The Philippine
Disaster
Context
Photo credit: Google Images; Manila DRRMO
COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT
Objectives
Upon c ompletion of our discussion,
participants will be able to:
1. Describe local disaster situation in
the Philippines;
2. Define the basic disaster concepts;
3. Understand CBDRRM;and
4. Recognize the Four Thematic Areas
in DRRM.
COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT
Local and National Disaster
Situation
We are prone to
natural hazards
because of our
geological and
geographical
characteristics.
Photo credit: Google Images
COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT
Local and National Disaster
Situation
Some
communities
are not yet
equipped with
capacities.
Photo credit: Google Images
COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT
Basic Disaster Concepts
• Disaster
• Hazard
• Capacity
• Vulnerability
• Exposure
• Disaster Risk
COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT
How do we differentiate
disasters from hazards?
COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT
Disaster
Serious disruption of the functioning of
a c ommunity or a society
Human losses
Material losses
Economic losses
Environmental
losses
Photo credit:: Google Images
COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT
Hazard
Dangerous
phenomenon,
substance,
human activity or
condition
Photo credit:: Google Images
COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT
Natural Human-
Induced
✓ Typhoons ✓ Fires
✓ Floods ✓ Accidents
✓ Storm Surges ✓ Aircraft c rash
✓ Earthquakes ✓ Pollution
✓ Tsunamis ✓ Civil disturbance
✓ Volcanic
✓ Terrorist atta cks
eruptions
✓ Explosions
✓ Landslides
✓ Drought ✓ Armed c onflic t
COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT
Photo credit: Google Images
Vulnerability
Characteristics and circumstances
of a community, system, or asset
that make it susceptible to the
damaging effects of a hazard.
Photo credit:: Google Images
COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT
Vulnerability Examples
Attitude of Unsafe housing
helplessness Conflicts in the
design and
dependence and community
construction
indifference
Lack of
knowledge and Lack of education
Lack of
skills on settlements
preparedness and planning and
protective Social inequity and policy
measures poverty
COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT
Capacity
Combination of
all the strengths,
attributes and
resources
available within a
community,
society or
organization
Photo credit:: Google Images
COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT
Capacity Examples
Permanent
housing Family and Responsive
community local
support government
Adequate food
and income Strong
Local
sources community
knowledge and
skills organizations
Ownership of
land
COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT
BRGY BRGY
MASIGASIG MALIGALIG
- Has a DRRM plan - No DRRM plan
- With training - No training
- Conducts regular - C omplacent attitude
drills - Poorly designed
- Retrofitted structures structures
WHICH BARANGAY IS MORE LIKELY
TO EXPERIENCE DISASTER?
COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT
Exposure
The degree to
which a
community is
likely to
experience
hazard events
of different
magnitude
Photo credit:: Google Images
COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT
COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT
Disaster Risk
Potential disaster losses in lives,
health status, livelihood, assets
and services
Photo credit:: Google Images
COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT
Elements at Risk
• People
• Facilities and services
• Livelihood
• Environment
Photo credit:: Google Images
COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT
COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT
Exercise:
Disaster or
Not
COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT
Instructions
1. Two (2) photos labeled as “A” and
“B” will be flashed on screen.
2. Choose whic h photo shows a
disaster.
COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT
A B
COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT
A B
COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT
A B
COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT
A B
COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT
Important Points
• There is no such thing as “natural
disaster”
• A disaster occurs when there is a
Hazard, Vulnerability and Exposure.
• We aim to reduce Risk by increasing our
Capacities.
COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT
Understanding
CBDRRM
Source:Manila DRRMO
Photo credit: Google Images; Manila DRRMO
COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT
LGU
Local Responders
Who will help you
if the local
responders are
affected too?
Communities / Puroks / Sitios Photo credit: Google Images
COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT
CBDRRM:
implementation of DRRM programs, projects
and ac tivities by
communities
themselves.
COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT
Photo-credits: Photography Blogger, Philippine Star, Emotion at Peek - [Link], InterAksyon
Towards
safer,
resilient,
and
developed
community
CBDRRM
PROCESS
COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT
Remember:
CBDRRM is about
communities
helping themselves
before relying on external help.
COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT
Sendai Framework for
Disaster Risk Reduction
• Signed on 2015
• Aims to prevent new
and reduce existing
disaster risk
• Recognizes people-
c entered approach
COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT
Republic Act 10121
• Enacted on 2010
• Legal basis for
DRRM in the
Philippines, from
national down to
barangay levels
COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT
Then: REACTIVE
Top-down, centralized Disasters as function of Focus on response
physical hazards
Bottom-up, Disasters as reflection
Integrated approach
participatory of vulnerability
Now: PROACTIVE
COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT
Photo credit:: Google Images
Learning Insight
COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT
DRRM Thematic Areas
Photo credit: Google Images; Manila DRRMO
COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT
DRRM Thematic Areas
Disaster Disaster
Prevention and Response
Mitigation Provide life preservation
Safer, and basic subsistenc e
Avoid hazards and
mitigate their potential adaptive and needs
impacts disaster
resilient Filipino
communities
Disaster
towards
Disaster sustainable Rehabilitation and
Preparedness development Recovery
Establish and strengthen Restore and improve fac ilities
capacities and living c onditions and
capacities
COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT
No Build Zones
COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT
Kinds of Mitigation
STRUCTURAL / NON STRUCTURAL /
ENGINEERED MEASURES NON-ENGINEERED
MEASURES
Photo credit: Google Images
COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT
Structural/ Engineering
Measures
Photo credit: Google Images
COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT
Non-Structural/
Non-Engineering Measures
Mangrove reforestation
Legislation and land use
regulation
Waste management
Sources: Google Images
COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT
Review: DRRM Thematic Areas
Disaster Disaster
Prevention and Response
Mitigation
Safer, Provide life preservation
and basic subsistenc e
Avoid hazards and
mitigate their potential adaptive and needs
impacts disaster
resilient Filipino
communities
Disaster
towards
Disaster sustainable Rehabilitation and
Preparedness development Recovery
Establish and strengthen Restore and improve fac ilities
capacities and living c onditions and
capacities
COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT
Sources: Google Images
COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT
Drills and Exercises
COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT
COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT
“Go Bag”
COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT
Review: DRRM Thematic Areas
Disaster Disaster
Prevention and Response
Mitigation
Safer, Provide life preservation
and basic subsistenc e
Avoid hazards and
mitigate their potential adaptive and needs
impacts disaster
resilient Filipino
communities
Disaster
towards
Disaster sustainable Rehabilitation and
Preparedness development Recovery
Establish and strengthen Restore and improve fac ilities
capacities and living c onditions and
capacities
COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT
Disaster Response
Disaster Response is the
provision of emergency
services and public assistance
during or immediately after a
disaster.
COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT
Evacuation
• Communities
at risk
• Children
• Senior citizens
• PWDs
• Vulnerable
sectors
COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT
Relief Delivery
Relief Delivery aims to ensure the
immediate survival of the affected
population by providing emergency health
services, temporary shelter, food, and non-
food items.
Sources: Google Images
COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT
Specialized Response:
FIRST AID
COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT
First Aid is the
provision of initial
care to the injured
until professional
care arrives
Sources: [Link] Batangas City Government
COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT
Initial Assessment
CONSCIOUS UNCONSCIOUS
• Possible reasons • Check for
for injury/illness breathing
• Examine from
head to toe
• Check for vital
signs
COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT
Conduct of Initial Assessment
(During or before arranging for medical help)
COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT
Specialized Response:
SEARCH AND RESCUE
COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT
Specialized Response:
MANAGEMENT OF THE
DEAD AND MISSING
COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT
Specialized Response:
MENTAL HEALTH AND
PSYCHOSOCIAL SUPPORT
COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT
Mental Health and
Psychosocial Support
(MHPSS)
Aims to protect or promote
psychosocial well-being
and/or prevent or treat mental
disorder as a result of the
disaster
COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT
Disasters cause mental and
psychosocial problems
Photo credit: Google Images; Manila DRRMO
COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT
Photo-credits: [Link], [Link],
Review: DRRM Thematic Areas
Disaster Disaster
Prevention and Response
Mitigation
Safer, Provide life preservation
and basic subsistenc e
Avoid hazards and
mitigate their potential adaptive and needs
impacts disaster
resilient Filipino
communities
Disaster
towards
Disaster sustainable Rehabilitation and
Preparedness development Recovery
Establish and strengthen Restore and improve fac ilities
capacities and living c onditions and
capacities
COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT
“Build Back Better”
Photo credit:: Google Images
COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT
Review: DRRM Thematic Areas
Disaster Disaster
Prevention and Response
Mitigation
Safer, Provide life preservation
and basic subsistenc e
Avoid hazards and
mitigate their potential adaptive and needs
impacts disaster
resilient Filipino
communities
Disaster
towards
Disaster sustainable Rehabilitation and
Preparedness development Recovery
Establish and strengthen Restore and improve fac ilities
capacities and living c onditions and
capacities
COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT
Questions?
COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT
Thank you so much
for listening?
COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT
Question No. 1?
What do you call a serious
disruption of the functioning
of a community or a society
which resulted to human
losses, material losses,
economic losses and
environmental losses?
COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT
Question No. 2?
It is a dangerous
phenomenon, substance,
human activity or condition.
COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT
Question No. 3?
What are the two types of
hazard?
COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT
Question No. 4?
It is a characteristics and
circumstances of a community,
system, or asset that make it
susceptible to the damaging
effects of a hazard.
COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT
Question No. 5?
It is a combination of all
the strengths, attributes
and resources available
within a community,
society or organization.
COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT
Question No. 6?
The degree to which
a community is
likely to experience
hazard events of
different magnitude.
COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT
Question No. 7?
Refers to potential
disaster losses in lives,
health status,
livelihood, assets
and services.
COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT
Question No. 8?
A law which was enacted
on 2010 and it is a legal
basis for DRRM in the
Philippines, from national
down to barangay levels.
COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT
Question No. 9?
A thematic area which avoid
hazards and mitigate the
potential impacts. Example.
Construction of gabion, flood
control project, seawall etc.
COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT
Question No. 10?
A thematic area which
establish and strengthen
capacities. Example.
Conduct of earthquake
drill.
COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT