SEXUAL REPRODUCTION IN FLOWERING PLANTS 1

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SEXUAL REPRODUCTION
IN FLOWERING PLANTS
1
TREND ANALYSIS NEET

Past Year - No. of MCQs

2021 (G) 2022 (G) 2022 (A) 2022 (M) 2023 (Ma) 2023 (M) 2024 (Jh) 2024 (M)

[CATEGORY NAME]-2 2021 (G)- [VALUE]

[CATEGORY NAME]-
3 [CATEGORY NAME] -
3

[CATEGORY NAME]-3
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NCERTBASED TOPIC WISE PRACTICEQUESTIONS

FLOWER
1. Diversity of structure of the inflorescences, flower and floral parts. [2301001]
(1) Are responsible for making our garden beautiful
(2) Ensure self-pollination
(3) Are adaptations to ensure formation of end products of sexual reproduction
(4) Ensure anemophily
2. Which of the following is false? [2301002]
(1) Flowers do not exist only for us to be used for our own selfishness
(2) All flowering plants show sexual reproduction
(3) Gymnosperms, being nonflowering, do not show sexual reproduction
(4) Flowers are objects to aesthetic, ornamental, social, religious and cultural value
3. The proximal part of the filament of stamen is attached to:- [2301003]
(1) Thalamus or the petal (2) Sepals or thalamus
(3) Pedicel or petiole (4) Ovary or ovule
4. Identify 1 to 4 – [2301004]

A B C D
(1) Anther Petiole Pollen sac Megas pore
(2) Anther Petiole Megasporangium Pollen granis
(3) Anther Pedicel MegaspoRangium Pollen granis
(4) Anther Filament Pollen sac Pollen granis
5. Which of the following is part of sporophyte? [2301005]
(1) Leaf of angiosperm (2) Root of angiosperm
(3) Stem of angiosperm (4) All of the above
6. In the flower, the male and female reproductive structures are the _______ and the ______ respectively. [2301006]
(1) Androecium and Gynoecium (2) Gynoecium and Androecium
(3) Gametophyte and Sporophyte (4) Sporophyte and Gametophyte
7. Whorl of stamen is ________ [2301007]
(1) Androecium (2) Gynoecium (3) Staminode (4) Anther

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STAMEN, MICROSPORANGIUM

8. Mark the incorrect statement. [2301008]

(1) The number and length of the stamens are variable in flowers of different species
(2) Anther is terminal generally bilobed structure
(3) Filament is long and slender stalk
(4) A typical angiosperm anther is bilobed with each lobe having one theca.
9. In anther often a longitudinal groove runs in lengthwise separating the ____ [2301009]
(1) Lobe (2) Groove (3) Theca (4) Anther
10. The above diagram refers to a T.S. of anther. Identify A to E respectively– [2301010]

A B C D E
(1) Sporogenous tissue, tapetum, epidermis, middle layer, endothecium
(2) Sporogenous tissue, epidermis, tapetum, middle later, endothecium
(3) Sporogenous tissue, epidermis, middle layer, tapetum, endothecium
(4) Sporogenous tissue, tapetum, middle layer, episermis, endothecium
11. The below given diagram is an enlarged view of one microsporangium of a matured anther.
Identify A, B, and C. [2301011]

(1) A – Middle layer, B– Endothecium, C–Tapetum (2) A-Endothecium, B-Tapetum, C-Middle layer
(3) A-Endothecium, B-Middle layer, C-Tapetum (4) A-Tapetum, B-Middle layer, C- Endothecium
12. Each cell of sporogenous tissue in anther is. [2301012]
(1) Microspore (2) Pollen
(3) Potential pollen or microspore mother cell (4) Megaspore mother cell

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13. Which of the following is incorrectly matched? [2301013]

(1) Microsporangia – circular (2) Anther – Tetragonal
(3) Epidermis – Protection (4) Middle layer – Multinucleated

POLLEN GRAIN

14. 'Pollen grains are generally ____________in outline measuring _____________micrometers in diameter. [2301014]
(1) Spherical, 25-50 (2) Oblong, 25-50 (3) Oval, 10-25 (4) Spherical, 75-100
15. The vegetative cell is. [2301015]
(1) Small, has large irregularly shaped nucleus (2) Large, has large irregularly shaped nucleus
(3) Large with spindle shaped nucleus (4) Small, spindle shaped nucleus
16. Male gametophyte is also known as. [2301016]
(1) Pollen tube (2) Stigma (3) Placenta or funiculus (4) Pollen grains
17. The most resistant organic material known which makes up the outermost layer of pollen wall is. [2301017]
(1) Pectin (2) Cellulose (3) Sporopollenin (4) Lignin
18. Choose the correct option w.r.t. the function of the germ pore. [2301018]
(1) It allows growth of pollen tube (2) It allows water absorption in seed
(3) It helps dehiscence of pollen grain (4) More than one option is correct
19. The thin and continuous wall layer of pollen is. [2301019]
(1) Exine (2) Intine (3) Germ pore (4) Endothecium
20. The two-celled stage of mature pollen grain consists of. [2301020]
(1) Vegetative cell, generative cell (2) Vegetative cell, one male gamete
(3) Two male gametes (4) Generative cell, one male gamete
21. In 40% angiosperms, the pollen grains are shed at. [2301021]
(1) Four-celled stage (2) Three-celled stage (3) Two-celled stage (4) Five-celled stage
22. Pollen grains are well preserved as fossils because of presence of. [2301022]
(1) Exine and intine (2) Sporopollenin
(3) Low temperature of environment (4) Pectin and cellulose
23. Which of the following is not feature of exine? [2301023]
(1) Made up of resistant organic material (2) Continuous layer
(3) Discontinuous layer (4) Made up of sporopollenin
24. The vegetative cell of pollen grain have all feature, except [2301024]
(1) Irregular shape of nucleus (2) Large size
(3) Abundant food reserve (4) Spindle shape cell
25. In the ________of pollen grain prominent aperture called germpore is _______ where sporopollenin
is________ [2301025]
(1) Intine, present, absent (2) Exine, present, absent
(3) Exine, absent, present (4) Intine, absent, present
26. Pollen grains of different species show characteristic difference in– [2301026]
(1) Shapes, size and colours only (2) Shapes, sizes, colours and ploidy only
(3) Shapes, sizes, colour and design only (4) Ploidy only
27. As the anthers mature and dehydrate, the _____ separate from each other and develop into– [2301027]
(1) Megaspore, embryo sac (2) Microspores, pollen grains
(3) Pollen grains, megaspores (4) Megaspores, microspores
28. From given– Middle layer, vegetative cell, PMC, Sporogenous tissue, Generative cell, Spore– How many is
haploid: [2301028]
(1) Two (2) Three (3) Four (4) One
29. Irregularly shaped nucleus is present in: [2301029]
(1) Tapetum (2) Vegetative cell (3) Generative cell (4) Middle layer

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30. Which of the following is gametophytic in nature: [2301030]

(1) Intine (2) Vegetative cell (3) Generative cell (4) All of these
31. Which of the following is incorrectly matched? [2301031]
(1) Microsporangia – circular (2) Anther – Tetragonal
(3) Epidermis – Protection (4) Middle layer – Multinucleated
32. Pollen kit present in pollen grain of. [2301032]
(1) Wind pollinated plant (2) Insect pollinated plant
(3) Water pollinated plant (4) All of the above

MEGASPORANGIUM, EMBRYO SAC

33. The two-celled stage of mature pollen grain consists of [2301033]

(1) Vegetative cell, generative cell (2) Vegetative cell, one male gamete
(3) Two male gametes (4) Generative cell, one male gamete
34. The placenta is located....... [2301034]
(1) Inside the ovarian cavity. (2) Outside the ovarian cavity.
(3) Both of the above. (4) None of the above.
35. The number of ovules in an ovary of paddy may be... [2301035]
(1) More than one (2) One (3) Two (4) Four
36. Hilum is known as [2301036]
(1) A place where ovule fuses with funicle. (2) Basal part of the ovule.
(3) A place where ovule attached to the placenta. (4) None of the above.
37. Apocarpous condition is [2301037]
(1) When there are more than one, the pistils may be free.
(2) When there are more than one, the pistils may be fused together.
(3) Both (1) and (2) (4) None of the above.
38. In angiosperms, microsporogenesis and megasporo-genesis [2301038]
(1) Involve meiosis (2) Occur in ovule
(3) Occur in anther (4) Form gametes without further divisions.
39. In angiosperms, how many megaspore mother cells are required to produce 600 functional megaspores? [2301039]
(1) 600 (2) 150 (3) 2400 (4) 200
40. Which of the following sequence of development of embryo sac/ female gametophyte is correct? [2301040]
(1) Nucellus → Megaspore → Embryo sac
(2) Nucellus → Megaspore mother cell → Megaspore → embryo sac
(3) Nucellus → Megasporangium → Megaspore → Embryo sac
(4) Nucellus → Megagametophyte → Megaspore → Embryo sac
41. [2301041]

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The diagram above shows megasporogenesis and development of typical female gametophyte in angiosperms. In
which of the following options all divisions (𝐷1 to 𝐷5 ) and structure (S) are correctly identified?
D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 S
(1) Meiosis I Meiosis II Mitosis Mitosis Mitosis Micro gametophyte
(2) Meiosis I Meiosis II Mitosis Mitosis Mitosis Embryo
(3) Meiosis I Meiosis II Mitosis Mitosis Mitosis Embryo sac
(4) Mitosis Meiosis Mitosis Mitosis Mitosis Embryo sac
42. The ploidy levels of the cells of the nucellus, MMC, the functional megaspore and female gametophyte– [2301042]
(1) 2N, N, 2N, N (2) N, N, 2N, N (3) 2N, 2N, N, N (4) N, 2N, 2N, N
43. For the formation of embryo sac, the megaspore mother cell undergoes. [2301043]
(1) Two meiotic and two mitotic divisions (2) One meiotic and three mitotic divisions
(3) Two meiotic divisions (4) One meiotic and two mitotic divisions

POLLEN ALLERGY AND USES

44. Which of the following is correct about Parthenium (Carrot grass)? [2301044]
(1) Parthenium came into India as a contaminant with imported wheat
(2) It has become ubiquitous in occurrence (3) It causes pollen allergy
(4) All of the above
45. It has become a fashion in recent years to use ______ tablets as food supplements. In western countries, a large
number of ____ products in the form of tablets and syrups are available in the market ____consumption has been
claimed to increase the performance of athletes and race horses. [2301045]
(1) Aril, latex, resin (2) Pollen, pollen, pollen
(3) Pollen, megaspore, pills (4) Integument, endothelial, exudation
46. Pollen grains can be stored in liquid nitrogen at – [2301046]
0 0 0 0
(1) 70 C (2) 100 C (3) – 196 C (4) 0 C
47. Which of the following is a mismatched pair? [2301047]
0
(1) Storage of pollen grains: –196 C
(2) Pollen allergy: Carrot grass
(3) Chasmogamous flowers: Exposed anthers and stigmas
(4) Xenogamy: Self-pollination
48. Which of the following plants produce(s) chasmogamous and cleistogamous flowers? [2301048]
(1) Viola (Common pansy) (2) Oxalis
(3) Commelina (4) All

POLLINATION & ITS TYPES

49. Transfer of pollen grains from anther to the stigma of another flower of same plant is– [2301049]
(1) Geitonogamy (2) Xenogamy (3) Autogamy (4) Cleistogamy
50. Geitonogamy is.
(1) Functionally cross pollination involving a pollinating agent [2301050]
(2) Genetically it is similar to autogamy since the pollen grains come from the same plant
(3) Functionally and genetically autogamy
(4) Both (1) and (2) are correct
51. Which of the following is false about xenogamy? [2301051]
(1) It is the transfer of pollen grains from anther to stigma of another plant of the same species
(2) It produces genetic variation
(3) It is genetically and ecologically (= functionally) cross pollination
(4) It occurs in cleistogamous flowers

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52. Go through the following statements [2301052]

I. Flowers are bisexual and homogamous maturing anther and stigma of a flower at the same time.
II. Mechanical devices bringing anthers and stigma close together in a bisexual chasmogamous flowers
III. Cleistogamy (bisexual flowers remain closed)
IV. Anther and stigma of an intersexual flower mature in bud condition
The above contrivance favour
(1) Allogamy (2) Autogamy (3) Xenogamy (4) Cross pollination
53. The given figure shows the plant of Commelinawith two types of flowers (𝐹1 and 𝐹2 ). The flowers are–[2301053]
𝑭𝟏 𝑭𝟐
(1) Neutral Staminate
(2) Cleistogamous Chasmogamous
(3) Chasmogamous Cleistogamous
(4) Cryptogamous Ovulate

54. Which of the following statements is correct? [2301054]

(1) Majority of plants use biotic agents for pollination
(2) Pollination by wind is more common among abiotic pollinations
(3) Pollination by water is quite rare in flowering plants
(4) All
55. Go through the following statements [2301055]
I. Flowers are small. They are often packed in inflorescence
II. Flowers are colourless, nectarless and odourless
III. Well exposed stamens
IV. Pollen grains – produced in large number, light, non-sticky
V. Flowers often have a single ovule in each ovary
VI. Stigma – large, often feathery
The above contrivances favour.
(1) Self pollination (2) Anemophily (pollination by wind)
(3) Ornithophily (pollination by birds) (4) Entomophily (pollination by insects)
56. Which of the following is false? [2301056]
(1) Wind –pollination is quite common in grasses
(2) Hydrophily is limited to about 30 genera mostly monocots
(3) Both wind and water pollinated flowers are not very colourful and do not produce nectar
(4) None of the above
57. Long silky hair coming out of the cob of maize is. [2301057]
(1) Meant for fruit dispersal (2) Meant for attracting insects
(3) Meant for protecting seeds (4) Long styles and stigma

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POLLEN PISTIL AND DOUBLE FERTILIZATION

58. Identify A, B, C and D structures shown in above diagram of female gametyte. [2301058]

A B C D
(1) Synergid Polar nuclei Central cell Antipodal cells
(2) Antipodal cells Polar nuclei Central cell Synergids
(3) Antipodal cells Polar nuclei Megaspore mother cell Synergids
(4) Filiform apparatus Polar nuclei Central cell Antipodal cell
59. Which of the following options is correct? [2301059]
(1) Pollination gives the guarantee of the promotion of post-pollination events that lead to fertilisation.
(2) The events – “from pollen deposition on stigma until pollen tubes enter the ovule” are together referred to as pollen-
pistil interaction.
(3) Pollen-pistil interaction is a dynamic process involving pollen recognition followed by only promotion
(not rejection) of the pollen.
(4) Pistil has no ability to recognise the pollen, whether right or wrong type.
60. The ability of the pistil to recognize the pollen followed by its acceptance or rejection is the result of a continuous
dialogue between pollen grain and the pistil. This dialogue is mediated by chemical components of the pollen
interacting with those of the pistil. Which of the following chemicals mainly takes part in the interaction. [2301060]
(1) Nucleotides (2) Proteins (3) Minerals (4) Lipid or inulin
61. Identify A, B, C, D and E. [2301061]

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A B C D E
(1) Antipodal cells Secondary nuclei Stigma Style Chalaza
(2) Antipodal cells Secondary nuclei Style Stigma Chalaza
(3) Antipodal cells Secondary nuclei Stigma Chalaz Style
(4) Antipodal cells Secondary nuclei Chalaza Stigma Style

62. Identify the components labeled A, B, C and D in the diagram above from the list I to VIII given along with
components. [2301062]
I. Micropyle
II. Chalaza
III. Central cell
IV. PEN
V. PEC
VI. Megaspore
VII. Degenerating Synergid
VIII. Degenerating antipodal cell
IX. Polar nuclei
The correct components are.
A B C D
(1) I VIII II III
(2) II VIII III I
(3) VI IV VII III
(4) VII IV VIII V
63. In a fertilised ovule, n, 2n and 3n conditions occur respectively in. [2301063]
(1) Antipodals, zygote, endosperm (2) Megaspore mother cell, nucellus, endosperm
(3) Egg, nucellus, microspore (4) Endosperm, micropyle, egg
64. Double fertilisation is [2301064]
(1) Fusion of two male gametes with one egg
(2) Fusion of one male gamete with two polar nuclei
(3) Fusion of two male gametes of a pollen tube with two different eggs
(4) Synagmy and triple fusion
65. The events in pollen-pistil interaction are given below [2301065]
(i) Pollen grain germinates to form pollen tube.
(ii) Pollen tube enters the ovule through micropyle.
(iii) Pollen grain reaches the stigma
(iv) Pollen tube grows through the tissues of stigma and style and reaches the ovary.
The sequential order of their occurrence is
(1) (iii) → (i) → (iv) → (ii) (2) (ii) → (iv) → (iii) → (i)
(3) (iii) → (iv) → (ii) → (i) (4) (ii) → (iii) → (i) → (iv)
66. What is the genetic importance of outcrossing? [2301066]
(1) Outcrossing is a characteristic of pollinators
(2) Outcrossing increases genetic diversity in a pop-ulation
(3) Outcrossing increases the chances of sterility
(4) Outcrossing promotes inbreeding in a population
67. In which part of a flower do both meiosis and fertilization occur? [2301067]
(1) Ovule (2) Stigma (3) Anther (4) Petal
68. Emasculated flowers have to be covered to prevent contamination of its stigma with unwanted pollen. This process is
called.... [2301068]
(1) Packing (2) Covering (3) Bagging (4) Removing

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69. Which of the following is correct? [2301069]

(1) Double fertilization – characteristic of angiosperms
(2) Double fertilization or triple fusion was discovered by Nawaschin
(3) Pollen tube shows tip growth and chemotropic movement
(4) All of the above
70. After triple fusion central cell changes into. [2301070]
(1) Embryo (2) Embryo sac
(3) Primary endosperm cell (PEC) (4) Primary endosperm nucleus
71. Secondary nucleus is formed by [2301071]
(1) Antipodal cells (2) Egg apparatus
(3) Synergids (4) Two polar nuclei
72. Product of sexual reproduction generally generates: [2301072]
(1) Longer viability of seeds (2) Prolonged dormancy
(3) New genetic combination leading to variation (4) Large biomass
73. [2301073]
Identify A, B, C, D and E structures shown in figure of a female
gametophyte-
(1) A- Antipodal cells, B-Central cells, C-Polar nuclei, D-Synergids,
E-Acrosome
(2) A- Antipodal cells, B-Central cells, C-Polar nuclei, D-Synergids,
E-Filiform apparatus
(3) A- Synergids, B-Central cells, C-Polar nuclei, D-Antipodal cells,
E- Filiform apparatus
(4) A- Synergids, B-Megaspore mother cell, C-Polar nuclei, D-Synergids,
E- Filiform apparatus

ENDOSPERM

74. In the grass family the cotyledon is called.... [2301074]

(1) Coleorrhiza (2) Scutellum (3) Coleoptile (4) Epicotyls
75. Endosperm in angiosperms is formed from secondary nucleus. [2301075]
(1) After fertilization but prior to embryogenesis
(2) Before fertilization but after embryogenesis
(3) As post-fertilization and post-embryogenetic tissue
(4) As pre-fertilization and pre-embryogenetic tissue
76. Go through the following diagram. [2301076]

X is.
(1) Cellular endosperm (2) Nuclear endosperm
(3) Helobial endosperm (4) Ruminate endosperm

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77. Nuclear or cellular nature of endosperm can be known at a. [2301077]

(1) Mature stage (2) Cordate stage of embryo
(3) First and subsequent division of PEN (4) Beginning of division in embryo
78. Endosperm is completely consumed by developing embryo before seed maturation of exalbuminous/non-endospermic
seeds are found in. [2301078]
(1) Pea, ground nut, beans (2) Coconut, castor
(3) Maize, wheat (4) Coconut, wheat

EMBRYO

79. Epicotyl has a shoot apex and a few leaf primordia enclosed in a hollow foliar structure, the ...... [2301079]
(1) Coleoptile (2) Coleorrhiza (3) Scutellum (4) Epicotyl
80. Diagram given below shows state in embryogenesis in a typical dicot (Capsella). Identify structures
A to D respectively. [2301080]

(1) Suspensor, Radicle, Plumule, Cotyledons

(2) Hypophysis, Radicle, Plumule, Cotyledons
(3) Suspensor, Plumule, Radicle, Cotyledons
(4) Suspensor, Radicle, Plumule, Hypocotyls
81. [2301081]

(1) A-Plumule, shoot system formation, B-Radicle, root system formation, C-Hypophysis, formation of radicle
(2) A-Plumule, shoot system formation, B-Radicle, root system formation, C-Cotyledon, food storage
(3) A-Radicle, root system formation, B-Plumule, shoot system formation, C-Cotyledon, food storage
(4) A-Radicle, root system formation, B-Plumule, shoot system formation, C-Endosperm, food storage

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82. Which of the sequences is correct for embryogenesis in dicots? [2301082]

(1) Zygote → Globular stage →Proembryo → Heart shaped stage → Matured embryo
(2) Zygote → Heart shaped stage → Globular stage → Matured embryo
(3) Zygote → Proembryo → Heart shaped stage → Globular stage → Matured embryo
(4) Zygote → Proembryo → Globular stage → Heart shaped stage → Matured embryo
83. [2301083]

Consider rod like structure as embryonal axis. X is the region at which cotyledon is attached. Identify regions A and B
respectively.
(1) Epicotyl, Hypocotyl (2) Hypocotyl, Epicotly
(3) Epicotyl, Mesocotyl (4) Mesocotyl, Hypocotyl
84. Aleurone layer takes part in. [2301084]
(1) Protection of delicate embryo (2) Store protein
(3) Transfer of food to cotyledons (4) Is also called scutellum

SEED

85. During germination, micropyle of seeds takes part in. [2301085]

(1) Forming weak point for emergence of radicle
(2) Entry of water and oxygen
(3) Passage of gasses
(4) Leaching inhibitors
86. Which are the external conditions required for seed germination. [2301086]
(1) Oxygen, carbon dioxide and suitable temperature
(2) Oxygen, light and suitable temperature
(3) Light, moisture and suitable temperature
(4) Oxygen, moisture and suitable temperature
87. Seed dormancy allows the plants to. [2301087]
(1) Overcome unfavourable climate conditions (2) Develop healthy seeds
(3) Reduce viability (4) Prevent deterioration of seeds
88. Albuminous/endospermic seeds are. [2301088]
(1) Coconut, castor, sunflower (2) Bean, pea
(3) Groundnut, pea (4) None
89. Which of the following will lose its economic value if fruits are produced through parthenocarpy. [2301089]
(1) Citrus (2) Banana (3) Grape (4) Pomegranate

FRUIT

90. In most plants; the fruit develops from the ovary, other parts degenerate and fall off such fruits are called. [2301090]
(1) False fruits (2) True fruits
(3) Parthenocarpic fruit (4) None of the above
91. False fruits (thalamus also contributes to fruit formation) are found in. [2301091]
(1) Apple and pear (2) Strawberry (3) Cashew nut (4) All

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92. Which of the following statement is correct? [2301092]

(1) Parthenocarpic fruits (seedless fruits) develop without fertilization e.g. banana.
(2) Parthenocarpy can be induced by hormones
(3) Seed is the basis of our agriculture
(4) All

APOMIXES AND POLYEMBRYONY

93. Which of the following is crucial for storage of seeds to be used as food throughout the year and to raise crops in the
next season? [2301093]
(1) Abundant water in seeds (2) Dehydration and dormancy of matured seeds
(3) Least amount of food in seeds (4) Presence of endospermous food in all seeds
94. Hybrid seeds have to be produced every year because. [2301094]
(1) Hybrid plants become sterile in coming year
(2) They show more heterosis in coming year
(3) Hybrid vigour is not maintained beyond one generation as segregation of genes occurs in the second generation
(4) Hybrid seed industry tends to increase cost of the seeds
95. Active research is going on in many laboratories around the world to understand the genetics of apomixis. What is the
purpose of such active research? [2301095]
(1) Hybrid plants are directly formed by apomixis
(2) Apomixis is the method to produce seed without fertilisation
(3) To transfer apomictic genes into hybrid varieties which will prevent loss of hybrid vigour with successive year
(4) Apomixis produces genetically different individuals
96. Which of the following conditions show that the embryo of the seed is entering the state of dormancy. [2301096]
i. Dry weight of seed is increasing
ii. Water content is reducing
iii. The general metabolic activity of embryo is slowing down.
iv. Oxygen consumption of seed is increasing.
(1) i and ii (2) ii and iii (3) i, ii and iv (4) iii and iv
97. Occurrence of more than one embryo in a seed is referred to as. [2301097]
(1) Polyembryony (2) Parthenocarpy (3) Amphimixis (4) Parthenogenesis
98. Choose the correct option from the following statements. [2301098]
I. Apomixis is form of asexual reproduction which mimics sexual reproduction.
II. In Apomixis seeds develop either from diploid egg cell or from cells of nucellus.
[Link] collected from hybrids plant maintain hybrid character for a longer times.
IV. In Apomixis, there is segregation of characters.
(1) All are correct (2) All are incorrect
(3) Only I and II are correct (4) Only II and IV are correct
99. Adventive embryony in Citrus is due to [2301099]
(1) Nucellus (2) Synergids (3) Zygotic embryo (4) Fertilized egg
100. The polyembryony commonly occurs in [2301100]
(1) Tomato (2) Potato (3) Citrus (4) Turmeric
101. In a type of apomixis known as adventive embryony, embryos develop directly from the [2301101]
(1) Nucellus or integuments (2) Zygote
(3) Synergids or antipodals in an embryosac (4) Accessory embryo sacs in the ovule
102. Perispermic seeds are [2301102]
(1) Castor, sunflower (2) Black pepper, beet (3) Maize, beet (4) Barley, maize
103. The ploidy level of nucellus and female gametophyte respectively is [2301103]
(1) n, n (2) n, 2n (3) 2n, n (4) 2n, 2n

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SEXUAL REPRODUCTION IN FLOWERING PLANTS 15

104. An angiospermic plant is having 24 chromosomes in its leaf cells. The number of chromosomes present in
synergid, pollen grain, nucellus & endosperm will be respectively [2301104]
(1) 12, 12, 12, 72 (2) 8, 8, 12, 36 (3) 12, 12, 24, 36 (4) 12, 12, 12, 36
105. Perisperm differs from endosperm in [2301105]
(1) Having no reserve food
(2) Being a diploid tissue
(3) Its formation by fusion of secondary nucleus with several sperms
(4) Being a haploid tissue
106. Apomictic embryos in Citrus arise from. [2301106]
(1) Diploid egg (2) Synergids
(3) Maternal sporophytic tissue in ovule (4) Antipodal cells
107. What would be the number of chromosomes in the cells of the aleurone layer in a plant species with 8chromosomes in
its synergids? [2301107]
(1) 16 (2) 24 (3) 32 (4) 8
108. In a cereal grain the single cotyledon of embryo is represented by. [2301108]
(1) Coleorhiza (2) Scutellum (3) Prophyll (4) Coleoptile
109. If an angiospermic male plant is diploid and female plant tetraploid, the ploidy level of endosperm will be.[2301109]
(1) Tetraploid (2) Pentaploid (3) Haploid (4) Triploid
110. Which one of the following pairs of plant structures has haploid number of chromosomes? [2301110]
(1) Egg nucleus and secondary nucleus (2) Megaspore mother cell and antipodal cells
(3) Egg cell and antipodal cells (4) Nucellus and antipodal cells

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BIOLOGY CLASS - 12
SEXUAL REPRODUCTION IN FLOWERING PLANTS 16

NCERT BASED TOPIC WISE QUESTIONS-KEY ANSWERS

1) 3 2) 3 3) 1 4) 4 5) 4 6) 1 7) 1 8) 4 9) 3 10) 1
11) 3 12) 3 13) 4 14) 1 15) 2 16) 4 17) 3 18) 1 19) 2 20) 1
21) 2 22) 2 23) 2 24) 4 25) 2 26) 3 27) 2 28) 2 29) 2 30) 4
31) 4 32) 2 33) 1 34) 1 35) 2 36) 1 37) 1 38) 1 39) 1 40) 2
41) 3 42) 3 43) 2 44) 4 45) 2 46) 3 47) 4 48) 4 49) 1 50) 4
51) 4 52) 2 53) 3 54) 4 55) 2 56) 4 57) 4 58) 1 59) 2 60) 2
61) 1 62) 4 63) 1 64) 4 65) 1 66) 2 67) 1 68) 3 69) 4 70) 3
71) 4 72) 3 73) 2 74) 2 75) 1 76) 2 77) 3 78) 1 79) 1 80) 1
81) 2 82) 4 83) 1 84) 2 85) 2 86) 4 87) 1 88) 1 89) 4 90) 2
91) 4 92) 4 93) 2 94) 3 95) 3 96) 2 97) 1 98) 3 99) 1 100) 3
101) 1 102) 2 103) 3 104) 3 105) 2 106) 3 107) 2 108) 2 109) 2 110) 3

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SEXUAL REPRODUCTION IN FLOWERING PLANTS 17

NCERTEXAMPLER QUESTIONS
NCERT EXEMPLAR QUESTIONS

111. Among the terms listed below, the below options which are not technically correct names for a floral whorl
are. [2301111]
i. Androecium ii. Carpel iii. Corolla iv. Sepal
(1) i and iv (2) iii and iv (3) ii and iv (4) i and ii
112. Embryo sac is to ovule as ________ is to an anther. [2301112]
(1) Stamen (2) Filament (3) Pollen grain (4) Androecium
113. In a typical, complete, bisexual and hypogynous flower, the arrangement of floral whorls on the thalamus from the
outermost to the inner most is. [2301113]
(1) Calyx, corolla, androecium and gynoecium (2) Calyx, corolla, gynoecium and androecium
(3) Gynoecium, androecium, corolla and calyx (4) Androecium, gynoecium, corolla and calyx
114. A dicotyledonous plant bears flowers but never produces fruits and seeds. The most probable cause for the above
situation is. [2301114]
(1) The plant is dioecious and bears only pistillate flowers
(2) The plant is dioecious and bears both pistillate and staminate flowers
(3) The plant is monoecious.
(4) The plant is dioecious and bears only staminate flowers.
115. The outermost and innermost wall layers of microsporangium in an anther are respectively [2301115]
(1) Endothecium and tapetum (2) Epidermis and endodermis
(3) Epidermis and middle layer (4) Epidermis and tapetum
116. During microsporogenesis, meiosis occurs in. [2301116]
(1) Endothecium (2) Microspore mother cells
(3) Microspore tetrads (4) Pollen grains
117. From among the sets of terms given below, identify those that are associated with the gynoecium. [2301117]
(1) Stigma, ovule, embryo sac, placenta (2) Thalamus, pistil, style, ovule
(3) Ovule, ovary, embryo sac, tapetum (4) Ovule, stamen, ovary, embryo sac
118. Starting from the innermost part, the correct sequence of parts in an ovule are. [2301118]
(1) Egg, nucellus, embryo sac, integument (2) Egg, embryo sac, nucellus, integument
(3) Embryo sac, nucellus, integument, egg (4) Egg, integument, embryo sac, nucellus
119. From the statements given below, choose the options that are true for a typical female gametophyte of a flowering
plant. [2301119]
i. It is 8-nucleate and 7-celled at maturity.
ii. It is free-nuclear during the development.
iii. It is situated inside the integument but outside the nucellus.
iv. It has an egg apparatus situated at the chalazal end.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
(1) i, ii and iii (2) i, iii and iv (3) i, ii, and iv (4) ii, iii and iv
120. Autogamy can occur in a chasmogamous flower if. [2301120]
(1) Pollen matures before the maturity of ovule. (2) Ovules mature before the maturity of pollen.
(3) Both pollen and ovules mature simultaneously. (4) Both anther and stigma are of equal lengths.
121. Choose the correct statement from the following: [2301121]
(1) Cleistogamous flowers always exhibit autogamy.
(2) Chasmogamous flowers always exhibit geitonogamy.
(3) Cleistogamous flowers exhibit both autogamy and geitonogamy.
(4) Chasmogamous flowers never exhibit autogamy.

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SEXUAL REPRODUCTION IN FLOWERING PLANTS 18

122. A particular species of plant produces light; non-sticky pollen in large numbers and its stigmaare long and feathery.
These modifications facilitate pollination by. [2301122]
(1) Insects (2) Water (3) Wind (4) Animals
123. From among the situations given below, choose the one that prevents both autogamy and geitonogamy. [2301123]
(1) Monoecious plant bearing unisexual flowers. (2) Dioecious plant bearing only male or female flowers.
(3) Monoecious plant with bisexual flowers. (4) Dioecious plant with bisexual flowers.
124. In a fertilized embryo sac, the haploid, diploid and triploid structures are. [2301124]
(1) Synergid, zygote and primary endosperm nucleus. (2) Synergid, antipodal and polar nuclei.
(3) Antipodal, synergid and primary endosperm nucleus. (4) Synergid, polar nuclei and zygote.
125. In an embryo sac, the cells that degenerate after fertilization are. [2301125]
(1) Synergid and primary endosperm nucleus cell (2) Synergid and antipodal
(3) Antipodal and primary endosperm nucleus cell (4) Egg and antipodals
126. While planning for an artificial hybridization programme involving dioecious plants, which of the following steps
would not be relevant? [2301126]
(1) Bagging of female flower (2) Dusting of pollen on stigma
(3) Emasculation (4) Collection of pollen
127. In the embryos of a typical dicot and a grass, the true homologous structures are. [2301127]
(1) Coleorhiza and coleoptiles (2) Coleoptile and scutellum
(3) Cotylendons and scutellum (4) Hypocotyl and radical
128. The phenomenon observed in some plants where in the parts of the sexual apparatus used for forming embryos without
fertilization is called. [2301128]
(1) Parthenocarpy (2) Apomixis (3) Vegetative propagation (4) Sexual reproduction
129. In a flower, if the megaspore mother cell forms megaspores without undergoing meiosis and if one of the megaspores
develops into an embryo sac, its nuclei would be. [2301129]
(1) Haploid (2) Diploid
(3) A few haploid and a few diploid (4) With varying ploidy
130. The phenomenon where in, the ovary develops into a fruit without fertilization is called. [2301130]
(1) Parthenocarpy (2) Apomixis
(3) Asexual reproduction (4) Sexual reproduction

NCERT EXAMPLER QUESTIONS-KEY ANSWERS

111. (3) 112. (3) 113. (1) 114. (4) 115. (4) 116. (2) 117. (1)
118. (2) 119. (3) 120. (3) 121. (1) 122. (3) 123. (2) 124. (1)
125. (2) 126. (3) 127. (3) 128. (2) 129. (2) 130. (1)

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BIOLOGY CLASS - 12
SEXUAL REPRODUCTION IN FLOWERING PLANTS 19

NEET PREVIOUS YEAR’S

NEET PREVIOUS QUESTIONS
YEARS QUESTIONS

131. Which of the following has proved helpful in preserving pollen as fossils? [2018] [2301131]
(1) Pollenkitt (2) Cellulosic intine (3) Sporopollenin (4) Oil content
132. Pollen grains can be stored for several years in liquid nitrogen having a temperature of: [2018] [2301132]
(1) – 120°C (2) – 80°C (3) – 160°C (4) – 196°C
133. Double fertilisation is: [2018] [2301133]
(1) Fusion of two male gametes of a pollen tube with two different eggs.
(2) Fusion of one male gamete with two polar nuclei.
(3) Syngamy and triple fusion.
(4) Fusion of two male gametes with one egg.
134. Attractants and rewards are required for. [2017] [2301134]
(1) Entomophily (2) Hydrophily (3) Cleistogamy (4) Anemophily
135. Flowers which have single ovule in the ovary and are packed into inflorescence are usually pollinated
by: [2017] [2301135]
(1) Bee (2) Wind (3) Bat (4) Water
136. A dioecious flowering plant prevents both: [2017] [2301136]
(1) Autogamy and geitonogamy (2) Geitonogamy and xenogamy
(3) Cleistogamy and xenogamy (4) Autogamy and xenogamy
137. Functional megaspore in an angiosperm develops into: [2017] [2301137]
(1) Endosperm (2) Embryo sac (3) Embryo (4) Ovule
138. Which one of the following statements is not true? [2016] [2301138]
(1) Tapetum helps in the dehiscence of anther.
(2) Exine of pollen grains is made up of sporopollenin.
(3) Pollen grains of many species cause severe allergies.
(4) Stored pollen in liquid nitrogen can be used in the crop breeding programmes.
139. Which of the following statements is not correct? [2016] [2301139]
(1) Pollen grains of many species can germinate on the stigma of a flower, but only one pollen tube of the same species
grows into the style.
(2) Insects that consume pollen or nectar without bringing about pollination are called pollen/nectar robbers.
(3) Pollen germination and pollen tube growth are regulated by chemical components of pollen interacting with those of
the pistil.
(4) Some reptiles have also been reported as pollinators in some plant species.
140. Filiform apparatus is characteristic feature of: [2015] [2301140]
(1) Nucellar embryo (2) Aleurone cell (3) Synergids (4) Generative cell
141. Which one of the following may require pollinators, but is genetically similar to autogamy? [2015] [2301141]
(1) Xenogamy (2) Apogamy (3) Cleistogamy (4) Geitonogamy
142. Which one of the following statements is not true? [2015] [2301142]
(1) Pollen grains of some plants cause severe allergies and bronchial afflictions in some people.
(2) The flowers pollinated by flies and bats secrete foul odour to attract them.
(3) Honey is made by bees by digesting pollen collected from flowers.
(4) Pollen grains are rich in nutrients, and they are used in the form of tablets and syrups.
143. The hilum is a scar on the [2015] [2301143]
(1) Fruit, where it was attached to pedicel. (2) Fruit, where style was present.
(3) Seed, where micropyle was present. (4) Seed, where funicle was attached.
144. Which of the following are the important floral rewards to the animal pollinators? [2015] [2301144]
(1) Nectar and pollen grains. (2) Floral fragrance and calcium crystals.
(3) Protein pellicle and stigmatic exudates. (4) Colour and large size flower.
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BIOLOGY CLASS - 12
SEXUAL REPRODUCTION IN FLOWERING PLANTS 20

145. Geitonogamy involves. [2014] [2301145]

(1) Fertilisation of a flower by the pollen from another flower of the same plant.
(2) Fertilisation of a flower by the pollen from the same flower.
(3) Fertilisation of a flower by the pollen from a flower of another plant in the same population.
(4) Fertilisation of a flower by the pollen from a flower of another plant belonging to a distant population.
146. Male gametophyte with least number of cell is present in. [2014] [2301146]
(1) Pteris (2) Funaria (3) Lilium (4) Pinus
147. Function of filiform apparatus is to. [2014] [2301147]
(1) Recognise the suitable pollen at stigma. (2) Stimulate division of generative cell.
(3) Produce nectar. (4) Guide the entry of pollen tube.
148. Non-albuminous seed is produced in: [2014] [2301148]
(1) Maize (2) Castor (3) Wheat (4) Pea
149. Which one of the following statements regarding post-fertilization development in flowering plants isincorrect?
(1) Ovary develops into fruit (2) Zygote develops into embryo [NEET-2019] [2301149]
(3) Central cell develops into endosperm (4) Ovules develop into embryo sac
150. Persistent nucellus in the seed is known as: [NEET-2019] [2301150]
(1) Chalaza (2) Perisperm (3) Hilum (4) Tegmen
151. What is the fate of the male gametes discharged in the synergid? [NEET-2019] [2301151]
(1) One fuses with the egg, other(s) degenerate(s) in the synergid.
(2) All fuse with the egg.
(3) One fuses with the egg, other(s) fuse(s) with synergid nucleus.
(4) One fuses with the egg and other fuses with central cell nuclei.
152. Which is the most common type of embryo sac in angiosperms? [NEET-2019 ODISSA] [2301152]
(1) Tetrasporic with one mitotic stage of divisions
(2) Monosporic with three sequential mitotic divisions
(3) Monosporic with two sequential mitotic divisions
(4) Bisporic with two sequential mitotic divisions
153. What type of pollination takes place in Vallisneria? [NEET-2019 ODISSA] [2301153]
(1) Pollination occurs in submerged condition by water
(2) Flowers emerge above surface of water, and pollination occurs by insects.
(3) Flowers emerge above water surface, and pollen is carried by wind.
(4) Male flowers are carried by water currents to female flowers at surface of water
154. In which one of the following, both autogamy and geitonogamy are prevented? [NEET-2019 ODISSA] [2301154]
(1) Wheat (2) Papaya (3) Castor (4) Maize
155. Which of the following is incorrect for wind-pollinated plants? [NEET-2020 COVID] [2301155]
(1) Well exposed stamens and stigma (2) Many ovules in each ovary
(3) Flowers are small and not brightly coloured (4) Pollen grains are light and non-sticky
156. The body of the ovule is fused within the funicle at. [NEET-2020] [2301156]
(1) Chalaza (2) Hilum (3) Micropyle (4) Nucellus
157. In water hyacinth and water lily, pollination takes place by. [NEET-2020] [2301157]
(1) Insects and water (2) Insects or wind (3) Water currents only (4) Wind and water
158. The plant parts which consist two generations - one within the other. [NEET-2020] [2301158]
(a) Pollen grains inside the anther (b) Germinated pollen grain with two male gametes
(c) Seed inside the fruit (d) Embryo sac inside the ovule
(1) a and d (2) a only (3) a, b, and c (4) c and d
159. A typical angiosperm embryo sac at maturity is. [NEET-2021] [2301159]
(1) 7- nucleate and 8 – celled (2) 7- nucleate and 7- celled
(3) 8 –nucleate and 8- celled (4) 8- nucleate and 7- celled

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SEXUAL REPRODUCTION IN FLOWERING PLANTS 21

160. The term used for transfer of pollen grains from anthers of one plant to stigma of a different plant which during
pollination, brings genetically different types of pollen grains to stigma is. [NEET-2021] [2301160]
(1) Geitonogamy (2) Chasmogamy (3) Cleistogamy (4) Xenogamy
161. In some members of which of the following pairs of families, pollen grains retain their visibility for months after
release? [NEET-2021] [2301161]
(1) Poaceae; Leguminosae (2) Poaceae; Solanaceae
(3) Rosaceae; Leguminosae (4) Poaceae; Rosaceae
162. Identify the incorrect statement related to pollination: [NEET-2022] [2301162]
(1) Pollination by water is quite rare in flowering plants
(2) Pollination by wind is more common amongst abiotic pollination
(3) Flowers produce foul odours to attract flies and beetles to get pollinated
(4) Moths and butterflies are the most dominant pollinating agents among insects
163. Given below are two statements: [NEET-2022] [2301163]
Statement I: Cleistogamous flowers are invariably autogamous
Statement II: Cleistogamy is disadvantageous as there is no chance for cross pollination
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given
Below.
(1) Bothe Statement I and Statement II are correct
(2) Bothe Statement I and Statement II are incorrect
(3) Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect
(4) Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct
164. Which part of the fruit, labelled in the given figure makes it a false fruit? [NEET-2022] [2301164]

(1) A  Mesocarp (2) B  Endocarp

(3) C  Thalamus (4) D  Seed
165. In angiosperm, the haploid, diploid and triploid structures of a fertilized embryo sac sequentially are: [2301165]
(1) Antipodals, synergids, and primary endosperm nucleus [NEET-2023]
(2) Synergids, Zygote and Primary endosperm nucleus
(3) Synergids, antipodals and Polar nuclei
(4) Synergids, Primary endosperm nucleus and zygote
166. What is the function of tassels in the corn cob? [NEET-2023] [2301166]
(1) To trap pollen grains (2) To disperse pollen grains
(3) To protect seeds (4) To attract insects
167. Which one of the following is NOT an advantage of inbreeding? [NEET-2023] [2301167]
(1) It exposes harmful recessive genes that are eliminated by selection.
(2) Elimination of less desirable genes and accumulation of superior genes takes place due to it.
(3) It decreases the productivity of inbred population, after continuous inbreeding.
(4) It decreases homozygosity.
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SEXUAL REPRODUCTION IN FLOWERING PLANTS 22

168. Identify the set of correct statements: [NEET-2024] [2301168]

A. The flowers of Vallisneria are colourful and produce nectar.
B. The followers of waterlily are not pollinated by water.
C. In most of water – pollinated species, the pollen grains are protected from wetting.
D. Pollen grains of some hydrophytes are long and ribbon like.
[Link] some hydrophytes, the pollen grains are carried passively inside water
Choose the correct answer from the options given below.
(1) C, D and E only (2) A, B, C and D only
(3) A, C, D and E only (4) B, C, D and E only
169. Identify the correct description about the given figure. [NEET-2024] [2301169]

(1) Wind pollinated plant inflorescence showing flowers with well exposed stamens
(2) Water pollinated flowers showing stamens with mucilaginous covering
(3) Cleistogamous flowers showing autogamy
(4) Compact inflorescence showing complete autogamy
170. Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R). [2301170]
Assertion (A): A typical unfertilized, angiosperm embryo sac at maturity is 8 nucleate and 7 – celled.
Reason (R): The egg apparatus has 2 polar nuclei [NEET-2025]
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below.
(1) A is true but R is false
(2)A is false but R is true
(3) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(4) Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A
171. Given below are two statements: One is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R). [2301171]
Assertion (A): Both wind and water pollinated flowers are not very colourful and do not produce nectar.
Reason (R): The flowers produce enormous amount of pollen grains in wind and water pollinated flowers.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below. [NEET-2025]
(1) A is true but R is false
(2) A is false but R is true
(3) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(4) Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A.
172. How many meiotic and mitotic divisions need to occur for the development of a mature female gametophyte from the
megaspore mother cell in an angiosperm plant? [NEET-2025] [2301172]
(1) 1 Meiosis and 3 Mitosis (2) No Meiosis and 2 Mitosis
(3) 2 Meiosis and 3 Mitosis (4) 1 Meiosis and 2 Mitosis

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SEXUAL REPRODUCTION IN FLOWERING PLANTS 23

173. Given below are two statements: [NEET-2025] [2301173]

Statement I: Fig fruit is a non – vegetarian fruit as it has enclosed fig wasps in it.
Statement II: Fig wasp and fig tree exhibit mutual relationship as fig wasp completes its life cycle in fig fruit and fig
fruit gets pollinated by fig wasp.
(1) Statement I is correct but statement II is incorrect
(2) Statement I is incorrect but statement II is correct
(3) Both statement I and statement II are correct
(4) Both statement I and statement II are incorrect
174. In the seeds of cereals, the outer covering of endosperm separates the embryo by a protein – rich layer
called. [NEET-2025] [2301174]
(1) Integument (2) Aleurone layer (3) Coleoptile (4) Coleorhiza
175. Match List with List II: [NEET-2025] [2301175]
List I List II
A. Scutellum I. Persistent nucellus
B. Non – albuminous seed II. Cotyledon of Monocot seed
C. Epiblast III. Groundnut
D. Perisperm IV. Rudimentary cotyledon
Choose the option with all correct matches.
(1) A – IV, B – III, C – I, D – II (2) A – II, B – IV, C – III, D – I
(3) A – II, B – III, C- IV, D – I (4) A – IV, B – III, C – II, D – I
176. Given below are two statements: One is labelled as Assertion (A) and other is labelled as Reason (R). [2301176]
Assertion (A): Cells of the tapetum possess dense cytoplasm and generally have more than one nucleus
Reason (R): Presence of more than one nucleus in the tapetum increases the efficiency of nourishing the developing
microspore mother cells. [NEET-2025]
In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.
(1) A is true but R is false
(2) A is false but R is true
(3) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(4) Both A and R are true R is NOT the correct explanation of A

NEET PREVIOUS YEAR’S QUESTIONS -KEY ANSWERS

131) 3 132) 4 133) 3 134) 1 135) 2 136) 1 137) 2 138) 1 139) 1 140) 3

141) 4 142) 3 143) 4 144) 1 145) 1 146) 3 147) 4 148) 4 149) 4 150) 2

151) 4 152) 2 153) 4 154) 2 155) 2 156) 2 157) 2 158) 1 159) 4 160) 4

161) 3 162) 4 163) 1 164) 3 165) 2 166) 1 167) 3 168) 4 169) 1 170) 1

171) 4 172) 1 173) 4 174) 2 175) 3 176) 1

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SEXUAL REPRODUCTION IN FLOWERING PLANTS 24

NEET PREVIOUS YEAR’S QUESTIONS-EXPLANATIONS

131. (3) Sporopollenin cannot be degraded by enzyme; strong acids and alkali, therefore it is helpful in preserving pollen as
fossil.
132. (4) Pollen grains can be stored for several years in liquid nitrogen at -196°C (cryopreservation).
133. (3) Double fertilisation is a unique phenomenon that occurs in angiosperms only.
134. (1) Insect pollinated plants provide rewards as edible pollen grain and nectar as usual rewards. In order to materialise
and maximise pollination, flowers have developed a set of attributes which are aimed at attracting the pollinators called
attractants.
135. (2) Wind pollination or anemophily occurs in flowers which are having a single ovule in each ovary, and numerous
flowers packed in an inflorescence. It is a non directional pollination.
136. (1) Autogamy occurs in bisexual flowers. Geitonogamous flowers are unisexual but present in the same plant.
Dioecious condition is observed when unisexual male and female flowers are present on different plants and it prevents
both autogamy and geitonogamy.
137. (2) The first cell of female gametophytic generation in angiosperm is megaspore. It undergoes three successive mitotic
division to form 8-nucleated and 7-celled embryo sac.
138. (1) Tapetum is important for the nutrition and development of pollen grains, as well as a source of precursors for the
pollen coat.
139. (1) Pollen grains of different species are incompatible, so they fail to germinate. If the pollen-stigma interaction is
compatible, the pollen grain hydrates and germinates shortly following landing on the stigma.
140. (3) Synergids have filiform apparatus.
141. (4) Geitonogamy, genetically, shows similarity with autogamy because the pollen grains are borne on thesame plant.
142. (3) Honey is produced by worker bees using nectar (fructose) of flowering plants.
143. (4) The hilum is a scar found on the seed coat through which the developing seeds are attached to the fruit.
144. (1) Nectar and pollen grains are the usual floral rewards which the animal pollinators get.
145. (1) Geitonogamy is the transfer of pollen grains in different flowers of same plant.
146. (3) Male gametophyte is highly reduced in angiosperm and is known as pollen grain. It is 2 or 3 - celled.
147. (4) Filiform apparatus helps in the entry of pollen tube into a synergid in ovule. Filiform apparatus is in form of finger
like projection comprising a core of microfibrils enclosed in a sheath. It resembles transfer cells meant for short
distance movement of metabolites. It is responsible for the absorption of food from the nucleus.
148. (4) Exalbuminous (non-endospermic) seeds usually store reserve food material in cotyledons. In these seeds, the
endosperm is used up and not present in mature seeds, e.g., bean, gram and pea.
149. (2) The body of the ovule is fused within the funicle at hilum
150. (2) water hyacinth and water lily are aquatic plants pollinated by insects or wind
151. (1) Pollen grains is male gametophyte present within the parental sporophytic structure anther
Embryo sac is female gametophyte present within the parental sporophytic structure ovule
152. (4) 8-nucleate and 7-celled
153. (4) Xenogamy
154. (3) Rosaceae; Leguminasae
155. (4) Bees are the most dominant pollinates agents among insects.
156. (1) Both the statement are correct
157. (3) „C‟ is thalamus which is edible part in the apple fruit

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TOPPER’S CHOICE QUESTIONS

177. Given below are two statements: [2301177]
Statement-I: When pollen grains are released from pollen sac and they land on stigma of pistil, it is called pollination.
Statement-II: Pollen tube enters into embryo sac where two male gametes fuse with female gamete.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
(1) Both Statement - I and II are correct.
(2) Statement - I is correct but statement - II is incorrect.
(3) Statement - I is incorrect and Statement - II is correct.
(4) Both Statement - I and Statement - II are incorrect.
178. Given below are two statements: [2301178]
Statement-I: A typical anther is tetrasporangiate.
Statement-II: A typical anther is dithecous. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer
from the options given below:
(1) Both Statement-I and II are correct.
(2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect.
(3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is correct.
(4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are incorrect.
179. Given below are two statements: [2301179]
Statement-I: Exine of pollen grain is made up of sporopollenin.
Statement-II: Intine helps in germination of pollen grain.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
(1) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct.
(2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect.
(3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is correct.
(4) Both Statement-I and II are incorrect.
180. Given below are two statements: [2301180]
Statement-I: To some extent viability of pollen grains depends upon prevailing temperature and humidity.
Statement-II: Viability is lost in few minutesonly of the pollen grains of Solanaceae family.
In the light of the above statements, choose themost appropriate answer from the options givenbelow:
(1) Both Statement-I and II are correct.
(2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II isincorrect.
(3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II iscorrect.
(4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II areincorrect.
181. Given below are two statements (for angiosperm plants): [2301181]
Statement-I: A mature male gametophyte possess two male gametes.
Statement-II: A mature female gametophyte is 7-celled and 8 nucleated in typical angiosperms.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
(1) Both Statement-I and II are correct.
(2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect.
(3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is correct.
(4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are incorrect.
182. Given below are two statements; one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason(R). [2301182]
Assertion (A): Loss of pollen grain occur maximum in anemophily.
Reason (R): In this type of pollination, pollen grains move completely in non-directional form.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
(1) If (A) & (R) both are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(2) (A) is correct but (R) is incorrect. (3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct.
(4) If (A) & (R) both are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
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183. Identify the correct set of statements [2301183]

(a) Wolfia is a microscopic plant belongs to angiosperms.
(b) Double fertilization is an unique event seen in gymnosperms.
(c) Male sex organs in angiosperm are called stamens, present in flowers.
(d) Total three male gametes participate in double fertilization.
Choose the correct answer from the given option below.
(1) all a, b, c, d are correct (2) b, c and d are correct
(3) a, c and d are correct (4) only a and c are correct
184. Identify the correct set of statements. [2301184]
(a) In gymnosperms seeds are not enclosed by fruits.
(b) Angiosperm plant‟s possess diplontic life cycle.
(c) Flower is the structure in which sexual reproductive organs of angiosperm are present.
(d) Endosperm formation in angiosperm is not a pre-fertilization event.
Choose the correct answer from the given options below:
(1) only b, c & d are correct (2) b and c are correct
(3) a, b, c and d all are correct (4) only a and c are correct
185. Identify the correct set of statements with respect to angiosperms. [2301185]
(a) A microsporophyll contains stigma, style and ovary
(b) All megaspores produced from megaspore mother cell take part in embryo sac formation.
(c) Hilum is the place where ovule joins with funicle
(d) Basal part of an ovule is represented as micropylar end
(e) Perisperm is present in black pepper.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below
(1) only c and e are correct (2) a, b, c and e are correct
(3) c, d and e are correct (4) only c is correct
186. Identify the correct set of statements for angiosperms. [2301186]
(a) Development of angiosperm seed occur inside the ovary / fruit
(b) Typical embryo sac in angiosperms is seven celled and eight nucleated
(c) Free nuclear divisions occur during embryogenesis in angiosperms
(d) Filliform apparatus present in ovule secrets chemicals, which attract pollen tube toward synergids
(e) Development of female gametophyte in typical angiosperms is monosporic.
Choose the correct answer from the given options below.
(1) a, d and e (2) b, d and e (3) a, b, d and e (4) b, c, d and e
187. Assertion (A): In western countries a large number of pollen products in form of tablets and syrups are available.
Reason (R): Pollen grains are rich in nutrients and used as food supplement. [2301187]
(1) Both (A) & (R) are true and the (R) is the correct explanation of the (A)
(2) Both (A) & (R) are true but the (R) is not the correct explanation of the (A)
(3) (A) is true but (R) is false
(4) Both (A) and (R) are false
188. Assertion (A): Geitonogamy is functionally cross pollination and genetically self pollination. [2301188]
Reason (R): It involves pollinating agent but pollen grains come from same plant.
(1) Both (A) & (R) are true and the (R) is the correct explanation of the (A)
(2) Both (A) & (R) are true but the (R) is not the correct explanation of the (A)
(3) (A) is true but (R) is false
(4) Both (A) and (R) are false
189. Assertion (A): Strawberry and cashew are false fruits. [2301189]
Reason (R): They arise before fertilization.
(1) Both (A) & (R) are true and the (R) is the correct explanation of the (A)
(2) Both (A) & (R) are true but the (R) is not the correct explanation of the (A)
(3) (A) is true but (R) is false (4) Both (A) and (R) are false

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190. Assertion (A): Seed is the basis of agriculture.

Reason (R): Due to dehydration and dormancy mature seed can be stored for next season. [2301190]
(1) Both (A) & (R) are true and the (R) is the correct explanation of the (A)
(2) Both (A) & (R) are true but the (R) is not the correct explanation of the (A)
(3) (A) is true but (R) is false
(4) Both (A) and (R) are false
191. Assertion (A): Active research is going on in many laboratories around the world to understand the genetics of
apomixis. [2301191]
Reason (R): If hybrids are made into apomictics, there is no segregation of characters.
(1) Both (A) & (R) are true and the (R) is the correct explanation of the (A)
(2) Both (A) & (R) are true but the (R) is not the correct explanation of the (A)
(3) (A) is true but (R) is false
(4) Both (A) and (R) are false
192. Assertion (A): In Angiosperms, sexual reproduction take place through the flower. [2301192]
Reason (R): All the parts of the flower are modification of root.
(1) Both (A) & (R) are true and the (R) is the correct explanation of the (A)
(2) Both (A) & (R) are true but the (R) is not the correct explanation of the (A)
(3) (A) is true but (R) is false
(4) Both (A) and (R) are false
193. Assertion (A): Nucellus plays important role for developing embryo sac. [2301193]
Reason (R): Nucellus is nutritive tissue have abundant reserve food material& it is triploid.
(1) Both (A) & (R) are true and the (R) is the correct explanation of the (A)
(2) Both (A) & (R) are true but the (R) is not the correct explanation of the (A)
(3) (A) is true but (R) is false
(4) Both (A) and (R) are false
194. Assertion (A): Pollen pistil interaction is a safety measure to ensure that illegitimate crossing do not occur.
Reason (R): Compatibility and incompatibility of pollen pistil is determined by pollen [2301194]
(1) Both (A) & (R) are true and the (R) is the correct explanation of the (A)
(2) Both (A) & (R) are true but the (R) is not the correct explanation of the (A)
(3) (A) is true but (R) is false
(4) Both (A) and (R) are false
195. Assertion (A): Each cell of the sporogenous tissue is capable of giving rise to a microspore tetrads. [2301195]
Reason (R): Most abundant microspore tetrads is the product of simultaneous cytokinesis.
(1) Both (A) & (R) are true and the (R) is the correct explanation of the (A)
(2) Both (A) & (R) are true but the (R) is not the correct explanation of the (A)
(3) (A) is true but (R) is false
(4) Both (A) and (R) are false
196. Assertion (A): The generative cell comes to lie freely in the cytoplasm of the vegetative cell [2301196]
Reason (R): Cellulosic wall around generative cell is dissolved.
(1) Both (A) & (R) are true and the (R) is the correct explanation of the (A)
(2) Both (A) & (R) are true but the (R) is not the correct explanation of the (A)
(3) (A) is true but (R) is false
(4) Both (A) and (R) are false
197. Assertion (A): Formation of mature male gametophyte requires one meiotic and one mitotic division in 40% of the
angiosperms. [2301197]
Reason (R): Pollination occurs in three celled condition in majority of angiosperms.
(1) Both (A) & (R) are true and the (R) is the correct explanation of the (A)
(2) Both (A) & (R) are true but the (R) is not the correct explanation of the (A)
(3) (A) is true but (R) is false
(4) Both (A) and (R) are false

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198. Assertion (A): Filiform apparatus guides the pollen tube into the synergids. [2301198]
Reason (R): It is special cellular thickening at micropylar tip to secrete chemotropic stimulus.
(1) Both (A) & (R) are true and the (R) is the correct explanation of the (A)
(2) Both (A) & (R) are true but the (R) is not the correct explanation of the (A)
(3) (A) is true but (R) is false
(4) Both (A) and (R) are false
199. Assertion (A): Geitonogamy helps in maintaining homozygosity and superiority of the race indefinitely. [2301199]
Reason (R): It is functionally, ecologically and genetically cross pollination.
(1) Both (A) & (R) are true and the (R) is the correct explanation of the (A)
(2) Both (A) & (R) are true but the (R) is not the correct explanation of the (A)
(3) (A) is true but (R) is false
(4) Both (A) and (R) are false
200. Assertion (A): Triple fusion is associated with the sexual reproduction in all spermatophytes(gymnosperms and
angiosperms). [2301200]
Reason (R): It is required to form secondary nucleus as nutritive tissue which is triploid.
(1) Both (A) & (R) are true and the (R) is the correct explanation of the (A)
(2) Both (A) & (R) are true but the (R) is not the correct explanation of the (A)
(3) (A) is true but (R) is false
(4) Both (A) and (R) are false
201. Assertion (A): More than one pollen tubes can enter an embryo. [2301201]
Reason (R): Triple fertilization can occur by contribution of gametes from different pollens.
(1) Both (A) & (R) are true and the (R) is the correct explanation of the (A)
(2) Both (A) & (R) are true but the (R) is not the correct explanation of the (A)
(3) (A) is true but (R) is false
(4) Both (A) and (R) are false
202. Assertion (A): Hybrid seeds have to be produced every year because seeds collected from hybrid plants, if sown
subsequently, do not maintain hybrid characters. [2301202]
Reason (R): Hybrid seeds show segregation of traits.
(1) Both (A) & (R) are true and the (R) is the correct explanation of the (A)
(2) Both (A) & (R) are true but the (R) is not the correct explanation of the (A)
(3) (A) is true but (R) is false
(4) Both (A) and (R) are false
203. Assertion (A): Apomictic embryo is asexual mode of reproduction. [2301203]
Reason (R): It prevents the segregation of traits.
(1) Both (A) & (R) are true and the (R) is the correct explanation of the (A)
(2) Both (A) & (R) are true but the (R) is not the correct explanation of the (A)
(3) (A) is true but (R) is false (4) Both (A) and (R) are false
204. Assertion (A): Continued self-pollination checks inbreeding depression. [2301204]
Reason (R): Pollen release and stigma receptivity are synchronized in cross pollination.
(1) Both (A) & (R) are true and the (R) is the correct explanation of the (A)
(2) Both (A) & (R) are true but the (R) is not the correct explanation of the (A)
(3) (A) is true but (R) is false
(4) Both (A) and (R) are false
205. Assertion: Pollen tables is used as a food supplement. [2301205]
Reason: Pollen grains are rich in nutrient.
(1) If both the assertion and the reason are true and the reason is a correct explanation of the assertion.
(2) If both the assertion and reason are true but the reason is not a correct explanation of the assertion.
(3) If the assertion is true but the reason is false.
(4) If both the assertion and reason are false.

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206. Assertion: Pollen grains are well preserved as fossils. [2301206]

Reason: Pollen posses sporopollenin.
(1) If both the assertion and the reason are true and the reason is a correct explanation of the assertion.
(2) If both the assertion and reason are true but the reason is not a correct explanation of the assertion.
(3) If the assertion is true but the reason is false.
(4) If both the assertion and reason are false.
207. Assertion: Coconut water is a cellular endosperm. [2301207]
Reason: White kernel of coconut is a free nuclear endosperm.
(1) If both the assertion and the reason are true and the reason is a correct explanation of the assertion.
(2) If both the assertion and reason are true but the reason is not a correct explanation of the assertion.
(3) If the assertion is true but the reason is false.
(4) If both the assertion and reason are false.
208. Assertion: Polyembryony is found in all angiosperm. [2301208]
Reason: All angiosperm are produced by apomixis.
(1) If both the assertion and the reason are true and the reason is a correct explanation of the assertion.
(2) If both the assertion and reason are true but the reason is not a correct explanation of the assertion.
(3) If the assertion is true but the reason is false.
(4) If both the assertion and reason are false.
209. Assertion: Wind pollinated plant have large feathery stigma. [2301209]
Reason: Feathery stigma easily traps air-borne pollen grains.
(1) If both the assertion and the reason are true and the reason is a correct explanation of the assertion.
(2) If both the assertion and reason are true but the reason is not a correct explanation of the assertion.
(3) If the assertion is true but the reason is false.
(4) If both the assertion and reason are false.
210. Assertion: Self incompatibility is genetic mechanism to prevent self pollination. [2301210]
Reason: It promotes germination of pollen from same plant or same flower on stigma.
(1) If both the assertion and the reason are true and the reason is a correct explanation of the assertion.
(2) If both the assertion and reason are true but the reason is not a correct explanation of the assertion.
(3) If the assertion is true but the reason is false.
(4) If both the assertion and reason are false.
211. Assertion: Endosperm development occurs before embryo development. [2301211]
Reason: Cells of endosperm are filled with reserve food material and act as source of nutritionfor developing embryo.
(1) If both the assertion and the reason are true and the reason is a correct explanation of the assertion.
(2) If both the assertion and reason are true but the reason is not a correct explanation of the assertion.
(3) If the assertion is true but the reason is false.
(4) If both the assertion and reason are false.
212. Assertion: The ploidy of primary endosperm nucleus (PEN) in angiosperm is 3n. [2301212]
Reason: PEN is formed by triple fusion.
(1) If both the assertion and the reason are true and the reason is a correct explanation of the assertion.
(2) If both the assertion and reason are true but the reason is not a correct explanation of the assertion.
(3) If the assertion is true but the reason is false.
(4) If both the assertion and reason are false.
213. Assertion: Water pollinated species have mucilaginous covering on pollen grains. [2301213]
Reason: Mucilage covering protect pollen grain from wetting.
(1) If both the assertion and the reason are true and the reason is a correct explanation of the assertion.
(2) If both the assertion and reason are true but the reason is not a correct explanation of the assertion.
(3) If the assertion is true but the reason is false.
(4) If both the assertion and reason are false.

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214. Assertion: Exine of pollen grain is discontinuous layer. [2301214]

Reason: Exine absent at germ pores.
(1) If both the assertion and the reason are true and the reason is a correct explanation of the assertion.
(2) If both the assertion and reason are true but the reason is not a correct explanation of the assertion.
(3) If the assertion is true but the reason is false.
(4) If both the assertion and reason are false. [2301215]
215. Assertion: Pollen bank can be formed for crop breeding programmes.
Reason: Pollen grain of many species can be stored for year in liquid nitrogen (–196°C)
(1) If both the assertion and the reason are true and the reason is a correct explanation of the assertion.
(2) If both the assertion and reason are true but the reason is not a correct explanation of the assertion.
(3) If the assertion is true but the reason is false.
(4) If both the assertion and reason are false.
216. Assertion: Pollen tube enters the ovule through micropyle. [2301216]
Reason: Pollen tube enters in one of the synergids through filiform apparatus.
(1) If both the assertion and the reason are true and the reason is a correct explanation of the assertion.
(2) If both the assertion and reason are true but the reason is not a correct explanation of the assertion.
(3) If the assertion is true but the reason is false.
(4) If both the assertion and reason are false.

TOPPER’S CHOICE QUESTIONS -KEY ANSWERS

177) 2 178) 1 179) 1 180) 2 181) 1 182) 4 183) 4 184) 3 185) 1 186) 3
187) 1 188) 1 189) 3 190) 1 191) 1 192) 3 193) 3 194) 3 195) 2 196) 3
197) 4 198) 1 199) 3 200) 4 201) 4 202) 1 203) 2 204) 4 205) 1 206) 1
207) 4 208) 4 209) 1 210) 3 211) 1 212) 1 213) 1 214) 1 215) 1 216) 2

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MATCHING TYPE QUESTIONS

217. Match the biotic agent of cross pollination given in column- I with their feature given in column-II and select the
correctanswer using the codes given below. [2301217]
Column-I Column-II
A. Zoophily I. Pollination by birds
B. Ornithophily II. Pollination by insects
C. Entomophily III. Pollination by bats
D. Chiropterophily IV. Pollination by animals
(1) A – III; B – II; C – I; D – IV
(2) A – I; B – II; C – III; D – IV
(3) A – IV; B – I; C – II; D – III
(4) A – IV; B – II; C – I; D – III
218. Match the parts of gynoceium given in column I with their definition given in column II. Choose the correct
combination from the options given below. [2301218]
Column-I Column-II
A. Funicle I. Mass of cells within ovule with more food
B. Hilum II. Basal part of ovule
C. Integument III. One or Two protective layers of ovule
D. Chalaza IV. Region where body of ovule fuses with funicle
E. Nucellus V. Stalk of ovule
(1) A – I; B – II; C – III; D – IV; E – V
(2) A – V; B – IV; C – III; D – II; E – I
(3) A – IV; B – II; C – I; D – III; E – V
(4) A – I; B – III; C – V; D – II; E – IV
219. Match the items given in column-I with their examples given in column-II and choose the correct option given
below. [2301219]
Column-I Column-II
(Items) (Examples)
A. Ovary I. Groundnut, mustard
B. Ovule II. Guava, orange, mango
C. Wall of ovary III. Pericarp
D. Fleshy fruits IV. Seed
E. Dry fruits V. Fruit
(1) A – V; B – IV; C – III; D – II; E – I
(2) A – I; B – II; C – III; D – IV; E – V
(3) A – I; B – III; C – II; D – IV; E – V
(4) A – V; B – IV; C – I; D – II; E – III
220. Match the items given in column-I with those given in column-II and choose the correct option given
below. [2301220]
Column-I Column-II
A. Parthenocarpy I. Inactive state
B. Polyembryony II. Meiosis and syngamy are absent
C. Apomixis III. Occurrence of more than one embryo
D. Dormancy IV. Seedless fruit
(1) A – I; B – II; C – III; D – IV (2) A – IV; B – III; C – II; D – I
(3) A – IV; B – I; C – II; D – III (4) A – III; B – II; C – I; D – IV

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221. Match the items given in column-I with those given in column-II and chose the correct option given
below. [2301221]
Column-I Column-II
A. Tapetum I. Irregular in shape with abundant food reserve
B. Exine II. Acts as nutritive layer
C. Pollenkit III. Thick, rigid protective layer
D. Vegetative cell IV. Involve in the formation of microspores
E. Sporogenous V. Oily and sticky layer, help tissue in pollination.
(1) A – II; B – III; C – V; D – IV; E – I (2) A – I; B – III; C – II; D – IV; E – V
(3) A – II; B – III; C – I; D – IV; E – V (4) A – II; B – IV; C – V; D – I; E – III
222. Match the items given in column-I with their examples given in column-II and identify the correct option. [2301222]
Column-I Column-II
A. Coleorhiza I. Grapes
B. Food storing tissue II. Mango
C. Parthenocarpic fruit III. Maize
D. Single seeded fruit developing IV. Radicle from monocarpellary superior ovary
E. Membranous seed coat V. Endosperm
(1) A – III; B – I; C – IV; D – II; E – V (2) A – IV; B – II; C – V; D – I; E – III
(3) A – V; B – I; C – III; D – IV; E – II (4) A – IV; B – V; C – I; D – II; E – III
223. Which of the following is a mismatched pair? [2301223]
(1) Microsporangium Anther
(2) Megasporangium Ovule
(3) Microsporophyll Stamen
(4) Megasporophyll Filament
224. Which of the following is a mismatched pair? [2301224]
(1) Storage of pollen grains – 196°C
(2) Pollen allergy Carrot grass
(3) Chasmogamous flowers Exposed anthers and stigmas
(4) Xenogamy Self-pollination

MATCHING TYPE QUESTIONS -KEY ANSWERS

(217)–3 (218) - 2 (219) - 1 (220)–2 (221) - 1 (222) - 4 (223) - 4 (224) – 4

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DIAGRAM BASED QUESTIONS

225. Diagram given below shows the stages in embryogenesis in a typical dicot plant (Capsella). Identify the structures
A to D respectively [2301225]
(1) Suspensor, Radicle, Plumule, Cotyledons
(2) Hypophysis, Radicle, Plumule, Cotyledons
(3) Suspensor, Plumule, Radicle, Cotyledons
(4) Suspensor, Radicle, Plumule, Hypocotyls

226. In the given figure of pollen grain tetrad, identify the parts marked as A, B, C, D and E. [2301226]

(1) A - Germ pore, B - Generative cell, C - Intine, D - Exine, E - Vegetative cell

(2) A - Germ pore, B - Generative cell, C - Exine, D - Intine, E - Vegetative cell
(3) A - Intine, B - Exine, C - Germ pore, D – Generative cell, E - Vegetative cell
(4) A - Exine, B - intine, C - Vegetative cell, D - Germ pore, E - Generative cell
227. Identified A, B, C and D in the given figure of false fruit of apple. [2301227]

(1) A – Mesocarp; B – Endocarp; C – Seed; D – Thalamus

(2) A – Seed; B – Thalamus; C – Mesocarp; D – Endocarp
(3) A – Thalamus; B – Seed; C – Endocarp; D – Mesocarp
(4) A – Mesocarp; B – Endocarp; C – Seed; D – Thalamus

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228. The given diagram shows two plants of the same species. Identify the type of pollination indicated as
P1, P2 and P3 [2301228]

𝑃1 𝑃2 𝑃3
(1) Allogamy Chasmogamy Cleistogamy
(2) Autogamy Xemogamy Geitonogamy
(3) Autogamy Geitonogamy Xenogamy
(4) Geitonogamy Allogamy Autogamy

229. The given figure shows a diagrammatic view of a typical anatropous ovule, in which some parts are typical
anatropous ovule, in which some parts are marked as A,B, C, & D. Identify the correct labelling of A, B, C & D
from the options given below. [2301229]

(1) A – Chalazal pole; B – Micropyle; C – Embryo sac; D –Nucellus

(2) A – Micropyle; B – Chalazal pole; C – Embryo sac; D – Nucellus
(3) A – Micropyle; B – Chalazal pole; C – Nucellus; D – Embryo sac
(4) A – Micropyle; B – Nucellus; C – Embryo sac; D – Chalazal pole

DIAGRAM BASED QUESTIONS -KEY ANSWERS

ANSWER KEY

(225) 1 (226) 4 (227) 3 (228) 3 (229) 4

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SPACE FOR NOTES

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