A Detailed Lesson Plan in Mathematics 8
Date December 6, 2023 Preservice Teacher Sales, Jhon Cris G.
Time 7:00-8:00 am Cooperative Teacher Cyrene B. Corsino
Grade & Section Grade 8 - Beryllium Supervising Teacher Dr. Marlo D. Alvarez
Content Standard:
Demonstrates understanding of key concepts of factors of polynomials, rational algebraic
expressions, linear equations and inequalities in two variables, systems of linear equations and
inequalities in two variables and linear functions.
Performance Standard:
Is able to formulate real-life problems involving factors of polynomials, rational algebraic
expressions, linear equations and inequalities in two variables, systems of linear equations and
inequalities in two variables and linear functions, and solve these problems accurately using a variety
of strategies.
Learning Competency:
Solve a system of linear equation in two variables using determinants.
I. Objectives
At the end of the lesson, students are expected to:
1. Define determinants.
2. Solve a system of linear equations in two variables using determinants.
3. Participate in solving a system of linear equations using determinants.
II. Subject Matter
A. Topic: Solving systems of linear equations using determinants
B. Strategy: Collaborative learning
C. Multiple intelligence: Mathematical
D. Materials: Laptop, Projector, PowerPoint presentation, Visual aids & Pen.
E. Reference: Math Learner’s Module Grade 8 – 2nd Quarter
III. Learning Procedure
Teacher's Activity Student's Activity
A. Preliminary Activities
1. Greetings
Good morning class!
Good morning Sir!
Prayer
Everyone please stand up, and let us honor the
presence of our almighty god …
Classroom Management
"Before you take your seat, kindly pick up the (The students will stand up and pray)
scattered pieces of paper under your chair and
arrange your chair, then seat properly"
Checking of attendance
Say present if your name is called.
(The students will pick up the piece of paper
Let me present to you our classroom policies under their chair and then they will sit down).
1. Show respect for the teachers, your classmates, (Students say their name)
and to yourself;
2. Avoid talking to your seatmate if it’s not
necessary;
3. Always listen to the teacher, or whoever is
speaking.
2. Collection of assignment
Do you have an assignment?
Okay If yes, then pass your assignment to the
front.
Yes Sir!
B. Review
Student’s pass their assignment to the front.
Let's have first a review/recap about the topic last
meeting.
What was the topic last meeting?
Yes! That’s correct.
“Our topic last meeting is about solving systems
C. Motivational Activity
of linear equation by elimination”
This game is called “Unwrap Me”. I have here a ball and
speaker with music. When the music stops and the student got
the ball, students unwrap the paper an answer the question
that indicate in the paper.
1. What is the system if the equation has one solution?
2. What is the system if the equation has no solution?
3. What is the system if the equation has many solutions?
4. Linear Equation in two variables can be written in the
Consistent-Independent System
form __________
Very good class!
Inconsistent System
D. Presentation of the Lesson
Consistent-dependent System
So, our lesson for today is Solving System of Linear
Equation using determinants. Before we formally start our
discussion, let me present to you first our objectives.
Ax + By = C
At the end of the of the lesson, students are expected to:
1. Define determinants.
2. Solve a system of linear equations in two variables
using determinants.
3. Participate in solving a system of linear equations
using determinants.
D. Lesson Proper
Activity
Direction: The Activity is called “My Determinants”. All you have
to do is to evaluate the determinant. Try it individually. I will
give 2 minutes for you to answer. Use the given equation.
|a₁a₂ bb ₁₂|
= a₁b₂ − a₂b₁
|−23 14| =?
That’s correct class!
Analysis
Since your all answer are correct. How did you come up
with your answer?
That’s right!
|−23 14| = (-2)(4) – (3)(1)
= -8 – 3
= −11
Abstraction
Solving Systems of Linear Equations Using Determinants
A mechanical way of solving systems of linear equations
may be done using determinants.
First, we substitute the determinant to the given
A determinant is a number that is associated with a given equation after that we perform the process of
square matrix. A determinant of the second order is defined by multiplication and subtraction.
the equation.
|a₁a₂ bb ₁₂| = a₁b₂ − a₂b₁
The number of rows and columns in the square array
determines the order.
The left side is the notation for 2x2 determinant of the
matrix and the right is the corresponding algebraic expression.
This algebraic expression is sometimes called the expansion of
the determinant. The real number a₁, a₂, b₁, and b₂ are the
elements of the square matrix to determinant is associated.
Example 1. Evaluate each determinant.
A. |−23 14| B. |−32 −64 |
|−23 14| = (-2)(4) – (3)(1) = −8 – 3 = −11
How about the |−32 −64 | ?
Yes! That’s right!
Note that in b, the elements of the second column (4 and
−6) are multiples of the first column, respectively.
The solution to the system
a₁x + b₁y = c₁ equation 1
|−32 −64 | = (2)(-6) – (-3)(4)
= −12 + 12
a₂x + b₂y = c₂ equation 2
=0
may be solve for x and y using:
x=
|c ₂ b ₂|
c₁ b₁
y=
|a ₂ c ₂|
a₁ c ₁
|a₂₁ bb ₁₂| |a₁₂ bb ₁₂|
When the determinants are evaluated, the resulting
expression may be used as a formula for finding the solution of
any system of linear equations in two unknowns. This method
of solving systems of linear equations is known as the Cramer’s
Rule.
Cramer’s Rule
The solution of the independent-consistent system of linear
equation.
a₁x + b₁y = c₁
a₂x + b₂y = c₂
is given by
c ₁ b ₂−c ₂b ₁ a ₁ c ₂−a₂ c ₁
x= , y=
a ₁ b ₂−a ₂ b ₁ a ₁ b ₂−a₂ b ₁
Note that the formula fails when the denominator a₁b₂ – a₂b₁
is equal to 0, or when a₁b₂ = a₂b₁. This situation occurs when the
system is inconsistent or dependent.
Example 2. Solve each system using determinants.
a. x + y = 6 and x – y = 2
b. y = 2x + 3 and 4x – 2y = 5
1
c. 2x + y – 4 = 0 and x + y=2
2
Solution
A. The equations are in the form as suggested in the Cramer’s
Rule.
The equation x + y = 6 suggests that a₁ = 1, b₁ = 1, and c₁ = 6
The equation x – y = 2 suggests that a₂ = 1, b₂ = -1, and c₂ = 2
( 6 ) (−1 )−(2)(1) −6−2 −8
x= = = =4
( 1 ) (−1 )−(1)(1) −1−1 −2
How about the value of y?
That’s right!
Hence, the solution is (4, 2)
B. The given system in the desired form is
2x – y = −3 where a₁ = 2, b₁ = −1, and c₁ = −3
4x – 2y = 5 where a₂ = 4, b₂ = −2, and c₂ = 5
Using the Cramer’s Rule, what is the value of x and y?
( 1 ) ( 2 )−(1)(6) 2−6 −4
y= = = =2
−2 −2 −2
That’s correct!
C. The given system in the desired form is (−3 ) (−2 )−(5)(−1) 6+5 11
x= = = (Undefined)
(2 )(−2 ) −( 4)(−1) −4 +4 0
2x + y = 4 where a₁ = 2, b₁ = 1, and c₁ = 4
( 2 ) ( 5 )−( 4 ) (−3 ) 10+12 22
1 1 y= = = (Undefined)
x+ y = 2 where a₂ = 1, b₂ = , and c₂ = 2 0 0 0
2 2
The process yields undefined values for x and y.
Using the Cramer’s Rule, what is the value of x and y?
The system is consistent. Therefore, it has no
solution.
x=
(4 )( 2)
1
−(2)(1)
=
2−2 0
= (Indeterminate)
( 2 ) ( )−(1)(1)
1 1−1 0
That’s right! 2
Application ( 2 ) ( 2 )−( 1 ) ( 4 ) 4−4 0
y= = = ( Indeterminate)
0 0 0
Try this!
The process yields, indeterminate forms for x and
Solve the system using determinants y. The system is dependent. Therefor, it has an
5 infinite number of solutions. The solution are all
2x – 5y – 8 = 0 and x + y–4=0 ordered pairs (x, y) such that 2x + y = 4.
2
That’s correct!
Evaluation
Solve each system of linear equation using determinants.
2x – 5y = 8, a₁ = 2, b₁ = −5, c₁ = 8
1. x + y = 3 and x – y = 1
5 5
x+ y = 4 a₂ = 1, b₂ = , c₂ = 4
2. 4x – 9y = 2 and 5x + 3y = –26 2 2
x=
(
( 8)
2)
5
−( 4)(−5)
=
20+ 20 40
= =4
(2 ) ( )−(1)(−5)
5 5+ 5 10
2
( 2 ) ( 4 )−(1)(8) 8−8 0
y= = = =0
10 10 10
Hence, the solution of the system is (4, 0).
X + y = 3 where a₁ = 1, b₁ = 1, c₁ = 3
Assignment
x – y = 1 where a₂ = 1, b₂ = –1 c₂ = 1
Do as directed
( 3 ) (−1 )−(1)(1) −3−1 −4
x= = = =2
|3x 46|
( 1 ) (−1 )−(1)(1) −1−1 −2
1. If = 26, find x.
( 1 ) ( 1 )−( 1 ) ( 3 ) 1−3 −2
y= = = =1
−2 −2 −2
Therefore, the solution is (2, 1).
4x – 9y = 2 where a₁ = 4, b₁ = -9, c₁ = 2
5x + 3y = –26 where a₂ = 5, b₂ = 3, c₂ = -26
( 2 ) (3 )−(−26 )(−9 ) 6−234 −228
x= = = =−4
( 4 )( 3 ) −( 5 ) (−9 ) 12+ 45 57
( 4 ) (−26 ) −( 5 ) (2 ) −104−10 −114
y= = = =−2
57 57 57
Hence, the solution is (−4 ,−2 ¿ .
|3x 46| = 26
( 3 ) ( 6 ) −4 x=26
18−4 x=26
−4 x=26−18
−4 x=8
−4 x 8
=
−4 −4
x=−2
|−23 46| = 26 = ( 3 ) ( 6 ) −(−2 ) ( 4 )=26
18+8=26
26=26