NAME:_____________________________________
PERIOD:_______________
Topic 4, Lesson 2: “Bacteria, Protists, and Fungi”
Slide # Section & Notes
1-2 Introduction to Microorganisms
A.Microorganismsare organisms so small you need a_________________to see them.
B. They are_________________(essential) for the survival of all plants and animals
C. The three main groups we'll study are_________________,_________________, and
_________________.
3 1. MY ANSWER:_____
he main, defining difference between a prokaryotic cell and a eukaryotic cell is the presence of a:
T
A.Cell Wall
B.Membrane-bound Nucleus
C.Cell Membrane
D.Ribosom
2. MY ANSWER:_____
Which two domains of life are composed entirely of prokaryotic cells?
A.Animals and Plants
B.Viruses and Prions
C.Bacteria and Archaea
D.Protists and Fungi
3. MY ANSWER:_____
In a prokaryotic cell, where is the genetic material (DNA) located?
A.Inside the mitochondria.
B.Outside the cell membrane.
C.In the cytoplasm, concentrated in a region called thenucleoid.
D.Inside the cell's nucleus.
4. MY ANSWER:_____
Eukaryotic cells are typically much ______________ and more ______________ than prokaryotic
cells.
A.Larger; simple
B.Smaller; simple
C.Larger; complex
D.Smaller; complex
5. MY ANSWER:_____
What is the general name for the small, specialized internal structures (like the mitochondria or
Golgi) that eukaryotes have but prokaryotes generally lack?
A.Cytosol
B.Plasmids
C.Cytoskeleton
D.Organelles
6. MY ANSWER:_____
Which of the following is a kingdom of life that is made up of eukaryotic organisms?
A.All of the above
B.Fungi
C.Archaea
D.Bacteri
7. MY ANSWER:_____
What common structure is responsible for building proteins in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic
cells?
A.Cell Wall
B.Mitochondria
C.Ribosomes
D.Nucleus
8. MY ANSWER:_____
he prefix 'Pro-' in 'Prokaryote' means 'before.' This suggests that prokaryotes:
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A.Have a nucleus that is too small to see.
B.Have a fake nucleus.
C.Evolved before the true nucleus developed.
D.Are the most complex cell type.
9. MY ANSWER:_____
ll living cells have genetic material (DNA), cytoplasm, and which boundary structure?
A
A.Capsule
B.Nucleus
C.Cell Membrane
D.Cell Wall
10. MY ANSWER:_____
The 'catch-all' kingdom of Eukaryotes that includes algae, amoebas, and slime molds is called:
A.Animalia
B.Archaea
C.Protists
D.Plantae
4 he "Old Timers": Archaea
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A. Archaea are Prokaryotes, meaning their cells do not have a _________________.
B. They often live in _________________ environments (like hot springs).
5 and 6 Bacteria: Roles and Shapes
A. Bacteria Roles:
1. Autotrophs: Can make their own _________________.
2. Heterotrophs: Must _________________ for their food.
3. Decomposers: Absorb nutrients from _________________ organisms.
B. Bacteria can be identified by their three basic shapes:
1. _________________ (ball)
2. _________________ (rod)
3. _________________ (spiral)
7 Infectious Bacteria
A. Fewer than _________________% of bacteria are infectious (disease-causing).
B. They cause infections by releasing _________________ (dangerous chemicals).
8 Bacterial Cell Structure
A. The Cell Wall _________________ the cell (like armor).
B. The Cell Membrane controls what substances pass _________________ and _________________
of the cell.
C. Flagella are whip-like "propellers" used to _________________.
9 Bacterial Reproduction
A. Most bacteria reproduce asexually by _________________ (one cell splits into two identical clones).
B. Bacteria can exchange genetic material through _________________ ("shaking hands").
C. This is how traits like _________________ can spread.
11 Protists: The "Weird" Ones
A. Protists are _________________ (they HAVE a nucleus).
B. They are the "catch-all" kingdom and live in _________________ environments.
C. Harmful protists are usually _________________, meaning they benefit from living on or in a
_________________.
D. Example: Giardia (from dirty water) and Plasmodium (causes _________________).
12 Fungi: The Hidden Giants
A. The world's largest organism is a _________________.
B. Fungi are _________________ (have a nucleus) with _________________.
C. They are Heterotrophs that feed by _________________ food.
D. The threadlike tubes that form the structure of fungi are called _________________.
13 Fungi: Friend & Foe
A. Helpful Roles: Penicillin (medicine), _________________ (for bread), Decomposers.
B. Harmful Roles: _________________ (skin infection), Mold, Ringworm.
14
What was the most surprising thing you learned about microbes today?