CHAPTER 1 :ENVIRONMENT
After a long vacation Ravi came to his school. He saw that the playground
was dug up. People said that a huge building is being constructed. He
remembered that the playground was full of beautiful flowers and
Butterflies. He shared his feelings with his classmates and said, “see how
the environment is changing.”
He asked his teacher also. “ What is the Environment?”. Teacher replied,
“Whatever we see in our surroundings,”
Ravi thought aloud, “ that means, the buildings, tables,chairs, classroom,
and even that open field,garbage,road And my friends- all are parts of our
environment!”. “Yes” said the teacher, “but wait…… some objects are
created by nature.”
Ravi and his friends were excited that why is the environment changing?
Why is the environment changing? What are the
changes?
The environment is changing because of environmental changes.
Environmental change is a change or disturbance of the environment most
often caused by human influences and natural ecological processes.
Environmental changes can include many number of things, including
natural disasters, human interferences, or animal interaction.
The following table shows the changes:-
BEFORE NOW
Animals were killed fewer Animals range is decreasing a lot
There were beautiful places to see Now there are fewer places due to
and plants used to grow more. For excessive buildings being made in
eg. gardens. those places.
COMPONENTS OF ENVIRONMENT
There are three components that are:-
● Natural
● Human made
● Human
[Link]
Natural components are made by nature.
For eg. plants, land,air, water.
2. Human made
Items made by humans are called human made.
For eg. buildings,bridges, industries,etc.
3. Human
Example. Family, community, religion, political situation, etc.
Biotic and abiotic
Biotic
Organisms which are living are known as biotic.
Eg. plants and animals.
Abiotic
Organisms which are non-living are known as abiotic.
Eg. land.
Domains of earth
Hydrosphere is water, lithosphere is land, atmosphere is air and biosphere
is life. If one of the domains is not there, life is not supported.
What is ecosystem?
It is a system formed by the interaction of all living organisms with each
other and with the physical and chemical factors of the environment in
which they live, all linked by transfer of energy and material.
The below picture shows the ecosystem.
Ecosystem processes include decomposition, production [of plant
matter], nutrient cycling, and fluxes of nutrients and energy.
Fundamentally, ecosystem functions are exchange of energy and
nutrients in the food chain. These exchanges sustain plant and
animal life on the planet as well as the decomposition of organic
matter and the production of biomass.
Why is the ecosystem important?
Healthy terrestrial ecosystems are vital for human welfare and
survival, as they provide us with essential products and benefits.
Over 90% of our food comes from terrestrial ecosystems, which
also provide energy, building materials, clothes, medicines,
fresh and clean water, and clean air.
THANKYOU!
SHREYA MAHESH YANDIGERI
CLASS 7 C
ROLL NO 15