FALSE CEILING

1. 1. USES: Its used to conceal varied service lines- structural features , open pipes and wiring,
and air conditioning ducts. It gives more options to use special lighting systems such as cove
lighting, wall washers, floating effects and so on. False ceiling can be used to give thermal
insulation for a given space. Besides, it also creates an effective sonic system especially in
auditoriums, cinema halls or recording studios.

2. 2. • TYPES OF SUSPENDED CEILINGS • EXPOSED OR LAY-IN GRID • CONCEALED GRID • SEMI-

3. 3. • Very basic and economic cost of False Ceiling comes out to Rs. 150 – Rs 200 per sq. ft
(square feet) . If you add some creative designs and material quality cost goes up. Designs
that gel well with rest of the room. Plaster of Paris ( POP ) is being used since long long time.
Since last few years, Gypsum boards are used a lot. Previously simple wood was used, now
good quality Ply is commonly used.

4. 4. • The suspended ceiling was originally developed to conceal the underside of the floor
above and to offer acoustic balance and control in a room. • The acoustic performance of
suspended ceilings has improved dramatically over the years, with enhanced sound
absorption and attenuation. This is sometimes achieved by adding insulation known as
sound attenuation bats (sabs), more commonly referred to as "sound bats", above the
panels to help deaden sounds and keep adjacent rooms quieter. A COMMERCIAL BUILDING
WITHOUT A PLENUM AIRSPACE. A COMMERCIAL BUILDING WITH A PLENUM AIRSPACE.
FALSECEILING

5. 5. PVC FALSE CEILING SECTIONS

6. 6. • A system where the grid is visible and into which panels are laid. The grid is finished in
colours to harmonise or contrast with the panels. • Panels are manufactured from a variety
of materials including mineral/rock fibre, glass fibre, plasterboard, calcium silicate, glass
reinforced gypsum, perlite, wood, steel and aluminium. Panels are available in a variety of
sizes to suit the modular features of the grid system. The more common being 1200 x 600,
600 x 600 and 500 x 500mm. • Grid systems are, generally, an inverted ‘T’ design, with a
table (exposed face) width of 15 or 24mm. They are rolled from galvanised steel strip with a
finished facing of painted steel or aluminium. Grid systems may also have an exposed face
that is rolled to a profile or have a profiled aluminium section applied. EXPOSED OR LAY-IN
GRID

7. 7. EXPOSED OR LAY-IN GRID • Extruded aluminium exposed grid systems are also available. •
The various components clip together to form square or rectangular modules to receive infill
panels. • Panels have, most commonly, square or simple rebated edges, but some propriety
products may have other edge details. A considerable number of face patterns and colours
are available. • Many panels are designed for wide usage and have good general
performance. Panels are also available with enhanced features, offering increased sound
absorption, sound attenuation, heat insulation, resistance to humidity, etc. • Exposed grid
suspended ceiling systems can contribute to passive fire protection. • The system is rapid to
install and can provide a high degree of access to the ceiling void.
8. 8. • Concealed Grid (For Tiles Other Than Steel/Aluminium) • A system where, after the tiles
are installed, the grid is not visible. • The system most commonly comprises galvanised steel
‘Z’ sections fixed with clips to a primary network of galvanised channel sections. • Systems
using inverted ‘T’ sections (similar to those described under ‘Exposed or lay-in grid’) may
also be appropriate for specific manufacturer’s tiles. • Tiles are manufactured from a variety
of material, including mineral/rock wool, glass fibre, perlite cast plaster and wood. • Edges
may be kerbed (slotted), back-cut or tongued & grooved to receive the ‘Z’ or ‘T’ section. •
The butting edges of the tiles may be square or bevelled to create a ‘V’ joint feature. •
Common sizes of tiles are 300 x 300 and 600 x 600. • Concealed grid systems require an
extremely high standard of workmanship to achieve a satisfactory installation. TYPICAL
CONCEALED GRID

9. 9. • SEMI-CONCEALED GRID : • A system where the grid is visible in one direction only. • The
exposed grid sections would generally be a 24mm ‘T’, as described under ‘Exposed or lay-in
grid’. The concealed components may be similar ‘T’ section, ‘Z’ section (usually 32mm deep)
or a special deep ‘cranked Z’. • As the grid components do not interlock spacer bars must be
used to prevent the exposed tee sections ‘spreading’ allowing panels to fall. • This system is
designed to support ‘planks’ – tiles that are 300mm wide and 1200, 1500, 1800 and up to
2500mm long. • The exposed sections support the shorter edges. • Planks are manufactured
from a variety of material, including mineral/rock wool, glass fibre, wood, steel and
aluminium. • The short edges are square cut and the long edges may be kerbed (slotted),
back-cut or tongued and grooved to receive the ‘Z’ or ‘T’ section. • Planks manufactured
from steel or aluminium will, generally, not require the longitudinal (concealed)
components. • The butting edges of the planks are usually bevelled to create a ‘V’ joint
 feature, but may be square – metal versions may have a separating foam gasket. • Semi-
concealed systems can offer access to the void above the ceiling, but, if required on a regular
basis, care should be exercised in the selection of plank material.

10. 10. INSTALLATION SEQUENCE • Marking and drilling in primary ceiling. • fix the perimeter
angle section to the walls at the desired levels. • Suspend the intermediate c channel from
the ceiling at the desired height with soffit cleat.( soffit cleat spacing=1200mm, intermediate
channel spacing=450/600mm) • Suspend the main frame ceiling section from the
intermediate section with connecting clips at 600mm c/c. • Screw the panel onto the frame
work. • the electric cables and service ducts ore laid as per design before panels are
screwed. • For final finishing panel can be painted or polished.

11. 11. • Suspended ceiling is a secondary ceiling which is hung below the main ceiling. • Also
referred as a drop ceiling, T- bar ceiling, false ceiling • Used for concealing the underside of
the floor above • Used to offer acoustic balance and control in a room & improve insulation.
• Consists of a grid work of metal channels in the shape of an upside- down "T“ • Grid work
are suspended on wires from the overhead structure • Grids modular size = 600x600mm •
Each cell is filled with lightweight "tiles" or "panels" which simply drop into the grid. •Tiles
can be selected with a variety of materials Installation Of Suspended Ceiling: •Install splayed
wires at 3.6m on center in four directions. •Provide adjustable compression struts, at center
of splayed wires, and attach to the structure above. •Provide ceiling tile clips. •Provide
25mm minimum separation between the ceiling system and the enclosing walls •This
separation is called seismic separation

12. 12. Installation Note: •Standard grid module systems should not be more than 1.5 m in any
direction. •Hanger attachment devices is capable of carrying either 200 pounds or 3 times
the ceiling design load •Members perpendicular to the wall at the unattached sides of the
grid shall be tied together with the help of stabilizing bar (stabilized) to prevent their
spreading. (3.6m) (3.6m) (1.2 or 1.5m) (1.8m) (2.4m) General Installation Requirements
(2.4m) (2.4m) (2.4m) (2’=0.6m) (3/4’=0.2m) Typical Ceiling Grid Layout

13. 13. Screw Screw Screw Stabilizer bar 0.6m 2.4m (3/4’=0.2m) Screw 2.4m 0.6m Grid Grid
Unattached End of Grid Attached End of Grid Hanger Wires & Stabilizer Bar (0.6m) (2.4m)
(2.4m) (2.4m) (4’= 1.2m) (2’= 0.6m)

14. 14. • Lighting fixtures, egress lighting, speakers, air terminals or mechanical services
weighing up to 56 pounds can be supported by suspended ceiling • Sprinkler heads or other
similar ceiling penetrations shall be provided with at least 2.54 cm of clearance in all
directions surrounding the sprinkler head or extension. Sprinkler Penetration Fixture
Support

15. 15. Expansion joint Installation Of Timber Suspended Ceiling: • Grid system is formed with
the help of wooden joists. • Modular grid size 400x600mm • Grid system is supported by
hanger wire & wooden screws • Each cell is filled with lightweight “wooden panels" which
simply drop into the grid. Description of the material 1 Cement Board Indoor 2 Insulation
material coat 3 Batten and lath framework 400/600 mm 4 Maxi Screw 7 Joint Filler –14 fire
protection plate GKF, 12.5 mm 21 Direct hanger 27 Dividing strips 28 Filling 29 Expansion
joint (15-20mm gap) Suspended ceiling with wooden framework Direct fastening under solid
ceilings Connection to solid walls Direct fastening under wooden ceilings
16. 16. Installation Of Steel Suspended Ceiling: • Steel structure of suspended ceiling is
composed of grids •Grid system is supported by hanger wire •Each cell is filled with
lightweight “panels" which simply drops into the grid. Abbreviation: 1. Primary profile 2.
Secondary profile 3. Fixing hooks 4. Connector 5. Hanger 6. Hanger wires APPLICATION : I.
Primary & Secondary profile : 60x27mm Application : Used as Grid. II. Connector:
27x61.5x100 mm Application: To connect two profiles III. Fixer: 50x58x0.8 mm Application:
Fixes secondary profile to primary profile IV. Hangers / Hanger wires (dia 6mm):
90x58x1.5mm Application: Fixes primary profile to ceiling

17. 17. Installation Of Aluminum Suspended Ceiling: • Aluminum structure of suspended ceiling
is composed of grids •Grid system is supported by hanger wire & cleats •Each cell is filled
with lightweight “panels" which simply drops into the grid. Length : 3.6 m Length : 1.2m
Length : 3.05 m

18. 18. Polyvinyl chloride (P.V.C.) tiles • Are commonly used floor & suspended ceiling finish •
They are small in size , usually 150mm, 225mm and 305mm • The tiles are made of a
composite of PVC and fiber • Available in different colors, sizes, designs and patterns • Are
used in residences, offices, and commercial areas • The main advantages of PVC tiles are: a.
Are easy to install & maintenance free b. Offer excellent insulation c. Are water proof and
fire retardant. d. Long lasting Gypsum Board • Is a panel made of gypsum plaster • It is
pressed between two thick sheets of paper. • It is used to make interior walls and ceilings. •
The main advantages of gypsum board are: a) Ease of installation b) Fire resistance c) Sound
insulation d) Durability , Economy & Versatility Acoustic Board • Is a special kind of board
made of sound absorbing materials. • Its job is to provide sound insulation. • Ceiling is
porous. • When sound passes through an acoustic board, the intensity of sound is
decreased. • The loss of sound energy is balanced by producing heat energy. • Used in
auditoriums, halls, seminar rooms, libraries etc

19. 19. Special Consideration of fire insulation: 1. Tiles can provide the additional resistance. 2. A
fire-resistance rating typically means the duration for which a passive fire protection system
can withstand a standard fire resistance test 3. Fire resistance ratings for ceiling panels vary
with respect to different material. 4. Fire resistance ratings are based on the materials used
and preparation of each panel. 5. Regulations call for the control of fire, smoke and gases in
ceiling voids. 6. Cavity barriers should be installed at the specified intervals. 7. Cavity barriers
are primarily intended to delay the passage of fire. 8. Indicative tests have shown that stone
wool, reinforced with a 25mm wire mesh, acts as a high efficiency filter to prevent the
passage of smoke particles. 9. Cavity barriers must satisfy the requirements of current
Building Regulations 10. Where services penetrate a barrier its effectiveness must be
maintained by effective and approved sealing. 11. All fire sprinklers piping and layout to be
approved by the fire department 12. Fire sprinklers head should have 0.6 m oversize ring or
adaptor through the ceiling to allow for at least 0.31 m of movement in all directions 13. For
fire resistive main runners, all expansion relief cutout should be within 1m of a vertical
support wire Fire Sprinkler Head

20. 20. DETACHED CEILING- It’s a part ceiling with or without covering the primary ceiling. this
ceiling is mainly used to play with the levels of the false ceiling to provide lighting. This
system is creatively used, especially at the exhibition galleries and show rooms using very
unusual materials like fabrics and other similar materials. POINTS TO BE NOTED- Avoid
textured or porous materials at the non- air conditioned spaces to avoid accumulation of
 dust in long run and for better maintenance. The ceiling material should be selected, in such
a way that it can be painted. The space between the false ceiling and the primary ceiling
shall be completely sealed off for better maintenance GYPSUM BOARD CEILING

21. 21. Gypboard attached(direct to framing): • Secured directly to framing members or to solid
furring. • Most widely used in residential and light commercial • construction. • Two layers
may be required for an improved fire resistance to sound transmission. • Directly affected by
deflection and/or expansion/contraction in supporting framing.

22. 22. Gypboard attached(direct to framing) Primary & secondary supports

23. 23. • 4. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY SUPPORTS: • Primary suspension system may also
include a • Secondary system of furring channels used to align • The primary system and/or
to provide resilient mounting • of the membrane. • It is a high cost assembly and not widely
used. • Resilient furring channels generally used with wood framing.

24. 24. Concealed metal framework Concealed wooden framework

25. 25. Basic grid for gyp board false ceiling made of channel and holdfast

26. 26. Fixture detail at step (level difference at false ceiling)

27. 27. detail view support used to lift the

28. 28. Typical cross section Perimeter detail Method of fixing sections 3d view of joinery details

29. 29. Fixture of channels at corner fixing details

30. 30. WALL TO WALL FALSE CEILING - It is commonly used. this is a straight forward ceiling
with plane, curve, domed or angular shaped forms connecting all the walls. MATERIALS
mostly used in this category are pop, gypsum board, thermocol, extruded aluminium, ply
wood wooden panneling and ceiling tiles. PLASTER OF PARIS FALSE CEILING

31. 31. GYPSUM BOARDS HAVING DIFFERENT TEXTURES

32. 32. CENTRE ROSES

33. 33. WALL PANELS CAPITALS

34. 34. PROCESS OF PREPARATION OF P.O.P SHEET

35. 35. MODULAR CEILING – It comes in fix sizes of panels thus accommodating the lighting
system with the same, multiple or fractions of the modules. Acoustic tile is the best example
in this category. advantage is it offers flexibility in terms of change in lighting system, service
ducts and pipes that run below the primary ceiling without damaging the false ceiling.