Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region VIII Eastern Visayas
SAINT MICHAEL COLLEGE OF HINDANG, LEYTE INC.
[Link] St., Poblacion II, Hindang, Leyte 6523 Philippines
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT
PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1 LEARNING MODULE

3 SATURDAYS: JANUARY 10-24, 2026

MODULE #1 - 3
GENERAL INSTRUCTION: In your notebook, copy every
text and answer the following activities provided.
LEARNING OBJECTIVES

Topic: APA 7th Edition Referencing and In-Text Citation

At the end of the lesson, the learners should be able to:

Knowledge (Cognitive)

1. Explain the purpose and importance of using APA 7th Edition referencing in academic
writing.

2. Differentiate among various source types (book, journal article, website, and video)
according to APA 7th Edition standards.

3. Identify correct and incorrect APA in-text citations and reference entries.

Skills (Psychomotor)

4. Apply proper APA 7th Edition in-text citation formats (parenthetical and narrative) in
sentences and paragraphs.

5. Construct accurate APA 7th Edition reference list entries for books, journal articles,
websites, and videos.
 6. Integrate multiple in-text citations correctly within a single paragraph.

Attitudes / Values (Affective)

7. Demonstrate academic honesty by correctly acknowledging sources using APA 7th

8. Appreciate the role of proper referencing in avoiding plagiarism and strengthening

Performance-Based Objective (Optional)

9. Produce a short academic paragraph that includes at least two correctly formatted APA
7th Edition in-text citations and a complete reference list.

A. What is APA Referencing?

APA (American Psychological Association) referencing is a standardized system used to

Purpose of APA Referencing:

 Gives credit to original authors

 Avoids plagiarism

 Strengthens academic credibility

 Allows readers to locate sources

II. IN-TEXT CITATION (APA 7th EDITION)

In-text citations appear within the body of the paragraph.

A. Basic Format

 Parenthetical: (Author, Year)

 Narrative: Author (Year)

Example:

 Parenthetical:

Writing is a complex cognitive process (Flower, 1994).

 Narrative:

Flower (1994) explains that writing involves planning and revision.

Authors Format Example

1 author (Author, Year) (Smith, 2020)

2 authors (Author & Author, Year) (Garcia & Lee, 2021)

3 or more (Author et al., Year) (Brown et al., 2019)

C. Direct Quotation

Use quotation marks and include page number.

Format:
(Author, Year, p. #)

Example:

“Writing improves critical thinking skills” (Hyland, 2018, p. 45).

D. In-Text Citation in a Paragraph (Multiple Citations)

When citing several sources in one paragraph:

Example Paragraph:

Writing instruction plays a significant role in language development (Hyland, 2018; Smith &
Jones, 2020). Research shows that frequent writing practice enhances fluency and coherence
(Brown et al., 2019).

III. REFERENCE LIST FORMATS (APA 7th)

The Reference List appears at the end of the paper and is alphabetized.

IV. BOOK REFERENCES

A. Format:

Author, A. A. (Year). Title of the book. Publisher.

B. Example:

Hyland, K. (2018). Teaching and researching writing. Routledge.

V. JOURNAL ARTICLE REFERENCES

A. Format:

Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (Year). Title of the article. Title of Journal, Volume(Issue), pages.
[Link]
B. Example:

Brown, R., Smith, J., & Lee, M. (2019). Writing strategies among secondary students. Journal of
Language Education, 15(2), 45–60. [Link]

VI. WEBSITE REFERENCES

A. Format:

Author, A. A. (Year, Month Day). Title of the webpage. Website Name. URL

B. Example:

American Psychological Association. (2023). APA style guidelines. [Link]

VII. VIDEO REFERENCES (YouTube or Online Video)

A. Format:

Author, A. A. [Username]. (Year, Month Day). Title of video [Video]. Website. URL

B. Example:

CrashCourse. (2021, March 15). How to write a research paper [Video]. YouTube.
[Link]

VIII. IN-TEXT CITATION FOR VIDEOS

Example:

 Parenthetical: (CrashCourse, 2021)

 Narrative: CrashCourse (2021) explains the writing process.

IX. COMMON APA 7 RULES TO REMEMBER

 Use hanging indent in the reference list

 Titles of books and journals are italicized

 Use sentence case for titles

 Use et al. for 3 or more authors in-text

 URLs are live and not preceded by “Retrieved from”

II. CLASSROOM ACTIVITIES (APA 7th EDITION)

ACTIVITY 1: IDENTIFY THE ERROR (IN-TEXT CITATION)

Instruction:
Encircle the incorrect part and rewrite the correct APA in-text citation.

1. (Smith and Brown, 2020)

3. According to (Hyland, 2018)

Answer Key:

1. (Smith & Brown, 2020)

2. (Garcia et al., 2019)

3. According to Hyland (2018)

ACTIVITY 2: MATCH THE SOURCE TYPE

Instruction:
Match Column A with Column B.

Column A Column B

Book Journal article

Website Video

Author, year URL

(Expected answers provided by teacher)

ACTIVITY 3: WRITE THE REFERENCE

Instruction:
Write the complete APA reference.

1. Book:

o Author: John Smith

o Year: 2021

o Title: Writing Skills

o Publisher: Pearson

2. Website:

o Organization: UNESCO

o Year: 2022

o Title: Literacy Development

Sample Answers:

1. Smith, J. (2021). Writing skills. Pearson.

ACTIVITY 4: PARAGRAPH CITATION PRACTICE

Instruction:
Write a short paragraph (3–5 sentences) about the importance of writing. Use at least two in-
text citations from different sources.

Rubric Focus:

 Correct APA in-text citation

 Coherence of ideas

 Proper grammar

ACTIVITY 5: SOURCE SORTING TASK (GROUP ACTIVITY)

Instruction:
Given mixed sources (book, journal, website, video), students will:

1. Identify the source type

2. Write the correct in-text citation

3. Write the full reference entry

Prepared by:

JULIETA O. BALDO, LPT.