Ave Maria College

COLLEGE OF EDUCATION
HEI Unique Institutional Identifier: 09077
MIDTERM EXAMINTATION IN
Ped- Peace Education
2nd SEM. S.Y. 2025 – 2026

Name: _____________________________________________ Score: __________________

Program & Year: __________________________ HPS: 120 pts. Date: ___________________

General Instructions: Erasures or alterations in any form will make your answer invalid. Good luck!

TEST I – MULTIPLE-CHOICE (60 pts.)

Instruction: Carefully read and understand each question. Write only the letter of the correct answer on the
space before each number.

____1. What is the definition of peace? ____9. How can individuals contribute to peace in their
a. Chaos and conflict c. Aggression communities?
and hostility a. By promoting hatred and division
b. Harmony and tranquility d. Competition b. By fostering dialogue and cooperation
and rivalry c. By isolating themselves from others
____2. Which historical figure is known for their d. By encouraging discrimination
advocacy for peace and nonviolent resistance? ____10. What is the importance of human rights in the
a. Genghis Khan c. Nelson Mandela context of peace?
b. Winston Churchill d. Julius Caesar a. To undermine the significance of human
____3. What is the primary goal of diplomatic efforts in rights
international relations? b. To promote injustice and inequality
a. Instigating wars c. c. To ensure the dignity and equality of all
Expanding military presence individuals
b. Resolving conflicts peacefully d. d. To disregard human rights altogether
Promoting colonization ____11. What is the primary goal of peace education?
____4. Which organization plays a crucial role in a. To promote conflict and aggression
maintaining international peace and security? b. To cultivate understanding, tolerance, and
a. United Nations (UN) empathy
b. North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) c. To encourage discrimination and prejudice
c. International Monetary Fund (IMF) d. To establish a hierarchy of power
d. World Health Organization (WHO) ____12. Which of the following is a key component of
____5. What is the significance of disarmament in peace education?
achieving global peace? a. Encouraging violence as a means of conflict
a. Escalating arms race resolution
b. Reducing the likelihood of conflict b. Fostering critical thinking and dialogue
c. Encouraging militarization c. Promoting cultural superiority
d. Ignoring global security concerns d. Suppressing freedom of speech
____6. How does economic development contribute to ____13. Why is teaching conflict resolution skills
peace? important in peace education?
a. By promoting poverty and inequality a. To escalate conflicts
b. By fostering prosperity and stability b. To create divisiveness
c. By encouraging corruption c. To empower individuals to manage conflicts
d. By creating economic dependency peacefully
____7. Which principle emphasizes the resolution of d. To ignore conflicts
conflicts through dialogue and negotiation?
a. Militarism ____14. What is the role of empathy in peace education?
b. Pacifism a. To reinforce prejudices
c. Diplomacy b. To discourage understanding
d. Authoritarianism c. To promote compassion and understanding
____8. What is the role of education in promoting a d. To isolate individuals
culture of peace? ____15. Which approach does peace education often
a. Fostering ignorance and intolerance take to address global issues?
b. Encouraging critical thinking and a. Isolationism
understanding b. Multicultural understanding
c. Limiting access to education c. Exclusivity
d. Promoting propaganda and misinformation d. Ethnocentrism

Mr. Lendio, RJ. PEd – Peace Education – Midterm Exam – January 2026
____16. How can peace education contribute to a c. Cultural violence
sustainable future? d. Political violence
a. By encouraging destructive behavior ____27. How can communities work towards preventing
b. By fostering environmental degradation violence?
c. By promoting responsible and sustainable a. Ignoring social issues
practices b. Fostering inclusivity and addressing root
d. By advocating for resource depletion causes
____17. What is the significance of teaching human c. Encouraging aggression and competition
rights in peace education? d. Promoting strict law enforcement
a. To undermine the importance of human rights ____28. What is the role of education in reducing
b. To promote discrimination violence?
c. To empower individuals to defend human a. Encouraging ignorance and intolerance
rights b. Fostering critical thinking and empathy
d. To disregard human rights altogether c. Promoting aggression and rivalry
____18. Which of the following is a potential benefit of d. Limiting access to education
integrating peace education into school curricula? ____29. What is the impact of gun control policies on
a. Increased aggression among students reducing violence?
b. Improved communication skills and conflict a. Escalating violence
resolution abilities b. Promoting safety and reducing access to lethal
c. Decreased empathy weapons
d. Narrow-mindedness c. Encouraging responsible gun ownership
____19. In peace education, what is the importance of d. Ignoring the issue of violence
teaching about diversity and inclusion? ____30. How can individuals contribute to reducing
a. To encourage discrimination violence in their communities?
b. To foster division among individuals a. By promoting hatred and division
c. To promote unity and respect for differences b. By fostering dialogue, understanding, and
d. To ignore diversity altogether empathy
____20. How does peace education contribute to social c. By isolating themselves from others
justice? d. By encouraging discrimination
a. By promoting inequality ____31. What is conflict resolution?
b. By encouraging discrimination a. Ignoring conflicts
c. By fostering a sense of fairness and equality b. Escalating conflicts
d. By reinforcing social injustice c. Finding peaceful solutions to disagreements
____21. What is the definition of violence? d. Encouraging aggression
a. Peaceful resolution of conflicts ____32. Which of the following is a constructive way to
b. The use of force to cause harm or injury approach conflict resolution?
c. Diplomatic negotiations a. Avoiding communication
d. Emotional expression b. Listening actively and empathetically
____22. Which form of violence involves the intentional c. Blaming others
use of force against oneself? d. Reacting impulsively
a. Domestic violence ____33. Scenario: Two colleagues have differing
b. Self-harm or suicide opinions on a project. How can they effectively resolve
c. Bullying their conflict?
d. State-sponsored violence a. Ignoring each other's perspectives
____23. What is the primary goal of conflict resolution b. Engaging in open communication and
in addressing violence? compromise
a. Escalating conflicts c. Blaming one another
b. Encouraging revenge d. Reporting the issue to higher authorities
c. Achieving a peaceful resolution ____34. What is the role of active listening in conflict
d. Promoting violence as a solution resolution?
____24. Which factor is often considered a root cause of a. Ignoring the other person's perspective
violence in societies? b. Fostering understanding and empathy
a. Economic equality c. Interrupting and dominating the conversation
b. Social justice d. Reacting impulsively to statements
c. Political stability ____35. Scenario: A group of friends is planning an
d. Inequality and injustice event, but they can't agree on the theme. How can they
____25. What role does media play in influencing resolve this conflict?
violence? a. Ignoring the event planning
a. Mitigating violence through awareness b. Engaging in open communication and
b. Fostering understanding and empathy brainstorming
c. Potentially glorifying or normalizing violence c. Forcing one person's choice without
d. Encouraging open dialogue discussion
____26. Which type of violence is characterized by d. Disbanding the group
systematic discrimination based on race, gender, or other ____36. Which conflict resolution strategy involves
factors? finding a solution that partially satisfies all parties
a. Random violence involved?
b. Structural violence a. Avoidance

Mr. Lendio, RJ. PEd – Peace Education – Midterm Exam – January 2026
 b. Compromise d. Encouraging more divisive actions
c. Collaboration ____45. Scenario: A protest in a community turns
d. Dominance violent, leading to clashes between the protesters and
____37. Scenario: Two neighbors are arguing over a law enforcement. What could be a constructive measure
property boundary. How can they approach conflict to restore peace?
resolution? a. Escalating the use of force to control the
a. Engaging in open communication and seeking situation
a compromise b. Ignoring the protest and letting it resolve on
b. Ignoring each other and escalating the conflict its own
c. Filing a lawsuit against each other c. Engaging in open dialogue, addressing
d. Involving the entire neighborhood in the concerns, and finding peaceful resolutions
dispute d. Encouraging more protests to express
____38. What is the significance of finding win-win discontent
solutions in conflict resolution?
a. Encouraging a competitive mindset ____46. You notice cyberbullying occurring among
b. Promoting mutual satisfaction and students in an online platform. How can you contribute
cooperation to a more peaceful online environment?
c. Ignoring the needs of one party a. Ignoring the cyberbullying incidents
d. Favoring one party over another b. Encouraging online competition
____39. Scenario: A team at work is experiencing c. Reporting the incidents, promoting digital
conflicts due to misunderstandings. How can the team ethics, and fostering positive online interactions
improve their conflict resolution skills? d. Participating in cyberbullying to fit in with
a. Avoiding communication others
b. Holding grudges against team members ____47. Scenario: A family is experiencing conflicts due
c. Participating in team-building activities and to differences in opinions and values. What is a positive
communication workshops step towards creating peace within the family?
d. Blaming each other for the conflicts a. Avoiding family discussions altogether
____40. Which of the following is a key element of b. Encouraging open communication, active
successful conflict resolution? listening, and understanding
a. Ignoring the root causes of conflicts c. Ignoring family conflicts
b. Fostering open communication and d. Promoting favoritism among family members
understanding ____48. Witnessing environmental degradation causing
c. Reacting impulsively to conflicts conflicts in a community, how can you contribute to
d. Promoting aggression and competition promoting environmental peace?
____41. Scenario: In a school, two students are a. Ignoring environmental concerns
constantly arguing, creating a tense atmosphere. What is b. Encouraging unsustainable practices
an effective solution to promote peace in this situation? c. Supporting eco-friendly initiatives, educating
a. Punishing the students involved the community, and promoting sustainable
b. Ignoring the issue living
c. Encouraging open communication and d. Advocating for more environmental
conflict resolution degradation
d. Promoting competition among students ____49. Scenario: Political differences in a community
____42. You witness a verbal altercation between two lead to heated debates and divisions. What can be a
coworkers in the workplace. How can you contribute to constructive approach to promoting peace in such a
restoring peace? scenario?
a. Joining the argument to express your opinion a. Ignoring political discussions
b. Reporting the incident to escalate the issue b. Encouraging open-minded political debates,
c. Ignoring the altercation emphasizing common ground, and finding
d. Encouraging a calm and private discussion to compromises
understand and resolve the conflict c. Escalating political tensions
____43. Scenario: A community is facing tensions due d. Promoting more political divisions
to cultural differences among its members. What is a ____50. You notice hate speech being spread on social
constructive approach to fostering peace in the media platforms. How can you contribute to creating a
community? more peaceful online environment?
a. Isolating individuals from different cultures a. Participating in spreading hate speech
b. Ignoring the cultural differences b. Reporting and condemning hate speech,
c. Promoting cultural understanding, dialogue, promoting online empathy, and fostering
and collaboration positive online discussions c. Ignoring online
d. Encouraging stereotypes about other cultures behavior
____44. You observe instances of discrimination and d. Encouraging more divisive conversations
bias in your school or workplace. How can you actively online
work towards a more inclusive and peaceful ____51. What is structural violence?
environment? a. Physical harm caused by direct, interpersonal
a. Participating in discriminatory behavior conflicts
b. Remaining silent and indifferent b. Systemic harm resulting from social,
c. Challenging discrimination, promoting economic, or political structures
inclusivity, and supporting diversity

Mr. Lendio, RJ. PEd – Peace Education – Midterm Exam – January 2026
 c. Emotional distress experienced within a. By avoiding self-reflection
families b. By focusing solely on external factors
d. Violence occurring within individual thought c. By cultivating awareness of the present
processes moment and managing thoughts and emotions
____52. How does structural violence differ from direct d. By encouraging constant multitasking
violence? ____57. Scenario: A person experiences discrimination
a. Structural violence is always physical, while due to their gender, leading to emotional distress. What
direct violence is psychological. type of violence is evident in this scenario?
b. Structural violence is indirect, resulting from a. Structural violence
societal structures, while direct violence is b. Cultural violence
immediate and personal. c. Direct violence
c. Structural violence only occurs in developed d. Personal violence
countries. ____58. What role can education play in promoting
d. Direct violence is always intentional, while inner peace?
structural violence is unintentional. a. Reinforcing divisive beliefs
____53. Scenario: A community faces issues such as b. Ignoring the importance of emotional well-
poverty, inequality, and lack of access to education and being
healthcare. What type of violence is most likely affecting c. Fostering empathy, emotional intelligence,
this community? and conflict resolution skills
a. Direct violence d. Promoting competition among individuals
b. Cultural violence ____59. How does cultural violence manifest in society?
c. Structural violence a. Through systematic harm caused by social
d. Personal violence structures
____54. How can individuals contribute to addressing b. By promoting peaceful coexistence
structural violence in their communities? c. By respecting cultural diversity
a. Promoting discriminatory practices d. Through the suppression of cultural
b. Ignoring societal issues expression
c. Advocating for policy changes, supporting ____60. What are some practices that individuals can
social programs, and fostering equality adopt to cultivate inner peace in their daily lives?
d. Participating in divisive actions a. Prioritizing external achievements over
____55. What is inner peace? personal well-being
a. The absence of external conflicts b. Avoiding self-care practices
b. Achieving perfection in personal relationships c. Engaging in mindfulness, meditation, and
c. A state of mental and emotional tranquility, self-reflection
irrespective of external circumstances d. Ignoring the impact of thoughts and emotions
d. Suppressing individual thoughts and emotions on mental health
____56. How can practicing mindfulness contribute to
inner peace?

TEST II – Enumerate and Discuss (30 pts.)

Instruction: List and provide descriptions of the six Theoretical Framework of Peace.

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Mr. Lendio, RJ. PEd – Peace Education – Midterm Exam – January 2026
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TEST III – ESSAY (30 pts.)

Instruction: Answer the following questions based on your objective insights and understanding. Write your
answer on the blanks provided after each item.

Essay Question 1: Structural Violence

Examine the concept of structural violence, highlighting its distinguishing features from direct violence.
Provide real-world examples of structural violence and discuss how societal structures can perpetuate harm on
marginalized communities. Explore potential strategies for addressing and mitigating structural violence in
order to foster a more just and equitable society. Consider the role of individuals, institutions, and policy
changes in creating a framework for dismantling structural violence.
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Mr. Lendio, RJ. PEd – Peace Education – Midterm Exam – January 2026
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Mr. Lendio, RJ. PEd – Peace Education – Midterm Exam – January 2026