SCIENCE 10
4th Quarter - Week 3 & 4
Name: Section:
polymers which are the building blocks of
Module 4 proteins
BIOMOLECULES
2. LYPEROM a substance that composed of very large
molecules
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
By the end of this module, you should be able to:
1. Identify the four major categories of biomolecules (carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and 3. SHAROCADYRTBE the sugars, starches and fibers found in
fruits, grains, vegetables and milk products
nucleic acids) and their basic subunits;
2. differentiate various biomolecules based on their unique chemical structures and 4. CEOCNMRIDOASHA most basic form of carbohydrates
biological functions; and
3. appreciate the essential role biomolecules play in maintaining life processes and the 5. SELUCELOMOIB Building blocks of life and perform
survival of living organisms. important functions in living organisms
6. DILIP organic compounds formed mainly from
Biomolecules are organic molecules containing carbon that are essential for life. They are often made of repeating alcohol and fatty acids
called monomers, which link together to form polymers.
7. IEUCNCL DICA molecules that store information for cellular
1. Carbohydrates (Energy & Structure) growth and reproduction
Subunit: Monosaccharides (such as: glucose, fructose, and galactose).
Functions: Provides immediate energy and structural support in plants (cellulose) and insects. 8. IRETPON organic molecules that form muscles,
transport oxygen and act as hormones and
Types: Monosaccharides (1 saccharide unit), Disaccharides (2 saccharide units), and
enzymes
Polysaccharides (many saccharide units).
9. UNCIOELTED basic structural unit of nucleic acid
3. Lipids (Storage & Barriers)
Subunit: Fatty acids and glycerol. 10. OMINA ADCI simple organic compound containing
Functions: Long-term energy storage, thermal insulation, and the main component of carboxyl and amino group
cell membranes (phospholipids).
Examples: Fats, oils, waxes, and steroids. II. CHECK POINT!
Study the molecular structures below. Determine what biomolecule represented by each structure.
4. Proteins (The Building Blocks)
Subunit: Amino acids.
Functions: Build muscles, act as enzymes to speed up reactions, transport oxygen, and serve
as hormones.
Structure: They have four levels of folding: primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary.
5. Nucleic Acids (Genetic Information)
Subunit: Nucleotides.
Functions: Store and transmit genetic information for cellular growth and reproduction.
Types: DNA (the master blueprint) and RNA.
ACTIVITIES:
I. LET”S GIVE IT A TRY! : UNSCRAMBLE THE WORDS
1. ROMOMEN a molecule that forms the basic unit for
SCIENCE 10
4th Quarter - Week 3 & 4
III. Comparing and Contrasting: Summarize the similarities and differences among the 1. Nathan was given a sample of an unknown organic macromolecule and asked to determine the type of
biomolecules using Venn Diagram. organic macromolecules to which it belonged. The chart below shows the results of the sample analysis
made by Nathan. Based on the results, what type does it belong?
a. Lipids
b. protein
c. nucleic acid
[Link]
2. Proteins do all the following things in the body, EXCEPT one?
a. digest food c. carry genetic information
b. carry oxygen in the blood d. speed up chemical reactions
3. Cyrus has a championship basketball game in the evening. What macromolecule should he
load up during his dinner to ensure that he has enough energy for the championship game?
a. Lipid b. carbohydrates c. nucleic acid [Link]
4. What macromolecules needed by our hair to make them grow healthier and stronger?
a. protein b. nucleic acid c. carbohydrates d. lipids
5. Which of the following diagram represents a macromolecule that is responsible of storing energy
for a longer time?
6. What macromolecule stores and transfers genetic information?
a. protein b. lipids c. carbohydrates d. nucleic acid
7. In a lego house, what does one lego represents in a macromolecule?
a. polymer b. monomer c. polysaccharide d. disaccharide
8. Which of the following is an example of protein?
a. glucoseb. fatty acids c. enzymes d. DNA
9. Which of the following is the main source of energy for the cell?
a. sucrose b. maltose c. galactose d. glucose
10. Which of the following represents the correct ranking of terms from largest
IV. LET’S EVALUATE YOUR LEARNING to smallest?
Multiple Choice: Read each statement carefully then encircle the letter of your choice.
a. carbon atom monomer polymer macromolecules
b. monomer carbon atom macromolecule polymer
c. polymer monomer macromolecule carbon atom
d. macromolecule polymer monomer carbon atom
SCIENCE 10
4th Quarter - Week 3 & 4
Name: Section: Biomolecule is a chemical compound in living organisms. It includes macromolecules which composed of
Module 4 mainly _______(1)_________, _________(2)________, _____(3)_________, nitrogen and phosphorus. Biomolecules
BIOMOLECULES are the ________(4)_________ of life and perform important functions in living organisms. Each group
of biomolecules is made up of different ________(5)__________, or building block. These monomers bond together
to create _________(6)______, or long chains of repeating molecules just as bricks joined together to form a
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
By the end of this module, you should be able to: wall. Their form determines their function. That means, their shape determines how they will behave and will
1. Identify the specific food sources for carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids, and recognize their primary they react with other molecules. _______(7)__________, or sugars, have three groups:
functions in the human body; monosaccharides, ________(8)__________, and polysaccharides. Examples of each group include glucose, sucrose,
2. analyze nutritional information from food labels to determine the types and amounts of biomolecules and ________(9)__________. ______(10)_________ are also known as fats, which monomers are glycerol
present in various food products; and and _________(11)__________, include foods like peanut butter and oil. ________(12)________ which composed
3. appreciate the importance of maintaining a balanced diet for overall health and muscle maintenance. of chain of ________(13)_______ are probably not the most interesting biomolecule, but they sure are
important! Without them, we would not be able to replicate cells, pass on genetic information, or give instructions
to body parts. _______(14)_______ which monomers are _________(15)_________, make up meats and beans.
Biomolecules are chemical compounds found in living organisms, primarily composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen They provide our cells with structure and support. There is a very special class of proteins, called "enzymes.
nitrogen. They are made of small units called monomers that bond together to form large chains called polymers. The order of amino acids in a protein will determine the shape and function of the protein just as the order
of words in a sentence shapes the meaning of the sentence.
1. Carbohydrates (The Energy Source)
Functions: Provide immediate energy for the body and ATP for muscle contractions.
Sources: Simple sugars are found in fruits, vegetables, and milk; complex starches are found in breads, cereals, and past
2. Proteins (The Body Builders)
Functions: Used to build and maintain muscles, skin, hair, and nails; they also form antibodies to fight diseases.
Sources: Meats, fish, poultry, eggs, legumes, tofu, nuts, and seeds.
3. Lipids (Storage and Structure)
Functions: Used for long-term energy storage, signaling, and as structural components of cell membranes.
Sources: Unsaturated fats (healthier) come from nuts and vegetable oils; saturated and trans fats (less healthy) come
butter, high-fat meats, and fried foods.
4. Nucleic Acids (The Blueprint)
Functions: Act as genetic material (DNA and RNA).
Note: While we eat the DNA of plants and animals, our bodies break it down into components during digestion rathe
making it part of our own genetic code.
Let’s do some recall…
Fill in the blanks: Complete the statements by writing the appropriate word/s in the blanks. Choose your
answers from the words inside the box.
SCIENCE 10
4th Quarter - Week 3 & 4
B. In the chart below design a balanced diet for the week. Make your selections based on your physical activities
A. Multiple Choice: Read each statement carefully then encircle the letter throughout the week and your daily calorie requirements. You may ask with your TLE and MAPEH
of your choice. teacher or the Barangay Health Worker for your daily calorie requirement.
1. Amino acids are required in the human diet principally in the making of
what biomolecules?
a. sugar b. carbohydrates c. proteins d. lipids
2. For a person who had received medical advice to cut down animal
fats, which of the following proteins would you recommend?
a. Pork b. salmon c. chicken d. minced
beef
3. Which of the following biomolecules is not present in beef?
a. Lipids b. carbohydrates c. protein d. iron
4. Which of the following is the function of carbohydrates?
a. maintain blood flow
b. catalyze physiological reactions
c. store and transport genetic material
d. provide structural framework of the cell walls
5. Which of the food products below consist of proteins?
a. meat b. cereals c. butter d. banana
6. Which biomolecules help forms muscles?
a. Nucleic acid b. protein c. lipids [Link]
7. Which oof the following food group is high in carbs?
a. Egg, fish, poultry c. cheese, meats vegetables
b. Bread, potatoes and pasta d. oils, butter and condiment
8. What type of biomolecule the picture below represents?
a. Lipid c. protein
b. Nucleic acid d. carbohydrate
9. How do lipids function in our body?
a. They build cell walls. c. They build cell membranes.
b. They make nucleus. d. They make cytoplasm.
[Link] is the only way to get all the biomolecules daily?
a. eat a vegetarian diet c. eat the same food everyday
b. eat combination of foods d. drink alcohol in moderation