Five steps to developing a research
question
Choose a subject and topic that is of interest.
Deciding on a subject and topic that is of interest and in which the student
is personally invested is important if their motivation is to be sustained
throughout the process. The student should be able to identify, in a broad
sense, what it is that they are interested in and why.
Carry out preliminary reading.
After deciding on a topic of interest students should undertake some
general reading around the issue. Questions they must consider at this
stage are:
What has already been written about this topic?
Was it easy to find sources of information?
Is there a range of different sources available?
Is there a range of views or perspectives on the topic?
What interesting questions have started to emerge from this
reading?
Consider the emerging questions.
The student should now begin posing open-ended questions about their
general topic. These questions will usually be framed using the terms
“how”, “why” or “to what extent”.
Evaluate the question.
Once possible research questions have been posed they should be
evaluated. This evaluation should be based on whether the research
question is clear, focused, and arguable.
Clear: Will the reader understand the nature of my research? Will it direct
the research being undertaken?
Focused: Will the research question be specific enough to allow for
exploration within the scope of the task (that is, the number of words and
time available)?
Arguable: Does the research question allow for analysis, evaluation and
the development of a reasoned argument?
Consider research outcomes.
Once a provisional research question has been decided upon students
should start thinking about the direction their research might take. This
could be in terms of:
suggesting possible outcomes of the research
outlining the kind of argument they might make and how the
research might support this
considering options if the research available is not sufficient to
support a sustained argument.