SSC Class 10 Science Part 2 – Expected Board
Questions with Answers
Chapter 1: Heredity and Evolution
Q. Explain Mendel’s monohybrid cross.
A. Mendel crossed pure tall pea plants with pure dwarf plants. The first generation (F1) showed
only tall plants. When F1 plants were self■pollinated, the F2 generation showed tall and dwarf
plants in a 3:1 ratio. This proved that traits are controlled by factors (genes) and one trait can be
dominant over another.
Q. Law of segregation.
A. During gamete formation, alleles of a gene separate so that each gamete receives only one
allele. They reunite during fertilization.
Q. Homologous and analogous organs.
A. Homologous organs have same origin but different functions, e.g., human hand and bat wing.
Analogous organs have different origin but same function, e.g., wings of bird and insect.
Q. Evidence of evolution from fossils.
A. Fossils are preserved remains of organisms. They show gradual changes in organisms over time
and help us understand evolution.
Chapter 2: Reproduction in Living Organisms
Q. Asexual reproduction.
A. Asexual reproduction involves a single parent and no fusion of gametes. Examples include
binary fission in Amoeba and budding in yeast.
Q. Male reproductive system.
A. It consists of testes, vas deferens, urethra, penis and accessory glands. Testes produce sperms
and hormones.
Q. Female reproductive system.
A. It consists of ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus and vagina. Ovaries produce ova. Fertilization
occurs in fallopian tube and embryo develops in uterus.
Q. Menstrual cycle.
A. If fertilization does not occur, the uterine lining breaks down and is shed as menstrual flow every
28 days.
Chapter 3: Environmental Management
Q. Ecosystem and its components.
A. An ecosystem is interaction between living (biotic) and non■living (abiotic) components. Biotic
components include plants and animals; abiotic include air, water and soil.
Q. Food chain and food web.
A. Food chain shows transfer of energy from producers to consumers. Food web is network of
interconnected food chains.
Q. Biodiversity importance.
A. Biodiversity maintains ecological balance, provides resources and supports life.
Chapter 4: Towards Green Energy
Q. Renewable energy.
A. Energy obtained from naturally replenished sources like solar, wind and water is called
renewable energy.
Q. Biogas plant.
A. Biogas is produced by decomposition of organic waste in absence of oxygen. It is used as clean
fuel for cooking and lighting.
Q. Importance of green energy.
A. Green energy reduces pollution, saves fossil fuels and is sustainable for future generations.
Chapter 5: Animal Classification
Q. Basis of classification.
A. Animals are classified based on body structure, symmetry, backbone and other features.
Q. Vertebrates vs invertebrates.
A. Vertebrates have backbone; invertebrates do not.
Q. Characteristics of mammals.
A. Mammals are warm■blooded, have hair and mammary glands. They give birth to young ones.
Important Long Answers (5 Marks)
Q. Explain ecosystem in detail.
A. An ecosystem consists of biotic components like producers, consumers and decomposers, and
abiotic components like air, water and soil. Energy flows from sun to producers and then to
consumers. Decomposers recycle nutrients back to environment.
Q. Explain human reproductive system in detail.
A. The male reproductive system produces sperms in testes. Sperms travel through vas deferens.
The female reproductive system produces ova in ovaries. Fertilization occurs in fallopian tube and
embryo develops in uterus. This ensures continuation of species.
Q. Explain renewable energy sources.
A. Renewable sources include solar, wind, hydro and biogas. They are non■polluting and
sustainable. They help reduce global warming and conserve fossil fuels.