I.

OBJECTIVES
A. Content Standard
The learner demonstrates an understanding of how world literature and other text types
serve as instruments to resolve social conflicts, as well as how to use the language of
research, campaigns, and advocacies.

B. Performance Standard
The learner will write an argumentative essay following the parts and using
argumentative writing techniques.

C. Learning Competency
Use a variety of argumentative writing techniques.

D. Specific Objectives
At the end of this lesson, the students are expected to:
1. Identify the parts of an argumentative essay and different argumentative writing
techniques;
2. Read an example of argumentative; and
3. Write an argumentative essay following the parts and using argumentative
techniques.

II. SUBJECT MATTER

Topic: Using a Variety of Argumentative Writing Techniques
Reference: English – Grade 10, Alternative Delivery Mode, Quarter 3 – Module 2b: Using a
Variety of Argumentative Writing Techniques, First Edition. 2021
Materials: PowerPoint Presentation, laptop, television, reading material, notebook, and
paper.
III. PROCEDURES

Teacher’s Activities Students’ Activities

A. Routinary Activities
1. Greetings

Good morning, class!

Good morning, Sir!
How is everybody?
We are fine.
2. Prayer

All right. Before we start with the lesson, let

us ask for the guidance of the Lord. Class
President, kindly lead the prayer.
(The students will pray.)
Thank you. Now, kindly pick up the pieces
of trash on the floor and arrange your
chairs.
(The students will pick up the trash and
arrange their chairs.)
3. Checking Attendance

Class secretary, do we have absentees for

today?
There is no absentee for today, Ma’am.
Great! Since everything is now organized
and you are all ready, let’s start.

B. Recapitulation

Now, let’s go back to our previous topic.

What was it about? Yes, Treus?

It is about Expanding Ideas Using

What is the importance of using principles Principles of Cohesion and Coherence.
of cohesion and coherence when we are
writing?
When sentences, ideas, and details fit
together clearly, readers can follow along
easily, and the writing is coherent. The
Very well said! Thank you, Treus. What is ideas tie together smoothly and clearly.
the first principle? Yes, Millson?
First, reference words/pronouns, these are
words that do not make sense on their own.
They refer to something else in the text or
Good job! Thank you, Millson. How about can stand in for any given noun.
the second principle? Yes, Carmelli?
Second, repeated words/ideas, and
synonyms are particularly used. These are
different words that represent the same
That’s right! Thank you, Carmelli. Let have idea.
now the third principle. Yes, Paolo?
Third, pronouns, This, that, those, those,
he, she, it, they, and we are useful
pronouns for referring back to something
previously mentioned. Be sure, however,
that what you are referring to is clear.
Very good! Thank you, Paolo. How about
the fourth principle? Yes, Francis? Fourth, transitional words, there are many
words in English that cue our readers to
relationships between sentences, joining
sentences together. Examples of these are
however, therefore, in addition, also, but,
Great! Thank you, Francis. Indeed, you moreover, etc.
learn from our previous lesson. I hope you
apply the principles of cohesion and
coherence in our next lessons.

C. Lesson Proper
A. Pre-lesson activities
1. Motivation

Before we formally start our lesson for

today, let us have an activity. Kindly read
the instructions.

The class will be divided into two groups.

Each group needs 5 representatives who
will argue the advantages and
disadvantages of technology in education.
They need to come in front of the class and
will be given 1 minute and 30 seconds to
speak to each student. They are also given
5 minutes to prepare and there will be a
draw lots if they will argue the advantages
 or the disadvantages.
Those students on my right side will be
group one and those students on my left
side will be group two. Now, let's have a
draw lots.

(The teacher will pick from the draw lots.)

Group two will argue the advantages and

group one will argue the disadvantages.
You are given 5 minutes to prepare your
thoughts. The timer starts now.
(Students will start brainstorming and
assigning who will be their representatives
in each group.)
You still have 2 minutes left.
(Students start finalizing their plans.)
Times up! For those representatives kindly
go in front and form a group line. I need
one representative per group and let us
have Jack en poy to determine who will be
speaking first.
(Students have jack en poy.)
The first group that will start arguing is
group two which will be followed by group
one. Are you all ready?
Yes, Sir.
Let’s start! Let's begin with our first speaker
arguing for the advantages of technology in
education followed by the speaker arguing
for the disadvantages.
Advantages Speaker 1: Technology in
education has revolutionized the way we
learn. One significant advantage is
accessibility. With devices like laptops and
tablets, students can access educational
materials anytime, anywhere, breaking
down barriers to learning.

Disadvantages Speaker 1: While

accessibility is indeed important, there are
significant disadvantages to consider as
well. One major concern is the potential for
distraction. Social media, games, and other
non-educational content can divert
students' attention away from learning,
leading to decreased academic
performance.

Advantages Speaker 2: While distractions

are a valid concern, technology also
facilitates personalized learning. Adaptive
learning software can tailor lessons to each
student's individual needs, ensuring that no
one is left behind and promoting inclusivity
in education.

Disadvantages Speaker 2: Personalized

learning may sound appealing, but it comes
with its own set of challenges. Not all
students have equal access to technology,
creating a digital divide that exacerbates
 existing inequalities in education.

Advantages Speaker 3: Indeed, access to

technology is not uniform, but efforts can
be made to bridge the digital divide.
Moreover, technology enhances
engagement in the classroom. Interactive
lessons, educational games, and
multimedia resources make learning more
enjoyable and effective.

Disadvantages Speaker 3: While

engagement is important, we cannot ignore
the negative effects of excessive screen
time on students' health. Prolonged use of
electronic devices can lead to eye strain,
sleep disturbances, and even addiction,
posing serious risks to students' well-being.

Advantages Speaker 4: Health concerns

are valid, but technology can also be used
to promote physical activity and wellness.
There are countless apps and programs
designed to encourage exercise,
mindfulness, and healthy habits among
students.

Disadvantages Speaker 4: While there may

be apps promoting physical activity, the
issue of reliability cannot be overlooked.
With the vast amount of information
available online, students may struggle to
discern credible sources from unreliable
ones, leading to misinformation and
confusion.

Advantages Speaker 5: Digital literacy skills

are crucial, and education can address this
by teaching students how to critically
evaluate sources. Additionally, technology
fosters collaboration and communication
among students and educators, breaking
down geographical barriers and promoting
global learning opportunities.

Disadvantages Speaker 5: Collaboration

and communication are indeed important,
but we must also consider the privacy
implications of technology in education.
With the collection of student data through
online platforms, there are risks of privacy
breaches and misuse of personal
Very good! Let us give a round of applause information.
to our speakers. They provided an
insightful argument. You may now take
your seats.
(Students will take their seats.)
That activity is connected with our lesson
for today. We will be dealing with one of the
kinds of an essay that requires you to
argue and make your stand. Are you
ready? Yes, Sir.
 A. During the lesson activities
1. Discussion
Do you have experience to join in a
debate? (Only a few students raise their hands.)

It seems that most of you don’t have an

experience in debate. How about arguing
with your friends about a certain topic? (Most students raise their hands.)

How do you argue with your friends? Can

you give me a scenario? Yes, Ian? For example, during lunchtime. There are
times when we can’t decide where we are
going to eat. It ends up arguing about
where should we go and what food we like
to eat.

Good! Thank you, Ian. It is somehow

connected with our topic for today which is
argumentative writing. Please read every
one.

Thank you. Argumentative writing allows us

to present different issues whether be in
scientific, political, social, etc. What are the
examples of issues that we face? Yes, Ian? Examples of issues we are facing are
jeepney modernization, conflict in the
territory, charter change, etc.

Very good! Thank you, Ian. It is nice to

know that you are aware of the latest
issues in our country. In argumentative
writing, we need to make a stand whether
we agree or not on a certain issue. Our
stand must be supported with proof or
evidence. Please read the next slide
everyone.

Thank you. The proof and the series of

evidence that we will include must come
from extensive research. What are the
examples of evidence that we can include?
Yes, Kyllie? We can include statistics, statements of
experts, legal documents, and others.
That’s right! Thank you, Kyllie. I have here
copies of an argumentative essay that was
written by Sir. Argel Ventura. Please get
one and pass.

Let us also discuss the parts of an essay

and take a look at the elements of an
argumentative essay that we need to
incorporate when we write our own. Does
everybody have their copy? Are you ready?
Yes, Sir.
I will be reading the first paragraph and I
will be calling students to read the
succeeding paragraph. What is the title of
our argumentative essay? Please read
every one.
The Need for Better Sex Ed in Schools
Based on the title the author supports the
need for better sex education in schools.
Let us see later on if the author
successfully includes evidence that will also
support the essay. I will start reading the
first paragraph.

Talking about sex in schools can be

uncomfortable, but it is important. It is
crucial to have good sex education in
schools. There are three reasons why
students need to learn about their bodies
and relationships at school to help them
make smart choices as they grow up.

What part of an essay is this paragraph?

Yes, Francis?
It is the introduction.
Correct! Thank you, Francis. Please read
every one.

Thank you. In your introduction, you must

ensure that you will give background
information about your topic. In this
paragraph, what do you think is the
background information? Yes, Louise?
Talking about sex in schools can be
uncomfortable, but it is important. It is
crucial to have good sex education in
schools.
That’s right! Thank you, Louise. Upon
reading this, we will know that the entire
essay will talk about the importance of sex
education in schools. Aside from that, what
else can we see in the introduction? Yes,
Ben Heart?
There must be also a thesis statement.
What do you mean by thesis statement?
It is a one sentence that summarizes your
entire essay. It needs to be clearly stated.
What is the thesis statement in the
paragraph?
There are three reasons why students need
to learn about their bodies and
relationships at school to help them make
smart choices as they grow up.
Very good! Thank you, Ben Heart. The
thesis statement serves also as a road map
that guides the readers through the
important information elaborated in the
succeeding paragraphs. Let us now
proceed to the next part, please read every
one.

Thank you. This is where we find the

reasons and evidence that the author
includes. Let us see later the reason and
evidence presented in our argumentative
essay. Please read the next paragraph.
Yes, Camille?

One strong reason for having better sex

education is that it can help reduce teenage
pregnancies. When students know about
contraception and safe sex, they can make
better choices. Research shows that
countries with good sex education have
fewer unplanned teen pregnancies. This
means that teaching students about how to
be safe can make a big difference in
Thank you. What is the first reason preventing problems.
mentioned? Yes, Carmelli?

Better sex education can help to reduce

Does the statement given was supported teenage pregnancies.
by evidence?

Yes, Sir. It was mentioned in the paragraph

that research shows that countries with
good sex education have fewer unplanned
Very well said! Thank you, Carmelli. Let us teen pregnancies.
move to the next paragraph, please read it.
Yes, Jarren?
 Another important point is that good sex
education can help prevent the spread of
infections. Just saying "don't do it" does not
work. By teaching about safe practices and
regular check-ups, we give students the
tools to protect themselves. This way, we
can help reduce the number of infections
among young people.
Please remain standing. What is the
second reason?
Good sex education can help prevent the
spread of infections.
Do you think this paragraph is connected
with the thesis statement?
Yes, Sir. It was mentioned in the thesis
statement that the essay will discuss why it
is important to have good sex education.

Great! Thank you, Jarren. Do you have any

questions so far? None, Sir.

Okay. Let us proceed to the next

paragraph. Kindly read. Yes, Rommel? Additionally, better sex education helps
students build healthy relationships.
Learning about communication, respect,
and setting boundaries is vital. By teaching
these things early on, we can help prevent
bad situations and create a generation that
values healthy relationships and
understands what's okay and what's not.

Thank you. What do you think is the third

reason?

Better sex education helps students build

Very good! Thank you, Rommel. How many healthy relationships.
reasons do we have?

Were the three reasons supported by Three, Sir.

evidence?

In writing an argumentative essay, we also Yes, Sir

have a counterargument. Please read
every one.

Thank you. What do you think is the

counterargument in our essay? Yes,
Millson?
 Some people worry that talking about sex in
school might make students more likely to
have sex. But studies show the opposite.
When students have good sex education,
they wait longer before becoming sexually
active. So, it is not about encouraging risky
behavior, rather it is about giving them the
knowledge to make smart choices.

How do you say that it is the

counterargument?
The opposing claim was mentioned at the
beginning of the paragraph and it was
refuted. It further supports the stand of the
author.
Very well said! Thank you, Millson. We are
now down to the last part of an essay. What
do you think is this? Yes, Louise?

Correct! Thank you, Louise. Please read It is the conclusion, Sir.

every one.

Thank you. In our argumentative essay,

please read the conclusion. Yes, Althea?

In conclusion, having good sex education in

schools is important. It helps reduce
unplanned pregnancies, prevent infections,
and build healthy relationships. Schools,
parents, and leaders need to work together
to make sure students get the education
they need. By doing this, we can help
young people make good choices and
create a safer and happier society. Let's
speak up for better sex education in
How the conclusion was written? schools!

We need to restate the thesis statement

Very good! Thank you, Althea. Do you have and summarize all the arguments.
any questions so far?

If none, let us now proceed with None, Sir.

argumentative writing techniques.
In writing an argumentative essay, we need
to use different techniques so that our
essay will be well written and we can fully
achieve our goals in writing. Please read
the first technique everyone.

As we have said earlier, the thesis

statement will serve as a road map for your
essay. Why is it important that your thesis
statement is clear? Yes, Ben Heart?

It must be clear so that the body of your

essay will be organized as well.
Good job! Thank you, Ben Heart. What you
mention in your thesis statement will be
only included in the body of the essay. Is it
clear class?

Please read the second technique. Yes, Sir.

Thank you. Do you think your readers will

believe you if you just simply state your
side without using evidence? Yes, Treus?

That’s right! Thank you, Treus. It is also No, Sir.

important that you are skilled in looking for
credible sources. Let us now have the third
technique. Please read every one.
Thank you. How can we show that the
other side is weak? Yes, Jarren?

By having a counterargument and using

Great! Thank you, Jarren. Let us always facts.
think about how can we make our stand
stronger. Let us now move on to the last
technique. Please read every one.

Thank you. How do logical connectors help

our essay? Yes, George?

It promotes cohesion and coherence in our

Can you give examples of logical paragraphs.
transitions?

Examples of these are however, therefore,

Very good! Thank you, George. I am in addition, also, but, moreover, etc.
expecting you to use these techniques
once you start writing your argumentative
essay. Is it clear class?

Do you have questions? Yes, Sir.

Please pass the argumentative essay None, Sir.

forward and to the center.

(The students will pass the argumentative

All argumentative essays in? essay.)

1. Practice Yes, Sir.

a. Guided Practice
Directions: Determine if the statement is a
fact or a bluff. If you think it's a fact, raise
your right hand, but if you think it’s a bluff,
raise your left hand.

1. Your thesis statement should be

clearly stated in the first paragraph
of your essay.
 2. Logical connectors such as
"however" and "therefore" play a
crucial role in organizing your essay.
3. It's acceptable to rely solely on
personal opinions without providing
evidence in an argumentative essay.
4. An essay with a clear thesis
statement is more likely to be well-
structured and organized.
5. It's unnecessary to address
opposing arguments in your essay.

b. Independent practice
Directions: Identify which part of an
argumentative essay is being described
in each sentence. Write your answers
on ¼ sheet of paper.

1. Contains reasons and evidence to

back up the thesis statement.
2. Restate the thesis and summarize
arguments without introducing new
ones.
3. Contains a clear, concise thesis
statement summarizing the main
point.
4. Acknowledges opposing claims and
refutes them.

B. Post-lesson activities
1. Generalization
Now, to ensure that we hit our goals for
today’s lesson, let’s go back to our
objectives. Kindly read the first one.

1. Identify the parts of an

argumentative essay and
Do you think we achieved the first
different argumentative writing
objective?
techniques;

What are the parts of an argumentative

Yes, Sir.
essay and the different argumentative
writing techniques? Yes, Lynsay?

The parts include the introduction, body,

and conclusion. We must use
argumentative writing techniques such as
making the thesis crystal clear, using
evidence, showing why the other side is
Very well said! Thank you, Lynsay. Kindly
weak, and using logical connectors.
read the second objective.

Do you think we achieved the second

2. Read an example of
objective?
argumentative

What is the title of the argumentative essay

Yes, Sir.
that we have read?
 That’s right! Kindly read the last objective The Need for Better Sex Ed in Schools
for today’s lesson.

3. Write an argumentative essay

following the parts and using
Did we accomplish our last objective? argumentative techniques.

Right, you haven’t written your informative No, Sir.

essay yet. Given that, we will have another
activity.

1. Application
Directions: Write your argumentative essay.
You have the freedom to choose a topic
that you find interesting. Use argumentative
writing techniques and make sure that you
follow the parts of writing an essay. Your
work will be graded according to the given
rubric:

I. EVALUATION
Directions: Read and answer the following questions carefully. Write the letter of the
correct answer on one whole sheet of paper.
1. What is the purpose of the introductory paragraph in an essay?
A) To present a counterargument
B) To summarize all arguments
C) To provide an outline of the topic, background information, evidence, and thesis statement
D) To introduce new arguments
2. What is the purpose of the counterargument paragraph in an essay?
A) To provide an outline of the topic
B) To acknowledge opposing claims and refute them
C) To summarize all arguments
D) To introduce new evidence
3. What is the purpose of the conclusion paragraph in an essay?
A) To introduce new arguments
B) To provide an outline of the topic
C) To restate the thesis and summarize arguments
D) To acknowledge opposing claims
4. What is the purpose of the body paragraphs in an essay?
A) To introduce new arguments
B) To acknowledge opposing claims
C) To provide an outline of the topic
D) To contain reasons and evidence that back up the claim
5. What is a thesis statement in an essay?
A) A summary of all arguments presented
B) A section where new evidence is introduced
C) A clear, concise one-sentence summary of the main point and claim
6. What is the purpose of using logical connectors in an essay?
A) To confuse the reader
B) To distract the reader from the main argument
C) To make the essay longer
D) To ensure the contents of the essay are organized and coherent
7. How does using evidence strengthen an essay?
A) By making the essay more opinionated
B) By increasing the word count of the essay
C) By building the writer's authority or credibility
D) By making the essay more difficult to understand
8. When should logical connectors be used in an essay?
A) Only in the conclusion
B) Only in the introduction
C) Throughout the essay where appropriate
D) Never
9. What is the recommended placement for your thesis statement in an essay?
A) At the end of the essay
B) In the middle of the essay
C) In the first paragraph of the essay
D) At the conclusion of the essay
10. What should be avoided in an argumentative essay?
A) Presenting opposing arguments
B) Using evidence to support your points
C) Using logical connectors
D) Ignoring opposing arguments
I. ASSIGNMENT
Write your answers in your notebook.
1. What is an informative writing?
2. What are the informative writing techniques?
3. Read an example of an informative essay.

APPENDICES
RUBRIC FOR APPLICATION

Answer key (Evaluation)

1. C
2. B
3. C
4. D
5. C
6. D
7. C
8. C
9. C
10. D