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Introduction To Computer Networking Notes

Computer networking involves connecting multiple computers and devices to share data and resources. It includes various types of networks such as LAN, WAN, MAN, and PAN, as well as different topologies like bus, star, ring, and mesh. The OSI and TCP/IP models outline the layers involved in network communication, and key network devices include routers, switches, hubs, modems, NICs, and access points.

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12 views3 pages

Introduction To Computer Networking Notes

Computer networking involves connecting multiple computers and devices to share data and resources. It includes various types of networks such as LAN, WAN, MAN, and PAN, as well as different topologies like bus, star, ring, and mesh. The OSI and TCP/IP models outline the layers involved in network communication, and key network devices include routers, switches, hubs, modems, NICs, and access points.

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kwemoi lordfick
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INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER NETWORKING

1. Definition of Computer Networking:

Computer networking is the interconnection of two or more computers and devices

to share data, resources, and services.

Objectives:

- Resource sharing

- Communication

- Data management

- Centralized security

- Remote access

2. Types of Networks:

LAN – Covers small area like home, school, office.

WAN – Covers large area like countries or continents.

MAN – Covers a city or town.

PAN – Personal network around an individual.

3. Network Topologies:

Bus – Single backbone cable.

Star – All devices connected to central switch.


Ring – Devices connected in circular form.

Mesh – Devices interconnected with multiple paths.

4. OSI Model (7 Layers):

1. Physical

2. Data Link

3. Network

4. Transport

5. Session

6. Presentation

7. Application

5. TCP/IP Model (4 Layers):

1. Network Access

2. Internet

3. Transport

4. Application

6. Network Devices:

Router – Connects different networks (Layer 3).

Switch – Connects devices in LAN (Layer 2).

Hub – Broadcast device (Layer 1).


Modem – Connects to ISP.

NIC – Enables device to connect to network.

Access Point – Provides wireless connectivity.

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