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Job Design

The document outlines the concepts of job design, job analysis, job description, and job specification, emphasizing their importance in defining job roles and qualifications. It details the steps for preparing job descriptions and specifications, as well as the process of job analysis and various approaches to job design, including specialization and alternatives like job enlargement and rotation. Additionally, it discusses production standards, work measurement techniques, and effective documentation methods for evaluating processes.

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6 views24 pages

Job Design

The document outlines the concepts of job design, job analysis, job description, and job specification, emphasizing their importance in defining job roles and qualifications. It details the steps for preparing job descriptions and specifications, as well as the process of job analysis and various approaches to job design, including specialization and alternatives like job enlargement and rotation. Additionally, it discusses production standards, work measurement techniques, and effective documentation methods for evaluating processes.

Uploaded by

ਅਸ਼ਵਿੰਦਰ ਸਿੰਘ
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Job Design

Job
Job associated terms
Some terms and definitions
 Task
 Duty
 Job
 Position
 Occupation
 Job Family
 Job Analysis Job Description
Job Specification
 Job Design
Job Analysis---Why?
Job Description

The preparation of job description is necessary


before a vacancy is advertised.
It tells in brief the nature of a job.
(It basically describes the duties and
responsibilities of a specific job.)
Steps:
A suggested style:

i. Start each sentence with an action verb.


ii. Use present tense.
iii. Use the word ‘may’ when only some workers
perform the duty and the word ‘occasionally’
when all workers perform at irregular
intervals.
Job Specification

The job specification, a logical outgrowth of a job


description, attempts to describe the key qualifications
necessary for some one to perform the job satisfactorily.
Preparation of Job Specifications

1. Language should be chosen very carefully as the written


words may not convey the reader what the writer intended.
Technical language should be avoided.

2. No over estimation of the requirements should be there.

3. The personnel dept., Supervisors and other job holders


should cooperate for writing.
Process of Job Analysis

• Designing the programme


• Gathering data and
• Presenting data
Job Design
Activities that specify the content of each job and
determine how it is distributed within the organisation.

Traditional steps:

• Identify the general operations problem and the jobs that seen to be
contributing to or causing the problem.
• Carefully analyse and document how work is being performed.
• Analyse the tasks that the jobs comprise.
• Develop and implement new work methods
New Concept:
Breaking apart jobs into tasks and assigning tasks to
different workers according to their special skills,
talents and tools.
Job design considerations

• Approaches to Job design:

Specialisation: The degree to which a job


involves a narrow range of tasks, a high
degree of repetition and presumably, great
efficiency and high quality.
Alternatives to Specialisation

• Job enlargement

• Job rotation

• Job enrichment
Production and Operations Standards

Standards at various levels in organisation:

a)Individual standard
b)Departmental standard
c)Plant standard
Uses of standards

Example:
Standard Cost= Standard Usage X Standard Labour rate

Standard Usage: Industrial Engineering established labour time

Standard Labour rate: The accepted wage rate for standard time
Argument against Standards
Work Measurement

Techniques:

• Ignoring formal work measurement


• Using historical data approach
• Using direct time-study approach
• Using work sampling approach
• Combining approach of (2) &(3)
Effective techniques for documenting and
evaluating processes

a) Flow diagram
b) Process Chart
c) Simulation
Flow Chart
Process Chart
Simulation Models
Digital virtual weaving

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