Fundamentals of Database System
1. Which of the following fundamental principles of a database design system is concerned with
maintaining reliable data throughout the database?
A. Data Integrity
B. Data Consistency
C. Data Redundancy Minimization
D. Data Independence
2. Which of the following database design principles emphasizes that only permitted users
should be able to access or change the data?
A. Scalability
B. Access control
C. Performance optimization
D. Normalization
3. Which one of the following database model organizes data using a graph structure, where
records are represented as nodes and the relationships between them as edges?
A. Relational databse model
B. Object-Oriented Database Model
C. Network Database Model
D. Hierarchical Database Model
4. Which one of the following database can be classified as object oriented database model?
A. MySQL
B. ObjectDB
C. DynamoDB
D. MongoDB
5. Which one of the following statement correctly describes the basic difference between
database system and file system?
A. File system has no built-in mechanisms to enforce data integrity while database
system enforces integrity constraints.
B. File system Minimizes data redundancy through normalization while database system
has higher risk of data duplication
C. File system supports complex queries using languages like SQL while database
system access is sequential or direct via file handling operations and is often more
limited.
D. File Supports multiple users accessing data concurrently while database system has no
concurrency support
6. Which of the following is an example of a file system?
A. Oracle
B. PostgreSQL
C. NTFS
D. Oracle
7. Which of the following principles of database schema development involves adding rules to
maintain data integrity?
A. Normalizing data
B. Defining attributes
C. Identifying entities
D. Defining Constraints
8. Which of the following principles of database schema development involves recording entity
definitions, attributes, data types, keys, and constraints?
A. Testing the schema
B. Documenting the schema
C. Drawing ER diagram
D. Analyzing requirement
Advanced Database Systems
9. Which of the following components is responsible for checking whether all attribute and
relation names in a query are valid according to the database schema?
A. Scanner
B. Parser
C. Validator
D. Optimizer
10. Which of the following is NOT a major reason for SQL query optimization?
A. Enhancing performance by reducing response time
B. Increasing execution time for complex queries
C. Reducing CPU time to get faster results
D. Improving server efficiency by lowering power and memory usage
11. Which of the following transaction states indicates that all operations have executed
successfully and the changes are permanently saved in the database?
A. Active
B. Partially Committed
C. Committed
D. Aborted
12. Which of the following TCL (Transaction Control Language) commands is used to undo
changes made in the database?
A. Commit
B. Save point
C. Roll back
D. Grant
13. Which of the following security levels is responsible for preventing eavesdropping and
masquerading by using encryption?
A. Database system level
B. Operating system level
C. Network level
D. Physical level
14. Which statement best reflects the "Integrity" requirement in database security?
A. Ensuring data is only accessible to the public
B. Allowing all users to modify data freely
C. Ensuring data is accurate and protected.
D. Hiding data from internal users
15. What is the primary purpose of a transaction log in a database system?
A. To store backup copies of the database
B. To keep a record of user activities
C. To enforce access control policies
D. To record all transactions and changes
16. Which of the following best describes a Homogeneous Distributed Database
System?
A. All sites use the same database software and data model
B. Uses different database software and data models across sites
C. Requires complex data translation and integration tools
D. Integrates NoSQL and SQL databases within a single system
Internet Programming I
17. Which protocol is used to transfer web pages on the internet?
A. FTP
B. SMTP
C. DNS
D. HTTP
18. Which technology is commonly used to build static web pages?
A. PHP and MySQL
B. HTML and CSS
C. [Link] and MongoDB
D. Python and Django
19. Which protocol provides secure, encrypted communication over the web?
A. HTTP
B. FTP
C. SSL
D. TCP/IP
20. TCP/IP protocols are responsible for
A. Transmitting data across the internet
B. Structuring the content of web pages
C. Encrypting data for secure transfer
D. Rendering web content in browsers
21. Which language is used to structure the content of web pages?
A. CSS
B. JavaScript
C. SQL
D. HTML
22. Which of the following is a frontend JavaScript library?
A. Django
B. [Link]
C. Flask
D. Laravel
23. You are designing a responsive navigation bar that adjusts layout on smaller screens. Which
of the following combination is going to be used?
A. HTML with SQL and CSS
B. JavaScript with PHP and HTML
C. HTML with CSS and JavaScript
D. CSS with Python and HTML
24. A user interacts with a webpage element to reveal additional content instantly without
refreshing. Which method is appropriate for this?
A. Applying JavaScript to update the DOM
B. Using only CSS for style adjustments
C. Reloading the page with form submission
D. Retrieving visibility via SQL commands
25. Which of the following describes the purpose of server-side scripting in web development?
A. Handle logic and create pages dynamically
B. Style user interfaces on the client browser
C. Animate objects with interactive effects
D. Store static data in local web storage
26. What happens when a server-side script is executed in a web application?
A. The page layout is adjusted using CSS rules
B. The script runs in the user's web browser
C. The data is saved directly in browser memory
D. The server processes input and returns content
27. Which of the following setups is most appropriate for capturing user input through a web
form and saving it to a database?
A. Using HTML form with JavaScript output only
B. Using HTML form and PHP to handle submission
C. Using CSS to style the data input fields
D. Using images and audio to capture responses
28. What will be displayed in the browser after running this PHP code?
<?php
$name = "Ali";
echo "Welcome, $name!";
echo ' Welcome, $name!';
?>
A. Welcome, Ali! Welcome, $name!
B. Welcome, Ali! Welcome, Ali!
C. Welcome, $name! Welcome, Ali!
D. Welcome, $name! Welcome, $name!
29. What will be the output of the following PHP code?
<?php
$a = 10;
$b = 5;
echo "$a + $b = " . ($a + $b);
?>
A. $a + $b = 15
B. 10 + 5 = $a + $b
C. $a + $b = 10 + 5
D. 10 + 5 = 15
30. What will be the output of the following PHP code?
<?php
$a = "5";
$b = 5;
echo ($a === $b) ? "Equal" : "Not Equal";
?>
A. Equal
B. Not Equal
C. Error
D. 10