, it is clear that the adults constitute more than half of the
population of India. This age group is economically productive and thus contributes
towards the economic growth of the country. According to other statistics, Adolescent
population( between 10-19 years) constitute one fifth of the total population which means
that in coming years, India will benefit from a young work force compared to other
countries like China and Japan which in coming years will have an ageing population
Answer 21
The impact of the First World War on the Russian economy was:
 Russia’s armies lost badly in Germany and Austria between 1914 and 1916. There
were over 7 million casualties by 1917.
 As they retreated, the Russian army destroyed crops and buildings to prevent the
enemy from being able to live off the land. The destruction of crops and buildings led
to over 3 million refugees in Russia.
 Industrial equipment disintegrated more rapidly in Russia than elsewhere in Europe.
 Large supplies of grain were sent to feed the army. For the people in the cities, bread
and flour became scarce. By the winter of 1916, riots at bread shops were common.

Answer 22
Though the Indian government has taken numerous steps to alleviate poverty, it is still the
most compelling challenge. Wide disparities in poverty are visible between rural and urban
areas and among different states. Certain social and economic groups are more vulnerable
to poverty. There are still millions of people in India who live from hand to mouth. It is
expected that poverty will start reducing drastically after fifteen to twenty years. But
another aspect to it is that rather than raising ‘a minimum subsistence level’ it is important
to provide ‘a reasonable level of living’ to the people. Many scholars advocate that we must
broaden the concept into human poverty. An increased number of people may have been
able to feed themselves but this is not adequate. They should have job security, education
and the freedom from caste discrimination or religion.

Answer 23
Due to excessive solar radiation, low pressure area develops over North West India. As
monsoon arrives in the region, this low pressure area extends towards the east and forms
an elongated low pressure zone which almost runs parallel to the Great Himalayas in a
west to east direction. This is referred as ‘Monsoon trough’.
The trough (Inter Tropical Convergence Zone) moves periodically to the north and south of
its normal position. It affects the distribution of rainfall in India. When the trough move
towards the north lying closer to the foothills of the Himalayas, the pattern of rainfall
changes. The distribution of rainfall over the northern parts becomes scarce and the north-
eastern parts of the country lying closer to the foothills of the Himalayas receive abundant
rainfall. This is also known as the breaks in the Monsoon rainfall.
Thus, due to the Monsoon trough while the northern parts of the country hardly receive
rainfall during this period, the north eastern parts gets excessive rainfall and experience
devastating floods.

Answer 24
 Saudi Arabia is a monarchy and the people have no role in electing their rulers.
 The king selects the executive as well as legislature. He appoints the judges and can
change or reverse any of their decisions.
 Citizens cannot form political parties or any political organisations. Media cannot
publish any news against the wishes of the monarch.
 There is no freedom of religion to people in Saudi Arabia. Non-Muslims can follow their
religion in private but not in public.
 Several restrictions have been placed on women in Saudi Arabia. They cannot vote in
local elections and the testimony of one man is considered equal to the testimony of
two males.

Answer 25
“Investment in human capital can bring higher position for the country”. It is because:
 A country which has developed the skills and knowledge of its people can exploit
natural resources, build social economic and political organisations and can carry
forward national development.
 Human capital is the fundamental source of economic growth. It is a source of both
increased productivity and technological advance. India’s Green Revolution is an
example which shows the importance of input of greater knowledge leads to
improved production technologies rapidly increases the productivity of scarce land
resources.
 India’s IT revolution is the major source to acquire high position in an economy.
 In fact the major difference between the developed and developing countries is the
rate of progress in human capital.
  For example, Japan did not have any natural resource. They made investments in
their people especially in the fields of education and health. Ultimately, these people
made efficient use of other resources such as land and capital and made their country
rich and developed.

SECTION D

Answer 26 (A)
Answer 26 (B)
 CBSE
Class IX
Social Science
Sample Paper 4
Time: 3 hrs Total Marks: 80

General Instructions:
a) The question paper is divided into four sections – Section A, Section B, Section C and
Section D.
b) The question paper has 26 questions in all.
c) All questions are compulsory.
d) Marks are indicated against each question.
e) Questions from serial number 1 to 7 are very short answer type questions. Each
question carries one mark.
f) Questions from serial number 8 to 18 are 3 marks questions. Answer of these
questions should not exceed 80 words each.
g) Questions from serial number 19 to 25 are 5 marks questions. Answer of these
questions should not exceed 100 words each.
h) Question number 26 is a map question of 5 marks with two parts -26 A from History
(2 marks) and 26 B from Geography (3 marks).

SECTION A

1. What is slash and burn method? (1)

2. What led Hitler rose to power? (1)

3. Which event marked the beginning of the Second World War? (1)

4. What do the words “sovereign and republic “in the Preamble to the Constitution
signify? (1)

5. Define Age composition. (1)

6. What do you mean by tertiary sector? (1)

7. Who appoints the Chief Election Commissioner? (1)

 SECTION B

8. Who was Karl Marx? Briefly discuss his thoughts on communism? (3)
OR
9. What was triangular slave trade? (3)

10. Discuss three features of tropical rainforest. (3)

11. Explain the power of Lok Sabha in terms of money bill. Elucidate. (3)

12. Do you think that democracy is a better form of governance? Give three arguments to
support your answer. (3)

13. In terms of agriculture growth what are the difficulties faced by small farmers in
arranging capital in comparison big farmers? (3)

14. Discuss the tropical deciduous forests? (3)

15. Elaborate on the Right to Constitutional Remedies. (3)

16. Explain the concept of social exclusion and social inclusion. (3)

17. ‘Land is fixed in Palampur’. Explain. (3)

18. ‘The elections in India are undemocratic’. State three arguments to support the
statement. (3)

SECTION C

19. Did the British colonial rule change the life of peasants and tribal in India? Give reasons.(5)

20. Discuss in brief the ideology of Nazism. (5)

21. How was the Constitution of India framed? (5)

22. What was the impact of the First World War on the Russian economy? (5)

23. What steps Indian government has taken to alleviate poverty? (5)

24. Saudi Arabia is not a democratic country. Explain. (5)

25. Investment in human capital can bring higher position for the country. (5)
 SECTION D

26 (A) Two cities A and B related to the peasant revolt are marked on the outline map of
France. Identify these cities and write their correct names on the lines marked on the
map. (2)

26 (B) On the given political outline map of India locate the following features with
appropriate symbols: (3)

a. Desert state
b. Bhopal
c. River Mahanadi
d. Chennai
 CBSE
Class IX
Social Science
Sample Paper 4
Solutions

SECTION A

Answer 1
Slash-and-burn agriculture, method of cultivation in which forests is burned and cleared
for planting. Slash-and-burn agriculture is often used by tropical-forest root-crop farmers
in various parts of the world and by dry-rice cultivators of the forested hill country of
Southeast Asia.

Answer 2
Hitler's rise to power can be attributed to a mixture of factors, such as the strengths of the
Nazi party, which he used to his advantage, culminating in his becoming chancellor in
1933.

Answer 3
The Invasion of Poland Wasn't Hitler's First Aggression. Here's Why That Move Marked
the Beginning of WWII. The front page of London's Evening Standard newspaper on Sept. 1,
1939, announcing the German invasion of Poland.

Answer 4
Sovereign means the independent authority of a State. It means that it has the power to
legislate on any subject; and that it is not subject to the control of any other State/external
power.

Answer 5
Age distribution, also called Age Composition, in population studies, the proportionate
numbers of persons in successive age categories in a given population. A population with
persistently high fertility, for instance, has a large proportion of children and a small
proportion of aged persons.

Answer 6
The tertiary sector covers a wide range of activities from commerce to administration,
transport, financial and real estate activities, business and personal services, education,
health and social work. The non-market sector (public administration, education, human
health, social work activities).

Answer 7
The President appoints the Chief Election Commissioner and Election Commissioners. They
have tenure of six years, or up to the age of 65 years, whichever is earlier.
 SECTION B

Answer 8
Marxism is a social, political, and economic theory originated by Karl Marx, which focuses
on the struggle between capitalists and the working class. He believed that this conflict
would ultimately lead to a revolution in which the working class would overthrow the
capitalist class and seize control of the economy.

Answer 9
The triangular slave trade was conducted between Europe, Africa and the Americas. Since
the 17th century, French merchants travelled from the ports of Bordeaux and Nantes to
Africa where they bought slaves from the local chieftains. From there, the slaves were
branded, shackled and sent off to the Carribean to be sold off to the plantation owners
there. Such exploitation of the slaves from Africa made it possible for the European
markets to flourish with commodities like sugar, indigo and coffee.

Answer 10
Three features of tropical rainforests are:
 The tropical rainforests grow in regions which experience more than 200 cm of
rainfall annually with a short dry season.
 Since the region is warm and wet throughout the year, it has a luxuriant vegetation of
all kinds – trees, shrubs, and creepers giving it a multi-layered structure.
 The trees in the forests do not shed their leaves at the same time and hence the
tropical rainforests always appear green.

Answer 11
The Council of Ministers is responsible only to the Lok Sabha though members of both the
Houses can put questions to ministers about the work of their departments. Adjournment
Motion, indicating a strong disapproval of the policy of government, is moved only in Lok
Sabha. Lok Sabha has greater say in the election of the President or the Vice-President. Both the
Houses have equal powers for 'Impeachment'. In case of Lok Sabha is dissolved, it is the Rajya
Sabha which shoulders all the responsibilities of the Union Legislature.

Answer 12
Democracy is considered as the best form of government because: The rulers for the
country are directly elected by people. It’s the government for the people, by the people. It
makes us allow correcting our mistakes.

Answer 13
Small farmers with less capital cannot use latest techniques in their methods of production
like tractors, threshers and are dependent on old methods of ploughing.
They do not have enough capital to use HYV of seeds, fertilizers.
They generally have small production and do not get adequate return for their crops.
Most of the farmers lack savings and pressure to bear burden of large families further adds
to their plight.
Answer 14
The tropical deciduous forest is found in tropical areas with a dry season that still has
enough moisture for tree growth. Forests where a majority of the trees lose their foliage at
the end of the typical growing season are called deciduous forests.

Answer 15
There is a right in India which states that a person can move to Supreme Court if he/she
wants to get their fundamental rights protected. This right comes under article 32 for
Supreme Court an article 226 for the high court. It is known as the right to constitutional
remedies.

Answer 16
Social inclusion is defined as the process of improving the terms of participation in
society, particularly for people who are disadvantaged, through enhancing opportunities,
access to resources, voice and respect for rights.

Answer 17
More than one crop grown on a piece of land during the year is known as multiple
cropping. People in Palampur are able to grow three different crops because they have
electricity and well-developed irrigation system. In the beginning, the tube wells were
installed by the government and gradually many private tube wells were also installed.
Many of the farmers grew potato as the third crop in their field.

Answer 18
Various limitations and challenges of Indian elections are:
a. Many candidates with serious criminal records have been able to secure party tickets
for themselves. Honest candidates in such situation are pushed to the periphery.
b. Some parties are dominated by a family or few families. These families distribute
tickets to their relatives.
c. Ideologies of most of the political parties may be identical to each other and hence are
not able to offer large choices to the citizens.

SECTION C

Answer 19
 Forests were the abode and the provider of food for the tribals. Tribal communities
suffered when the British declared forests as state property.
 Forests were declared as reserved and protected. Problems arose when the tribals were
not allowed to practice shifting cultivation and to collect fruits, food and woods.
 The tribal chiefs lost many of their administrative powers and had to follow the rules
which were formulated by the British. They also had to pay taxes to the British.
 They were exploited by traders and moneylenders. Traders involved in the silk trade
sent their agents to Santhals who reared cocoons. The Santhals were paid Rs 3–4 for a
thousand cocoons. These cocoons were sold at much higher prices in Burdwan and
Gaya. The middlemen gained huge profits from the trade. Thus, tribal’s began to see
traders as their main enemies.
 The tribal’s who travelled to distant places away from their homes in search of work
suffered many hardships. They were recruited at extremely low wages and were also
prevented from returning to their homes.

Answer 20
Factors that were responsible for the rise of Nazism were:
 Germany faced defeat in the First World War. The war severely affected its economy
and prestige. Further, the Great Economic depression of 1929 hit the German economy
hard. As industries closed down, number of unemployed people increased. Many young
people took to criminal activities in wake of unemployment. Hitler promised the people
to work towards improving the German economic recovery once elected to power.
 As the German currency lost its value, the savings of the working class and the
pensioners were reduced. All these conditions were exploited by Hitler.
 Hitler was an excellent orator. His speeches moved the people. He promised
employment, economic recovery of Germany, to undo the injustices of the Treaty of
Versailles and to restore the dignity of the German people.
 These hostile conditions existing in Germany created an ideal platform for the
emergence of Hitler. Hitler gave fiery speeches and organised mass rallies with red
banners, swastika and the Nazi salute. People were enchanted with these massive
rallies. He was projected as a messiah by the Nazi party, who could only save Germany
from the effects of economic depression.
 He promised to make Germany a powerful nation and restore the prestige of Germans

Answer 21
The Constitution of India was framed by a Constituent Assembly set up under the Cabinet
Mission Plan of 1946. The Constituent Assembly set up 13 committees for framing the
constitution including a Drafting Committee under the Chairmanship of Dr. B.R.
Ambedkar.
Answer 22
The impact of the First World War on the Russian economy was:
 Russia’s armies lost badly in Germany and Austria between 1914 and 1916. There
were over 7 million casualties by 1917.
 As they retreated, the Russian army destroyed crops and buildings to prevent the
enemy from being able to live off the land. The destruction of crops and buildings led
to over 3 million refugees in Russia.
 Industrial equipment disintegrated more rapidly in Russia than elsewhere in Europe.
 Large supplies of grain were sent to feed the army. For the people in the cities, bread
and flour became scarce. By the winter of 1916, riots at bread shops were common.

Answer 23
Though the Indian government has taken numerous steps to alleviate poverty, it is still the
most compelling challenge. Wide disparities in poverty are visible between rural and urban
areas and among different states. Certain social and economic groups are more vulnerable
to poverty. There are still millions of people in India who live from hand to mouth. It is
expected that poverty will start reducing drastically after fifteen to twenty years. But
another aspect to it is that rather than raising ‘a minimum subsistence level’ it is important
to provide ‘a reasonable level of living’ to the people. Many scholars advocate that we must
broaden the concept into human poverty. An increased number of people may have been
able to feed themselves but this is not adequate. They should have job security, education
and the freedom from caste discrimination or religion.

Answer 24
Yes, we agree that Saudi Arabia is not a democratic country. It is because of the following
reasons:
 Saudi Arabia is a monarchy and the people have no role in electing their rulers.
 The king selects the executive as well as legislature. He appoints the judges and can
change or reverse any of their decisions.
 Citizens cannot form political parties or any political organisations. Media cannot
publish any news against the wishes of the monarch.
 There is no freedom of religion to people in Saudi Arabia. Non-Muslims can follow their
religion in private but not in public.
 Several restrictions have been placed on women in Saudi Arabia. They cannot vote in
local elections and the testimony of one man is considered equal to the testimony of
two males.

Answer 25
“Investment in human capital can bring higher position for the country”. It is because:
 A country which has developed the skills and knowledge of its people can exploit
natural resources, build social economic and political organisations and can carry
forward national development.
 Human capital is the fundamental source of economic growth. It is a source of both
increased productivity and technological advance. India’s Green Revolution is an
example which shows the importance of input of greater knowledge leads to
improved production technologies rapidly increases the productivity of scarce land
resources.
 India’s IT revolution is the major source to acquire high position in an economy.
 In fact the major difference between the developed and developing countries is the
rate of progress in human capital.
 For example, Japan did not have any natural resource. They made investments in
their people especially in the fields of education and health. Ultimately, these people
made efficient use of other resources such as land and capital and made their country
rich and developed.
 SECTION D

Answer 26 (A)
Answer 26 (B)
 CBSE
Class IX
Social Science
Sample Paper 5
Time: 3 hrs Total Marks: 80

General Instructions:
a) The question paper is divided into four sections – Section A, Section B, Section C and
Section D.
b) The question paper has 26 questions in all.
c) All questions are compulsory.
d) Marks are indicated against each question.
e) Questions from serial number 1 to 7 are very short answer type questions. Each
question carries one mark.
f) Questions from serial number 8 to 18 are 3 marks questions. Answer of these
questions should not exceed 80 words each.
g) Questions from serial number 19 to 25 are 5 marks questions. Answer of these
questions should not exceed 100 words each.
h) Question number 26 is a map question of 5 marks with two parts -26 A from History
(2 marks) and 26 B from Geography (3 marks).

SECTION A

1. Mention one difference between the beliefs of the liberals and the radicals. (1)

2. What defined the conditions of the pastoralists in the states of Karnataka and Andhra
Pradesh? (1)

3. Name neighbouring countries of India. (1)

4. What is Tropic of cancer? (1)

5. What is human capital? (1)

6. What is MP and an MLA? (1)

7. What are constitutional rights? (1)

SECTION B

8. Why People in France rebelled against absolute monarchy? (3)

9. The Nazis used language and media carefully to propagate their ideologies. Discuss. (3)
10. Explain the differences amongst various sections in constitution creation. (3)

11. Explain three capitals form by giving examples. (3)

12. Who are the cabinet and council ministers? Give one difference. (3)

13. Discuss one feature each of the three courses of the river. (3)

14. The two qualities of a democratic government is accountability and transparency. Give
reasons in support of your answer. (3)

15. Discuss three powers and functions of the President of India. (3)

16. Green Revolution deteriorated the quality of natural resources. Justify the statement.(3)

17. What is the difference between human and capital resource? (3)

18. Since 1970’s, India has avoided famine even during adverse weather conditions. Give
reason. (3)

SECTION C

19. Discuss the impact of the enclosure of lands on the poor. (5)

20. There are several dimensions to poverty. Elaborate. (5)

21. Discuss five main characteristics of winter season in India. (5)

22. ‘The PDS has proved to be the most effective instrument of government policy’. In light
of the statement, define PDS and give four points in favour of the statement. (5)

23. Discuss five important functions of the Election Commissioner. (5)

24. Discuss five main differences between tropical evergreen and deciduous forests. (5)

25. Analyse the system of elections in India. Throw light on use of money and muscle power
in India. (5)
 SECTION D

26. (A) Two cities A and B related to the peasant revolt are marked on the outline map of
France. Identify these cities and write their correct names on the lines marked on the map.
(2)

27. On the given political outline map of India locate the following features with
appropriate symbols: (3)
a. Kanha National Park
b. Anaimudi Peak
c. Shillong
d. The state having the lowest sex ratio
e. The Aravali mountain range
 CBSE
Class IX
Social Science
Sample Paper 5
Solutions

SECTION A

Answer 1
The liberals wanted voting rights for propertied classes only, while the radicals believed in
universal franchise.

Answer 2
The alternation of the monsoon and dry season defined the seasonal rhythms of the
movement of the pastoralists in the states of Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh.

Answer 3
Two island neighbouring countries of India are Sri Lanka and Maldives.

Answer 4
Tropic of Cancer is the latitude which divides the country into almost two equal parts.

Answer 5
Human capital is an intangible asset or quality not listed on a company's balance sheet. It
can be classified as the economic value of a worker's experience and skills. This includes
assets like education, training, intelligence, skills, health, and other things employers value
such as loyalty and punctuality.

Answer 6
An MP is the member of the Parliament. He/she is either the member of the Lok Sabha or
the Rajya Sabha. An MLA is the member of the State Legislative Assembly. He may either be
a member of State Legislative Assembly or the State Council.

Answer 7
Two constitutional rights granted to the Indian citizens are the right to property and the
right to vote in an election.

SECTION B

Answer 8
France experienced political instability under the rule of the Directory because of the
following reasons:
 After the fall of the Jacobin government, the wealthy middle class seized power. A new
constitution was introduced which provided for two elected legislative councils.
 These then appointed a Directory, an executive made up of five members. This was
meant as a safeguard against the concentration of power in a one-man executive as was
under the Jacobins.
 However, the Directors often clashed with the legislative councils, who then threatened
to dismiss them. This led to political instability in France which finally led to the rise of
a military dictator, Napoleon Bonaparte.

Answer 9
The Nazis used language and media carefully to propagate their ideologies. This was done
in the following ways:
 The Nazis used words used to describe treatment to the Jews were deceptive. Nazis
used words such as ‘special treatment’ and ‘final solution’ for mass killings of the
Jews. ‘Evacuation’ was used for the mass deportation of people to gas chambers. Gas
chambers were known as ‘disinfection areas’.
 Media was used to popularise the support of the Government. Jews and those opposing
the Nazis were stereotyped. Socialists and liberals were attacked as foreign agents.
 Many propaganda films were made to create hatred for the Jews. The Nazis worked
on the minds of the people and turned the attention of the Germans towards people
labelled as enemies of the Nazis.

Answer 10
The Constitution of our country was framed by the Constituent Assembly which worked in
a systematic, open and consensual manner.
 The Constituent Assembly first decided and agreed upon some basic principles. Draft
constitution for discussion was then prepared by the Chairman of the Drafting
Committee, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar.
 There were several rounds of thorough discussion on the Draft Constitution, clause by
clause. More than two thousand amendments were considered. The members
deliberated for 114 days spread over three years.
 Every document presented and every word spoken in the Constituent Assembly were
recorded and preserved, called the ‘Constituent Assembly Debates’. These debates
provide the rationale behind every provision of the Constitution. These are used to
interpret the meaning of the Constitution.

Answer 11
Decentralization of administration was the key principle of the three capitals concept, said
Andhra Pradesh Governor Biswa Bhusan Harichandan. It aimed at bringing democracy at
grassroots levels.

Answer 12
The cabinet consists of many senior ministers who hold important portfolios such as
defense, home affairs, education etc. The meetings between the council of ministers are
rare. The council of ministers usually consists of about 60 to 70 ministers of
the government.

Answer 13
The three courses of the river are the upper course, the middle course and the lower
Upper Course: It is the course followed by the river during the early part of its journey.
River during this course flows faster through hills and mountains.
Middle Course: River in this course enters the plains, it becomes wide and its speed gets
slower.
Lower Course: It is the journey of the river towards the end before draining into the sea or
ocean. Deltas are formed in the lower course of the river.

Answer 14
Yes, I agree that a democratic government is an accountable and transparent form of
government. It is because:
 A democratic government respond to the needs of the people. A non-democratic
government may or may not respond to the needs of the people.
 China suffered from one of the worst famines in 1958–1961. Nearly three crore people
died in the famine. No major famine occurred in India at this time. According to
economists, it was perhaps because India is a democratic country.
 Democracy in India made the Government respond to food scarcity in a way in which
the Chinese Government did not. It was because India has a multi-party system and
free press. It is accountable to the government. If the government does not respond to
the needs of the people, it may be criticised and even lose the next elections.

Answer 15
Three powers and functions of the President of India are:
 All appointments to the post of the judges of the Supreme Court and High Courts,
Governors of the state, Election Commissioner and ambassadors to other countries
are made by the President on the advice of the Prime Minister and the Council of
Ministers.
 No bill can become a law until and unless it is signed by the President.
 The President is the supreme commander of the defence forces of India. All wars and
peace treaties are signed on his name.

Answer 16
Green Revolution though increased the production of the food grains, it deteriorated the
quality of natural resources such as soil, land and depleted water table.
 In many regions, the soil lost its fertility because of the excessive use of chemical
fertilisers.
 In several regions fields were irrigated excessively. This resulted in water logging
leading to salinity. This degraded the quality of soil and land.
The continuous use of groundwater for tube well irrigation further reduced the water-table
below the ground.
OR
Multiple Cropping: When more than one crop is grown on a piece of land during a year, it
is known as multiple cropping. It is the most common way of increasing production on a
given piece of land.
Modern Farming Method The farmers of Punjab, Haryana and Western Uttar Pradesh use
HYV seeds, tube wells for irrigation, chemical fertilisers and pesticides, as well as
machinery like tractors and threshers to increase the production. All these measures
comprise what are known as modern farming methods.
Answer 17
Human resource is different from land and physical capital in the following ways:
 Human resources are primary sources of production and can make use of land and
capital with the help of their skills and technology. Land and capital, the secondary
sources of production cannot become useful on their own.
 Human resources are active factors of production. They exhibit multiple importance.
They are producers as well as consumers.
 Human resources can bring changes in other resources. Other resources cannot
change or affect human resources.

Answer 18
Since 1970’s, India has avoided famine even during adverse weather conditions because of
the Green Revolution. There was a bumper production of food grains in the country during
the Green Revolution. Variety of crops was grown during this time. The availability of food
grains (even in adverse weather conditions or otherwise) in the country has further been
ensured with a carefully designed food security system by the government.

SECTION C

Answer 19
The enclosure of lands affected the poor in the following ways:
 Enclosure of land benefited the rich farmers and landlords. Enclosed lands became
the properties of landowners.
 The poor famers and villagers could not collect fire wood and graze their cattle in
enclosed lands. They also could not hunt in the common forests.
 The poor were displaced from their lands and went in search of work opportunities,
especially in the southern counties of England, but jobs were not secure.
 Earlier the labourers lived with their landowners and helped them in accomplishing
various works. This practice began to disappear by 1800.
 Work became insecure, employment uncertain, income unstable. For a very large part
of the year the poor had no work.
 Apart from it, many forests were also fell in regions where railway lines were laid
down. The cleared forests paved way to land cultivation.

Answer 20
There are several dimensions to poverty. Poverty does not mean only the lack of means
hunger and shelter. It also is a situation in which parents are not able to send their children
to school or a situation where sick and ill people are not able to afford treatment. Poverty
also means lack of clean water and sanitation facilities. It further means lack of a regular
job with minimum wages. Above all it means living with a sense of helplessness. Poor
people are in a situation in which they are ill-treated at almost every place, in farms,
factories, government offices, hospitals and railway stations. One of the biggest challenges
of independent India has been to bring millions of its people out of abject poverty Asian
countries.
Answer 21
Important characteristics of cold-weather season in India are:
 The cold weather season in India begins during mid-November in Northern India and
stays till February. December and January are the coldest months.
 During the cold season, the days are warm and nights are cold.
 Northern parts of India experience cool days and cold nights.
 When the temperature decreases, frost is commonly experienced in Northern India
 The cold season in most parts of the country is the dry season as northeast trade winds
blow from land to sea.
 Many cyclonic disturbances occur over northern India during this time. These results
in rainfall during winters and snowfall in the Himalayan regions. This winter rainfall
helps in the cultivation of the rabi crops.

Answer 22
The food procured by the FCI is distributed through government regulated ration shops
among the poorer section of the society. This is called the public distribution system (PDS).
The PDS has proved to be the most effective instrument of government policy’. This is
because:
 It helped in stabilising prices and making food available to consumers at affordable
prices.
 It has helped in averting widespread hunger and famine by supplying food from
surplus regions of the country to the deficit ones.
 Price has been under revision in favour of the poor households.
 It has contributed to an increase in food grain production and has provided income
security to farmers in certain regions.

Answer 23
Five important functions of the Election Commissioner are:
 It takes decisions on every matter related to the elections. It announces the date of the
elections and the declaration of the results.
 It implements the Code of Conduct and takes action against candidates who violate it
 It gives guidelines to the Government which have to be followed during the elections. It
is done to ensure that the government does not misuse its power to increase its
chances to win elections.
 When on election duty, government officials work under the supervision of the EC and
not the Government.
 A Voters List is an electoral roll which contains the name, father’s name, age, and sex of
the voter. The EC identifies the eligible voters in each constituency and prepares a list
of all of them.
Answer 24
Main differences between tropical evergreen and deciduous forests:
Tropical evergreen forests Deciduous forests
Tropical evergreen forests are found in Deciduous forests are found in regions
regions which receive more than 200 cm of which receive rainfall of 200–70 cm.
rainfall.
The trees do not shed their leaves at the The trees shed their leaves for about six to
same time as there is no particular season eight months during the dry season.
for shedding their leaves.
These forests are dense. These forests are less dense.
These forests are found in the Andaman and These forests are found in the northeastern
Nicobar Islands, Lakshadweep Islands, states, parts of Central India, West Odisha
upper parts of Assam and Tamil Nadu and and Chhattisgarh.
on the western slopes of the Western Ghats.
Some trees are ebony, mahogany, rosewood Some trees are sandalwood, teak and sal.
and rubber.

Answer 25
Money power creates the biggest non-level playing field in the elections and muscle power
is another issue,” Brahma said
Another “big enigma” for the Commissioner is the large number of political parties that are
registered with the Election Commission. “There are 1,600 political parties registered with
the EC since 1952. But only 85-90 parties contest the elections. The rest are there only to
seek Income-Tax exemptions,” the Commissioner said, pointing out that such candidates
use the money saved for purchasing land, jewelers and property, among others.
Brahma called for a stronger civil society movement to educate the people so that political
parties become more ethical in their dealings.

SECTION D
Answer 26 (A)
Answer 26 (B)
 Class IX
Social Science
Sample Paper 6
Time: 3 hrs Total Marks: 80

General Instructions:
a) The question paper is divided into four sections – Section A, Section B, Section C and
Section D.
b) The question paper has 26 questions in all.
c) All questions are compulsory.
d) Marks are indicated against each question.
e) Questions from serial number 1 to 7 are very short answer type questions. Each
question carries one mark.
f) Questions from serial number 8 to 18 are 3 marks questions. Answer of these
questions should not exceed 80 words each.
g) Questions from serial number 19 to 25 are 5 marks questions. Answer of these
questions should not exceed 100 words each.
h) Question number 26 is a map question of 5 marks with two parts -26 A from History
(2 marks) and 26 B from Geography (3 marks).

SECTION A

1. Mention one difference between the beliefs of the liberals and the radicals. (1)

2. What is natural vegetation? (1)

3. Name two island neighboring countries of India. (1)

4. In which two states highest rate of growth was achieved in the production of food
grains during the Green Revolution? (1)

5. What defined the seasonal rhythms of the movement of the pastoralists in the states
of Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh? (1)

6. Who is responsible for free and fair election in India? (1)

7. Name the two states of India who yield maximum grain through green revolution. (1)
 SECTION B

8. Why could all people not wear Khadi that was introduced by Gandhi? (3)

9. What were the differences between the revolutions of 1830 and 1848 in France? (3)

10. Explain Hitler rise to power.

11. How is human resource different from other resources like land and capital? (3)

12. The Constitution of our country was framed by the Constituent Assembly which
worked in a systematic, open and consensual manner. Elaborate. (3)

13. The judiciary in India is one of the most powerful organ in the country. Explain. (3)

14. Determine functions of cabinet ministers. (3)

15. Is Democratic government transparent than dictatorship? (3)

16. Explain the powers of President. (3)

17. Human resource is different from land and physical capital. Explain. (3)

18. Explain the role of women in fighting against French monarchy. (3)

SECTION C

19. There are several dimensions to poverty. Elaborate. (5)

20. How did the bread basket of the world (USA) turn to the dust bowl? (5)

21. Write characteristics of hot weather season in India. (5)

22. India is called world largest democracy and U.S is world's oldest democracy. Explain.(5)

23. Write five important functions of the Election Commission? (5)

24. What is the Green Revolution? Mention its two merits and demerits. (5)

25. Food security of a nation is ensured through the food security system’. Justify the
statement. (5)
26. (A) Two cities A and B related to the peasant revolt are marked on the outline map of
France. Identify these cities and write their correct names on the lines marked on the
map. (2)

(B) On the given political outline map of India locate the following features with
appropriate symbols: (3)
a. Aravalli
b. Delhi
c. Anamudi peak
d. Shillong
 CBSE
Class IX
Social Science
Sample Paper 6
Solutions

SECTION A

Answer 1
The liberals did not believe in the principle of universal adult franchise. They were of the
opinion that only men having property should have the right to vote. The radicals however,
opposed the privileges of landowners and wealthy factory owners. Many of them even
supported women suffragette movements.

Answer 2
It refers to a plant community which has grown naturally without human aid and has been
left undisturbed by humans for a long time (also called as virgin vegetation). Cultivated
crops and fruits, orchards form part of vegetation but not natural vegetation.

Answer 3
Two island neighbouring countries of India are Sri Lanka and Maldives.

Answer 4
The states of Punjab and Haryana recorded the highest rate of growth in food grains during
the Green Revolution.

Answer 5
It was the alternation of the monsoon and dry season which defined the seasonal
rhythms of the movement of pastoralists in Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh. In dry
season they moved to the coastal areas and left when the rains came.

Answer 6
Election commission

Answer 7
Punjab and Haryana
 SECTION B

Answer 8
The cost of khadi as compared to British clothes is high and khadi was costly this reason
people diffuse to wear khadi which was introduced by Gandhi as per me Gandhi may be not
made khadi

Answer 9
Differences between the revolutions of 1830 and 1848 were in France:
Revolution of 1830 Revolution of 1848
This was caused due to the presence of This was caused due to economic hardships
social and political inequalities in the and inequalities faced by the people as a
society. result of the Industrial revolution
The Revolution of 1830 did not abolish The Revolution of 1848 abolished monarchy
monarchy completely. It established and declared France a republic
constitutional monarchy
The Revolution was able to achieve social It was able to achieve limited political
equality in the society equality in the society.

Answer 10
After Hitler became the chancellor of Germany, he assigned Hjalmar Schacht the
responsibility of economic recovery. Economic reforms carried out under the Hitler's rule
were:
a. Full production and full employment was aimed through a state-funded work-creation
programme. This project produced the famous German superhighways (autobahns)
and the people's car, the Volkswagen.
b. Hitler proposed compulsory labour for male citizens, comprehensive agricultural
reform and interest-rate reduction to promote industrial growth and new jobs in road
and waterway construction.
c. Hitler aimed at accumulation of resources by undertaking an aggressive foreign policy
and expansion of territory.

Answer 11
Human resources need education, training and healthcare to develop. On the other hand,
land and physical capital need money and physical inputs to develop. Land and physical
capital are useless without human resources.

Answer 12
The Constitution of our country was framed by the Constituent Assembly which worked in
a systematic, open and consensual manner.
 The Constituent Assembly first decided and agreed upon some basic principles. Draft
constitution for discussion was then prepared by the Chairman of the Drafting
Committee, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar.
 There were several rounds of thorough discussion on the Draft Constitution, clause by
clause. More than two thousand amendments were considered. The members
deliberated for 114 days spread over three years.
 Every document presented and every word spoken in the Constituent Assembly were
recorded and preserved, called the ‘Constituent Assembly Debates’. These debates
provide the rationale behind every provision of the Constitution. These are used to
interpret the meaning of the Constitution.

Answer 13
The judiciary in India is one of the most powerful organ in the country. This is because:
 The Supreme Court and the High Court have the power to interpret the constitution.
They can declare any law null and void if it is against the spirit of our constitution.
 The Supreme Court and the High Courts act as the guardian of the fundamental rights
of the citizens. Any person can directly appeal to the Supreme Court if his/her
fundamental rights are taken away.
 In recent years, courts have given several judgements and directives to protect public
interests and human rights. Any person can approach the courts if public interest is
hurt by the actions of the government.

Answer 14
Cabinet Ministers are usually top-level leaders of the ruling party or parties who are in
charge of the major ministries. They need to work as a team because:
 Most important decisions of the government are taken by the cabinet ministers. Since
various departments are directly or indirectly related to each other (for example
defence and the foreign affairs), they need to work in close coordination with one
another.
 The ministers may have different views and opinions, but everyone has to own up to
every decision of the Cabinet.

Answer 15
Yes, I agree that a democratic government is an accountable form of government. It is
because:
 A democratic government respond to the needs of the people. A non-democratic
government may or may not respond to the needs of the people.
 China suffered from one of the worst famines in 1958–1961. Nearly three crore people
died in the famine. No major famine occurred in India at this time. According to
economists, it was perhaps because India is a democratic country.
 Democracy in India made the Government respond to food scarcity in a way in which
the Chinese Government did not. It was because India has a multi-party system and
free press. It is accountable to the government. If the government does not respond to
the needs of the people, it may be criticised and even lose the next elections.
Answer 16
Three powers and functions of the President of India are:
 All appointments to the post of the judges of the Supreme Court and High Courts,
Governors of the state, Election Commissioner and ambassadors to other countries
are made by the President on the advice of the Prime Minister and the Council of
Ministers.
 No bill can become a law until and unless it is signed by the President.
 The President is the supreme commander of the defence forces of India. All wars and
peace treaties are signed on his name.
Multiple Cropping: When more than one crop is grown on a piece of land during a year, it
is known as multiple cropping. It is the most common way of increasing production on a
given piece of land.
Modern Farming Method The farmers of Punjab, Haryana and Western Uttar Pradesh use
HYV seeds, tube wells for irrigation, chemical fertilisers and pesticides, as well as
machinery like tractors and threshers to increase the production. All these measures
comprise what are known as modern farming methods.

Answer 17
Human resource is different from land and physical capital in the following ways:
 Human resources are primary sources of production and can make use of land and
capital with the help of their skills and technology. Land and capital, the secondary
sources of production cannot become useful on their own.
 Human resources are active factors of production. They exhibit multiple importance.
They are producers as well as consumers.
 Human resources can bring changes in other resources. Other resources cannot
change or affect human resources.

Answer 18
Women had no political rights in pre-Revolutionary France; they could not vote or hold any
political office. They were considered "passive" citizens; forced to rely on men to determine
what was best for them in the government. It was the men who defined these categories,
and women were forced to accept male domination in the political sphere.
Women were taught to be committed to their husbands and "all his interests’ attention and
care sincere and discreet zeal for his salvation." A woman's education often consisted of
learning to be a good wife and mother; as a result women were not supposed to be
involved in the political sphere, as the limit of their influence was the raising of future
citizens. The subservient role of women prior to the revolution was perhaps best
exemplified by the Frederician Code, published in 1761 and attacked by Enlightenment
philosophers and publications.
 SECTION C

Answer 19
The various dimensions of poverty are:
1) It means hunger and shelter.
2) It is a situation in which parents are not able to send their children to schools.
3) It is a situation where sick people cannot afford treatment.

Answer 20
Overuse and overexploitation of the soil for cultivation by machinery turned the soil into
dust, ultimately leading to dust storms. The bread basket had turned into a dust bowl.

Answer 21
Five main characteristics of hot weather season in India:
 The hot weather season in India begins from March and continues till May. In May, the
temperature rises to 45°C in the north-western parts of the country.
 Because of high temperature, low air pressure is created in the northern parts of the
country.
 One of the striking features of the hot weather season in India is the blowing of local
winds known as ‘loo’. It is a hot wind which may blow even during evenings. Direct
exposure to these winds may cause fever and anxieties.
 Sometimes, northern India experiences dust storms accompanied by light rainfall
during May. This brings down the temperature. During this time, torrential downpours
are accompanied by hail in West Bengal. These storms are known as Kal Baisakhi.
 Towards the end of the summer season, rain showers are common in Kerala and
Karnataka. They help in the early ripening of mangoes and thus are sometimes also
referred to as ‘mango showers’.

Answer 22
India is called world largest democracy and U.S is world's oldest democracy. Below is a
comparison between democracies of different nature.
1. India practiced universal adult franchise since came into being as republic whereas
American voting rights where limited to certain citizens. African-American were given
voting rights only in the 1960's after the social movement lead by Martin Luther King.
2. India has Prime ministerial type of govt. whereas as America has Presidential type of
govt. Indian President is only nominal head of the govt.
3. America has federal structure which means that American states have greater
autonomy. Indian democracy is more unitary in nature.
4. Americans have citizenship of state whereas in India there is nothing like state
citizenship.
5. Election to President of America is indirect (through electoral college) whereas election
to Indian Prime minister is direct.
6. Judiciary is hierarchical and integrated in India whereas Judiciary of America is not
integrated.
7. Prime Minister with its council of minister is accountable to Parliament. But U.S
president is not accountable to US congress.
8. Council of minister are members of parliament. But In Us experts are handpicked by the
President. They are not elected directly.
However with so much difference it is to be noted that we have taken so much from US like
Fundamental Rights is been taken from Bill of rights and also adoption of rule of law.

Answer 23
Five important functions of the Election Commission are:
 It takes decisions on every matter related to the elections. It announces the date of the
elections and the declaration of the results.
 It implements the Code of Conduct and takes action against candidates who violates it.
 It gives guidelines to the Government which have to be followed during the elections. It
is done to ensure that the government does not misuse its power to increase its
chances to win elections.
 When on election duty, government officials work under the supervision of the EC and
not the Government.
 A Voters List is an electoral roll which contains the name, father’s name, age, and sex of
the voter. The EC identifies the eligible voters in each constituency and prepares a list
of all of them.

Answer 24
Green Revolution introduces a number of modern farming methods in India. (i) Higher
yield due to the use of HYV seeds. (ii) Machines like harvesters, tractors and threshers have
made ploughing and harvesting faster and easier. (iii) Higher yield enabled farmers to sell
the surplus food in the market and earn more.

Answer 25
Food security is ensured through the food security system which is composed of two
components- buffer stock and public distribution system. Also, various poverty alleviation
programmes, cooperatives and NGOs are working to ensure food security. They are:
i. Public distribution system provides food grains available at affordable and uniform
prices at the door steps of the consumers.
ii. Revamped Public Distribution System (RPDS) was introduced in 1992 in 1700 blocks
in the country. The scheme aimed at the provision of food grains in the remote and
backward areas of the country.
iii. Targeted Public Distribution System (TPDS) was launched in 1997 which targeted the
policy of providing food grains to all poor sections of people in different areas.
iv. Antyodaya Anna Yojana (AAY) was introduced in the year 2000. About ten million of
the poorest people were identified and highly subsidized food grains were provided
to them at highly subsidised prices.
v. Annapurna scheme (APS) was introduced in the year 2000 for the poorest of poor and
destitute senior citizens. Through this scheme, it was decided to provide 10 kg of food
grains to poor families per month free of cost.

SECTION D

Answer 26 (A)
Answer 26 (B)
 CBSE
Class IX
Social Science
Sample Paper 7
Time: 3 hrs Total Marks: 80

General Instructions:
a) The question paper is divided into four sections – Section A, Section B, Section C and
Section D.
b) The question paper has 26 questions in all.
c) All questions are compulsory.
d) Marks are indicated against each question.
e) Questions from serial number 1 to 7 are very short answer type questions. Each
question carries one mark.
f) Questions from serial number 8 to 18 are 3 marks questions. Answer of these
questions should not exceed 80 words each.
g) Questions from serial number 19 to 25 are 5 marks questions. Answer of these
questions should not exceed 100 words each.
h) Question number 26 is a map question of 5 marks with two parts -26 A from History
(2 marks) and 26 B from Geography (3 marks).

SECTION A

1. What is Fascism? (1)

2. Which problem was faced by the Royal Navy in the early nineteenth century? (1)

3. Name the river which marks the eastern most boundaries of the Himalayan Rivers. (1)

4. What is democracy’s single criticism? (1)

5. Which House of the Parliament controls the Council of Ministers? (1)

6. Name two constitutional rights granted to the Indian citizens. (1)

7. What is the difference between MP and MLA? (1)

SECTION B

8. Discuss any three features of the Constitution formed in France in 1791. (3)
OR
Mention any three features of the Declaration of Rights of Man and Citizens. (3)
9. Mention Nazis used language and media carefully to propagate their ideologies. (3)

10. Discuss the Indian Constitution was drawn up under very difficult circumstances. (3)

11. Three main processes of population change are birth rate, death rate and migration.
Explain. (3)

12. Which part of the Indian Constitution is called ‘soul of the Constitution’ and why? (3)

13. Lok Sabha is more powerful than the Rajya Sabha. Give three reasons to justify your
answer. (3)

14. What is human poverty? (3)

15. What are powers and functions of the President of India? (3)

16. How is multiple cropping practiced in Palampur? (3)

17. Human resource is different from land and physical capital in the following ways.
Explain. (3)

18. Analyse the dynamics of gap in Indian population. (3)

SECTION C

19. Discuss in Maasai land, not all pastoralists were equally affected by the changes in the
colonial period. (5)

20. What is age composition? What is the age composition of Indian Population? What
inferences can be drawn from it?
OR
Discuss five main reasons for the rapid growth of the Indian population. (5)

21. Discuss the various dynamics of Poverty in India. (5)

22. Discuss five main characteristics of hot weather season in India. (5)

23. Explain government schemes of food distribution in India. (5)

24. Explain important functions of the Election Commission. (5)

25. Explain the Montane forests. (5)

 SECTION D

26. (A) On an outline map of the world, two nations A and B are marked. These are two
countries that were annexed by Nazi Germany. Identify these countries and write their
correct names on the lines marked on the map. (2)

(B) On the given political outline map of India locate the following features with
appropriate symbols: (3)
a. River Mahanadi
b. Narmada
c. Cauveri
 CBSE
Class IX
Social Science
Sample Paper -7
Solutions

SECTION A

Answer 1
Fascism is a system of government led by a dictator who typically rules by forcefully and
often violently suppressing opposition and criticism, controlling all industry and
commerce, and promoting nationalism and often racism.

Answer 2
The quality of British map-making combined with innovations such as Harrison's
chronometer, copper sheathing of hulls, carronades and many other inventions over many
decades made the Navy a more sophisticated and effective force than its foe.

Answer 3
The Brahmaputra River marks the easternmost boundary of the Himalayas.

Answer 4
An argument against democracy is that democracy is all about political competition and
power play. There is no scope for morality.

Answer 5
Lok Sabha controls the Council of Ministers. Only a person who enjoys the support of the
majority of the members in the Lok Sabha is appointed the Prime Minister.

Answer 6
Two constitutional rights granted to the Indian citizens are the right to property and the
right to vote in an election.

Answer 7
An MP is the member of the Parliament. He/she is either the member of the Lok Sabha or
the Rajya Sabha. An MLA is the member of the State Legislative Assembly. He may either be
a member of State Legislative Assembly or the State Council.
 SECTION B

Answer 8
France experienced political instability under the rule of the Directory because of the
following reasons:
 After the fall of the Jacobin government, the wealthy middle class seized power. A new
constitution was introduced which provided for two elected legislative councils.
 These then appointed a Directory, an executive made up of five members. This was
meant as a safeguard against the concentration of power in a one-man executive as was
under the Jacobins.
 However, the Directors often clashed with the legislative councils, who then threatened
to dismiss them. This led to political instability in France which finally led to the rise of
a military dictator, Napoleon Bonaparte.

Answer 9
The Nazis used language and media carefully to propagate their ideologies. This was done
in the following ways:
 The Nazis used words used to describe treatment to the Jews were deceptive. Nazis
used words such as ‘special treatment’ and ‘final solution’ for mass killings of the
Jews. ‘Evacuation’ was used for the mass deportation of people to gas chambers. Gas
chambers were known as ‘disinfection areas’.
 Media was used to popularise the support of the Government. Jews and those opposing
the Nazis were stereotyped. Socialists and liberals were attacked as foreign agents.
 Many propaganda films were made to create hatred for the Jews. The Nazis worked
on the minds of the people and turned the attention of the Germans towards people
labelled as enemies of the Nazis.

Answer 10
The Indian Constitution was drawn up under very difficult circumstances. It was because it
was not easy to make a constitution for a huge and a diverse country like India. At this time,
the country was born through a partition on the basis of religious differences. The partition
was not peaceful and was a traumatic experience for the people of both-India and Pakistan.
Moreover, the British had drafted the Instrument of Accession according to which the
princely states were free to join India or Pakistan or remain independent. When the
constitution was being framed, the future of the country did not look very secure. The
makers had too many anxieties about the present and the future of the country.

Answer 11
Three main processes of population change are birth rate, death rate and migration.
 Birth rate is the number of live births per thousand persons in a year. If the birth rate
is higher than the death rate, then the population of the country is set to increase.
 Death rate is the number of deaths per thousand persons in a year. One of the main
reasons for the population growth of India is the decline in the death rate.
 Migration can be the movement of people across regions and territories. Internal
migration refers to migration within the country, while international migration refers
to migration between countries. Internal migration does not change the population of
the country but impacts the density of population in a region or a state.

Answer 12
Article 32 of the Indian Constitution that is the Right to Constitutional remedies is
considered as 'the heart and soul of the Constitution'. The article 32 is based on the right
to Constitutional Remedies.

Answer 13
The Lok Sabha has certain powers that make it more powerful than the Rajya Sabha.
Motions of no confidence against the government can be introduced and passed in the Lok
Sabha. If passed by a majority vote, the Prime Minister and the Council of Ministers resign
collectively.

Answer 14
The human poverty is an idea that goes beyond the restricted view of poverty. It exists
when people live under low standards. In this situation, people generally don't have
adequate access to basic human needs (food, shelter, clean water, clothing, medication
etc.).

Answer 15
Three powers and functions of the President of India are:
 All appointments to the post of the judges of the Supreme Court and High Courts,
Governors of the state, Election Commissioner and ambassadors to other countries
are made by the President on the advice of the Prime Minister and the Council of
Ministers.
 No bill can become a law until and unless it is signed by the President.
 The President is the supreme commander of the defence forces of India. All wars and
peace treaties are signed on his name.

Answer 16
Multiple Cropping: When more than one crop is grown on a piece of land during a year, it
is known as multiple cropping. It is the most common way of increasing production on a
given piece of land.
Modern Farming Method The farmers of Punjab, Haryana and Western Uttar Pradesh use
HYV seeds, tube wells for irrigation, chemical fertilisers and pesticides, as well as
machinery like tractors and threshers to increase the production. All these measures
comprise what are known as modern farming methods.
Answer 17
Human resource is different from land and physical capital in the following ways:
 Human resources are primary sources of production and can make use of land and
capital with the help of their skills and technology. Land and capital, the secondary
sources of production cannot become useful on their own.
 Human resources are active factors of production. They exhibit multiple importance.
They are producers as well as consumers.
 Human resources can bring changes in other resources. Other resources cannot
change or affect human resources.

Answer 18
There is a vast difference is prevailing across different sections of the population.
 Over the last decade, the literacy rate in India has increased considerably. The rate of
literacy has gone up tremendously in states like Himachal Pradesh and Rajasthan after
the implementation of free education in the villages.
 According to Census of India 2011, the literacy rate has increased up to 74.04 per cent
from 64.8 percent in 2001. But there is a wide gender disparity is prevailing in Indian
literacy rate. In 2011 literacy rates were 82.1 percent for men and 65.46 percent for
women.
 Literacy rate also differs from state to state. It vary from 96% in some district of Kerala
to a below 30% in some areas of Madhya Pradesh.

SECTION C

Answer 19
In Maasai land, not all pastoralists were equally affected by the changes in the colonial
period. It was because:
 In the pre-colonial period, the Maasai society was divided into two social categories—
the elders and the warriors. While the elders looked after the administration of the
clan, the warriors were responsible for the protection of the tribe.
 The warriors were mainly responsible for the protection of the tribe. They defended
the community and organised cattle raids. To administer the affairs of the Maasai, the
British introduced a series of measures. They appointed a chief of different sub-groups
of Maasai, who were made responsible for the affairs of the tribe. The British imposed
various restrictions on raiding and warfare affecting the traditional authority of both
elders and warriors.
 The chiefs appointed by the colonial government often accumulated wealth over time.
They had a regular income with which they could buy animals, goods and land. These
chiefs managed to survive the devastations of war and drought.
 But the common people of the tribes suffered during the colonial rule. The poor
pastoralists had no money and only their cattle to live on. During droughts, they almost
lost everything. They then moved to the towns in search of work. Many of them got
regular work in road and building construction.
Answer 20
 Widening Gap between Birth and Death Rates: The average annual birth rate in India
which was 42 per thousand populations in 1951-61 came down to 28.7 per thousand
in 1993.
 Low Age at Marriage: ADVERTISEMENTS
 High Illiteracy: ADVERTISEMENTS
 Religious Attitude towards Family Planning

Answer 21
There are several dimensions to poverty. Poverty does not mean only the lack of means
hunger and shelter. It also is a situation in which parents are not able to send their children
to school or a situation where sick and ill people are not able to afford treatment. Poverty
also means lack of clean water and sanitation facilities. It further means lack of a regular
job with minimum wages. Above all it means living with a sense of helplessness. Poor
people are in a situation in which they are ill-treated at almost every place, in farms,
factories, government offices, hospitals and railway stations. One of the biggest challenges
of independent India has been to bring millions of its people out of abject poverty.

Answer 22
Five main characteristics of hot weather season in India:
 The hot weather season in India begins from March and continues till May. In May, the
temperature rises to 45°C in the north-western parts of the country.
 Because of high temperature, low air pressure is created in the northern parts of the
country.
 One of the striking features of the hot weather season in India is the blowing of local
winds known as ‘loo’. It is a hot wind which may blow even during evenings. Direct
exposure to these winds may cause fever and anxieties.
 Sometimes, northern India experiences dust storms accompanied by light rainfall
during May. This brings down the temperature. During this time, torrential downpours
are accompanied by hail in West Bengal. These storms are known as Kal Baisakhi.
 Towards the end of the summer season, rain showers are common in Kerala and
Karnataka. They help in the early ripening of mangoes and thus are sometimes also
referred to as ‘mango showers’.

Answer 23
The food procured by the FCI is distributed through government regulated ration shops
among the poorer section of the society. This is called the public distribution system (PDS).
The PDS has proved to be the most effective instrument of government policy’. This is
because:
 It helped in stabilising prices and making food available to consumers at affordable
prices.
 It has helped in averting widespread hunger and famine by supplying food from
surplus regions of the country to the deficit ones.
 Price has been under revision in favour of the poor households.
 It has contributed to an increase in food grain production and has provided income
security to farmers in certain regions.

Answer 24
Five important functions of the Election Commission are:
 It takes decisions on every matter related to the elections. It announces the date of the
elections and the declaration of the results.
 It implements the Code of Conduct and takes action against candidates who violate it
 It gives guidelines to the Government which have to be followed during the elections. It
is done to ensure that the government does not misuse its power to increase its
chances to win elections.
 When on election duty, government officials work under the supervision of the EC and
not the Government.
 A Voters List is an electoral roll which contains the name, father’s name, age, and sex of
the voter. The EC identifies the eligible voters in each constituency and prepares a list
of all of them.

Answer 25
Montane forests grow in the mountainous regions. Montane forests grow in the
mountainous regions. As the temperature decreases with an increase in height, there is a
change in the cover of natural vegetation on increasing altitude.
 Temperate forests are found at 1500–3000 metres. Coniferous trees predominate in
this region. Pine, cedar, fir, deodar and spruce are some important trees. These forests
are found in the southern slopes of the Himalayan Mountains.
 Between 1500 to 3000 meters temperate forest containing coniferous tress like pine,
deodar, silver fir, spruce and cedar are found.
 Temperate grasslands are found at higher altitudes.
 Above 3,600 metres, Alpine vegetation can be found. Silver firs, pines, junipers and
birches are some important trees. However, at still higher altitudes, their growth
becomes stunted
 At the highest altitude, mosses and lichens are found.
In India, montane forests are found in the Himalayan Mountains such example was the
forceful Collectivisation programme of Stalin. It was in 1991, that the Soviet Union was
finally disintegrated.
 SECTION D

Answer 26 (A)

Germany

Czech
Answer 26 (B)