A project report on

PROJECT TITLE

submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of

B. Tech
In
Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering

By

NAME1 Roll No.

NAME2 Roll No.
NAME3 (if applicable) Roll No. (if applicable)
NAME4 (if applicable) Roll No. (if applicable)

under the guidance of

Prof. Supervisor Name

Prof. Co-Supervisor Name (if applicable)

School of Electronics Engineering

KALINGA INSTITUTE OF INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY
(Deemed to be University)
 BHUBANESWAR

MAY 2023

CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the project report entitled “Project Title” submitted by

NAME1 Roll No.

NAME2 Roll No.
NAME3 (if applicable) Roll No. (if applicable)
NAME4 (if applicable) Roll No. (if applicable)

in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of the Degree of Bachelor of
Technology in Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering is a bonafide record
of the work carried out under my (our) guidance and supervision at School of Electronics
Engineering, KIIT (Deemed to be University).

Signature of Supervisor
Prof. Supervisor’s Name
School of Electronics Engineering
KIIT (Deemed to be University)

Signature of Co-Supervisor
Prof./Mr. Co-Supervisor’s Name
Department/School
 Organization/Institute
(Optional and as applicable)

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
(Write in your own words)

We feel immense pleasure and feel privileged in expressing our deepest and most
sincere gratitude to our supervisor(s) Prof. Supervisor’s Name, and Prof. Co-
Supervisor’s Name, for his excellent guidance throughout our project work. His
kindness, dedication, hard work and attention to detail have been a great inspiration to
us. Our heartfelt thanks to you sir for the unlimited support and patience shown to us.
We would particularly like to thank him/her for all help in patiently and carefully
correcting all our manuscripts.

We are also very thankful to Dr. (Mrs.) Sarita Nanda, Associate Dean and Associate
Professor, Dr. (Mrs.) Suprava Patnaik , Dean and Professor, School of Electronics
Engineering, and Project Coordinators, for their support and suggestions during entire
course of the project work in the 6th semester of our undergraduate course.

Roll Number Name Signature

Date: DD/MM/YYYY
 ABSTRACT

(Write in your own words within 200-300 words)

 TABLE OF CONTENTS
Aknowledment
Abstract
Table of Contents
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 Background Studies /Literature Survey 1
1.2 Motivation 2
1.3 Objectives 3
CHAPTER 2: METHODOLOGY 4
2.1 Applied Techniques and Tools 4
2.2 Technical Specifications 6
: (No. and Title of sections may vary as per project requirements) :
: :
2.X Design Approach :

CHAPTER 3: EXPERIMENTATION AND TESTS 13

3.1 Mathematical Modeling, Circuits etc. (as and where applicable) 13

3.2 Experimental Setup/Design (include photographs) 15
3.3 Prototype Testing/Simulations 17
: (No. and Title of sections may vary as per project requirements) :
: :
CHAPTER 4: CHALLLEGES, CONSTRAINTS AND STANDARDS 22
4.1 Challenges and Remedy 22
4.2 Design Constraints 23
4.3 Alternatives and Trade-offs 24
4.4 Standards (as applicable) 25
CHAPTER 5: RESULT ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION 26
5.1 Results Obtained (Tabulation and /or Graphs) 26
5.2 Analysis and Discussion 28
5.3 Project Demonstration (as applicable) 29
CHAPTER 6: CONCLUSIVE REMARKS 30
6.1 Project Planning, Progress and Management 30
6.2 Conclustion 34
6.3 Further Plan of Action / Future Scope 35

REFERENCES: (All references must be listed as per IEEE format, as no. [1], [2]
etc. and must be sequentially cited in the chapter texts, Some references must be from
books/ journals)
APPENDIX A: GANTT CHART
APPENDIX B: PROJECT SUMMARY
APPENDIX C: CODE (if applicable)
 CHAPTER 1
(START FROM NEW PAGE)
INTRODUCTION

1.1 Motivation
Write the motivation for the proposal, with font size 12, Times New Roman font,
and 1.5 Line Spacing. A sample text in this regard is given below for your reference.

Within the framework of sustainable development the energy supply system is a

crucial topic. Spurred on by the Kyoto Protocol the attention for the definition of energy
saving programs and the promotion of environment-friendly technologies as renewable
energy is increasing. In the longer term however additional alternatives have to be found.
Especially for the Belgian context the combination of a further decrease of emissions
(CO2, NOX,…) with a faze-out of nuclear energy is a major challenge.

At the international level hydrogen as an energy carrier is one of the major topics
in the discussion on pathways towards a future sustainable energy society. It is expected
to contribute both to the reduction of air pollution, CO2-reduction and energy supply
stability. The reason for this is that hydrogen offers a long term potential for energy
systems with almost zero-emission level; it can be based on local and renewable energy
sources. In the USA a ‘Roadmap to hydrogen’ has been developed already and on the
European level recently the policy paper ‘Hydrogen Energy and Fuel Cells, a vision of
our future’ has been presented. Within the Belgian energy policy the knowledge on
hydrogen is rather limited and this project intends to be the first step in a scientific
assessment of hydrogen in the Belgian context.

1.2 Background Studies /Literature Survey

Write the Background Studies/Literature Survey, with font size 12, Times New
Roman font, and 1.5 Line Spacing.

A literature review is a comprehensive summary of previous research progress

on a topic. The literature review surveys scholarly articles (journals conference
proceedings), books, and other sources relevant to a particular area of research [1]. It

1
should give a theoretical base for the research and help the author(s) determine the
nature of project undertaken.

The literature review acknowledges the work of previous researchers, and in so

doing, assures the reader that the project work has been well conceived [2-3]. It is
assumed that by mentioning a previous work in the field of study, that the author has
read, evaluated, and assimilated that work into the work at hand.

1.3 Objectives

Write the project objectives (3-4), with font size 12, Times New Roman font as
as listed below:

1. The research objectives are the final part of clarifying your research project
involves thinking in more detail about your.

2. Research objectives should be closely related to the statement of the problem and
summarize what you hope will be achieved by the study.

3. For example, if the problem identified is low utilization of antenatal care

services, the general objective of the study could be to identify the reasons for this
low uptake, in order to find ways of improving it.

2
 CHAPTER 2
(START FROM NEW PAGE)
METHODOLOGY

2.1 Applied Techniques and Tools

…

3
 CHAPTER 4
(START FROM NEW PAGE)
CHALLLEGES, CONSTRAINTS AND STANDARDS

4.1 Challenges and Remedy

….
….
….
4.2 Design Constraints
….
….
….
4.3 Alternatives and Trade-offs
….
….
….
4.4 Standards (as applicable)
Some examples of standards that might impact design choices:

Standardized network technologies: e.g. Bluetooth, Zigbee/IEEE 802.15.4, IEEE

802.11a/b/g, Internet Protocol—IPv 4 and IPv6, TCP, etc.

Standardized security mechanisms and protocols: IPSEC, SSL/TLS, SMIME, PGP,

SET, Kerberos, AES,etc.

Standards for electric power systems: IEEE 1547, IEEE 2030, UL 1741, etc.

Powerline communication standards: IEEE 1901.2, x10 (an open industry standard

for home automation)

Standardized software development tools, and software environments: Java Software

Development Kits, JVM, JRE, MATLAB, Cadence, Labview, etc.

Standardized software engineering practices: MIL-STD-498, IEEE 12207, POSIX,

etc.

4
Standardized quality management guidelines: ISO 9000, ISO 9001, etc.

Hardware standards: microcontroller standards, plug-and-play standards,

measurement bus standards (GPIB/IEEE 488, PCI, PXI), etc.

Open source standards, software, and operating systems: Linux, Apache server, Gnu,

OpenGL, etc.

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 CHAPTER 5
(START FROM NEW PAGE)
RESULT ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION

5.1 Results Obtained (Tabulation and /or Graphs should be included)

Specifying the technical discussion on different case studies under investigation
provide suitable results obtained in form of graphical representation and/or tabulations.
Further, figure captions should be below the figures; table heads should appear above the
tables. Insert figures and tables after they are cited in the text. Use the abbreviation “Fig.
1”, even at the beginning of a sentence.

Fig. 1: Suitable title to briefly describe the graph

TABLE I. TABLE TYPE STYLES

Marks Obtained
Course
Quizzes Mid-sem Assignment

Maths 12.0 10.5 5

Electronics 10.9 9.0 3

5.2 Analysis and Discussion

….
….
….
6
5.3 Project Demonstration (as applicable)

….
….
….

7
 CHAPTER 6
(START FROM NEW PAGE)
CONCLUSIVE REMARKS

6.1 Conclustion
….
….
….
6.2 Further Plan of Action / Future Work

….
….
….

8
 REFRENCES

(START FROM NEW PAGE)

Sample References listed in order of citation in the text of the report

[1]. Federal Communications Commission, “Revision of part 15 of the commission's

rules regarding ultra-wideband transmission systems,” Tech. Rep., ET-Docket
98-153, FCC 02-48, Apr. 2002.

[2]. J. M. Cramer, R. A. Scholtz and M. Z. Win, “Evaluation of an ultra-wideband

propagation channel,” IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol.
50, no. 5, pp. 561-570, May 2002.

[3]. S. Lee, “Design and Analysis of Ultra-wide Bandwidth Impulse Radio Receiver,”
Ph.D. thesis, electrical engineering department, University of Southern
California, 2002.

[4]. G. R. Aiello and G. D. Rogerson, “Ultra-wideband wireless systems,” IEEE

Microwave Magazine, pp. 36-47, June 2003.

[5]. C. E. Shannon, R. G. Gallager and E. R. Berlekamp, “Lower bounds to error

probability for coding on discrete memoryless channels,” Infor. And Control, vol.
10, pp. 65-103 (Part I), pp. 522-552 (Part II), 1967.

[6]. D. G. Leeper, “A long-term view of short-range wireless,” Computer, vol. 34, no.
6, pp. 39-44, 2001.

[7]. S. Stroh, “Ultra-wideband: multimedia unplugged,” IEEE Spectrum, pp. 23-27,

Sept. 2003.

[8]. T. W. Barret, “History of ultra wideband (UWB) radar & communications:

pioneers and innovators,” Progress in Electromagnetics Symposium 2000,
Cambridge, MA, July 5-14, 2000.

[9]. H. F. Harmuth, Transmission of Information by Orthogonal Functions. Second

Edition, New York: Springer, 1972.

[10]. G. F. Ross and K. W. Robbins, Narrow range-gate baseband receiver. U.S.

Patent 4, 695, 752, Sep. 1987.

9
[11]. M. Z. Win and R. A. Scholtz, “Characterization of ultra-wide bandwidth wireless
indoor channels: a communication theoretic view,” IEEE Journal on Selected
Areas in Communications, vol. 20, no. 9, pp. 1613-1627, Dec. 2002.

[12]. W. Weaver and C. E. Shannon, The Mathematical Theory of Communication

Urbana, Illinois: University of Illinois Press, 1949.

10
 Appendix A: Gantt Chart (SAMPLE)

Jan. Feb. March April May

Background Studies/Literature Survey
Research Gap/Problem Identification
Research on the Project Objective
Hardware/Software/Tool Selection
Formation of Codes/Experiment Design
Trial and Testing
Challenges and Remedy
Assembling of the Prototype/Model
Project Demonstrations
Formation of the Project Report
Finalizing of Project Presentation

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 Appendix B: Project Summary (SAMPLE)
Project Title IoT BASED VITAL BODY PARAMETER TRACKER
Team Members Abhishek Kumar Singh, Akshat Sharma & Shuvam Kumar
Prof. Sunil Kumar Mishra and Dr. Jonathan Joshi
Supervisors
VI / III year
Semester / Year
Project Abstract The objective is to make a system that is easy to use so that the user
doesn’t need much assistance while using the system and make it
portable. The proposed system tackles a lot of concerns of present
day. It collects the various vital parameters including Oxygen
saturation levels, beats per minute (bpm) range, body temperature as
well as the room temperature. This data is displayed to the user and
the information collected is sent to the cloud from where it can be
accessed by the doctors to keep a track of their patients without
being in direct contact reducing chances of getting contaminated. A
noninvasive method is used for collecting data from the patients, so
this leads to a safer collection of data. It ensures the reduction the
chances of getting infected with other contaminating diseases. The
sensors used in this system include MAX30100 for oxygen
saturation and pulse measurement, and LM35 Sensor for body
temperature measurement. The NodeMCU development board is
used in this system. The proposed system makes use of WiFi
technology for the IoT in which “Blynk” application is used to
display the vitals of the patient's health condition in online. This
device is tested for body parameter tracking which are in a specific
range. It is not tested for fractional changes in body parameters. This
project ensures the system integration that is ready for use within an
enterprise. The proposed device cost around INR 1290. However,
devices available with only two facilities, i.e. SpO2 and heart rate
measurement, cost around INR 1800. Additionally, the proposed
device is useful in remote monitoring of the body parameters
whereas devices available in the market provide only local
measurement.

 802.11b/g/n HT40 Wi-Fi transceiver.

List codes and
standards that  The LM35 is rated to operate over a −55˚ to +150˚C
significantly affect your
temperature range.
project.

12
  Blynk server by default tries to use the latest available
protocol TLSv1.3
The two primary constraints of this project are the formation of the
List at least two
significant realistic mobile application (APP) and availability of the wireless
design constraints that
communication such as IEEE 802.11 (b/g/n) standards across rural
are applied to your
project. landscapes of India.

 This device is tested for body parameter tracking which are

Briefly explain two
significant trade-offs in a specific range.
considered in your
design, including  It is not tested for fractional changes in body parameters.
options considered and
the solution chosen
The C language codes have been written for implementing the Vital
Describe the computing
Body Parameter Tracker. This software is compatible with
aspects, if any, of your
NodeMCU.
project. Specifically
identifying hardware-
software trade-offs,
interfaces, and/or
interactions
For this project knowledge from,
Culminating Knowledge
EC 3003 Microprocessors and Microcontrollers
and lifelong learning
EC 3007 Digital Signal Processing
experience
EC 3093 Microprocessor and Microcontroller Lab
EC 4003 Wireless and Mobile Communication,
subjects has been used.

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