Choose the correct answer

1. A tool used to lift a heavy load with less effort is called a:

a) Pulley
b) Simple machine
c) Lever
d) Screw
2. Which of the following is a wheel and axle?
a) Knife
b) Door knob
c) Ramp
d) See-saw
3. The bones of our body together form the:
a) Muscular system
b) Skeletal system
c) Digestive system
d) Nervous system
4. The longest bone in the human body is:
a) Femur
b) Rib
c) Skull
d) Spine
5. Which joint allows movement in all directions?
a) Hinge joint
b) Fixed joint
c) Ball and socket joint
d) Pivot joint
6. About how much of the Earth’s surface is covered with water?
a) 1/4
b) 1/2
c) 3/4
d) 1/10
7. Water vapour changing into liquid water is called:
a) Evaporation
b) Condensation
c) Freezing
d) Melting
8. Which of these is NOT a source of fresh water?
a) River
b) Pond
c) Sea
d) Lake
9. Which of these is a fixed joint?
a) Knee
b) Elbow
c) Skull
d) Shoulder
10. Which machine is used to draw water from a well?
a) Lever
 b) Pulley
c) Screw
d) Wedge
11. Which part protects the heart?
a) Backbone
b) Rib cage
c) Skull
d) Pelvis
12. The change of water into ice is called:
a) Melting
b) Freezing
c) Evaporation
d) Condensation
13. A knife is an example of:
a) Pulley
b) Lever
c) Wedge
d) Screw

1. How many bones are there in an adult human body? ___________

2. Which simple machine is used to cut wood? ___________
3. What do we call frozen water? ___________
4. Name the joint present in the neck. ___________
5. Name any one natural source of water. ___________

Section B – Fill in the blanks

1. A sloping surface used to move heavy objects is an ___________.

2. The place where two bones meet is called a ___________.
3. The rib cage protects the ___________ and lungs.
4. The process by which water changes into vapour is called
___________.
5. The framework of bones gives our body ___________ and support.
6. A rope passing over a wheel is called a ___________.
7. The backbone is also called the ___________.
8. The place where bones meet is called a ___________.
9. Rainwater collects in rivers, lakes and oceans. This is called
__________.
10. A crowbar is an example of a ___________.
11. Our body needs water for ___________ and digestion.

Section C – Match the following

Column A Column B

1. Lever a. Protects brain

b. Lifting a bucket from a

2. Skull
well
 Column A Column B

c. Evaporation and
3. Pulley
condensation

4. Water
d. See-saw
cycle

5. Hinge joint e. Elbow

Section D – True or False

1. Muscles alone help us to move. ______

2. Sea water is fit for drinking. ______
3. The skeleton protects our internal organs. ______
4. A wedge is used for cutting objects. ______
5. Rain is a part of the water cycle. ______

Section E – Short Answer Questions

1. What is a simple machine? Give one example.
2. Write two functions of the skeletal system.
3. What is the water cycle?
4. Name two types of joints and give one example of each.
5. What are muscles?
6. Write two uses of water in daily life.
7. What is a lever? Give one example.
8. Name any two bones in our body.
9. If saltwater is left in the sun for many days, what will happen? What
method is this called?
10. Why is it difficult to separate sugar from water once it
dissolves?
11.

Give Reason

1. We should not drink sea water.

2. The skeleton is important for our body.
3. Machines make our work easier.
4. Why is boiling necessary even after filtration?
Identify the simple machine

Write the type of simple machine:

1. Ramp at a parking lot → __________________

2. Bottle cap → __________________
3. Scissors → __________________

A carpenter cuts wood using a saw. A child opens a jar lid by twisting it.
During summer, wet clothes dry quickly in sunlight.
a) The saw is a ___________ (type of simple machine).
b) The jar lid works like a ___________.
c) Why do clothes dry faster in summer? ___________
d) Name the process involved in drying clothes. ___________

Case Study:
Riya uses a ramp to push a heavy box into a truck. Her brother pulls water
from a well using a rope and wheel.

a) Which simple machine is the ramp? ____________________

b) Which simple machine is used in the well? ______________
c) Why are simple machines useful? ______________________
d) Name one more example of a simple machine at home. _________

1. Rohan’s family is moving to a new house. The workers use a long

wooden plank to slide a heavy cupboard into the truck instead of lifting it.

Answer the following:

a) Which simple machine is the wooden plank?

b) Why is it easier to push the cupboard using the plank?
c) What would happen if the plank was very steep?
d) Name one more example of this machine in daily life.

2. In a village, Meena pulls up a bucket of water from a deep well using a

rope that passes over a wheel.

a) Which simple machine is used?

b) How does it make the work easier?
c) What effort is reduced — force or distance?
d) Where else do you see this machine?

3. A carpenter uses:

 a hammer to pull out nails

 a knife to cut wood
 a screwdriver to tighten screws

a) Identify the simple machine in each tool.

b) Which tool acts as a wedge?
c) Which tool acts as a lever?
d) Why are simple machines important in daily life?

4. A child falls while running and injures his arm. The doctor says the bone
is fractured and puts a plaster cast.

a) Which system of the body is injured?

b) Why must the arm be kept still in a plaster cast?
c) Name two functions of bones.
d) Which mineral helps to keep bones strong?

5. A student tries to bend his arm but cannot move it when muscles are
tired after heavy exercise.

a) What helps bones to move?

b) What is the place where two bones meet called?
c) Name the joint in the elbow.
d) Why are exercise and milk important for bones?

6. A cyclist always wears a helmet while riding.

a) Which bone is protected by the helmet?

b) Why is this bone important?
c) Name the organ protected by it.
d) Name another organ protected by the rib cage.

7. Drying Clothes
Wet clothes dry faster on a sunny and windy day but take a long time to
dry on a rainy day.

a) Which process causes the drying of clothes?

b) Why does sunlight help drying?
c) Why do clothes not dry easily in rainy weather?
d) What happens to the water from the clothes?

8. Riya and Aarav were playing near a pond during their science activity.
Their teacher, Mrs. Sharma, asked them to test different objects and
observe whether they float or sink in water.
They collected the following objects:
 A wooden stick
 A plastic bottle cap
 A coin
 A stone
 An empty steel bowl
 An iron nail
They gently placed each object in a bucket filled with water.

1. Which two objects floated in water?

2. Name two objects that sank.
3. Why did the iron nail sink?

9. Class 5 students were asked to design small boats using different

materials for a mini boat race in the school swimming pool.
Four groups made boats using:
 Thermocol
 Aluminium foil
 Clay
  Plastic sheet
They placed their boats in water and added coins one by one to check
how much weight each boat could carry before sinking.
The teacher explained that shape and trapped air play an important role
in floating.

1. Which boat sank immediately? Why?

2. Why did the aluminium foil boat sink after some time?
3. How can the clay boat be changed so that it floats?
4. What does this activity tell us about the shape of objects?
5. If you were to redesign the plastic sheet boat, what would you do to
make it stronger?

10. A village well had water containing:

 Small stones
 Clay particles
 Dissolved minerals
 Leaves
The villagers cleaned the water using:
1. Sedimentation
2. Filtration
3. Boiling
After cleaning, the water looked clear.

1. Which impurities are insoluble?

2. Which impurities are soluble?
3. Which method removes insoluble impurities?
4. Why can dissolved minerals not be removed by filtration?
5. Why is boiling important even if the water looks clear?

✏️Questions

1. Which boat sank immediately? Why?

2. Why did the aluminium foil boat sink after some time?
3. How can the clay boat be changed so that it floats?
4. What does this activity tell us about the shape of objects?
5. If you were to redesign the plastic sheet boat, what would you do to
make it stronger?

🌧️Situation
11. After heavy rains, a village near a river got flooded. Many household
objects were seen floating in water, while some sank.
Villagers noticed:
 Wooden furniture floated.
 LPG cylinders sank.
 Empty plastic drums floated.
 A closed steel trunk floated for some time but later sank.
The science teacher asked students to explain why this happened.
✏️Questions

1. Why did wooden furniture float?

2. Why did LPG cylinders sink?
3. Why did empty plastic drums float?
4. Why did the steel trunk float at first and then sink later?
5. What lesson about floating and sinking can we learn from this
situation?

12. After heavy rainfall, the water stored in Rohan’s house looked dirty.
His mother noticed two types of impurities in the water:
 Small stones and mud particles
 Dissolved salt and sugar
She explained that some impurities can be seen easily, while others
dissolve in water and cannot be seen.

1. Name two soluble impurities in the water.

2. Name two insoluble impurities mentioned.
3. Which method was used to remove mud particles?

13. Riya fell from her bicycle while riding near Juhu Beach. She felt pain in
her leg and could not stand properly. Her parents took her to the hospital
where the doctor suggested an X-ray. The X-ray showed a small crack in
one of the bones of her lower leg. The doctor explained that bones are
hard but can break if too much force is applied. He put a plaster cast on
her leg and told her to avoid putting weight on it. The doctor also
explained that bones contain calcium, which makes them strong.
Children should eat healthy food and exercise regularly to keep bones
strong.

1. What test did the doctor use to see Riya’s bone?

2. Which mineral makes bones strong?
3. What is a crack in a bone called?
4. Why was Riya unable to stand properly?
5. Why did the doctor put a plaster cast on her leg?
6. How does the skeletal system support our body?
7. Why should children avoid jumping from very high places?
8. What kind of food should we eat to keep our bones healthy?
9. Why is exercise important for strong bones?

14. During a science class, Mrs. Sharma showed a model of the human
skeleton. She pointed at the skull and asked students what would happen
if our brain had no protection. She also said that without bones, our body
would be like a soft jelly.

1. Which bone protects the brain?

2. What does the rib cage protect?
3. What is the function of the backbone?
4. Why are bones important for protection?
 5. Imagine if humans had no rib cage. What might happen?

15. During a yoga session in school, students were asked to bend their
arms, rotate their necks, and stretch their legs.
The teacher explained that bones are connected at places called joints.
Types of joints, without joints, we would not be able to move freely.

1. What are joints?

2. Name the type of joint present in the elbow.
3. Which joint allows movement in all directions?
4. Why can’t we move our skull bones?
5. What would happen if our body had no joints?
6. Why do elderly people need more calcium than children?
7. Why do astronauts exercise regularly in space to keep their bones
strong?
8. A person says, “Muscles alone help us move.” Do you agree? Why or
why not?
 1. Which simple machine is
used in the crane?
2. What type of simple machine
is the ramp?
3. Which simple machine is
present in a wheelbarrow?
4. A screwdriver works as which
simple machine?
5. Why is it easier to push a load on a ramp instead of lifting it?
6. How does a pulley help workers lift heavy loads?
7. What will happen if there were no simple machines at construction
sites?
8. Identify two simple machines in your classroom.
1.
Which tool is an example of a wedge?
2. Bottle opener works as which simple machine?
3. A nutcracker is an example of which simple machine?
4. Which simple machine is found in a mixer grinder?
5. How does a wedge help in cutting vegetables?
6. Why does a bottle opener need less effort to open a bottle cap?
7. Give two examples of levers used at home.
8. Why are simple machines useful in the kitchen?

1. Which simple
machine is the
seesaw?
2. The slide is an
example of which
simple machine?
3. Which simple
machine is present
in a Ferris wheel?
4. Why do playground
rides use simple
machines?
5. How does a slide
help children move
easily from top to
bottom?
6. If the fulcrum of a
seesaw is moved
closer to one end,
what will happen?