DOHA MODERN INDIAN SCHOOL
SCIENCE
GRADE: 8 NOTES CHAPTER - 13
SOUND
Parents to NOTE:
These notes are given for the purpose of practice and learning only
Whatever the students are supposed to write in the notebook are
done in the school itself (Q No: 1 to 6) to be written in the note book
(Q No: 7 to 9 ) not to be written in the notebook but to be learnt.
This note is also to be used by the students who were absent while
these topics were taught.
[Link] is sound produced?
Ans: Sound is produced by vibration of objects. This vibration can be of any
kind. Vibration is a rapid to-and-fro or up and down movement around
mean position.
[Link] the factors on which the sound depends.
Ans: The speed of sound depends on the nature and temperature of the
medium.
• The sound travels fastest in solids (because the molecules are closely
packed) and slowest in gases. As a result, it takes less time for the vibrations
to be transferred to the neighbouring particles.
• As the temperature increases, the speed of sound increases. On the other
hand, the speed of sound decreases with decrease in temperature.
[Link] characteristic of sound will help us to distinctly identify the sounds
of different instruments playing at the same amplitude and frequency?
Ans: Timbre or quality of the sound will help us to distinctly identify the
sounds of different instruments playing at the same amplitude and
frequency.
5. What is time period?
Ans: The time taken by the pendulum to complete one oscillation, that is,
the time taken by the bob to complete one to-and-fro movement is called
the time period of oscillation. It is measured in second (s).
[Link] does Sonar technique work?
Ans: The working of sonar technique is based on the fact that time taken by
the ultrasonic sound from the source of sound to an obstacle is equal to the
time taken by the reflected sound (echo) from that obstacle to the source of
sound.
• The time is then used to calculate the distance between the source of
sound and the obstacle.
• Echo is used in SONAR (Sound Navigation and Ranging) for various
purposes.
• Sonar technique is utilised to:
• Measure the depth of seas or oceans.
• Locate underwater objects such as shipwrecks and submarine.
[Link] the effects of noise pollution.
Ans: The effects of noise pollution are:
• partial or total loss of hearing ability,
• stress, high blood pressure,
• change in sleep pattern, irritation, headache, unconsciousness and
possibility of heart attack in case of sudden exposure to loud music
[Link] between noise and music.
Ans: Music is the art of arranging and combining sounds in order to
create a harmonious melody while noise is an unwanted sound that is
usually very loud and meaningless.
• Music is pleasing to the ears while noise is an unpleasant sound.
• Noise has irregular wave form and wave length and has low frequency
while music has frequencies and wave lengths that are harmonious.
• Noise can obstruct and confuse the spoken messages of man and
animals when they are communicating with each other while music has a
very soothing and pleasing effect.
[Link] the functions of cochlea and auditory nerve.
Ans: a. Cochlea: The cochlea is a portion of the inner ear that looks like a
snail shell. The cochlea receives sound in the form of vibrations, which
cause the hair cells to move. The hair cells then convert these vibrations
into nerve impulses which are taken up to the brain to be interpreted.
b. Auditory nerve: The auditory nerve is the nerve related to hearing. It
carries sound information from the cochlea, inner ear, to the brain which
then interprets the sound and thus giving animals the sense of hearing.
Questions for self learning ,write in the blank page of the note book.
Link: Sound | Class 8 | Science | CBSE | ICSE | FREE Tutorial - YouTube
[Link] deepest part of the oceans in the world is the Mariana Trench in the
Pacific Ocean. It is 11,000 m deep. How long will it take for sound
transmitted by a ship, from the surface of water above the trench to be
reflected? (Speed of sound in seawater = 1500 m/s)
2.A person standing on the ground hears a thunder 4 s after seeing a flash of
lightning. How high is the cloud from the ground? (Speed of sound in air =
343 m/s.)
Write the notes neatly in the note book with proper date, heading and
index