Anubandhachatushtaya
DR DEEJA
Anubandha chatushtaya refers to four fold connection/
associations.
The four essential elements necessary to understand the texts.
They are
1. Adhikari (the qualified student/seeker)
2. Vishaya (the subject matter)
3. Sambandha (the relationship between them)
4. Prayojana (the purpose or goal)
This determines whether there is utility in studying the text
To understand and practice the concepts mentioned in any text whether it is
Ayurveda/ philosophy a seeker should thoroughly examine whether the subject
is suitable to oneself and whether it fulfills the objectives of the study.
A learner of Ayurveda has to be aware of these and have to examine the
appropriateness of these before starting an in-depth study of any Ayurvedic
texts, so that the purpose of the study may be fulfilled.
Adhikari (The Qualified Student):
The qualified individual who is capable of understanding the text. This
includes their intellectual capacity and readiness to learn. An adhikari is indeed
an essential thing to exist any science. A person who desirous to have good
health is also an adhikari.
Vishaya (The Subject Matter)-
The subject matter the text deals with. It is also known as Abhideya.
Adhikari cannot be motivated unless there is a vishaya.
Thus acharyas of Ayurveda brings Ayurveda upadesa to the seeker
Thus,
Hitayu, ahitayu, sukhayu, dukhayu and factors which are beneficial for
these all; and its measurements all becomes vishaya.
Sambandha (The Relationship):
The connection between the vishaya and prayojana ; between
prayojan and adhikari or between adhikari and vishaya.
This relationship is what makes the subject matter comprehensible
and relevant to the student.
Sambandha is expected for the accomplishment of the vishaya.
Prayojana (The Purpose or Goal): The ultimate objective or
benefit of studying the text. This is the final outcome, such as
gaining knowledge, achieving a specific result, or attaining
liberation.
Dhatu samya kriya cha ukta tantrasya asya prayojanam |
And ayu is essential for purushartha siddhi ..
Importance
By considering these four aspects, one can better determine if a text is
suitable for their needs and understand its value.
The understanding of this helps the beginner to choose whether he is
apt to study the subject as well as enables him to get the complete
picture of the subject
It is applied in the study of various scriptures, philosophies, and even
in modern fields like medicine, such as in Ayurveda, to ensure proper
education and application.
आयुः कामायमानेन धमाा र्ासखसाधनम् |
आयर्वेदोपदे शेष वर्वधेयुः परमादरुः ||२||
Adhikari – one who desires a long and meaningful life
Vishaya- Ayurveda upadesa
Prayojanam – Purushartha siddhi (dharma, artha, kama, and moksha)
Sambandha- this is seen in how the subject is presented in the chapters
Samhita-
पद: सविकषा संविता |
संह्रीयते एकत्रीयते अनेन यर्ा यत्र स संविता
Union, collection, compilation, systematically arranged
verse or prose, compilation of laws, rules of any subject,
hymns of vedas following particular sequence in
grammer -sandhi
Sastra –
ग्रन्थ
वशष्यते अनेन शास्त्रं | An order or command.
Tantra= Sastra/ Chikitsa
त्रायते शारीरं अनेन इवत तन्त्रं | The one which protects the body either through
sastra/ chikitsa
Sastra does adhyatmika raksha
Chikitsa gives health
AYURVEDA AVATARANA
BRIHAT TRAYEE:
Greater Trio of Ayurveda.
CHARAKA SAMHITA – By Acharya Charaka
SUSRUTA SAMHITA- By Acharya Susruta
SAMHITAS OF VAGBHATTA (Ashtanga Hrudayam & Ashtanga Sangraha )
ACHARYA VAGBHAT (6th Century AD ) -
He was the son of Simhagupta and
grandson of Vagbhat. He belonged to
the region of Sindhu .
.He was the disciple of Avlokitha- the chief monk of Mahayana
bhuddhisam.
He was the author of Ashtang Hridaya and Ashtang Samgraha.
Some opines that the author of Ashtanga Sangraha was Vriddha
vagbhata and the author of Ashtanga Hrudaya was Laghu
vagbhata.
Acharya Vagbhata stated that his work is based on Charaka
Samhita and Sushrut Samhita.
Ashtanga Sangraha
Acharya Vagbhata was the author of the text, the name of the treatise itself
suggest that it is a compilation of the eight branches of Ayurveda such as –
Kaya , Bala, Graha, Urdwanga, Salya, Damshtra, Jara And Vrusha.
Out of all branches of Ayurveda, Acharya Charaka gave top priority to
general medicine ,where as Susruta discussed the surgical aspects in detail
in his treatise susruta smhita.
Keeping this in view, Acharya Vagbhata, gave equal importance to all eight
branches and composed a treatise known as Ashtanga Sangraha.
ASTANGA SANGRAHA :
Tantrakarta : Vriddha Vagbhatta (6th Cen AD)
STHANA CHAPTERS
SUTRA 40
SHARIRA 12
NIDANA 16
CHIKITSA 24
KALPA 8
UTTARA 50
TOTAL – 6 STHANA’s 150 Chapters
COMMENTARY COMMENTATOR
SASILEKHA INDU (13TH Cen AD)
ASHTANGA HRUDAYA-
Written by Acharya Vagbhata. Some opines that Ashtanga Sangraha was
written by Vridhavagbhata and Ashtanga hrudaya by Laghu Vagbhata.
ASTANGA HRIDAYA:
Tantrakarta : Laghu Vagbhatta (6-7 Cen AD)
STHANA CHAPTERS
SUTRA 30
SHARIRA 6
NIDANA 16
CHIKITSA 22
KALPA 6
UTTARA 40
6 STHANA’s 120 Chapters
COMMENTARIES OF ASTANGA HRIDAYA:
COMMENTARY COMMENTATOR
1- SARVANGA SUNDARAM ARUNDATTA(13TH Cen AD)
2- AYURVEDA RASAYANA HEMADRI(13TH Cen AD)
3- PADARTHA CANDRIKA CANDRANANDANA(10TH Cen AD)
4- INDUMATHI INDU (13TH Cen AD)
5- ASTANGA HRIDAYADHYOTA ASADHARA(13TH Cen AD)
6- ASTANGA HRIDAYA TIKA JEJJATA(9TH Cen AD)
7- ASTANGA HRIDAYA TIKA VACASPATI MISRA (14TH Cen AD)
8- CINTAMANI VAIDYA TODARMALLA
9- HRIDAYA BODHIKA DAS PANDIT
10- ASTANGA HRIDAYA TIKA BHATTARA HARISH CHANDRA
11- ALPA BUDDHI PRABHODANA SRIKANTHA
12- VAKYA PRADIPIKA PARAMESHWARA
ASHTA - 8 ; ANGA - BRANCHES
1. KAYACHIKITHSA
2. BALACHIKITHS
3. GRAHACHIKITHSA- PSYCHATRY
4. URDWANGA CHIKITHSA
5. SALYACHIKITHSA
6. VISHA CHIKITHSA
7. RASAYANA CHIKITHSA- JARACHIKITSA
8. VAJEEKARANA CHIKITHSA