Choice B: Developing Nations It is true that developed nations
contributed heavily to greenhouse gas
The greenhouse effect is intensified by
emissions in the past. They industrialized
human activities that release greenhouse
early and used large amounts of coal, oil,
gases into the atmosphere. While
and gas. However, we must look at the
developed nations contributed more in the
situation today — karon nga panahon.
past, climate change today is driven
by current and increasing emissions. At present, many developing nations are
now among the largest and fastest-
Many developing nations now produce
growing emitters of greenhouse gases.
large and rapidly growing amounts of
Because of rapid population growth,
greenhouse gases due to industrial
industrial expansion, urbanization, and
growth, population increase, and land-use
increasing energy demand, their carbon
changes. Climate change responds to
emissions are rising quickly. Kung
total emissions, not historical emissions
magpadayon ni nga trend, developing
alone. Busa, kung kinsa ang dako og
nations will contribute even more
ginabuga karon, dako usab ang
emissions in the future.
responsibilidad.
Climate change is not only about the past;
This creates a clash between global justice
it is about what is happening now and
and shared responsibility. However, shared
what will happen next. If developing
responsibility means that all major
countries continue to increase emissions
emitters today, including developing
without strong environmental policies, the
nations, must take greater action to
global temperature will continue to rise.
reduce emissions — para sa karon ug sa
Therefore, responsibility must also be
umaabot.
based on current actions and future
Explanation in PPT impact — dili lang sa unsay nahitabo
Position: Choice B – Developing sauna.
Nations This does not mean ignoring historical
Climate Responsibility Must Reflect responsibility. However, climate justice
Present and Future Emissions should also consider fairness in present
The greenhouse effect becomes stronger contributions. Since developing nations
because of human activities such as are now major contributors and their
burning fossil fuels, cutting down forests, emissions are rapidly growing, they must
and industrial production. This leads to take greater responsibility in reducing
climate change, which affects all countries carbon emissions, investing in renewable
— pinaagi sa kusog nga bagyo, pagbaha, energy, and promoting sustainable
tagtuyot, ug pagtaas sa temperatura sa development — para sa kaayohan sa
kalibutan. tanan ug sa umaabot nga henerasyon.
The main question now is: Who bears In conclusion, climate responsibility must
greater responsibility today? be shared, but it should reflect present
and future emissions. Because developing
Our position is that climate nations are now significant and growing
responsibility must reflect present contributors to global greenhouse gases,
and future emissions, not only they must also bear greater responsibility
historical emissions. in addressing climate change.
ARGUMENT 1: CURRENT EMISSIONS emitters today, they must also take
MATTER significant responsibility in reducing
greenhouse gases.
Climate change is caused by the total
amount of greenhouse gases in the Climate change is a present and future
atmosphere. It does not matter only who crisis — dili lang ni problema sa nangagi,
polluted in the past — what matters is how kundi problema sa karon ug sa umaabot.
much carbon dioxide and other gases are
being added today and in the coming Introduction (Explanation)
years. Climate change happens because of the
The Earth responds to the total enhanced greenhouse effect, which is
concentration of emissions. So if emissions caused by human activities like burning
continue to increase now, global warming fossil fuels, cutting down forests, and
will also continue to worsen — bisan unsa industrial production. These activities
pa ang nahitabo sauna. release greenhouse gases that trap heat
in the atmosphere.
At present, some developing nations are
already among the largest contributors It is true that developed nations produced
to global emissions: large emissions in the past. However,
climate responsibility today should not
China – currently the largest CO₂ only focus on history. It must also consider
emitter in the world. Its rapid who is producing large emissions now
industrial growth and heavy use of and who will produce more in the
coal have significantly increased future.
global carbon emissions.
Today, many developing nations are
India – one of the fastest-growing rapidly industrializing. Their populations
economies, with rapidly increasing are growing, and their demand for energy
emissions due to expanding is increasing. Because of this, their
industries and energy demand. emissions are also increasing quickly.
Since climate change depends on
Brazil – contributes major
cumulative and continuing emissions,
emissions largely because of
responsibility should include both past and
deforestation, especially in the
present contributors — dili lang ang
Amazon Rainforest, which reduces
nangagi, kundi apil ang karon ug umaabot.
the planet’s ability to absorb
carbon dioxide.
These examples show that developing Definition: Climate Responsibility
nations are no longer minor contributors. (Explanation)
In fact, they are now key players in global
emissions. Kung magpadayon ang pagtaas Climate responsibility means that
sa ilang emissions, climate change will countries have the obligation to reduce
accelerate further. greenhouse gas emissions and help
prevent further global warming.
Therefore, if we truly want to address
climate change effectively, responsibility According to the Intergovernmental Panel
must be based on current realities, not on Climate Change, to limit global
only historical blame. Since some warming to 1.5°C or 2°C, all major
developing nations are among the largest emitting countries must significantly
reduce their emissions.
While past emissions are important, the Climate change responsibility today
future of the planet depends greatly on should be based on current and future
current and projected emissions. greenhouse gas emissions, not only on
Therefore, responsibility must reflect not emissions from the past (dili lang sa mga
only who polluted before, but also who has emissions sauna). It is true that developed
the power to influence future temperature nations contributed a large share in
increases. Kung dako ang contribution history, but today many developing
karon, dako usab ang responsibilidad. nations are already among the biggest
and fastest-growing emitters because of
rapid industrialization (paspas nga
industriyalisasyon), large population, and
Argument 1: Current Emissions
high energy demand.
Matter (Explanation)
The greenhouse effect responds to the
Climate change responds to the total
total amount of greenhouse gases in the
concentration of greenhouse gases in
atmosphere (total nga greenhouse gases
the atmosphere. This means that current
sa atmospera). This means that the
emissions directly affect how much
emissions being released now (ginabuga
warming will happen.
karon) directly affect future global
Recent data show that: warming. If emissions in developing
nations continue to rise (magpadayon ang
China produces about 30% of pagtaas), they will have a major influence
global carbon dioxide emissions, on the future condition of the climate
making it the largest emitter today. (kahimtangan sa klima).
India is among the top emitters This issue creates a clash between global
and its emissions are rapidly justice and shared responsibility. Global
increasing due to economic growth. justice focuses on history (kasaysayan),
Brazil contributes significantly while shared responsibility means that all
through deforestation in the countries with high emissions today must
Amazon Rainforest. take action (kinahanglan mubuhat og
aksyon), even if they are still developing.
These countries are considered developing If a country has a big contribution now
or emerging economies. Since they now (dako og kontribusyon karon), it should
represent a large share of global also carry a big responsibility.
emissions, they strongly influence future
climate outcomes. In conclusion (sa katapusan), if we truly
want to solve climate change, we must
Therefore, if we are serious about solving base responsibility on present realities
climate change, responsibility must be (karon nga realidad) and future risks
based on who is emitting the most (umaabot nga peligro). Therefore, climate
today and who will emit the most responsibility today should be placed more
tomorrow — dili lang kung kinsa ang on developing nations because their
nakasala sauna. current and future emissions play a very
important role in the future of the world
(kaugmaon sa kalibutan).
Choice B: Developing Nations
Response if the Opponent Defends In conclusion, focusing only on developed
Developed Nations nations ignores present realities. Ang
tinuod nga solusyon sa climate
If the opposing side argues that
change kinahanglan magbase sa
developed nations should carry greater
karon ug sa umaabot, and that is why
responsibility because of historical
developing nations must take greater
emissions, we acknowledge that this
responsibility today.
argument has merit. Developed nations
industrialized earlier and benefited from
long-term fossil fuel use. However,
historical responsibility alone is not 🔥 Quick Rebuttal Line (Optional for
enough to solve today’s climate Debate)
crisis.
“Historical emissions explain the past, but
Climate change is driven by continuous current emissions determine the future —
and cumulative emissions, not by past ug karon, developing nations ang
actions alone. Ang kalibutan dili pinakadako og impluwensya sa umaabot
motan-aw kung kinsa ang nakapollute nga climate change.”
sauna, kundi kung pila ang ginabuga
While developed nations have higher
karon ug sa umaabot.
historical emissions, climate change
While developed nations’ emissions have today is driven by current and
stabilized or even declined, many continuing emissions. Ang kalibutan
developing nations’ emissions are motubag sa ginabuga karon, dili lang
rapidly increasing. Due to fast industrial sa nangagi.
growth, large populations, and expanding
Many developing nations now produce
energy needs, developing countries now
large and rapidly increasing greenhouse
contribute a major share of global
gases due to industrial growth and
greenhouse gases. Kung sila ang
population demand. Kung sila ang
pinakadako og dugang sa emissions
pinakadako og emissions karon, sila
karon, sila usab ang dako og epekto
usab ang dako og impluwensya sa
sa umaabot nga climate change.
umaabot nga climate change.
The concept of global justice must be
Therefore, while developed nations should
balanced with shared responsibility.
still help, greater climate
Justice is not only about correcting the
responsibility must now lie with
past; it is also about preventing greater
developing nations, because present
harm in the future. If developing nations
actions shape future outcomes.
continue emitting at current rates, future
warming will worsen — bisan pa unsa pa
kadako ang gibuhat sa developed
nations sauna.
Therefore, while developed nations should
continue supporting climate action
through technology, funding, and
leadership, greater responsibility must
now shift toward developing nations,
because they hold the greatest influence
over future emissions trends.