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Database Design Using ER Model Notes

Chapter 7 of 'Database System Concepts' covers relational database design, detailing the design process, the Entity-Relationship model, and various types of attributes and relationships. It outlines the phases of database design, including initial, logical, and physical design, as well as issues related to entity and attribute identification. The chapter also discusses extended E-R features, alternative notations for modeling data, and other considerations in database design.

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7 views6 pages

Database Design Using ER Model Notes

Chapter 7 of 'Database System Concepts' covers relational database design, detailing the design process, the Entity-Relationship model, and various types of attributes and relationships. It outlines the phases of database design, including initial, logical, and physical design, as well as issues related to entity and attribute identification. The chapter also discusses extended E-R features, alternative notations for modeling data, and other considerations in database design.

Uploaded by

chandrimamajumdar966
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© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Chapter 7: Relational Database Design

Database System Concepts, 7th Edition

Silberschatz, Korth and Sudarshan

Chapter 6: Database Design Using the E-R Model

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Outline

- Overview of the Design Process

- The Entity-Relationship Model

- Complex Attributes

- Mapping Cardinalities

- Primary Key

- Removing Redundant Attributes in Entity Sets

- Reducing ER Diagrams to Relational Schemas

- Extended E-R Features

- Entity-Relationship Design Issues

- Alternative Notations for Modeling Data

- Other Aspects of Database Design

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Design Phases
Initial Phase:

Characterize fully the data needs of the prospective database users.

Second Phase:

- Choose a data model

- Apply concepts of the chosen data model

- Translate requirements into a conceptual schema

- Describe the kinds of operations (transactions) performed on the data

Final Phase:

Logical Design:

- Decide on database schema

- Find a good collection of relation schemas

- Decide what attributes to record

- Decide how attributes are distributed among schemas

Physical Design:

- Decide on physical layout of the database

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Entity-Relationship Model

Entity:

A distinguishable object in the enterprise described by attributes.


Relationship:

An association among several entities.

Primary Key:

A set of attributes that uniquely identifies each entity in an entity set.

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Types of Attributes

- Simple and Composite

- Single-valued and Multivalued

- Derived attributes

- Domain (set of permitted values)

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Mapping Cardinalities

- One-to-One

- One-to-Many

- Many-to-One

- Many-to-Many

Participation Constraints:

- Total Participation

- Partial Participation
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Weak Entity Sets

- Existence dependent on a strong entity

- Identified using identifying entity + discriminator

- Represented with double rectangle in ER diagram

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Reduction to Relation Schemas

- Each entity set → relation schema

- Each relationship set → relation schema

- Composite attributes are flattened

- Multivalued attributes represented separately

Example:

student(ID, name, tot_cred)

advisor(s_id, i_id)

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Extended E-R Features

- Specialization (Top-down)

- Generalization (Bottom-up)

- Completeness Constraints
- Aggregation

------------------------------------------------------------

Design Issues

- Entity vs Attribute

- Entity vs Relationship

- Binary vs Non-binary Relationships

- Strong vs Weak Entity Sets

------------------------------------------------------------

Alternative Notations

- Chen Notation

- Crow’s Foot Notation

- UML Class Diagrams

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Other Aspects of Database Design

- Functional Requirements

- Data Flow

- Workflow

- Schema Evolution

End of Chapter 6

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