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Density Notes

Density is defined as mass per unit volume, measured in kg/m3 or g/cm3, and is calculated using the formula ρ = m/v. The document explains how to determine the mass and volume of both regular and irregular solids, as well as liquids, using various methods including the displacement method. It also discusses the relationship between density and buoyancy, noting that objects denser than water sink while those less dense float.

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11 views4 pages

Density Notes

Density is defined as mass per unit volume, measured in kg/m3 or g/cm3, and is calculated using the formula ρ = m/v. The document explains how to determine the mass and volume of both regular and irregular solids, as well as liquids, using various methods including the displacement method. It also discusses the relationship between density and buoyancy, noting that objects denser than water sink while those less dense float.

Uploaded by

anaya.azeem.mirza
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

AL NOOR INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL

GRADE 8
Chapter 11.1 & 11.2 DENSITY: (Notes)

Density:
It is defined as the mass per unit volume of a substance.
The unit of density is kg/m3 or g/cm3.
It is denoted by Greek symbol ρ (rho) and is calculated from the formula:

The mass of an object is the amount of matter present in it.


Basic unit of mass is kilogram. The mass can be determined by using a weighing
balance.

Volume

Volume of an object is the measurement of the amount of space an object takes up. Measured
in milliliters (ml) OR cm3 OR m3

Volume of a rectangular block= length x breadth x height

Density of a regularly shaped solid:


Volume of a regularly shaped object can be calculated by using the mathematical formula.

[ length × breadth × height]


use a measuring ruler to measure the side of a regular object.

Density of an irregularly shaped solid

The mass of the solid is determined by using balance.


To find out the volume of an irregular object, put the object into a measuring cylinder with water
and the rise of water is the volume of the object. This method is called displacement method.
Initial volume v1=75cm3
Final volume v2=125cm3
Volume of the rock, V2-v1=125-75 = 50 cm3
If the mass of rock is 300 g (using balance)
Density of rock =m/v =300/50=6 g/cm3

Density of a liquid:

Place measuring cylinder on a balance and take the reading


Fill measuring cylinder with the liquid and take the reading. The change in mass is mass of
liquid. The volume is shown on the measuring cylinder, then use formula,

Density = mass / volume.

Precautions

Select the smallest measuring cylinder that can contain all the water. Measuring
cylinder should be vertical.
Liquid surface should be at eye level.
Take reading from bottom meniscus. (for water)
Mass of liquid=250 - 200 = 50 g
Volume of liquid = 25cm3
Density=m/v = 50/25 = 2g/cm3

Floating and sinking of objects:

Objects with tightly packed molecules are denser than those where the molecules are spread
out. Density plays a part in why some things float and some sink. Objects that are denser than
water sink and those less dense floats. That's because your body displaces (moves) the water.
The density of water is 1g/cm3

Density of gases:
.

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