Module 5.

2 Camera Shots, Framing, Focus, Angles, and

Movement

MODULE OVERVIEW
Types of Photography and Videography
Photography and videography are essential tools in modern communication,
media production, education, and creative industries. They play a vital role in
documenting events, telling stories, promoting products, and expressing artistic
ideas. With the rapid growth of digital platforms, understanding the different
types of photography and videography has become an important skill for
students pursuing careers in media, technology, education, and creative fields.
This module introduces the major types of photography and videography based
on purpose, subject, and technical approach. It provides students with
foundational knowledge that will help them identify appropriate techniques,
equipment, and creative styles for specific projects. By the end of this module,
learners will be able to distinguish between various types and understand their
applications in real-world settings.

INTRODUCTION TO THE TYPES OF PHOTOGRAPHY AND

VIDEOGRAPHY
Photography is the art and process of capturing still images using light and a
camera, while videography involves recording moving images to tell a story or
convey information. Both fields share common principles such as composition,
lighting, framing, and storytelling, but they differ in execution and purpose.
Photography freezes a moment in time, whereas videography presents motion,
sound, and continuity.
The types of photography and videography are categorized based on subject
matter, function, and technical method. Some types focus on people, such as
portrait or wedding photography, while others emphasize environment, such as
landscape or architectural photography. In videography, categories range from
narrative films and documentaries to social media content and educational
videos.
Understanding these types helps students choose the correct approach for
specific tasks, whether for academic projects, professional work, or creative
expression. It also allows learners to develop technical skills, apply ethical
standards, and enhance visual communication. As future educators, media
practitioners, or content creators, students are expected to apply this knowledge
responsibly and creatively in various contexts.

TYPES OF PHOTOGRAPHY
A. Based on Subject / Purpose
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1. Portrait Photography
Portrait photography focuses on capturing the personality, expression, and mood
of a person or group. It emphasizes facial features, body language, and
emotional connection. Lighting and composition are carefully controlled to
highlight the subject.

2. Landscape Photography
Landscape photography captures natural scenery such as mountains, forests,
rivers, and skies. The goal is to showcase the beauty and scale of the
environment. Photographers often use wide-angle lenses and natural lighting.
3. Wildlife Photography
Wildlife photography involves capturing animals in their natural habitats. It
requires patience, timing, and respect for wildlife. Long lenses are commonly
used to avoid disturbing the subject.
4. Street Photography
Street photography documents candid moments in public places. It focuses on
everyday life, human interaction, and spontaneous scenes. Subjects are often
unaware they are being photographed.
5. Event Photography
Event photography covers occasions such as weddings, birthdays, graduations,
and conferences. The photographer documents key moments and emotions as
they happen. Timing and adaptability are essential skills.
6. Sports Photography
Sports photography captures fast-moving action and intense moments in
sporting events. High shutter speeds are used to freeze motion. The
photographer must anticipate movement and key plays.
7. Fashion Photography
Fashion photography showcases clothing, accessories, and style trends. It is
commonly used in magazines, advertisements, and online platforms. Lighting,
posing, and creative direction are crucial elements.
8. Product Photography
Product photography presents items in a visually appealing and accurate way. It
is mainly used for advertising, e-commerce, and marketing. Proper lighting and
background selection are essential.
9. Food Photography
Food photography focuses on making dishes look attractive and appetizing.
Styling, lighting, and angles are carefully planned. It is commonly used for
menus, advertisements, and social media.

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10. Architectural Photography
Architectural photography captures buildings and structures, both interior and
exterior. It emphasizes design, symmetry, and form. Perspective control is
important to avoid distortion.

11. Travel Photography

Travel photography documents places, cultures, people, and traditions. It
combines elements of landscape, portrait, and street photography. The goal is to
tell a story about a destination.
12. Documentary Photography
Documentary photography tells real-life stories through images. It focuses on
social issues, events, or communities. Authenticity and truthfulness are essential.
13. Photojournalism
Photojournalism uses photographs to report news and current events. Images
must be factual and unaltered. Ethical standards are strictly followed.
14. Fine Art Photography
Fine art photography is created for artistic expression rather than
documentation. It reflects the photographer’s vision, emotions, or concepts.
Images are often displayed in galleries.
15. Conceptual Photography
Conceptual photography conveys ideas or messages through visual symbols. The
concept is more important than the subject itself. Planning and creativity play a
major role.
16. Editorial Photography
Editorial photography supports written content in magazines and publications.
Images are designed to match a story or article. It follows specific themes and
guidelines.
17. Lifestyle Photography
Lifestyle photography captures real-life situations in a natural and relaxed way. It
shows people in everyday activities. The images appear candid but are often
planned.
18. Commercial Photography
Commercial photography is created for business and marketing purposes. It
promotes products, services, or brands. Images are carefully styled to attract
consumers.
19. Advertising Photography

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Advertising photography aims to persuade and influence audiences. It uses
creative visuals to sell ideas or products. Strong composition and storytelling are
essential.
20. Real Estate Photography
Real estate photography highlights properties for sale or rent. It focuses on
space, lighting, and layout. Wide-angle lenses are commonly used.

B. Technical / Specialized Photography

21. Macro Photography
Macro photography captures extremely close-up images of small subjects. It
reveals details not visible to the naked eye. Special lenses are often required.
22. Micro Photography
Micro photography involves capturing images using microscopes. It is commonly
used in scientific and medical fields. High magnification is required.
23. Aerial Photography
Aerial photography is taken from elevated positions such as drones or aircraft. It
provides a unique perspective of landscapes and structures. Safety and
regulations must be followed.
24. Underwater Photography
Underwater photography captures images beneath the water’s surface. Special
waterproof equipment is required. Lighting and clarity are major challenges.
25. Astrophotography
Astrophotography captures celestial objects like stars and planets. Long
exposure settings are commonly used. It requires stable equipment and dark
locations.
26. Infrared Photography
Infrared photography uses light beyond the visible spectrum. It produces unique
colors and contrasts. Special camera modifications or filters are required.
27. HDR Photography
HDR photography combines multiple exposures into one image. It balances
highlights and shadows. This technique increases detail in high-contrast scenes.
28. Long Exposure Photography
Long exposure photography captures motion over time. It creates effects like
light trails and smooth water. A tripod is usually required.

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29. Time-Lapse Photography
Time-lapse photography captures frames over long periods. Images are
combined to show changes quickly. It is used for sunsets, construction, and
nature.
30. Panoramic Photography
Panoramic photography captures wide scenes beyond standard framing. Multiple
images are stitched together. It is commonly used for landscapes and cityscapes.

TYPES OF VIDEOGRAPHY
A. Based on Content / Purpose
1. Narrative / Film Videography
Narrative videography tells fictional stories through video. It includes movies,
short films, and dramas. Scripts and story structure are essential.
2. Documentary Videography
Documentary videography records real-life events and issues. It focuses on truth
and storytelling. Interviews and natural footage are commonly used.
3. Event Videography
Event videography records live events such as weddings and school programs. It
captures important moments as they occur. Planning and timing are critical.
4. Wedding Videography
Wedding videography documents wedding ceremonies and celebrations. It
focuses on emotions and memorable moments. Editing is used to create
highlights.
5. Corporate Videography
Corporate videography produces videos for businesses and organizations. It
includes training videos, company profiles, and promotions. Professional tone is
required.
6. Commercial Videography
Commercial videography creates advertisements for products or services. It aims
to attract and persuade viewers. Creative visuals and storytelling are used.
7. Music Video Production
Music video production visually represents a song or music piece. It combines
performance and storytelling. Editing and timing are crucial.
8. Educational Videography
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Educational videography creates instructional and learning content. It includes
lectures, demonstrations, and tutorials. Clarity and accuracy are important.
9. Interview Videography
Interview videography records conversations with individuals or groups. Proper
framing, lighting, and audio are essential. It is used in documentaries and news.
10. News Videography
News videography captures footage for journalism and reporting. It focuses on
factual events. Ethical standards must be followed.

11. Vlogging
Vlogging is a personal video blogging style. It often features daily life or opinions.
It is commonly shared on social media platforms.
12. Social Media Videography
Social media videography creates short-form content for online platforms. It
focuses on engagement and quick storytelling. Vertical formats are often used.
13. Cinematic Videography
Cinematic videography aims for film-like visuals. It uses dramatic lighting,
composition, and color grading. Storytelling is emphasized.
14. Aerial Videography
Aerial videography records video footage from drones or aircraft. It provides
dynamic perspectives. Safety regulations must be observed.
15. Time-Lapse Videography
Time-lapse videography compresses long events into short videos. It shows
gradual changes quickly. Stable camera placement is required.
16. Slow Motion Videography
Slow motion videography records at high frame rates. Playback reveals details in
fast action. It is commonly used in sports and creative scenes.
17. POV Videography
POV videography shows scenes from the subject’s perspective. It creates an
immersive experience. Action cameras are often used.
18. 360° Videography
360° videography records footage in all directions. Viewers can control their
viewing angle. It is used for virtual reality experiences.
19. Stop Motion Videography

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Stop motion videography uses frame-by-frame movement. Objects are moved
slightly between shots. It creates animated motion.
20. Motion Graphics
Motion graphics combine animation with graphic design. It includes animated
text and visuals. It is commonly used in titles and presentations.

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