Welcometo

DataScienceAnalytics
 Data
Vs
Information
Vs
Knowledge
 Data
What is the Information; and
Difference Between: Knowledge

• Fundamental building blocks • Data that is interpreted • Information from various

in making decisions. within a given context and contexts that is aggregated
structured discrete entities given meaningful structure following a defined set of
(facts) that exists outside of within that context. rules, and provides the basis
particular context. for informed actions.
The difference
between Computer
Data Science and Science
DATA SCIENCE

Data Analytics
Data Science - Study of Data to Extract
meaningful insights for businesses and
other domains
Domain /
Multidisciplinary approach that combines Traditional Mathematics
Business
principles and practices from different Research
and Statistics
fields
Knowledge
Data Analytics – Examining unprocessed
databases to draw meaningful and
actionable inferences about the content
they contain
 Four Major types of Data Analytics

01 Descriptive Analytics
02 Diagnostic Analytics

Descriptive analytics is the examination of data or content to Diagnostic analytics focuses on identifying the reasons why
answer the question “what happened?” It involves the certain events occurred it involves the analysis of data to
exploration of data to understand the composition, determine the root causes of outcomes or events. Diagnostic
distribution, and summary statistics of a data set analytics aims to uncover patterns, correlations, and
relationships within data that explain past performance or
events.
This tells us what happened in the past. It allows us to look at a
Diagnostic analytics helps us understand why things happened
summary of what has already occurred, using charts or graphs
in the past it allows us to investigate the causes behind certain
to understand trends.
events or outcomes.
3Deck.

Four Major types of Data Analytics

03 Predictive Analytics
04 Prescriptive Analytics

Predictive analytics is the use of data, statistical algorithms, Prescriptive analytics is the process of recommending actions
and machine learning techniques to identify the likelihood of to optimize future outcomes based on predictive models and
future outcomes based on historical data. business rules.

Predictive analytics predicts what might happen in the future Prescriptive analytics suggests actions you can take to achieve
based on past data. It's like using patterns from the past to a desired outcome in the future. It allows us travel rate what
make educated guesses about what might come next. steps to take to get the best results based on predictions and
goals.

7 | 3D Presentation
 Why do we do Data Analysis?

Informed decision making Problem solving Optimizing operations

Why do we do Data Analysis?

Competitive advantage Risk management

 Types of
Vast amounts of Data are
generated globally

Data.
Data can be classified into different types

2.5 Quintillion
Bytes of data are created each day
based on various characteristics such as its
nature, structure, and intended use. Here are
some common types of data:
 Types of
Data

Quantitative Qualitative
VS
Quantitative Data
or Numerical Data

Quantitative data consists of numerical

measurements or quantities that can be
subjected to mathematical analysis.

Ex.
• Height of employees in inches (e.g. 68 inches)
• Weight of corn harvested in kilograms (e.g. 45kg)
• Number of computers in a company (e.g. 24)
3Deck.

Types of
Data

Quantitative Qualitative

Discrete Continuous Ordinal Nominal

13 | 3D Presentation
Discrete
can only take specific, distinct values and
cannot be measured with infinite
precision. Examples include the number of
children in a family, the number of items
sold, and the results of a dice roll.

Examples:
• Number of students in your class
• Number of employees in a company
• Number of tickets sold in a day
Continuous
Continuous data can take any value within
a given range and can be measured with
infinite precision. Examples include height,
temperature, and time.

Examples:
• Height of a chair ( 177.55cm)
• Length of a customer service calls (9.33 mins)
• Freezer temperature ( 28.6 °C, 37.5 °C
3Deck.

Types of
Data

Quantitative Qualitative

Discrete Continuous Ordinal Nominal

16 | 3D Presentation
Qualitative Data
or Descriptive Data

Qualitative data, on the other hand,

consists of non-numerical descriptions or
characteristics. It is typically descriptive
and subjective in nature, providing insights
into attitudes, opinions, and behaviors.

Examples:
• Color description: (Light blue or dark green)
• Texture observations : (rough, smooth, or soft)
• Customer feedback: (Easy to use, too complicated)
Nominal
Nominal data consists of categories with
no inherent order or ranking. Examples
include gender, ethnicity, and product
categories.

Examples:
• Blood type – A, B, AB, O
• Types of fruit – Mango, Avocado, Banana
• Marital Status – Single, Married, Widowed
Ordinal
Ordinal data also consists of categories,
but these categories have a meaningful
order or ranking. Examples include
educational attainment (e.g., high school,
bachelor's degree, master's degree) and
survey ratings (e.g., "poor," "fair," "good,"
"excellent").
3Deck.
Customer Item Size Quantity Cost
name category
Robert Shirt Large 30 9,500.40
Danny Pant Medium 21 6,350.30
David Shirt Small 14 3,250.50
Manuel Pant Medium 24 7,400.50
Garry Pant Large 77 21,350.60

Nominal Ordinal Discrete Continuous

QUALITATIVE QUANTITATIVE
20 | 3D Presentation