BIT - COMPTECH
LOGIC
CIRCUITS
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CTC - 223
BIT - COMPTECH
COURSE
DESCRIPTION
This course provides a foundation in the
fundamentals of digital logic design and
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computer logic circuits. Both combinational
and sequential logic circuits are covered in this
course. The emphasis is on the use of Boolean
algebra and basic logic gates to build cost
effective complex logic circuits. Topics include:
Number systems, Binary arithmetic, Codes,
Logic gates, Boolean algebra and
simplifications, Half adders, Full adders,
Decoders, Encoders, Multiplexers, Latches, Flip-
Flops, Counters, Shift Registers, Memory circuits,
and ALU (Arithmetic and Logic Unit).
BIT - COMPTECH
PURPOSE OF
STUDYING LOGIC CIRCUITS
To understand the fundamental building blocks
of digital systems, which are used in computers
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and other electronic devices, by learning how
to design and analyze circuits that perform
logical operations based on binary inputs,
allowing for the creation of complex
computational functions by combining simple
logic gates like AND, OR, and NOT.
BIT - COMPTECH
LOGIC
CIRCUITS
• The basic switching circuits or gates used in
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digital computers and other digital electronic
devices
• A logic circuit is a circuit that executes a
processing or controlling function in a
computer. This circuit implements logical
operations on information to process it.
BIT - COMPTECH
LOGIC
CIRCUITS
• When we type some letters or words, the
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computer translates them in numbers as
computers can understand only numbers. A
computer can understand the positional
number system where there are only a few
symbols called digits and these symbols
represent different values depending on the
position they occupy in the number.
BIT - COMPTECH
NUMBER
SYSTEM
• Computers don’t think in words—they think in
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numbers.
• Specifically, computers use different number
systems to process, store, and transmit data.
BIT - COMPTECH
TYPES OFNUMBER SYSTEM
BINARY NUMBER OCTAL NUMBER
SYSTEM SYSTEM
• Base 2 • Base 8
• Uses two digits only: 0 and 1 • Digits: 0 – 7
• Examples: • Used as a shortcut for binary
•
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• 1011 Every 3 binary digits = 1 octal digit
• 01010101 • Examples:
• 1110001 • Binary: 101 110
• Why binary? • Octal: 5 6 = 56
• Computers use electronic • Used in:
signals. • Old computer system
Transistors can only be: • Some programming and
• 0 → no electricity digital electronics.
• 1 → electricity present
• So binary matches the
computer’s physical design.
BIT - COMPTECH
TYPES OFNUMBER SYSTEM
DECIMAL HEXADECIMAL
NUMBER SYSTEM NUMBER SYSTEM
• Base 10 • Base 16
• Digits: 0 – 9 • Digits: 0 – 9 and A - F
• This is the system humans use • Also used as a shortcut for binary
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everyday. • Every 4 binary digits = 1
• Although computers do not use hexadecimal digit
decimal internally, programmers • Examples:
and users convert values to • Binary: 1101
decimals for easier • Hex: D
understanding • Used in:
• Memory addresses
• Color codes
• Machines code
• Debugging
PURPOSE OF
THE NUMBER SYSTEM
1. Computers can only understand 0 and 1
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(binary).
2. Hex and octal make binary shorter and
easier for humans.
3. Decimal is what humans naturally use.
4. Conversions help us translate numbers
between humans and computers.
NUMBER SYSTEM
CONVERSION
DECIMAL BINARY OCTAL HEXADECIMAL
0 0000 0 0
1 0001 1 1
2 0010 2 2
3 0011 3 3
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4 0100 4 4
5 0101 5 5
6 0110 6 6
7 0111 7 7
8 1000 10 8
9 1001 11 9
10 1010 12 A
11 1011 13 B
12 1100 14 C
13 1101 15 D
14 1110 16 E
15 1111 17 F
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BIT - COMPTECH
THANK YOU!
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ANY QUESTIONS?