ASSIGNMENT – 1 (FEB 2026)
Subject: Programming for Problem Solving (PPS)
BE 1st Year – II Semester
Q1) What do you mean by hardware and software? Discuss how
software is broadly classified.
Hardware: Hardware refers to the physical components of a computer system which can be seen
and touched. Examples include keyboard, mouse, CPU, monitor, printer, and hard disk.
Software: Software is a collection of programs and instructions that tells the computer hardware
how to perform tasks. Examples include Windows, Linux, MS Word, and C programs.
Classification of Software:
1. System Software: Controls and manages computer hardware and provides a platform for
application software. Examples: Operating System, Compiler, Device Drivers.
2. Application Software: Designed to perform specific user tasks. Examples: MS Word, Excel,
Web Browser, Billing Software.
Q2) Draw and explain different symbols of flowchart and its uses.
A flowchart is a graphical representation of an algorithm showing the sequence of steps using
symbols.
Flowchart Symbols:
• Oval – Used to represent Start and End of a program.
• Rectangle – Used for processing or calculations.
• Parallelogram – Used for input and output operations.
• Diamond – Used for decision making (Yes/No).
• Flow lines – Used to show direction of flow.
Uses of Flowchart:
• Easy understanding of logic
• Helps in debugging
• Better documentation
• Improves program planning
Q3) Discuss the structure of C program.
The structure of a C program consists of the following sections:
1. Documentation Section
2. Link Section (#include)
3. Definition Section (#define)
4. Global Declaration Section
5. main() Function
6. User-defined Functions
This structure helps in organized and readable programming.
Q4) List and explain C Tokens.
C Tokens are the smallest individual units of a C program.
Types of C Tokens:
1. Keywords – Reserved words such as int, float, if, else.
2. Identifiers – Names of variables and functions.
3. Constants – Fixed values like 10, 3.14.
4. Operators – Symbols used for operations like +, -, *, /.
5. Special Symbols – Symbols like {}, (), ;, [].
Q5) Explain printf() and scanf() functions using examples.
printf(): Used to display output on the screen.
scanf(): Used to read input from the user.
Example:
int a;
printf("Enter a number");
scanf("%d",&a;);
printf("Number is %d", a);
Q6) What do you mean by Operator Precedence and
Associativity?
Operator Precedence: Determines the order in which operators are evaluated in an expression.
Associativity: Determines the direction of evaluation (left to right or right to left).
Example: 10 + 5 * 2 = 20 (Multiplication has higher precedence).
Q7) Decision making and branching statements in C.
Decision making statements control the flow of execution based on conditions.
Types include:
• if statement
• if-else statement
• else-if ladder
• nested if
• conditional operator (?:)
• switch-case statement
Q8) Write a C program to find whether a number is even or odd.
The program uses modulus operator (%) to check divisibility by 2. If remainder is 0, number is even;
otherwise odd.
Q9) List and explain looping statements in C.
Looping statements are used to execute a block of code repeatedly.
Types of loops:
• while loop
• do-while loop
• for loop
• nested for loop
Q10) Write a C program to print first 10 natural numbers.
This program uses a for loop to print numbers from 1 to 10 sequentially.
Q11) List and explain jump statements in C.
Jump statements transfer control from one part of program to another.
Types of jump statements:
• break – Terminates loop or switch.
• continue – Skips current iteration.
• goto – Transfers control to labeled statement.