STRING HANDLING
What is a String?
String is a series of characters . Strings are constant and
their values cannot be changed after they are created but
string objects can be shared.
In java, String is a class and not a primitive data type.
String Declaration:-
String StringName;
StringName= new String(“Hello”);
Methods Used in String Operations:
1)length():- A string is a series of characters and its
length is the number of characters it contains. To
obtain the length of a string, length() method is
used.
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args)
{
String txt = “COMPUTER APPLICATIONS";
[Link]([Link]());
}}
Length of the string is 21
[Link] of String and + Operator
The + operator is used to concatenate two strings in Java.
String s= “ter”;
[Link](“Compu” +s + “Applications”);
The String is ComputerApplications.
Extracting characters from String
charAt():- The charAt() method returns the character at a
specified index. An index range from 0 to total length minus 1.
char charAt(int position)
for ex:- char a;
a= “ritiprateek”.charAt(3)
In the above example, the value “t” will be assigned to “a”.
3. getchars()
The getchars() method returns more than one character at a time.
getchars(int stringstart, int stringend, char target[],int targetStart)
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
char[] myArray = {'0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9'};
[Link](myArray);
String myStr = "Hello World";
[Link](7, 12, myArray, 4);//(beginning,end,char target[],start)
[Link](myArray);
}
}
The Output is 0123456789
New output is 0123World9
[Link]()
The getbytes() method stores characters in a array of
bytes. The getbytes method converts the string into
bytes according to the specified character encoding and
storing the result into a new array.
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String myStr = "Goal";
byte[] result = [Link]();
[Link](result[2]);
}}
Output is:- 97
[Link]()
Converts a string array to char.
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String myStr = "Hello";
char[] myArray = [Link]();
[Link](myArray[3]); }} //Output is L
String Modification
[Link] substring(int startindex,int endindex)
The substring() method returns a new string which is a substring of the
string
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String myStr = “Government";
[Link]([Link](3, 6));
}} Output is :- ern
[Link]():-
The concat () method concatenates the specified string to the end of
the given string.
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String firstName = "John ";
String lastName = "Doe";
[Link]([Link](lastName));
}}
3. trim():- The trim() method trims white spaces from both the ends
of a string.
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String myStr = " Hello World! ";
[Link](myStr);
[Link]([Link]());
}}
[Link]() and Uppercase():-
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String txt = "Hello World";
[Link]([Link]());
[Link]([Link]());
}}
[Link]():- It replaces all occurences of one character in the
specified string with another character.
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String myStr = "Hello";
[Link]([Link]('l', 'p'));
}}
Output:- Heppo
[Link]():-This method inserts one string into another.
class StringInsert {
public void main()
{
StringBuffer str= new StringBuffer(“I am solving problems”);
[Link](5,”learning Java and “);
[Link](str);
}}
7. reverse():- This method is used to reverse a string.
class Ever {
public void main() {
StringBuffer str= new StringBuffer(“PRATIEK MALHOTRA”);
[Link](“Original String=“+str);
[Link]();
[Link](“Reversed String=“ +str);
}}
Original String=PRATIEK MALHOTRA
Reversed String=ARTOHLAM KEITARP
[Link]():- Comparing two strings,equals() method of String class is used.
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String myStr1 = "Akshay";
String myStr2 = "Hello";
String myStr3 = "Akshay";
[Link]([Link](myStr2));
[Link]([Link](myStr3));
}}
Output is:- false
true
import [Link];
class SortDaysOfWeek {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String[] daysOfTheWeek = {"Sunday", "Monday", "Tuesday", "Wednesday",
"Thursday", "Friday", "Saturday“ };
[Link]("Original order:");
for (String day : daysOfTheWeek) {
[Link](day + " "); }
[Link]();
// Sort the array in dictionary order
[Link](daysOfTheWeek);
[Link]("Sorted order (dictionary):");
for (String day : daysOfTheWeek) {
[Link](day + " ");}
[Link]();
}}
String valueOf()
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
char[] myArray = {'a', 'b', 'c'};
[Link]([Link](myArray));
[Link]([Link]('A'));
[Link]([Link](true));
[Link]([Link](4.5f));
[Link]([Link](5.2));
[Link]([Link](12));
[Link]([Link](1400L));
}}
Output is :- abc, A, true, 4.5, 5.2 ,12, 1400