EFFICACY OF ORANGE (Citrus sinensis) PEEL EXTRACT AND
RICE (Oryza sativa) WATER AS FERTILIZER FOR MUNG BEANS
(Vigna radiata)
A Research Proposal
Presented to the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences of Don Pablo
Lorenzo Memorial High School
In Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements in Practical Research 2
Melvin Anthony A. Dapito
Metch Rez S. Fabor
Raila Frielle D.C. Francisco
Fritzy Gail B. Enriquez
Princess Nicole L. Rebollos
Annie Pearl T. Ordoyo
Nhicorayver Teodoro
Alexis Anthony C. Turla
SEPTEMBER 2023
Tentative Research Title: Efficacy of Orange (Citrus sinensis) Peel Extract and
Rice (Oryza sativa) Water as Fertilizer for Mung Beang (Vigna radiata)
What type of research will it use?
This research study will be utilizing experimental type of research
specifically the true experiment research. This type of experimental research
uses the scientific methods to establish the cause-effect relationship among a
group of variables that make up a study. A true experiment is any study where an
effect is made to identify and impose control over all other variables except one.
An independent variable (IV) is manipulated to determine the effects on the
dependent variable (DV). Subjects are randomly assigned to experimental
treatments rather than identified in naturally occurring groups.
What is the study all about?
Although chemical fertilizers have assisted farmers in boosting crop output
since the 1930’s, they have the potential to pollute waterways, induce crop
chemical burn, increase air pollution, acidify the soil, and deplete soil minerals
(Hunt, n.d.). Minerals and nutrients like phosphate and potassium loss along with
land degradation and soil fertility loss (Shwartz, 2014),
Orange (Citrus sinensis) peels are safe to add to your plants. Over time,
as the citrus peels decompose, they add nitrogen, potassium, and phosphorus to
your compost. Those are three of the most essential nutrients needed by plants
(Kadence, 2013). Rice water contains vitamins and minerals that help plants
develop by adding tiny amounts of NPK (nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium)
to the soil (Kris, 2019). This study uses the organic NPK found in orange peels
and rice water as an alternative fertilizer for mung beans.
Statement of the problem:
This research study aims to determine the potential of orange peel extract
and rice water as an alternative fertilizer for mung beans. Because of this, the
study aims to seek the following:
1. The mean number of leaves and mean leaf length (cm) of the mung bean
plants that will be expose in the different treatments [ Treatment 1 – 50ml
of tap water (control), Treatment 2 – 70ml of OPE and 30ml of RW,
Treatment 3 – 30ml of OPE and 70ml of RW, Treatment 4 – 50ml of OPE
and 50ml of RW].
2. Significant difference among the 4 different treatments in terms of:
a. Number of leaves of mung bean plant
b. Leaf length in terms of centimeter ; and
3. The most effective treatment among the 4 different treatments in growing
mung bean plants in terms of number of leaves and leaf length (cm).
Control Treatment Experimental Treatment
Treatments Treatment 1 Treatment 2 Treatment 3 Treatment 4
Material TW OPE RW TW OPE RW TW OPE RW TW OPE RW
Quantity 50ml - - - 70ml 30ml - 30ml 70ml - 50ml 50ml
Replicates 3
Samples 3
Who/What is involved in the research?
TW: Tap Water
OPE: Orange Peel Extract
RW: Rice Water
Where will the study happen?
The research study will be conducted at Turla’s residence,
Tambucho Drive, Camino Nuevo, Zamboanga City. The mung bean plants
will be place at the backyard which is an open area so that the mung bean
plants will be completely expose in the direct sunlight.
What makes a research problem relevant?
Excessive use of chemical fertilizers disturbs the ecosystem in the
following ways : Excessive use of fertilizers leads to soil and water
pollution. It has the potential to degrade soil fertility. Fertilizers kill soil
microorganisms as the soil is not replenished. In addition, heavy metals
such as Mercury, Lead, Cadmium and Uranium have been found in
fertilizers, which can cause disturbances in the kidneys, lungs and liver
and cause cancer (WHO,2014). Chemical fertilizer that are using from a
long duration reduces the microbial activity and imbalance the pH of the
soil. The effectiveness of this study will help controlling the excessive and
inappropriate use of chemical fertilizers by using an alternative fertilizer
that is much more environmentally friendly.
Flow chart of the data gathering procedure
Preparation of
Data gathering Data analysis
orange peel extract
Preparation of rice Application of
Waste disposal
water treatments
Preparation of mung Preparation of
bean germination treatments
Detailed procedure of the experiment
Preparation of Orange Peel Extract
Fifteen (15) pieces of orange fruit will be collected. The oranges will
be peeled and will be place in a container. Afterwards, 300ml of water will
be pour in a container. The peels of the orange will be place in the large
container and mix. The mixture will be left for 48 hours (2 days) sealed in
order for the orange peels release its nutrients in the water. After 48 hours,
the mixture will be strain to separate and remove the unnecessary orange
peels.
Preparation of Rice Water
The water left over after washing rice will be collected. The rice
water should be fresh in order to avoid rot or decaying of the rice water.
Preparation of Mung Beans Germination
The researchers will be following and adapting the sprouting
method of Swasthi (2021). The 100 mung beans will be wash thoroughly
with cold water. The mung beans will be soak in a container with water for
a day. After 24 hours, the water will be drain and the mung beans will be
rinse with cold water. After that, the swelled mung beans will be place and
will be tie tightly on a clean wet clothe for 24 hours. After 24 hours, the
sprouted mung beans will be set aside.
Preparation of Mung Bean Plants
Thirty-two (32) plastic cups will be collected and will be label
according to the treatment number, replicate number, and sample number
it represents. With the use of a glue stick, 4-6 holes will be made at the
bottom of each of the 32 cups. ¾ cups of soil will be added in each plastic
cups. Three (3) mung beans will be place on each cup, The plastic cups
will be place in a safe outside and will be arrange according to the
arrangement of treatment layout.
Randomization of Treatments
The lottery method will be utilize to completely randomize the
arrangement of the treatments of plastic cups.
Preparation of Treatments
The researcher will prepare the treatments per application as
shown in the table below.
Control Treatment Experimental Treatment
Treatments Treatment 1 Treatment 2 Treatment 3 Treatment 4
Material TW OPE RW TW OPE RW TW OPE RW TW OPE RW
Quantity 50ml - - - 70ml 30ml - 30ml 70ml - 50ml 50ml
Replicates 3
Samples 3
TW: Tap Water
OPE: Orange Peel Extract
RW: Rice Water
Application of Treatments
Treatment will be apply to the mung beans for 21 days (3 weeks)
with the same treatment they represent base on their labels.
Data Gathering
Each plant will be observe every day for 21 days (3 weeks). On the
21st day of the observation, the number of leaves will be counted and
length of the leaves will be measured in terms of centimeter in each mung
bean plant. Measured and collected data will be written and recorded to
be analyze.
Data Analysis
The statistical result of the study will be presented with the help of
One-Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) with the help of Tukey Post Hoc
HSD significance test to determine if the relationship between two sets of
data is significantly different.
Waste Disposal
All of the solid materials will be dispose at the trash bins. The liquid
wastes will be thrown at the sewages, following the Ecological Solid Waste
Management Act of 2000 (RA 9008).
FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE THE DECISION MAKING OF
GRADE 10 STUDENTS OF DON PABLO LORENZO MEMORIAL
HIGH SCHOOL IN CHOOSING THEIR SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
STRAND
A Research Proposal
Presented to the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences of Don Pablo
Lorenzo Memorial High School
In Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements in Practical Research 2
Melvin Anthony A. Dapito
Metch Rez S. Fabor
Raila Frielle D.C. Francisco
Fritzy Gail B. Enriquez
Princess Nicole L. Rebollos
Annie Pearl T. Ordoyo
Nhicorayver Teodoro
Alexis Anthony C. Turla
SEPTEMBER 2023
Tentative Research Title: Factors that Influence the Decision Making of
Grade 10 Students of Don Pablo Lorenzo Memorial High School in
Choosing their Senior High School Strand
What type of research will it use?
This research will utilize quantitative descriptive research design. A
quantitative descriptive research is a type of research that aims to describe or
document the characteristics, behaviors, attitudes, opinions or perceptions of a
group or population through standardized questionnaires or interviews (Hassan,
M., 2023).
What is the study all about?
Each student makes a decision about their future career and the wisest
choice to take. Some students are completely certain of the course they want to
take, while others are not (Kaneez & Medha, 2018). If a student is careless with
their career and wanders aimlessly, they may not achieve their desired career
objective and succeed in their career. Therefore, career planning is crucial in
helping students develop successful careers by helping them choose the right
fields and take the necessary steps (Siddiky & Akter, 2021). Choosing a strand
for senior high school is one of the challenges that grade 10 students are facing.
They consider the factors affecting their decision when choosing their preferred
strand. According to Moneva & Malbas (2019), choosing a career is crucial.
Exploring the student's field of interest will increase their skill level and help them
prepare for the right career track. These factors play a crucial role in determining
the right career that suits them.
Statement of the problem:
This study aims to determine the factors affecting the decision making of
grade 10 students of Don Pablo Lorenzo Memorial High School in choosing their
senior high school strand.
Specifically, this study aims to answer the following questions:
1. What is the demographic profile of the respondents in terms of:
1.1 Age
1.2 Gender
2. What are the factors that affects the decision making of grade 10 students
of Don Pablo Lorenzo Memorial High School in choosing their senior high
school strand
a. Interest
b. Family
c. Peer pressure
d. Job opportunities
3. Is there a significant difference in the decision making of grade 10
students of Don Pablo Lorenzo Memorial High School in choosing their
senior high school strand when grouped according to their demographic
profile.
Who/What is involved in the research?
The participants of the study are the grade 10 students of Don
Pablo Lorenzo Memorial High School.
Where will the study happen?
The study will take place at Don Pablo Lorenzo Memorial High
School, Gov. Ramos Ave., Sta. Maria, Zamboanga City.
What makes a research problem relevant?
The subjects you choose to take in senior high school will depend
on your chosen track and strand. Your two academic years in SHS are
intended for you to engage in specialized upper secondary education, and
you must select a track when you enter.
You are encouraged to compare the many courses, strands, and
speciality to see which ones would best suit your interests, talents, and
strengths. You will be more motivated for your future job by selecting the
right Senior High School strand.
Studying gets more fun once you select a strand you enjoy.
Learning is enjoyable, and it also broadens your knowledge and abilities
while introducing you to your chosen topic of study in advance of college.
Sample Questionnaire
Factors that Strongly Disagree Neither Agree Agree Strongly Agree
influence Disagree (2) nor Disagree (4) (5)
decision making (1) (3)
of grade 10
students of
DPLMHS in
taking their
senior high
school strand
INTEREST
My choices
depend on my
like and interest
I have the
freedom to
choose my
desired strand
based on my
interests.
I do things
willingly if I’m
personally
interested in
them.
FAMILY
My parents’
opinions about
my career
decisions
matter.
My parents give
me the freedom
to decide on my
senior high
school strand.
My final senior
high school
strand decision
depends on my
parents.
PEER PRESSURE
I prefer to join
my peer group
in selecting a
strand.
My peers’
informal talk
leads me of
what I should
plan to choose.
My peers
inspire me to
choose what I
like to take.
JOB OPPORTUNITY
Before deciding
on a career
path, I consider
the available job
opportunities.
I look for job
opportunities
that are aligned
with each
strand.
My senior high
school strand
decision most
likely depends
on the job
opportunities
aligned with
them.
LEVEL OF AWARENESS OF SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS
ON SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN DON PABLO
LORENZO MEMORIAL HIGH SCHOOL STAND ALONE – SENIOR
HIGH SCHOOL
A Research Proposal
Presented to the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences of Don Pablo
Lorenzo Memorial High School
In Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements in Practical Research 2
Melvin Anthony A. Dapito
Metch Rez S. Fabor
Raila Frielle D.C. Francisco
Fritzy Gail B. Enriquez
Princess Nicole L. Rebollos
Annie Pearl T. Ordoyo
Nhicorayver Teodoro
Alexis Anthony C. Turla
SEPTEMBER 2023
What type of research will it use?
This research will utilize quantitative descriptive research design. A
quantitative descriptive research is a type of research that aims to
describe or document the characteristics, behaviors, attitudes, opinions or
perceptions of a group or population through standardized questionnaires
or interviews (Hassan, M., 2023).
What is the study all about?
This study is all about the level of awareness of the students on
solid waste management practices in Don Pablo Lorenzo Memorial High
School Stand Alone – Senior High School. Basically, solid waste
management is also applied inside the school according to the 55-56
republic Act of 9003 or the Ecological Solid Waste Management Act
stipulates that the Philippine National Government in coordination with the
Department of Education (DepEd) and other educational institutions
should conduct a continuing education and information campaign on Solid
Waste Management (SWM) practices and strengthen the integration of
environment concerns in school curricular at all extents with particular
emphasis on the theories and practices of waste management principles
segregation at source, reducing, recycling, reuse and composing in order
to promote environmental action among the citizens (Comighood, S.,
2020).
Statement of the problem:
This study aims to determine the level of awareness of SHS
students on Solid Waste Management in DPLMHS-SA-SHS.
Specifically, this study aims to answer the following questions:
1. What are the demographic profile of the respondents?
1.1 Gender
1.2 Age
1.3 Grade level
2. What is the level of awareness of the respondents on solid waste
management practice in terms of the following?
a. Segregation
b. Reduce
c. Reuse
d. Recycle
3. Is there a significant difference in the level of respondents awareness
on solid waste management practices when grouped according to their
demographic profile,
Who/What is involved in the research?
The respondents of this quantitative descriptive research are the
senior high school students of DPLMHS-SA-SHS.
Where will the study happen?
The study will take place at Don Pablo Lorenzo Memorial High
School, Gov. Ramos Ave., Sta. Maria, Zamboanga City.
What makes a research problem relevant?
This study will serves as to know what is the level of awareness of
the students about the solid waste management practices inside the
school campus and to determine how important it is to apply SWM
inside the school campus to maintain the cleanliness sustainability of
the environment by practicing the proper segregation of waste and
applying the 3Rs reduce, reuse, and recycle.
Sample Questionnaire
Strongly Disagree Neither Agree Agree Strongly Agree
Disagree (2) nor Disagree (4) (5)
(1) (3)
A. SWM Practice (Segregation)
Segregation of
biodegradable
(paper, banana
peels,
cardboard,
leaves, and
vegetables) and
non-
biodegradable
(plastic toys,
glass, steel)
wastes at
school.
Separation of
recyclable
wastes (paper,
cardboard,
plastic bottles)
from non-
recyclable or
residuals which
have no
potential for
reuse and
recycling
(sando bags,
diapers, ball
pens, etc.)
Separation of
non-harmful
wastes from
toxic and
hazardous
wastes such as
pentel pens,
ink, cell
batteries and
others.
B. SWM Practice
(Reduce)
Borrowing,
sharing, and/or
renting things
that are needed
occasionally.
Buying only
what is needed
so that one will
not end up
throwing away
extra food.
Bring water in
reusable water
bottles than
buying water in
one used plastic
bottles at the
school.
C. SWM Practice (Reuse)
Reusing old
materials than
buying a new
one.
Keeping those
unfilled papers
using it as
scratch.
Reusing
washable food
containers.
D. SWM Practice (Recycle)
Redesigning
waste materials
into a new
product.
Making decors
out of plastic
wrappers and
other colorful
waste materials.
Promoting the
importance of
recycling.