CLASS 11 CHEMISTRY IMPORTANT QUESTIONS
Q1. Calculate the empirical formula of a compound containing: C = 40%, H = 6.7%, O = 53.3%.
Q2. (a) How many moles are present in 44 g CO2?
(b) How many moles in 11.2 L NH3 at STP?
Q3. 10 g of calcium reacts with excess oxygen.
Calculate the mass of CaO formed. (Ca = 40, O = 16)
Q4. When 2 moles of H2 react with 1 mole of O2: (a) Identify limiting reagent (b) Moles of H2O formed?
Q5. Define molarity. Calculate molarity of solution prepared by dissolving 5 g NaOH in 250 mL solution
TOPIC 2: HESS'S LAW (4 Questions)
Q1. State Hess's Law of constant heat summation.
Q2. Given: C + 02→ CO2 (AH = -393 kJ), CO + 1/202→ CO2 (AH = -283 kJ).
Calculate AH for: C + 1/202 CO.
Q3. Why does enthalpy change remain same irrespective of path?
Q4. Explain how Hess's Law is useful in calculating enthalpy of formation
: TOPIC 3: pH CALCULATION (5 Questions)
Q1. Calculate pH of 0.01 M HCI solution.
Q2. Calculate pH of 0.001 M NaOH solution.
Q3. Define buffer solution. Give one example.
Q4. Write Henderson-Hasselbalch equation.
Q5. Calculate pH of solution containing 0.1 M acetic acid and 0.1 M sodium acetate
(pKa = 4.76).
TOPIC 4: EQUILIBRIUM (5 Questions)
Q1. Write expression for Kc for: 2SO2 + 02 2SO3
Q2. Define equilibrium constant. What does large K value indicate?
Q3. State Le Chatelier's Principle.
Q4. How does increase in pressure affect equilibrium in gaseous reactions?
Q5. Derive relation between Kp and Kc.
TOPIC 5 : REDOX REACTIONS (4 Questions)
Q1. Define oxidation and reduction with example.
Q2. Calculate oxidation number of: (a) Mn in KMnO4 (b) S in H2SO4.
Q3. Balance using oxidation number method: Fe2+ + MnO4 Fe3+ + Mn2+ (acidic medium).
Q4. Identify oxidizing and reducing agent in: Zn + CuSO4 →→ ZnSO4 + Cu.
Topic 6: Quantum Numbers
1. Define the four quantum numbers and state what information each gives about an electron.
2. Write the possible values of (a) I when n = 3 (b) ml when I = 2.
3. How many orbitals are present in (a) p-subshell (b) d-subshell (c) n = 4 shell? 1/2
4. Write the set of quantum numbers for the last electron of (a) Na (Z=11) (b) CI (Z=17).
5. Why can two electrons in the same orbital not have the same set of quantum numbers? Name the principle
involved.
Topic 7: Electronic Configuration
1. Write the electronic configuration of (a) Fe (Z=26) (b) Cr (Z=24) (c) Cu (Z=29).
2 .State Aufbau principle, Pauli exclusion principle and Hund's rule.
3. Why is 4s filled before 3d?
4. How many unpaired electrons are present in (a) Nitrogen (b) Oxygen (c) Fe3+?
5. Which is more stable and why: Half-filled d-subshell or completely filled d-subshell?
Topic 8: Periodic Trends
11. Explain the trend of atomic radius across a period and down a group.
12. Why does ionization enthalpy increase across a period?
13. Why is the first ionization energy of oxygen less than nitrogen?
14. Arrange the following in increasing order of atomic radius: Na, Mg, Al, Si.
15. Define electronegativity. Why does it decrease down the group?
Topic 9: Hybridization and VSEPR
16. Determine the hybridization and shape of (a) CH4 (b) NH3 (c) H2O.
17. Explain VSEPR theory. Why is the bond angle in NH3 smaller than CH4?
18. Determine the hybridization of (a) CO2 (b) BF3 (c) PCI5.
19. Why is H2O bent in shape?
20. What is the hybridization and geometry of (a) SF6 (b) BeCI2?
Topic 10: Gibbs Free Energy
21. State Gibbs free energy equation and explain each term.
22. Under what condition is a reaction spontaneous?
23. For a reaction: Delta H = -40 kJ, Delta S = -100 J K^-1. At what temperature will the reaction become
non-spontaneous?
24. Differentiate between exothermic reaction and spontaneous reaction.
25. Explain why a reaction with positive Delta H can still be spontaneous.
Topic 11: IUPAC Nomenclature
1. Give IUPAC name of: (a) CH3-CH(CH3)-CH2-CH3 (b) (CH3)3C-CH2-CH3
2. Write IUPAC name of compound containing one ethyl and two methyl substituents on pentane.
3. Identify the longest chain and name: CH3-CH2-CH(CH3)-CH(CH3)-CH3
4. Write structure of 2,3-dimethylbutane.
5. Why numbering is done from nearest substituent? Explain with example.
Topic 12: Inductive Effect & Resonance
6. Arrange in increasing order of acidity: CH3COOH, CICH2COOH, CI2CHCOOH.
7. Explain why -NO2 group is electron withdrawing.
8. Draw resonance structures of NO2- ion.
9. Which is more stable and why? Allyl carbocation vs simple carbocation.
10. Define +I and -I effect with examples.
Topic 13: Markovnikov & Peroxide Effect
11. State Markovnikov's rule with example.
12. What is peroxide effect? Why does it apply only to HBr?
13. Predict major product of Propene + HBr (with peroxide).
14. Explain mechanism of addition of HBr to ethene.
15. Why is carbocation stability important in Markovnikov addition?
Topic 14: Electrophilic Substitution in Benzene
16. Write mechanism of nitration of benzene.
17. Why benzene prefers substitution over addition?
18. What is Friedel-Crafts alkylation? Give example.
19. Name catalyst used in halogenation of benzene.
20. Explain ortho/para directing nature of -CH3 group.
Topic 15: Advanced Benzene Mechanism/Application
21. Explain formation of sigma complex in electrophilic substitution.
22. Predict product of Toluene + Br2/FeBr3.
23. Why nitro group is meta-directing?
24. Differentiate between activating and deactivating groups.
25. Draw energy profile diagram for electrophilic substitution reaction.