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Dbms SQL Interview Qa

The document contains a comprehensive list of DBMS and SQL interview questions along with detailed answers. It covers fundamental concepts such as DBMS, RDBMS, keys, normalization, SQL commands, and various SQL queries. Additionally, it explains important topics like ACID properties, joins, and the differences between SQL commands.

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Sai Meghana
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5 views3 pages

Dbms SQL Interview Qa

The document contains a comprehensive list of DBMS and SQL interview questions along with detailed answers. It covers fundamental concepts such as DBMS, RDBMS, keys, normalization, SQL commands, and various SQL queries. Additionally, it explains important topics like ACID properties, joins, and the differences between SQL commands.

Uploaded by

Sai Meghana
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

■ DBMS INTERVIEW QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED EASY ANSWERS

1. What is DBMS?

A DBMS is software used to store and manage data. It helps us organize data in tables.

2. What is a Database?

A database is a collection of related data stored in an organized way.

3. What is RDBMS?

RDBMS stores data in tables and uses relationships between them.

4. What is a Table?

A table is a structure with rows and columns.

5. What is a Primary Key?

A primary key uniquely identifies each row.

6. What is a Foreign Key?

A foreign key refers to the primary key of another table.

7. What is a Composite Key?

A key made of two or more columns.

8. What is Normalization?

Organizing data by removing redundancy.

9. What is Denormalization?

Adding redundancy to improve read performance.

10. What is a View?

A virtual table created using SQL SELECT.

11. What is an Index?

Speeds up searching in a table.

12. What is a Transaction?

A group of operations executed together.

13. ACID Properties:

Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability.


14. What is Deadlock?

Two transactions waiting for each other forever.

15. What is Schema?

Structure of database: tables, columns, datatypes.

■ SQL INTERVIEW QUESTIONS

1. What is SQL?

Language to store, retrieve, and manage data.

2. SQL Commands:

DDL, DML, DQL, DCL, TCL.

3. DELETE vs TRUNCATE vs DROP:

DELETE: removes rows.

TRUNCATE: removes all rows.

DROP: removes table.

4. What is JOIN?

Combines rows from two tables.

5. Types of JOIN:

INNER, LEFT, RIGHT, FULL, SELF, CROSS.

6. GROUP BY:

Groups rows and applies aggregate functions.

7. HAVING:

Filters grouped results.

8. WHERE vs HAVING:

WHERE before grouping; HAVING after grouping.

9. Subquery:

Query inside another query.

10. Stored Procedure:


Saved block of SQL code.

11. Trigger:

Runs automatically on INSERT/UPDATE/DELETE.

12. UNION vs UNION ALL:

UNION removes duplicates; UNION ALL keeps them.

13. CHAR vs VARCHAR:

CHAR fixed; VARCHAR variable length.

14. Cursor:

Processes rows one by one.

■ SQL QUERIES

1. Highest salary:

SELECT MAX(salary) FROM employees;

2. Second highest salary:

SELECT MAX(salary) FROM employees WHERE salary < (SELECT MAX(salary) FROM employees);

3. Employees per department:

SELECT dept_id, COUNT(*) FROM employees GROUP BY dept_id;

4. Salary above average:

SELECT name FROM employees WHERE salary > (SELECT AVG(salary) FROM employees);

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