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Continuous Time Signals Notes

The document provides an overview of continuous-time signals, defining them as functions existing for all time, with examples like sine waves. It classifies signals based on periodicity and symmetry, introduces important functions like the unit step and impulse functions, and discusses system properties such as linearity and time-invariance. Additionally, it explains the concept of convolution in linear time-invariant systems.

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3 views1 page

Continuous Time Signals Notes

The document provides an overview of continuous-time signals, defining them as functions existing for all time, with examples like sine waves. It classifies signals based on periodicity and symmetry, introduces important functions like the unit step and impulse functions, and discusses system properties such as linearity and time-invariance. Additionally, it explains the concept of convolution in linear time-invariant systems.

Uploaded by

thandisloma550
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© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Continuous-Time Signal Basics - Notes & Examples

1. Introduction to Continuous-Time Signals


A continuous-time signal is a function that is defined for all values of time. Examples include sine
waves, exponential functions, and real-world signals like temperature variations.

Example: A sine wave x(t) = 5sin(2*pi*t) is continuous and exists for all time values.

2. Classification of Signals
Signals can be classified based on periodicity, symmetry, and energy properties.

- Even & Odd Signals:


An even signal satisfies x(t) = x(-t), whereas an odd signal satisfies x(t) = -x(-t).

3. Important Continuous-Time Functions


- Unit Step Function: Defined as u(t) = 1 for t >= 0 and 0 otherwise. It represents a sudden switch-on
of a system.
- Unit Impulse Function: Defined as delta(t) with an integral of 1. It models instantaneous impulses
like voltage spikes.

4. System Properties
- Linearity: A system is linear if the sum of inputs equals the sum of outputs.
- Time-Invariance: A time-invariant system responds the same way to delayed inputs.

5. Convolution
The output of a linear time-invariant system is given by convolution:
y(t) = x(t) * h(t) = integral of x(tau) h(t-tau) d(tau).

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