COIR RELATED VALUE ADDED PRODUCTS TRAINING AT PILLAYARPATTI VILLAGE IN

THANJAVUR DISTRICT

Submitted to

KUNTHAVAI NAACCHIYAAR GOVERNMENT ARTS COLLEGE FOR WOMEN (A), THANJAVUR,

Partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the degree of

BACHELOR OF ARTS IN ECONOMICS

COIR RELATED VALUE ADDED PRODUCTS TRAINING AT PILLAYARPATTI VILLAGE IN

THANJAVUR DISTRICT

Submitted by
[Link] LAKSHMI- U22EC037
Under the supervision of

Dr. U. JAMUNA MA., [Link]., Ph.D., SET.

Guest Lecturer in Economics

Kunthavai Nachiyar Gornment Artrs College for Women (A) Thanjavur.

NOVEMBER -2024.
 CERTIFICATE

Hereby Certify that the internship report entitled “COIR RELATED VALUE
ADDED PRODUCTS TRAINING AT PILLAYARPATTI VILLAGE IN THANJAVUR DISTRICT
Submitted K. DIVYA ‒ U22 to the Bharathidasan university Trichirappalli for the partial
fulfillment of the Degree of Bachelor of Arts in Economics is the original work carried
out by them in the center from 02.09.2024 to 23.09.2024 under my supervision.
This report has not formed the basis fully or partially for the award of any degree,
diploma or other similar titles earlier and no part of the report has been published or
sent for publication at the time of submission.

INTERNAL HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT

 DECLARATION

We hereby declare that the internship report entitled “COIR RELATED VALUE
ADDED PRODUCTS TRAINING AT PILLAYARPATTI VILLAGE IN THANJAVUR “Submitted to
the Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, in partial fulfillment for the award of the
degree of Bachelor of Science in Economics is the original work carried out by us in
Department of COIR INDUSTRY REGIONAL EXTENSITION CENTRE in Thanjavur from
02.09.2024 to 23.09.2024 under the guidance of Dr. U. JAMUNA MA., [Link]., Ph.D.,
Guest lecturer, Department of Economics, Kunthavai Naacchiyaar Government Arts
College for Women (Autonomous), Thanjavur. It has nd formed the basis fully or
partially for the award of any Degree, Diploma or other similar titles and no part of the
report has been published or sent for publication at the time of submission.

[Link] LAKSHMI
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would like to express my deep sense of gratitude to [Link] Peter, M.A.,

M.A.,M.A ., [Link]., Ph.D., Principal, Kunthavai Naacchiyaar Government Arts College for
Women (Autonomous), Thanjavur for constantly encouraging me to complete the work
successfully.

I am profoundly grateful to Dr. D. Malarvizhi MA., [Link].,MBA., [Link]., Ph.D. SLET

Associate Professor Head Department of economics, Kunthavai Naacciyaar Government
Arts College Women (Autonomous), Thanjavur.

I am profoundly grateful to Dr.U. JAMUNA MA., [Link]. Ph.D SET. Guest Lecturer &
internal guide Department of economics, for his constant encouragement and support
throughout the course and for including internship program as a four credit course won has
provided an opportunity to gain practical working experiences in the organization

I would like to COIR INDUSTRY REGIONAL EXTENSION CENTRE in thanjavur. Finally, I

would like to extend my deep gratitude towards my family and my friends for their support
in carrying out this work successfully.

[Link]
LAKSHMI
CONTENT
 Company Information

 Introduction

 Internship description

 Subject of coir board Industry

 About weaving mats

 Coir pith

 Overview of internship

 Ongoing consideration

Company information

Coir board of India was established in 1954 under the coir industry act of 1953. The coir
board headquarters is in the city of cochin/Kochi Kerala. The main purpose of coir board is
to increase the promotion and development of coir products as well as export market of
coir and coir products in India as a whole.

The coir board industry primarily focuses on the production of boards made from coir
fiber, which is derived from coconut husk. Coir boards are known for the eco friendliness,
durability, and versatility. Here are some key points about the industry.

o Raw materials

o Productions process

o Applications

o Environmental benefits

o Market trends

o Challenges

o Regional insights

The coir board industry is poised for growth, driven by sustainability trends and the
increasing use of natural materials in various sectors.

Introduction:

The Coir board of India is a statutory body that promotes and develops the
coir(coconut fiber) industry in India.
 Research and development : The board conducts research and develops products and
machineries for coir.

Quality improvement: The board works to improve the quality of coir products.

Modernization: The board works to modernize the Coir industry.

Training: The board provides training for people working in coir industry.

Market promotion: The board promotes the market for coir products.

Welfare: The board works to improve the welfare of people working in the coir industry.

Export promotion: The board promotes the export of coir yarn and products.

Statistics: The board collects and maintenance statistics on the coir industry.

Government advice: The board advices the government of India on growth related matters.

Coir is one of the oldest industries in India. It contributes significantly to the

economy of the countries major coconut producing states i.e. Maharashtra, Karnataka,
Andhra Pradesh, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Goa, Assam, Orissa, Andaman and Nicobar,
Pondicherry, Lakshadweep, etc.

The coir board overseas research centers and aims to strengthen the industry
through various Social, Economic, and overall objectives.

The study reveals all existing coir industries are running on profit. The profit margin
revolves around 5% to 30%.

Economic Importance of Coir:

The major use of white coir is in rope manufacture. Mats of Owen coir fiber are
made from the finer grates of bristle and white fiber using hand or mechanical looms.
White coir is also is used to make fishing nets due to its strong resistance to salt water.

A major proportion of brown coir pads are sprayed with rubber late which born the
fibers together(rubberized coir) to be used as upholstery padding for the automobile
industry in Europe. The material is also used for insulation and packaging. The major use of
white coir is in rope manufacture

Coir is Eco- friendly

The benefits of coir is farming range from its sustainability to its pH levels. It is
also able to retain water and help farmers cut down on labor and watering expenses.

Coir improves air porosity in soils, even when wet, as well as improving moisture
retention. Since the coir pH is already neutral, you do not need to add lime to sweeten to
soil. It’s easier to re-wet after it dries out, which helps plants recover from dry conditions
quicker.
Subjects of Coir board industry:

 Fiber extraction

 Pith block making

 Automatic spinning machine

 Geotextiles

 Pith composting

 Garden articles

 Needle felt machine

 Weaving mats

 Handicraft

Fiber extraction:

Fiber extraction in the coir industry primarily involves the processing of coconut husk
to obtain coir fibers, which are used for various applications, including mats, ropes and
horticultural products. The extraction process generally includes the following steps:

 Coconut husk collection : Mature coconut husks are collected from coconut
 plantations.

 Retting: The husks are soaked in water for several weeks this process helps to
separate the fibers from the woody part of the husk.

 Decortication: After retting, the husks are mechanically processed to separate the
fiber from the pith. This can be done using manual methods or specialized machinery.

 Drying: The extracted fibers are then dried to reduce moisture content, making
them suitable for storage and further processing.

 Baling: The dried fibers are compressed into bales for easy transportation and sale .

 Further processing: Depending on the intended use, fibers may undergo additional
treatments, such as bleaching or dying.

Pith block making:

Pith block making involves processing the coir pith, a biometric product of the
coir fiber extraction process. Coir pith is the spongy materials that remains after
extracting fibers from coconut husks. Here’s an overview of the pith block making
process:

o Collection and preparation: Coir pith is collected after fiber extraction. It may
contain impurities, so it’s usually cleaned to remove any leftover fibers are
debris.

o Moisture control: The pith is often too wet after extraction. It needs to be
dried to a specific moisture content for effective block formation.

o Compression: Once dried, the pith is compacted the using a hydraulic press.
This step involves compressing the pith into dense blocks, typically in sizes
ranking from 1kg to 10kg, depending on market demand.

o Packaging: The compressed blocks are wrapped or packaged for distribution.

Proper packaging helps maintaining the integrity of the blocks during
transportation and storage.

o Usage: Coir pith blocks are popular in horticultural as a growing medium due
to their excellent water retention and aeration properties. They can be used
in gardening, potting mixes and hydroponics.

Automatic spinning machine :

An automatic spinning machine is designed for the production of yarn from

fibers, significantly enhancing efficiency and consistency in textile manufacturing. Here
are key aspects of automatic spinning machines.
  Ring spinning machines: Utilize a rotating ring to twist fibers into yarn. They are
known for producing fine and high quality yarn.

 Open end spinning machine: Use a rotor to spin fibers, allowing for faster
production of coarser yarns. This method is more efficient for bulk yarn
production.

 Air jet spinning machine: Employ air jets to twist fiber together, resulting in
lightweight and strong yarns

Geotextiles:

Geotextiles made from coir fibers are a sustainable eco friendly option in the
geotextiles market.

 Biodegradable: Coir geotextiles are made from natural coconut fibers,

making them environmentally and biodegradable.

 High strength: Coir fibers are known for their tensile strength and durability,
which provides effective support and stability in various applications.

 Water retention: This geotextiles can retain moisture and promoting

vegetation growth and preventing soil erosion.

 Natural Filteration : Coir geotextiles allow water to pass through while

filtering out soil particles, preventing sentiment lose.

Advantages:

 Sustainability

 Cost effectiveness

 Performance

Pith composting

Pith composting in the coir industry involves the processing of coir pith, the spongy
products left after extracting coir fibers from coconut husks. This materials rich in organic
content and is increasingly used for various applications, particularly in agriculture and
horticulture.
Garden articles:

Garden articles in the coir industry encompasses a variety of products made from coir
fibers and pith. Leveraging their natural properties for gardening and landscaping
applications. Here are some points:

 Coir pots: Biodegradable points made from coir fibers, ideal for starting seedlings,
They are allowed for good aeration and drainage while being environmentally friendly.

 Coir planting mats: Used for germination and routing, this mats provides a stable
growing medium retains moisture and promotes healthy route development.
  Coir grow bags: Often used in hydroponics and container garnering thee bags offers
excellent drainage and aeration, supporting plant growth.

 Coir mulch: Used as a top layer in gardens, coir mulch helps retain moisture,
suppress weeds, and improve soil health as it’s decomposed.

 Coir fibers baskets: These are used for hanging plants and aesthetic value while
providing a benefits of coir water retention.

Benefits of coir garden articles:

 Sustainability

 Water retention

 Soil improvement

 pH neutral

 Biodegradable

Needle felt machine

 A needle felt machine in the coir industry is used to produce non Owen fabric from coir
fibers though a process called needle punching. This method involves mechanically
entangling fibers to create dense, durable mats or felt.

 Fiber feeding: Coir fibers are fed into the machine, typically in a loose or patched
form.

 Carding: The fibers are carded to align and separate them, creating a uniform web of
fibers.

 Needle punching: A series of barbed needles are driven into the fiber w as a needles
penetrate, they entangled the fibers, bonding them together and farming a solid
mat.

 Thickness and density control: The machine allows for adjustment in speed and
needle penetration depth, enabling control over the thickness and density of the
final product.

 Finishing: The felt may undergo additional processes, such as cutting, trimming, or
surface treatment, depending on the intended application.
 Weaving mats

Weaving mats in the coir industry involves creating durable and versatility mats and
coir fibers, primarily derives from coconut husks.

Here an overview process.

 Fiber extraction: coir fibers are extracted from coconut husks through mechanical
re manual process. This includes retting decortication.

 Cleanings and preparation: The extracted fibers are cleaning to remove impurities,
and then they are sorted base quality and length.

 Spinning: The cleaned fibers are spun into yarn, which can vary in thickness and
strength depending on the desire end the product.

 Weaving: The spun coir yarn is woven using traditional looms are modern weaving
machine. Various patterns and designs can be created, market requirements.

 Finishing: The woven mats undergo treatments such as washing, dying or coating to
enhance their durability, color and resistance to environmental factors.

Handicrafts:

Handicraft in the coir industry involves the artisanal production of various products
made from coir fibers, showcasing traditional craftsmanship and sustainable practices.

 Coir mats and rugs: Hand woven mats and rugs are popular for their unique designs
and textures. Artisan create intricate patterns often reflecting cultural motifs.

 Baskets and containers : Coir fibers are used to make decorative and functional
 baskets for storage, shopping, or decorative purposes.

 Doormats: Customized doormats featuring personalized design are crafted by hand,

combining utility with artistry.

 Home décor items: Coir is used to create wall hangings, coasters, other decorative
pieces, often emphasizing eco friendly living

 Garden products: Handmade items such as planters and hanging pots leverage coir
natural properties, enhancing gardening aesthetics.

The coir board of a India’s mission is to promote the coir industry in India through
research and development, quality improvement, and training.

The board’s objectives include:

 Include productivity and quantity

Improve the quality and quantity of coir products.

 Using raw materials more efficiently

Promote the use of available raw materials

 Creating employment

Generate employment opportunities, especially for women in rural areas.

 Attracting entrepreneur
 Attract new entrepreneurs to the coir industry.

 Modernizing units

Modernizing existing coir units.

 Promoting information technology

Promote the development and installation of information technology

 Improve quality

Improve the quality of coir fiber, yarn, and products and coir products and
coir pith.

 Empowering women

Empower women through value addition of coir products and [Link]

wastage

Reducing wastage in the fiber extraction and manufacturing

process

Reasons to choose coir board industry

1. Unique industry exposure

2. Sustainability and Eco- Friendliness

3. Diverse product range

4. Rural Development focus

5. Skill development

6. Government backed organization

7. Social impact

8. Career prospects

We chose this organization because we find their mission to be important and relevant
to my career goals.

Internship description

Our role at coir board regional extension center was making coir related value product. In
coir board center I learn technical skills like, coir production process (fiber extraction,
spinning, weaving). Product development and design (coir mats, weaving mats) and pith
blocking method.
Pith composing

The process of making coir pith blocking involves several steps, including: Collecting

coconuts

 Removing the husk

  Soaking the husks

 Extracting the coir

 Washing

 Drying

 Sifting

 Compressing

 Quality checking

 Packaging and shipping

Overview of internship experience

During our internship experience with coir board industry.

We can able to develop our skills like making coir mats and weaving mat and pith
blocking. We particularly found the making process of coir pith.

It will help us to improve our skills. Although we found this experience to be

challenging, we found it to be valuable in developing our skills.

Ongoing Consideration

While we had many useful experience at coir board industry, I feel that we still
need to develop our confidence level with making weaving mat. We would enjoying
more time completing the mats. In conclusion we develop our skills and ready to be
an entrepreneur and create a employment for others.

CONCLUSION

As the conclusion the period of training and the experience we learned from the coir
value added products center is the most valuable thing for me.

The new technique and methods of making a coir produts elaborate my knowledge
about the coir product Because of this new technique and technology, I can improve my
skills.

➤ And I know about the importance of the coir production and also how to solve the
risk Involved in production, These things are given me the adequate.

➤ Knowledge about the Value added products in the coir production technology.
 ➤ The coir production sector is of vital importance for the region.
➤ The in-house training conducted by us is located at coir industry regional extension
center in Pillayarpatti village in thanjavur district.
Tamil Nadu, India.

➤ We were trained from 02/09/2024 to 23/09/2024 of the above institute, under

the leadership of director of the institute, we were imparted training courses on coir
production.

➤Our field work training with the coir sector was an valuable experience.

➤ we gained detailed insight into the complexities of coir production and

theImportance of sustainable practices

➤ As the conclusion the period of training and the experience I learned from the coir
products is the most valuable thing for me.

In this Internship programmer I have more knowledge with about coir industrỵ .