HISTORY (India & Contemporary World – II)

Nationalism in India
Very Important Questions:
Explain the Non-Cooperation Movement. Why was it withdrawn?
What were the causes of the Civil Disobedience Movement?
Explain the role of peasants in the Civil Disobedience Movement.
Difference between Moderates and Extremists.
Why did different social groups join the national movement?
Write about the Salt March.
Nationalism in Europe
Repeated Questions:
Role of Otto von Bismarck in German unification.
Who was Giuseppe Mazzini?
Explain the 1848 Revolution.
What was Romanticism?
What changes did the French Revolution bring?
GEOGRAPHY (Contemporary India – II)
Resources & Development
What is sustainable development?
Explain resource planning in India.
Steps in resource planning.
Agriculture
Repeated Questions:
Types of farming in India.
Major cropping seasons.
Explain any 3 problems of Indian agriculture.
Compare wheat and rice cultivation.
Minerals & Energy Resources
Difference between conventional & non-conventional energy.
Why is conservation of minerals necessary?
Uses of iron ore and coal.
POLITICAL SCIENCE (Democratic Politics – II)
Power Sharing
Why is power sharing desirable?
Different forms of power sharing.
Example of Belgium & Sri Lanka case study.
Federalism
What is federalism?
Features of federal system.
Difference between unitary & federal government.
How is power divided in India?
Political Parties
Functions of political parties.
Why are political parties necessary?
Challenges faced by political parties. ECONOMICS (Understanding Economic Development)
Development
What is development?
What is Human Development Index?
Difference between national income & per capita income.
Sectors of Indian Economy
Difference between organized & unorganized sector.
Public vs private sector.
3 problems of unorganized sector.
Money & Credit
What is collateral?
Formal vs informal sources of credit.
Role of RBI.
MOST IMPORTANT 5 MARK QUESTIONS (Board Favourites)
Explain the causes & effects of the Civil Disobedience Movement.
Explain different forms of power sharing.
Explain types of farming in India.
Explain the importance of political parties in democracy.
Describe resource planning in India
Important Repeated Questions:
What is sustainable development? Explain with examples.
Explain the steps involved in resource planning.
Why is resource planning essential in India?
What is land degradation? Suggest measures to control it.
Distinguish between renewable and non-renewable resources.
Forest & Wildlife Resources
Board Favourite Questions:
What are the causes of depletion of forests?
Explain different types of forests in India.
What is biodiversity? Why is it important?
What are endangered and vulnerable species?
Role of local communities in forest conservation.
Water Resources
Very Important Questions:
Why are multipurpose projects criticised?
Explain rainwater harvesting methods in India.
Causes of water scarcity.
Explain how dams help in irrigation and electricity.
Write a note on traditional water harvesting systems.
Agriculture
Repeated Questions:
Types of farming in India.
Major cropping seasons (Rabi, Kharif, Zaid).
Technological & institutional reforms in agriculture.
Problems faced by Indian farmers.
Difference between subsistence and commercial farming.
Minerals & Energy Resources
Very Important:
Difference between conventional and non-conventional sources.
Why is conservation of minerals necessary?
Distribution of coal and petroleum in India.
Importance of energy resources in development.
Nationalism in Europe
🔥 Very Important 3 & 5 Mark Questions:
What were the major changes brought by the French Revolution?
What were the decisions of the Congress of Vienna (1815)?
Explain the ideology of liberalism.
Role of Giuseppe Mazzini in spreading nationalism.
Why did the 1848 Revolution fail?
Explain the unification of Germany.
What was Romanticism? How did it promote nationalism?
What was the Zollverein? Why was it important? Nationalism in India
Board Favourite Questions:
Why was the Rowlatt Act opposed?
What was the impact of the Jallianwala Bagh incident?
Explain the Non-Cooperation Movement.
Why did Gandhi withdraw the Non-Cooperation Movement?
Causes of the Civil Disobedience Movement.
Why did different social groups join the movement?
Explain the role of women in the national movement.
Why did the Civil Disobedience Movement lose momentum?
What was the importance of the Salt March?
Why did the Congress accept partition in 1947?
MOST EXPECTED 5 MARK QUESTIONS
Explain the causes and effects of the Civil Disobedience Movement.
Describe the unification of Germany.
Explain the role of different social groups in the national movement.
Explain the changes brought by the French Revolution.
Describe the features of the Treaty of Vienna

Power Sharing
1 Mark
What is power sharing?
Name the two major communities in Belgium.
What was the major problem in Sri Lanka?
3 Mark
Why is power sharing desirable?
Explain any three forms of power sharing.
How did Belgium solve its ethnic problem?
Why did Sri Lanka face ethnic conflict?
5 Mark
Compare the power sharing arrangements of Belgium and Sri Lanka.
Explain different forms of power sharing with examples.
Federalism
1 Mark
What is federalism?
How many lists are there in the Indian Constitution?
What is a Union Territory?
3 Mark
Explain the features of a federal system.
Distinguish between unitary and federal government.
How is power divided in India?
5 Mark
Explain the three-fold distribution of powers in India.
Describe the role of local government in strengthening democracy.
Gender, Religion & Caste
1 Mark
What is communalism?
What is feminist movement?
3 Mark
How does caste influence politics?
Explain forms of communal politics.
Measures taken to improve women’s representation.
5 Mark
Explain the relationship between religion and politics.
How does caste inequality continue in India?
Political Parties
1 Mark
What is a political party?
Name the three components of a political party.
3 Mark
Functions of political parties.
Why are political parties necessary in democracy?
What are the challenges faced by political parties?
5 Mark
Explain the major challenges to political parties and reforms suggested.
Describe the role of opposition party in democracy.
Outcomes of Democracy
1 Mark
What is democracy?
What is transparency?
3 Mark
How do we assess democracy’s outcomes?
Why is democracy considered better than dictatorship?
5 Mark
Explain the expected and actual outcomes of democracy.
How does democracy produce accountable and responsive government?

Development
1 Mark
What is development?
What is per capita income?
What is Human Development Index (HDI)?
3 Mark
What are the different goals of development?
Why do different people have different development goals?
Compare average income and per capita income.
Why is income not the only measure of development?
5 Mark
Explain the criteria used to measure development.
Why is sustainable development important?
Compare developed and developing countries on different bases.
Sectors of the Indian Economy
1 Mark
What is the primary sector?
What is disguised unemployment?
What is organised sector?
3 Mark
Differentiate between organised and unorganised sector.
Explain the three sectors of economic activities.
Why is the tertiary sector growing rapidly?
5 Mark
How can more employment be created in rural areas?
Compare public and private sectors.
Explain the importance of organised sector in development.
Money and Credit
1 Mark
What is collateral?
What are formal sources of credit?
What is a demand deposit?
3 Mark
Why is credit important for development?
Difference between formal and informal sources of credit.
Explain the role of RBI in controlling credit.
5 Mark
Why should credit at reasonable rates be available to all?
Explain the functioning of Self-Help Groups (SHGs).
How does money act as a medium of exchange?
Globalisation and the Indian Economy
1 Mark
What is globalisation?
What is a multinational company (MNC)?
What is liberalisation?
3 Mark
How do MNCs spread production globally?
What are the factors that enabled globalisation?
5 Mark
How has liberalisation affected the Indian economy?
How did technology a factor that enabled the globalisation process?

Manufacturing Industries
1 Mark Questions
What is manufacturing?
What is agro-based industry?
What is basic industry?
What is consumer industry?
What is an industrial region?
What is mineral-based industry?
3 Mark Questions
Why is manufacturing important for a country’s development?
Classify industries on the basis of raw material, ownership and size.
Explain the factors affecting the location of industries.
Why is the cotton textile industry concentrated in Maharashtra and Gujarat?
Problems faced by the cotton textile industry.
Why is the iron and steel industry called a basic industry?
Why are chemical industries important?
Environmental problems caused by industries.
5 Mark Questions (Very Important )
Explain the factors affecting the location of industries.
Describe the iron and steel industry in India.
Explain the importance and problems of cotton textile industry.
Suggest measures to control environmental degradation caused by industries.
Classify industries on different bases with examples
Why are manufacturing industries importance for the backbone of the country?

Print Culture
1 Mark Questions
Who invented the printing press in Europe?
What is woodblock printing?
What was the Vernacular Press Act?
What was the Diamond Sutra?
Who was Martin Luther?
3 Mark Questions
How did print culture develop in China?
Explain the features of Gutenberg’s printing press.
How did print help the Reformation movement?
Role of print in the French Revolution.
How did print culture develop in India?
5 Mark Questions (Very Important )
Explain the impact of print revolution in Europe.
How did print culture help the growth of nationalism in India?
Describe the development of print in Europe.
Explain the role of print in bringing social reform in India.
Why did some people fear the spread of print?
 The making of a global world
"The Silk route was a good example of vibrant pre-modern trade and cultural links between distant
parts of the world." Explain the statement with any two examples.
Explain any three effects of population growth in England in the later eighteenth century.
Food offers many example of long distance cultural exchange. Justify this statement.
What was the most powerful weapon of the Spanish conqueror to colonise America?explain.
The pre-modern world shrank greatly in the 16th century.’ Explain.
Why thousands of people fled Europe for America in the 19th century
Or
Why did thousands of people flee
Geography Target Questions:
1. Resource planning is essential for sustainable existence. Discuss.
2. Discuss the factors which are mainly responsible for land degradation in India.
3. What is soil conservation? Discuss the methods to conserve soil.
4. Write three steps taken by the government for conservation of wildlife.
5. Assess the need for conservation of forests and Wildlife in India.
6. What is water scarcity? Write the main reasons for water scarcity.
7. Agriculture gives boost to the industrial sector. Justify the statement with any three relevant
points.
8. Write three drawbacks of Green Revolution.
9. Which fibre crop is called as the Golden fibre? Which is the most important region of its growth
and why? Give one major reason why it is losing the market now.
10. Why do you think that solar energy has a bright future in India?
11. Minerals are indispensable part of our lives. Support the statement with examples.
12. There is an urgent need to develop a sustainable path of energy development. Give two broad
measures for it. As concerned citizens, how can you help to conserve energy?
13. Why is conservation of mineral resources essential? Explain the methods to conserve them.
14. How does industrial pollution degrade environment?
15. Give three reasons why the iron and steel industry is called the basic industry.
16. The economic strength of the country is measured by the development of manufacturing
industries. Support the statement with arguments.
*Political Target Questions:*
1. What is meant by the 'system of checks and balances'?
2. Explain any three consequences of the majoritarian polices adopted by the Sri Lankan
government.
3. "Power sharing is the very spirit of democracy". Justify the statement.
4. What is decentralisation? What is the importance or need for decentralisation?
5. " The creation of linguistic states was the first and major test for democratic politics in our
country". Justify this statement.
6. The Government of India gives holidays for the festivals of most of the religions". Why is it so?
Give your viewpoint.
7. Explain the factors that have led to the weakening of the caste system in India.
8. State how caste inequalities are still continuing in India.
9. " No party system is ideal for all countries and in all situations". Justify the statement with
arguments.
10. " Political parties are a necessary condition for a democracy". Analyse the statement with
examples.
11. Suggest and explain any five effective measures to reform Political parties.
12. " Democracy has failed to reduce economic inequality and poverty". Do you agree? Give
arguments in support of your answer.
13. How are the democratic governments better than the other forms of governments? Explain.
14. " Democracy is accountable and responsive to the needs and expectations of the citizens".
Evaluate the statement.

*Economics Target Questions:*

1. Kerala with lower per capita income, has a better human development ranking than Punjab.
Hence, per capita income is not a useful criterion at all and should not be used to compare states.
Do you agree? Discuss.
2. Money cannot buy all the goods and services that one needs to live well". Do you agree with this
statement? Justify your answer with any suitable arguments.
3. What maybe development for one or may not be development for the other"? Explain with a
suitable example.
4. How can we create more employment in secondary and tertiary sectors in rural India?
5. " The problem of underemployment is not confined only to agriculture". Support the statement
with examples.
6. Explain reasons for the rising importance of the tertiary sector in India.
7. How can we works in the unorganised sector to be protected? Explain giving examples of rural
and urban areas.
8. Give an example to show that double coincidence of wants is necessary in a barter system.
9. Why are terms of credit required for a loan or credit?
10. How is the concept of Self Help Groups important for poor people?
11. What is credit? How can credit be both an asset as well as a debt trap?
12. What is a trade barrier? Why did the Indian Government put up trade barriers after
independence? Explain.
13. " Technology is the vital force in the modern form of Globalisation". Explain the statement with
suitable examples.
14. What are the factors that have enabled globalisation.