Gramma reference

and
*
Defining non-defining relative clauses

Defining relative clauses

-
Use to
give extra information that is essential for
understanding person , place ,
or
thing you're talking about.

PitinoidPilothwas , who that whose where which

·
Can replace who with that I who that JasonPrint

Can leave out who that when it refers to the

object of the verb (who that maintaidwinterobras
El objectinsal
That's the bookthat , I
bought for sister.
my

Subject (rari)
-
Can't leave out where or whose Ikmaining where whosea

Es This the stadium where favorite team V

is
my plays .

This the stadium favorite team

is
my plays .
X

Non-defining relative clauses

·

sentence and if the sentence would still make

Use to
give extra in a
you removed it sense .
-

( Person unmade destonnes narsmanonical

separate .
-
Use commas to a
non-defining relative clauses from the main
part
I fi ,
und
non-defining relative clauses on and rifuntions
sister who lives in America
Es
My , ,
work as a chef.

non-defining relative clauses

(nwrthat Pr
Can't use that in
non-defining relative clauses
non-defining relative clauses
-

Relative pronouns

Can't leave out the relative pronouns .

(wing who whose , ,
where
,
which 1)

En
My brother who you met last week
, ,
has size children.

My brother, you met last week ,

has size children .
X
*
Comparatives
·

Comparatives adverbs

With adverbs ending in

-ly <adverb
mobniwnou-ly
Pr more less + adverb Er Can talk less loudly on the phone in a
public place please ?
you ,

With short adverts that don't end in-ly (adverb di Tandnicos-ly

fast + -er

Pr adverb + -er En Owen runs faster than else on the team.

anyone
-
Use much ,
a lot ,
a little , and slightly to make adverbs stronger or weaker.

1 Po much ,
a lot
,
a little ,
not
slightly Pomeinitis adverb night down) Pr much a lot a little slightly + adverb

En You drive much better than I do .

lot
He explains things a more
slowly than other teachers .

Comparatives adjectives
-adjectives 1 syllable (adjective Wages >
adjective + -er

Ess long high, higher

, longer ,

adjectives ending in
-y (adjective andiwor-y) ,
motiy : norrower
Ev
happy ,
happier ,
angry
>
angrier
adjectives two or more
syllable (adjective newabl , more +
adjective
En expensive , more
expensive
-

Zuregular (adjective dur

En
good idwit better ,
far iwid further

·
More or less the same cast

-
to
say something is almost the same or .
equal (Prwnes Noyno Taxanne/noanenoabraion)

En She's less the same

more or
age as me .

·
(Not) as +
adjective + as

-
Use as +
adjective + as to
say
two
things are
equal
. (Prontninio) , as +
adjective + as

Es Today's just as hot as

yesterday.
-
Use not as +
adjective + as to say two
things are not equal (Prvontainin
.
> not as +
adjective + as

En The chocolate here isn't as sweet as in country

my .
 * Third conditional to talk about
imaginary situation in the past and it not happen ,
so it cannot be changed.
Iadmin Tainancia dissemin naam minerado
& nobwribdistra : If +
past perfect ,
would not have + V 3
.
>
past perfect : had + V 3
.

Es If I had studied harder ,

I would have passed the exam.

Can
·

swap the order

of the clauses . (Formnurities >
subject + would have + V 3 .
+ if +
past perfect
Es I would have passed the exam if I had studied harder .
ide164

Use
replace would with could might 19 could/might new

01889
would (d)

Es If I known about the

party ,
I
might have
gone
.

If He had left earlier he could have

, caught the bus.

advice
*
Giving
·
should shouldn't should shouldn't Tracies to

& andmddretwa should shouldn't You should to do homework.

subject
X
: + + V I .
your
~ You should do homework.
You shouldn't be at work if sick. your
Es
you're

to
·

Ought
Mardaddrita Ought to base verb
Pluginst ta
:

Ought to
You ought to travel insurance for
In
get some
your trip .

·
If I were I would wouldn't
you ,

Tarbwridston : If I were
you ,
I would wouldn't base verb

Es If I were I would tell her the truth.

you ,

knesmanagin : I would tell her the truth if I were .

you

suggest recommend

Marridriton :
Subject +
suggest recommend +
[Link]
En I
suggest saving a bit more for the vacation.
money
↑ardwridritua :
Subject +
suggest recommend (that +
person
+ v L
.

En He recommended (thats we book a room on the top floor.

Vocabulary reference
* UNIT G

buttery :

Having a smooth ,
rich taste or texture similar to butter .
(wiswas

Cheesy
·

Tasting strongly of
:
cheese . Commentations
·

chocolatey Tasting strongly :

like chocolate .
Suniantwontnom)
·

creamy
:
Smooth ,
thick ,
similar to crem . Inowwarware
·

fruity :
Having the sweet ,
fresh ,
or aroma of fruit. (Gawidwata
·

meaty :

Tasting like meat or

having a rich
, savory , hearty flavor. (Wirral
·

milky :
Smooth taste or texture similar to milk. (Gonna

oily containing too much oil

having oily texture .
(Wirwan 13
·
:
an
,

salty :

Tasting strongly of salt. (Joina)

spicy Having strong hot flavor from spices Conical

·
:
.
,

watery Containing too much water

:

lacking richness or .
(Javin Pricing
,

*
UNIT 9

·
book accommodation :
reserve a place to stay .
Cool in

·
check out travel advice : look up travel tips info. (aminwimmsnobinos
·

go
abroad : travel to another country (nmsdmdosing
.
·
vacation destination :
place for a holiday
. (ausmummunobina
lose
·
lose a
deposit :

prepaid money
.
(i nioni

·
lose luggage :

bags missing Insidional

my go .
·
make a reservation :
book in advance . Inim006)

·
travel insurance : insurance for travel (disiumscammed
.

unpack my suitcase : take things out .

(loodmonisive

* UNIT 8A

·
Astronauts :
People who
go
to space .
(wroom

space station
:
Orbiting lab for astronauts . (Emoema

spaceship spacecraft Vehicle for travel (aroma

space
· :
.