1.

Which one of the following is not contraindication of chest CT

A. Pulmonary embolism
B. Hypersensitivity to iodinated contrast media
C. Renal failure
D. Heart disorder
2. Which type of chest protocoluses for initial evaluation of interstitial lung disease, it uses without
contrast, high Kv and mAs and no preparation need.
A. Pathology Protocol
B. Chest window protocol
C. HRCT protocol
D. Bone window protocol
3. Thin slice it will produces_________________
A. Low spatial resolution
B. Anatomic detail
C. High spatial resolution
D. B and C
E. Except B and C
4. A 31 year old patient came to CT-room for chest CT examination which the patient positioning is
correct, except one
A. Feet first in the gantry
B. The arm is above the head
C. Head first in the gantry
D. The external laser line in the chine
5. The speed of CT table movement is arranged by___________
A. Pitch
B. Pixel
C. Matrix
D. Table feed
6. Slice thickness determined by_____________
A. Tube collimation
B. Pitch
C. Table feed
D. Pixel
7. Slice increment is determined by______________
A. Pitch
B. Pixel
C. Table feed
D. Tube collimation
8. Which one of the following abdominal CT protocol true except one
A. Start scan parameter- above diaphragm
B. End scan parameter- below symphysis pubis
C. Breathing- inspiration
D. Supine / Feet First
9. Kume 30 years old come to CT room for chest CT examination which one is not correct
A. Supine/ Feet first
B. Breathing- inspiration
C. Start scan- Above Apices
D. End scan- below diaphragm
E. None
10. Which one of the following is true about CT Colonography protocol, except one?
A. Supine/Prone/Feet First
B. Breathing- Expiration
C. Start scan- Above Diaphragm
D. End scan- symphysis pubis
E. None
11. Which one is correct protocol of CT Cystography?
A. Supine/ Feet First
B. Start scan- above crest
C. End scan- below symphysis pubis
D. All
12. Lomi is come to CT room for kidney diagnosis the physician is order/he want to see arterial structure
the technologist from ______________start scan and _____________end scan
A. Above diaphragm/ iliac crest
B. Above kidney/ below bladder
C. Xyphoid/ Symphysis pubis
D. Sternal Notch/ iliac crest
13. From above question For Delayed kidney protocol start scan___________ and end scan___________
A. Xyphoid/ Symphysis pubis
B. Above diaphragm/ iliac crest
C. Above kidney/ below bladder
D. None
14. For pelvic CT protocol which one is true?
A. Supine/ Feet first
B. Start scan – above crest
C. End scan – below symphysis pubis
D. All are true
15. For Chest CT Protocol which one is true?
A. Supine/ feet first, Inspiration
B. Start scan- above Apices
C. End scan- below adrenal gland
D. All
16. A 30 year the weight is 68 kg come to CT scan room for abdominal examination, the patient
complain is right upper quadrant pain. The technologist to give contrast for this patient how amount
of contrast used?
A. 100 cc (<70kg)
B. 120 cc (70-90kg)
C. 150 cc (>90kg)
D. 170 cc
17. Late arterial phase hyper vascular liver tumors get their 100% of blood supply from hepatic artery
A. HCC
B. FNH
C. Hemangioma
D. Adenoma
E. All
18. Hepatic/portal venous phase hypovascular liver tumors enhance on hepatic phase
A. Metastasis
 B. HCC
C. Adenoma
D. None
19. Which one of the following feature of liver mass- complex cyst on CT
A. Hypodense (Simple cyst)
B. Hyperdense
C. Hypointense
D. Hyperintense
20. A 34 year old patient come to CT scan examination for RUQ, after examination the patient have
liver hemangioma, the feature is well defined, “centripetal” enhancement. What is the feature of
hemangioma see on CT scan?
A. Hyperdense
B. Hypodense
C. Hyperintense
D. Hypointense
21. A 56 year old patient present with the associated symptoms of jaundice due to obstruction of CBD,
After CT examination the patient have pancreatic carcinoma. Which one of the following is the
most common cancer and the most common located of pancreatic cancer?
A. Ductal adenocarcinoma- pancreatic head
B. Ductal adenocarcinoma- pancreatic body
C. Ductal adenocarcinoma- pancreatic tail
D. Ductal adenocarcinoma- pancreatic Tip
22. A 40 year old patient has occur a car accident in head injury, the physician order for skull CT scan.
Which one of the following is the gold standard technique for head injury?
A. Axial non-contrast
B. Axial with contrast
C. Coronal non-contrast
D. Coronal with contrast
23. The old patient arrive emergency room due to head injury, after CT scan evaluation the head feature
is appear well-defined, high-attenuation lenticular or biconvex extra-axial collections,
associated mass effect with sulcal effacement and midline shift (subfalcine shift) is frequently
seen. Usually will not cross cranial sutures but, can extend along the falx. Which one of the
following the above feature is usually the Axial CT scan of a __________________
A. Subdural Hematoma
B. Epidural Hematoma
C. Dural Hematoma
D. Intracerebral Hematoma
24. On axial CT _______________ appear as crescent shaped extra-axial collections of high attenuation
during acute, changes the appearance with time but, acute time high attenuation (hyper dense),
chronic time low attenuation (hypo dense), occasionally acute subdural blood may be isodense or
hypodense in patients with severe anemia or active extravasation. Most located on supratentorial,
located along the convexity, they are also frequently seen along the falx and tentorium, the collection
will not cross these structures.
A. Dural Hematoma
B. Epidural Hematoma
C. Subdural Hematoma
D. Intracerebral Hematoma
25. On CT ___________________ is appears as linear areas of high attenuation within the cisterns and
sulci
 A. Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
B. Epidural Hematoma
C. Intracerebral Hematoma
D. None
26. ______________ is one of the most common types of primary neuronal injury in patients with severe
head trauma, most common CT finding small, petechial hemorrhages at the gray– white junction of
the cerebral hemispheres or corpus callosum.
A. Intracerebral Hematoma
B. Dural Hematoma
C. Diffuse axonal injury (DAI)
D. A & C
27. CT Brain imaging most often axial orientation the Gantry______________ degree to OML is
allows lowest slice to provide an image of both the upper cervical, foramen magnum, and roof
of orbit
A. 30-35 Degree
B. 20-25 Degree
C. 10-15 Degree
D. 5-10 Degree
28. Indications of Brain scan which one is without Contrast media used?
A. Dementia
B. Craniocerebral trauma, Post evacuation follow up of hematomas
C. Hydrocephalus, Acute infarcts
D. All
29. CT Brain imaging which section is helpful in evaluation of Pituitary gland, Sella turcica, Facial
bones and Sinuses?
A. Oblique Section
B. Sagittal Section
C. Coronal Section
D. Axial Section
30. Which of the following does not produce a transverse axial sectional image?
A. computed tomography
B. conventional tomography
C. conventional radiography
D. computerized axial tomography
31. Who developed the first clinically useful CT scanner?
A. Kuhl
B. Hounsfield
C. Cormack
D. Kalender
32. Which company pioneered the development of the first useful CT scanner for imaging the head?
A. General Electric Medical Systems
B. Siemens
C. Elscint
D. EMI
33. Who shared the Nobel Prize in Medicine and Physiology for his contribution to the development of CT?
A. Kuhl
B. Ledley
C. Cormack
D. Kalender
34. Who played a significant role in the development of spiral CT?
 A. Kalender
B. Cormack
C. Ledley
D. Edwards

35. Which of the following is true?

A. An analog computer is used to produce images in CT.
B. Volume scanning involves scanning the body one slice at a time.
C. Two essential components of a digital image processing system are the ADC and the DAC.
D. Quality control is not so well established in CT.
36. The primary goal of spiral/helical CT scanning is to:
A. improves the volume coverage speed performance.
B. improves the diagnostic skills of the radiologist.
C. make use of lower mA values.
D. scan children who are difficult to handle.
37. Which of the following applications of volume CT is based on volume formulation, classification, and
image projection?
A. CT fluoroscopy
B. CT angiography
C. 3D imaging
D. CT endoscopy
38. Windowing in CT is an example of:
A. Geometric operation.
B. Local operation.
C. Global operation.
D. Point processing operation
39. A patient is having a CAT scan of the head. After injecting contrast, the patient complains of nausea and
having problems breathing. What type of shock is the patient experiencing?
A. Septic
B. Anaphylactic
C. Cardiogenic
D. Neurogenic
40. A 25-year-old female patient with a clinical history of cough of three days duration came to a
radiology department with OPD physician order of CT scan of the chest. Up on taking the history of
the patient, a technologist noticed that the patient has seen her menstruation two months ago. What is
the best measure that the technologist can take in his case?
A. Apply radiation protection method and proceed with the examination
B. Proceed with the examination carefully to avoid repetition of the procedure
C. Discus with the ordering physician for possible alternative imaging modalities
D. Decrease the scan time to avoid excessive dose to the patient
41. A 30-year-old postpartum women presents with new headaches examined by contrast enhanced CT.
The technologist reconstructed the image using maximum intensity projection (MIP) post-processing
technique on the workstation monitors. What is the most appropriate next step in image processing?
A. Remove the patient from radiology information system (RIS)
B. Check errors in Electronic medical record firewall (EMR)
C. Copy the images as digital imaging and communication in medicine (DICOM)
D. Send the image through picture archiving and communication system (PACS)
42. A 53-year-old patient presented to an emergency department in complaining of hip pain and the
physician ordered hip joint CT including proximal femur. The technologist scanned the patient as per
the physician’s request and conducted multi-planer reformat (MPR) for hip joint. What is the most
appropriate planning technique applied by the technologist?
 A. Sagittal MPR programmed from an AP scout.
B. Coronal MPR programmed from axial image
C. Coronal MPR programmed from coronal image
D. Axial MPR programmed from an axial image
43. A56-year-old women with a history of renal mass came to a CT scan unit. The examination is
performed to evaluate a renal mass; scans are typically taken before the contrast bolus and also after
IV contrast administration. The nephrogram phase was seen from 80 to 120 seconds after the contrast
bolus. What is the most appropriate next step for the better characterization of the lesion?
A. The excretory phase begins at 3 and last 35 minutes
B. The excretory phase begins at 2 and last 5 minutes
C. The excretory phase begins at 2 and last 10 minutes
D. The excretory phase begins at 3 and last 15 minutes
44. A 70-year-old patient with a history of hearing loss came to a radiology department for temporal bone
CT-scan examination. A technologist is ready to perform the examination. What is the most
appropriate protocol applied for this case?
A. Helical scan starting from tempomandibular joint to mastoid
B. Axial scan starting from tempomandibular joint to mastoid
C. Helical scan starting from mastoid process to petrous ridge
D. Axial scan starting from mastoid process to petrous ridge
45. A patient came to a radiology department for neck CT examination without contrast. The technologist
on duty confirmed the request and performed the examination. The image performed without contrast
showed slightly hyper dense structure around the trachea homogenous and largely symmetrical. What
is the most likely structure seen on the image?
A. Thyroid gland
B. Esophagus
C. Carotid artery
D. Subclavian vein
46. A patient came to a radiology department for neck CT examination without contrast. A technologist
wants to position the patient by applying proper positioning technique. What is the most appropriate
method used to position the patient?
A. Apply collimation
B. Tilt the gantry
C. Adjust table movement
D. Use laser light
47. A patient has come to a radiology department for brain CT-scan examination with a history of visual
loss and headache. The technologist who is performing the scan has observed a well-defined lesion on
one of the slices. What is the most appropriate protocol that the technologist needs to apply next?
A. Change the window setting
B. Continue to reconstruction
C. Include a coronal protocol
D. Add a post-contrast protocol
48. A patient with a history of lung disease came to a radiology department for chest CT-scan
examination. What are the best start and end location for this scan?
A. Above the diaphragm and below umbilicus
B. Below the diaphragm and above the umbilicus
C. Below the apices and above the diaphragm
D. Above lung apices and below cost phrenic angle
49. A patient with a history of smoking cigarette for a long duration came to a clinic with a request form
for CT examination of a thorax. The clinical finding was diffuse lung disease. What is the most
appropriate protocol for the diffuse lung disease?
A. Starting location is the vertex of the head
 B. Select high resolution protocol
C. Select routine protocol
D. End location is pubic symphysis
50. A technologist came to a CT examination room for his duty as usual. A lot of patients have already
come in the morning for their respective examination according to their schedule. Before bringing the
patent to examination room, the technologist made sure that the room was clean. What should be the
next step taken in this case?
A. Call in the patient to the examination room according to their arrival time
B. Educate patient about the CT procedure
C. Rearrange patients according to their clinical scenario
D. Perform scanner calibration and tube warm-up procedure
51. A technologist during an intravenous urography procedure took a scout film on a digital computed
radiography machine. When the image was displayed for post-processing on the screen, a chest x-ray
image was overlapped on top of the scout image as a ghost from a previously conducted examination.
What is the most appropriate measure to be taken in this case?
A. Checking the location of grid
B. Collimating while exposing
C. Compressing the image
D. Erasing the image plate the scan is taken
52. A technologist is evaluating post- contrast axial chest CT scan image. Then, the technologist scroll
down the scot image to the level of ninth thoracic vertebrae. What is the most appropriate location of
the descending aorta with respect to the heart?
A. Superior
B. Anterior
C. Posterior
D. Right side
53. A technologist is performing a cervical spine CT scan examination for a 40-year-old patient with a
clinical indication of fracture. The technologist took the scout film. What are the most likely start and
end point of the scan range?
A. Mid orbit and mid T1
B. Just above the skull base and mid T1
C. Mid orbit and just above T1
D. Just below the skull base and mid T1
54. Effect of radiation dose could be limited by principles of justification, optimization and limitation. In
those instances where radiation doses to the patient are unusually high, there needs to be a measure of
optimization. What appropriate measure of optimization could be used?
A. Adjusting slice parameters
B. Customizing CT examinations
C. Establishing diagnostic reference level
D. Checking detector efficiency
55. An abdominal CT was requested for a 30 yr. old male patient who come to the radiology department
with complain of RUQ pain. The pre-contrast scan was done and you see a liver lesion as a
technologist what would be your next move?
A. Let the patient go
B. Let the physician decide your next move
C. Give patient contrast scan post contrast
D. Check on patient creatinine and scan post contrast
56. A 26 wks pregnant woman sent to CT exam with the history of server trauma to the head. The
physician wants to r/o skull fracture and internal hemorrhage. As a technologist what would you do to
decrease the patient radiation dose besides shielding the patient.
A. Increase pitch
 B. Decrease pitch
C. Increase slice thickness
D. Decrease slice thickness
57. A sinus CT was requested for a patient with a dental filling. Which one of the following two
strategies can reduce the effect of the dental filling in the acquired image?
A. high mA and short scan time
B. small focal spot and small display filed
C. low kVp and high contrast or bone algorithm
D. adjust the angle of the gantry and widen the width
58. CT scan was done for a 84 yrs old patient and in the CT pinecone shaped calcified structure was
seen, what would be the most likely brain structure seen
A. Pineal gland
B. Choroid plexus
C. Caudate nucleus
D. Middle cerebral artery
59. A physician has requested a routine brain CT examination to be performed. A technologist has
appropriately positioned the patient and is ready to start the scan.
What is the most important initial step the technologist has to apply?
A. Start to acquire axial slice images
B. Start to acquire AP scout image
C. Start to acquire sagittal slice images
D. Start to acquire coronal slice images
60. An abdominal CT exam was requested for a 45-year-old male patient with a history of alcoholism
presenting with abdominal distension and breathing difficulty. The technologist was able to visualize,
on the axial section, an organ that occupied the majority of the right upper quadrant showing variable
appearance after intravenous contrast was injected.
What organ has the technologist observed?
A. Head of the pancreas
B. Inferior vena cava
C. Gallbladder
D. Liver
61. End of the scan for brain CT scan
A. above skull base
B. above vertex
C. below vertex
D. below skull base
62. How can we calculate the contrast dose for abdominal CT scan examination
A. 1.1kg of patient
B. 0.2xkg of patient
C. 2.1xkg of patient
D. 0.1xkg of patient
63. How can we calculate the contrast dose for brain CT scan examination
A. 1.1xkg of patient
B. 2.1xkg of patient
C. 0.2xkg of patient
D. 0.1xkg of patient
64. In CT, the attenuation values are measured in Hounsfield unit. An attenuation value of - ( zero) HU
corresponds to
A. Water
B. Air
C. Fat
 D. Very dense bone structure

65. Ring artifacts occurs in CT scan due to

A. Detector
B. Anode
C. Table
D. Cathode
66. A 75-year-old male patient came to a radiology unit with a chief complaint of back pain. He has a
history of car accident lasting 7 hours duration. The physician requested cervical spine CT
examination for diagnosis of cervical bone fracture and dislocation. A technologist plan to perform
cervical spine CT examination. What is the most appropriate starting location for above case?
A. Just above skull base
B. Mid C1
C. Just below skull base
D. Mid T1
67. A 27-year-old male patient comes from adult emergency department for brain CT scan with the
history of 7hrs motor cycle accident and his GCS was under 9. On axial CT brain window
demonstrates right side hyper dense convex shape findings. What is the most likely diagnosis for this
patient?
A. Contusion
B. Epidural hematoma
C. Subdural hematoma
D. Subaranchoid hemorrhage
68. A 37-year-old male patient comes from adult emergency department for brain CT scan examination
with the history of 4hrs motor cycle accident and his GCS was under 9. The physician wants to rule
out diffuse skull fracture in patient. What is the most appropriate CT window used for this case?
A. Lung filter
B. Bone window
C. Brain window
D. Soft tissue window
69. A 27-year-old male patient came to a radiology unit with a chief complaint of chest pain. He has a
history of car accident lasting 7 hours duration. The physician requested chest CT examination for
diagnosis of hem pneumothorax and laceration to lung parenchyma. A technologist plan to perform
chest CT examination. What is the most appropriate CT window used for above case?
A. Soft tissue window
B. Thin slice chest window
C. Lung window
D. Bone window
70. A physician has requested a routine brain CT examination to be performed. A technologist has
appropriately positioned the patient and is ready to start the scan. What is the most important initial
step the technologist has to apply?
A. Start to acquire axial slice images
B. Start to acquire AP scout image
C. Start to acquire coronal slice images
D. Start to acquire sagittal slice images
71. A 51-year-old female patient came to a radiology unit with a history of flank pain of 5 months
duration. The surgeon requested a CT scan examination to rule out renal stone and hydronephrosis. A
technologist prepared the patient to perform the CT examination. What is the most appropriate
protocol applied to this patient?
A. CT urography
 B. Abdominal CT with contrast
C. CTA abdominal cut off
D. Abdominal CT without contrast
72. A 27-year-old male patient came to a radiology unit with a chief complaint of chest pain. He has a
history of car accident lasting 7 hours duration. The physician requested chest CT examination for
diagnosis of rib fracture and laceration to lung parenchyma. A technologist plan to perform chest CT
examination. What is the most appropriate starting location for above case?
A. Just below costophrenic angle
B. Just below lung apices
C. Just above costophrenic angle
D. Just above lung apices
73. A 57-year-old female patient comes from emergency department with history of cough and chest pain
of three weeks duration. The physician requested chest CT scan examination for diagnosis of diffuse
lung disease. What is the most appropriate protocol used for this patient?
A. HRCT
B. Non +IBM-contrast and post contrast chest CT
C. Pulmonary CTA
D. Chest CT with contrast
74. An 83-year-old male patient+AGA-s axial brain CT image shows hyper dense structure in the anterior
flexi cerebral region that mimics acute intracranial bleeding. A medical radiology technologist
performed the brain CT examination wants to differentiate calcified flax cerebral from acute
intracranial bleeding. What is the most appropriate window used for this case?
A. Soft tissue brain window
B. Sagittal sinus window
C. Bone window
D. Axial brain window
75. An abdominal CT exam was requested for a 45-year-old male patient with a history of alcoholism
presenting with abdominal distension and breathing difficulty. The technologist was able to visualize,
on the axial section, an organ that occupied the majority of the right upper quadrant showing variable
appearance after intravenous contrast was injected. What is most common structure visualized in this
case?
A. Gallbladder
B. Liver
C. Head of the pancreas
D. Inferior vena cava
76. A 30-year-old trauma patient presents after assault to the head with metal rod and lost consciousness.
Patient is mumbling and incoherent, eyes open to painful stimuli and withdraw to pain. A non-
contrast Brain CT scan was done and shows hyperdense area with biconvex shape. What is the most
likely diagnosis?
A. Intra-ventricular hemorrhage
B. Subdural hematoma
C. Subarachnoid hemorrhage
D. Epidural hematoma
77. An 85-year-old woman came to a radiology unit with chief complaints of back pain and unable walk
alone for a CT examination of the lumbar spine after sustaining a falling down accident of 4 hours
duration. What is the most appropriate position used for this patient?
A. Prone with head first
B. Prone with feet first
C. Supine with head first
D. Supine with feet first
78. A 57-year-old female patient came to a radiology unit from emergency department with complaints of
productive cough and chest pain lasting three weeks. The physician requested chest CT scan
examination for diagnosis of interstitial lung disease. What is the most appropriate CT window used
for this patient?
A. Bone window
B. Soft tissue window
C. Lung window
D. Abdominal window
79. A 30-year-old man has been involved in a Road Traffic Accident (RTA). Aortic injury is suspected.
CT angiogram shows a fusiform dilatation at the anteromedial aspect of the aortic isthmus with a
steep contour superiorly, gently merging with the proximal descending thoracic aorta inferiorly. What
is the likely diagnosis?
A. Pseudoaneurysm
B. Coarctation of the aorta
C. Ductus diverticulum
D. Aortic nipple
E. Avulsed left subclavian artery
80. A contrast CT scan shows an incidental renal cyst that is hyperdense with thick septations and a
mural nodule. What is the Bosniak classification?
A. Type 1
B. Type 2
C. Type 2
D. Type 3
E. Type 4
81. A 50-year-old builder is involved in a high-speed RTA. CT is performed according to trauma
protocol, demonstrating extra-peritoneal rupture of the bladder. Which of the following best describes
this?
A. Contrast pooling in the paracolic gutters.
B. Contrast outlining small bowel loops.
C. Flame-shaped contrast seen in the perivesical fat.
D. CT cystogram is usually normal.
E. Intramural contrast on CT cystogram.
82. A 30-year-old woman presents with shortness of breath and fatigue. CT shows enlargement of the
right atrium, right ventricle and pulmonary artery and normal appearance of the left atrium. What is
the most likely diagnosis?
A. VSD – Ventricular Septal Defect
B. ASD – Atrial Septal Defect
C. Bicuspid aortic valve
D. Coarctation of the aorta
E. Mitral valve disease
83. A nursing home resident is found to have a lung tumour and undergoes CT staging of the chest and
abdomen. This reveals a discrete lesion medial to the second part of the duodenum with a fluid–fluid
level. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A. Duplication cyst
B. Duodenal diverticulum
C. Duodenal web
D. Annular pancreas
E. Adenocarcinoma of the duodenum
84. A taxi driver has had recurrent episodes of abdominal pain. On CT, a lesion is seen within the head of
the pancreas. Pancreatic duct dilatation is noted with a normal CBD and atrophy of the body and tail
of the pancreas. ERCP demonstrates thick mucus material discharging from the bulging papilla. What
is the most likely diagnosis?
A. Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma
B. Serous cystadenocarcinoma
C. Main duct IPMN (Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasm)
D. Pancreatic pseudocyst
E. Pancreatic adenocarcinoma
85. A 60-year-old heavy smoker presents with haematuria. US KUB shows a midline fluid-filled cavity
with mixed echogenicity and calcification adjacent to the bladder wall. CT shows a focal low-
attenuation enhancing mass along a cord-like structure extending from the bladder to the umbilicus.
What is the most likely diagnosis?
A. Complex urachal cyst
B. Vescico urachal diverticulum
C. Urachal adenocarcinoma
D. Transitional cell carcinoma
E. Urachal rhabdomyosarcoma
86. A 7-year-old boy with a history of a penetrating injury from a tree branch was sent for CT orbits for
further assessment. Which of the following statements regarding the CT detection of intra-orbital
foreign bodies is false?
A. Size, type and location of glass foreign body (FB) affects detection.
B. Wooden FB is hyperattenuating.
C. Old wood can be mistaken for air.
D. Attenuation of wood changes with water content.
E. CT can demonstrate metal FB less than a millimetre.
87. A 40-year-old man who is a known hypothyroid patient, presents with weight loss and dull pain in the
flank and back. He undergoes an abdominal CT. Regarding retroperitoneal fibrosis, all of the
following is seen on imaging, except
A. Medial deviation of the ureters in the middle third, typically bilateral.
B. CT shows soft-tissue mass displacing the aorta anteriorly.
C. T2W MRI shows variable signal.
D. PET CT has high sensitivity.
E. Hydronephrosis is evident on CT urogram.
88. Abnormal high density is noted in the vitreous on CT orbits, suggesting the presence of blood in the
posterior chamber. All of the following conditions are potential causes of vitreous haemorrhage,
except
A. Intra-ocular tumour
B. Abnormal vascularisation of the retina
C. Terson syndrome
D. Corneal abrasion
E. Trauma
89. A 40-year-old man undergoes a CT KUB for renal colic, which shows an incidental finding of an 8-
mm lesion in Segment VIII of the liver. Further characterisation of this lesion with MRI shows it to
be low signal on T1W and high signal on T2W. On the dynamic phase, it shows peripheral nodular
enhancement with centripetal filling.
What is the most likely diagnosis?
A. FNH
B. Adenoma
C. Haemangioma
D. Early appearance of Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC)
E. Cholangiocarcinoma
90. A 58-year-old man with facial fractures shows deformity of the globe on unenhanced axial CT, but it
is unclear if there is an open-globe injury. All of the following CT findings suggest an open-globe
injury, except
A. Intra-ocular air
B. Lens dislocation
C. Scleral discontinuity
D. Flat tire sign
E. Deep anterior chamber
91. A 90-year-old man is admitted following intermittent episodes of bright red rectal bleeding. He is
haemodynamically stable on initial assessment. OGD and flexible colonoscopy are normal. He
subsequently has another bleed on the surgical ward and is then referred for a CT mesenteric
angiogram. Which of the following statements is false regarding CT mesenteric angiography?
Severe bleeding episodes, such as those manifesting with hemodynamic instability,
A. decrease the pretest probability of a positive result for active bleeding at CT angiography.
B. Active bleeding must be present during the time contrast is injected into the vascular system in
order to demonstrate the site of bleeding.
C. Portal venous phase imaging depicts extravascular blushes with higher sensitivity than arterial
phase imaging does.
D. Retention of previously administered barium in colonic diverticula may be mistaken for, or may
obscure, acute extravasation of contrast material.
E. Hyperattenuating material within the bowel lumen on the unenhanced scan without additional
findings in the contrast-enhanced phases indicates recent haemorrhage.
92. A 25-year-old man undergoing abdominal CT shows the presence of bridging renal tissue across the
midline at the level of the lower poles, consistent with a horseshoe kidney.
All the following are recognised associations, except
A. Bicornuate uterus
B. Cardiac anomaly
C. Undescended testis
D. Tracheo-oesophageal fistula
E. Anorectal malformation
93. A 5-year-old boy involved in an RTA is referred for a trauma CT scan. The reporting radiologist does
not find any acute abnormality. However, there are other incidental findings on the scan suggestive of
malrotation. Which of the following options is the most specific feature of gut malrotation on CT?
A. SMV (superior mesenteric vein) anterior to the SMA (superior mesenteric artery)
B. SMV to the right of the SMA
C. Whirl sign around the SMA
D. DJ (duodenojejunal) flexure to the right of the midline
E. SMV to the left of the SMA
94. A 17-year-old girl is brought to the emergency department with sudden onset abdominal pain. She is
known to have a cardiac tumour. On examination, she is hypotensive, peritonitic, and undergoes an
urgent CT abdomen and pelvis. This shows bilateral large renal masses; the largest on the right
measures 12 cm with multiple low-attenuation areas of −20 HU with large tortuous vessels and
contrast extravasation into the retroperitoneum. These features are associated with
A. Von Hippel–Lindau
B. Neurofibromatosis type 1
C. Sturge–Weber syndrome
D. Tuberous sclerosis
E. Amyloidosis
95. A 60-year-old woman presents with abdominal cramps and watery diarrhoea associated with flushing
of the face. A CT colonography study is performed, as the patient is unable to tolerate optical
colonoscopy. The colon and rectum are normal, but there is ileal thickening and a 2-cm partly
calcified mass in the small bowel mesentery with surrounding desmoplasia. Carcinoid is suspected.
Which of the following statements is true about small bowel carcinoid tumours?
A. Carcinoid syndrome has higher morbidity and mortality than the tumour itself.
B. Over 60% have carcinoid syndrome.
C. Carcinoid tumours are associated with neurofibromatosis type II.
D. They most commonly occur in the colon.
E. They commonly cause osteolytic metastasis to bone.
96. A 50-year-old woman with long-standing abdominal pain, weight loss and poor appetite undergoes a
CT abdomen and pelvis. This shows mesenteric thickening with a fine stellate pattern extending to
the bowel border. The mesenteric mass does not displace the mesenteric vessels masses and shows a
fat ring sign. The most likely diagnosis is
A. Retroperitoneal fibrosis
B. Carcinoid
C. Sclerosing mesenteritis
D. Epiploic appendagitis
E. Lymphoma
97. A 56-year-old man undergoing CT urogram displays an incidental lesion in his right adrenal gland.
He is asymptomatic apart from pain in the left loin, which is currently being investigated. All these
features suggest that adrenal carcinoma is more likely than a benign adenoma, except
A. Size more than 5 cm
B. Delayed washout
C. HU value of <37 on delayed contrast enhanced CT
D. Involvement of right kidney
E. Peripheral nodular enhancement
98. A 66-year-old man undergoing a routine staging contrast-enhanced CT chest shows a focal non-
enhancing smoothly marginated homogeneous dumbbell-shaped mass of fat attenuation confined to
the interatrial septum. All of the following features may be associated with lipomatous hypertrophy of
the interatrial septum of the heart, except
A. Fatty atrial septum exceeding 2 cm in transverse diameter.
B. Related to chronic corticosteroid use.
C. It is bright on T1 and dark on fat-suppressed images.
D. It is a recognised cause of SVC syndrome.
E. Enhances avidly post-contrast.
99. A motorcyclist is brought into the A&E department with limb fractures and neck pain. Preliminary
cervical spine radiographs review mild anterolisthesis (~10%) at C4/5 with slight overlap of the facet
joints. CT shows a right ‘naked facet’ sign at this level.
What statement is false in regard to this injury?
A. It is an unstable injury.
B. Anterolisthesis is a common finding.
C. It is a stable injury.
D. There is widening of the interspinous space.
E. It is often associated with a neurological deficit.
100. A 76-year-old woman has been rushed to the stroke unit with features of acute stroke. A CT brain
obtained in the A&E department on arrival is normal. A conventional MRI brain is performed. Which
of the following statements regarding the imaging evaluation of an acute cerebral infarction by MR is
false?
A. It may demonstrate parenchymal microhaemorrhages on SWI (susceptibility weighted
imaging).
B. SWI shows intraparenchymal haemorrhage within hours.
C. SWI is based on homogeneity of magnetic field.
D. Deoxyhaemoglobin produces a non-uniform magnetic field.
E. Microbleeds on SWI are a risk factor for intracranial haemorrhage after stroke.
101. Follow-up CT chest done on a 71-year-old man with previous history of malignancy shows a
mass lesion in the heart. It is new compared to previous CT scans and is determined to represent a
metastatic deposit. Which of the following types of malignancy is most likely to be the primary in this
case?
A. Colonic
B. Oesophageal
C. Bronchogenic
D. Renal cell
E. Astrocytoma
102. A 42-year-old man presents with a high-grade fever, splenomegaly and abdominal pain. CT chest
and abdomen done to look for a source of sepsis show multiple small cavitating lesions in both lungs
with areas of hypo-attenuation in the spleen and kidneys. Which of the following is the most likely
diagnosis?
A. Sarcoidosis
B. Carcinoid heart disease
C. Amyloidosis
D. Infective endocarditis
E. Rheumatic heart disease
103. A 50-year-old woman has a CT abdomen and pelvis for non-specific abdominal pain. The scan
shows a 7-cm low-density lesion in segment VII of the liver with heterogeneous enhancement in
arterial and portal venous phase. An MRI liver is performed for further characterisation and shows a
large lobulated mass with low signal on T1W and intermediate to high signal on T2W. On the
dynamic post-contrast T1 scans, it shows enhancement in the arterial phase with a non-enhancing
central scar, which later enhances in the delayed phase. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A. Focal nodular hyperplasia
B. Fibrolamellar HCC
C. Adenoma
D. Haemangioma
E. Hepatocellular carcinoma
104. A 76-year-old man with known cerebral atrophy and dementia has been unsteady on his feet for
the last 2–3 weeks following a fall down a flight of three steps. There is a small external cut in the
parietal region of the scalp, but he was never brought to the A&E department. A CT brain has been
performed to investigate his unsteady gait. It shows a large isodense subdural haemorrhage. All of the
following are expected findings on the CT, except
A. Fourth ventricle enlargement
B. Lateral ventricle compression
C. Effacement of the cortical sulci
D. Midline shift
E. White matter buckling
105. A 1-year-old boy is brought to the A&E department by his parents with head injury after falling
off a sofa. The on-call paediatrician strongly suspects non-accidental injury. Which of the following
features on unenhanced CT is most consistent with this?
A. Bilateral occipital extradural haemorrhage
B. Bilateral occipital subdural haemorrhage
C. Subarachnoid haemorrhage
D. Parietal skull fracture
E. Bilateral frontal subdural haemorrhage
106. A physician has requested a routine brain CT examination to be performed. A technologist has
appropriately positioned the patient and is ready to start the [Link] is the most important initial
step the technologist has to apply?
A. Start to acquire axial slice images
B. Start to acquire AP scout image
C. Start to acquire sagittal slice images
D. Start to acquire coronal slice images
107. An abdominal CT exam was requested for a 45-year-old male patient with a history of
alcoholism presenting with abdominal distension and breathing difficulty. The technologist was able
to visualize, on the axial section, an organ that occupied the majority of the right upper quadrant
showing variable appearance after intravenous contrast was injected. What organ has the technologist
observed?
A. Head of the pancreas
B. Inferior vena cava
C. Gallbladder
D. Liver
108. A 20 year old patient presenting with high grade fever and a cough was requested for chest CT-
scan, the images on an axial and coronal section shows bilateral and peripheral ground glass
opacities. What is the patient most likely sick from?
A. Appendicitis
B. COVID-19
C. Bronchitis
D. lymphoma
109. A 67 year old patient with a history of hypertension and DM came to get Brain CT scan done 2hr
after being unconscious. Which one of the following is not recommended?
A. Perform pre and post Brain CT scan
B. Perform Brain CT without contrast
C. Measure his blood pressure
D. Check his clinical history
110. A 45-year-old patient presents with hematuria and suspected renal calculi. Which of the
following CT protocols is most appropriate for evaluating this condition?
A. Non-contrast CT scan
 B. Contrast-enhanced CT scan
C. Dual-phase CT scan
D. CT urography
111. A 65-year-old patient with suspected pulmonary embolism presents to the emergency department.
Which of the following CT protocols is most appropriate for evaluating this condition?
A. Non-contrast CT scan
B. Contrast-enhanced CT scan
C. Dual-energy CT scan
D. CT angiography
112. A 50-year-old patient with suspected acute appendicitis presents to the emergency department.
Which of the following CT protocols is most appropriate for evaluating this condition?
A. Non-contrast CT scan
B. Contrast-enhanced CT scan
C. Dual-phase CT scan
D. CT enterography
113. A 60-year-old patient with suspected liver metastases presents for staging of a known
malignancy. Which of the following CT protocols is most appropriate for evaluating this condition?
A. Non-contrast CT scan
B. Contrast-enhanced CT scan
C. Dual-phase CT scan
D. CT colonography
114. A 30-year-old patient with suspected acute traumatic brain injury presents to the emergency
department. Which of the following CT protocols is most appropriate for evaluating this condition?
A. Non-contrast CT scan
B. Contrast-enhanced CT scan
C. Dual-energy CT scan
D. CT perfusion

115. A 55-year-old patient with suspected aortic dissection presents to the emergency department with
severe chest pain. Which of the following CT protocols is most appropriate for evaluating this
condition?
A. Non-contrast CT scan
B. Contrast-enhanced CT scan
C. Dual-phase CT scan
D. CT angiography
116. A 40-year-old patient with suspected pancreatic cancer presents for diagnostic evaluation. Which
of the following CT protocols is most appropriate for evaluating this condition?
A. Non-contrast CT scan
B. Contrast-enhanced CT scan
C. Dual-phase CT scan
D. CT enterography
117. A 25-year-old patient with suspected diverticulitis presents to the emergency department with left
lower quadrant pain. Which of the following CT protocols is most appropriate for evaluating this
condition?
A. Non-contrast CT scan
B. Contrast-enhanced CT scan
 C. Dual-phase CT scan
D. CT colonography
118. A 50-year-old patient with suspected acute appendicitis presents to the emergency department.
Which of the following CT protocols is the most appropriate for this case?
A. Non-contrast CT abdomen and pelvis
B. Contrast-enhanced CT abdomen and pelvis
C. CT angiography (CTA) abdomen and pelvis
D. Dual-phase CT abdomen and pelvis
119. A 65-year-old patient with suspected pulmonary embolism presents to the emergency department.
Which of the following CT protocols is the most appropriate for this case?
A. Non-contrast CT chest
B. Contrast-enhanced CT chest
C. CT angiography (CTA) chest
D. Dual-energy CT chest
120. A 40-year-old patient with suspected traumatic brain injury presents to the emergency
department. Which of the following CT protocols is the most appropriate for this case?
A. Non-contrast CT head
B. Contrast-enhanced CT head
C. CT angiography (CTA) head
D. Dual-energy CT head
121. A 55-year-old patient with suspected renal calculi presents to the emergency department. Which
of the following CT protocols is the most appropriate for this case?
A. Non-contrast CT abdomen
B. Contrast-enhanced CT abdomen
C. CT urography
D. Dual-phase CT abdomen

122. A 30-year-old patient with suspected liver metastases from colorectal cancer presents for
metastatic workup. Which of the following CT protocols is the most appropriate for this case?
A. Non-contrast CT abdomen and pelvis
B. Contrast-enhanced CT abdomen and pelvis
C. CT angiography (CTA) abdomen and pelvis
D. Dual-phase CT abdomen and pelvis
123. A 70-year-old patient with suspected aortic dissection presents to the emergency department.
Which of the following CT protocols is the most appropriate for this case?
A. Non-contrast CT chest
B. Contrast-enhanced CT chest
C. CT angiography (CTA) chest
D. Dual-energy CT chest
124. A 45-year-old patient with suspected pancreatic cancer presents for diagnostic evaluation. Which
of the following CT protocols is the most appropriate for this case?
A. Non-contrast CT abdomen
B. Contrast-enhanced CT abdomen
C. CT angiography (CTA) abdomen
D. Dual-phase CT abdomen
125. A 25-year-old patient with suspected pulmonary infection presents to the emergency department.
Which of the following CT protocols is the most appropriate for this case?
A. Non-contrast CT chest
 B. Contrast-enhanced CT chest
C. CT angiography (CTA) chest
D. Dual-energy CT chest
126. A 55-year-old patient presents with hematuria and suspected renal calculi. Which of the
following CT protocols is most appropriate for this case?
A. Non-contrast CT
B. Contrast-enhanced CT
C. Dual-energy CT
D. CT urography
127. A 35-year-old patient with suspected acute appendicitis is referred for a CT scan. What is the
most appropriate CT protocol for evaluating acute appendicitis?
A. Non-contrast CT of the abdomen and pelvis
B. Contrast-enhanced CT of the abdomen and pelvis
C. CT enterography
D. CT colonography
128. A 65-year-old patient with suspected pulmonary embolism (PE) presents to the emergency
department. Which CT protocol is the imaging modality of choice for evaluating PE?
A. Non-contrast CT of the chest
B. Contrast-enhanced CT of the chest
C. CT angiography of the chest
D. Ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) scan

129. A 45-year-old patient with suspected acute stroke is brought to the hospital. Which CT protocol is
recommended for the initial evaluation of acute stroke?
A. Non-contrast CT of the head
B. Contrast-enhanced CT of the head
C. Perfusion CT of the head
D. CT angiography of the head and neck
130. A 50-year-old patient with abdominal pain and suspected diverticulitis is scheduled for a CT
scan. What is the most appropriate CT protocol for evaluating diverticulitis?
A. Non-contrast CT of the abdomen and pelvis
B. Contrast-enhanced CT of the abdomen and pelvis
C. CT colonography
D. CT enterography
131. A 40-year-old patient with suspected liver metastases from a known primary malignancy is
referred for a CT scan. What is the most appropriate CT protocol for evaluating liver metastases?
A. Non-contrast CT of the abdomen
B. Contrast-enhanced CT of the abdomen
C. Dual-energy CT of the abdomen
D. CT perfusion of the liver
132. A 30-year-old patient with suspected acute traumatic brain injury is brought to the emergency
department. Which CT protocol is recommended for the initial evaluation of traumatic brain injury?
A. Non-contrast CT of the head
B. Contrast-enhanced CT of the head
C. Perfusion CT of the head
D. CT angiography of the head and neck
133. A 60-year-old patient with suspected aortic dissection is referred for a CT scan. What is the most
appropriate CT protocol for evaluating aortic dissection?
A. Non-contrast CT of the chest
B. Contrast-enhanced CT of the chest
C. CT angiography of the chest
D. CT venography of the chest
134. A 30-year-old pregnant woman presents for her first prenatal visit. She has no significant medical
history and takes no medications. Which of the following vaccinations should be administered during
this visit?
A. Influenza vaccine
B. Tetanus, diphtheria, and acellular pertussis (Tdap) vaccine
C. Hepatitis B vaccine
D. Measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine
135. A 32-year-old pregnant woman presents at 16 weeks gestation for a routine prenatal visit. She has
a body mass index (BMI) of 32 kg/m². The most appropriate counseling regarding weight gain during
pregnancy would be:
A. She should aim to gain 7-11 kg (15-25 lbs) during pregnancy
B. She should aim to gain 11-16 kg (25-35 lbs) during pregnancy
C. She should aim to gain 16-20 kg (35-45 lbs) during pregnancy
D. She should aim to gain less than 7 kg (15 lbs) during pregnancy
136. A 28-year-old pregnant woman presents for a routine prenatal visit at 28 weeks gestation. She has
a blood type O-negative and her antibody screen is negative. The most appropriate management at
this time is:
A. Administering Rh immune globulin
B. Initiating antepartum fetal surveillance
C. Offering genetic counseling and invasive testing
D. Recommending a gestational diabetes screening test
137. A 34-year-old pregnant woman presents for her first prenatal visit. She has a history of two
previous cesarean deliveries. The most appropriate counseling regarding mode of delivery in this
patient would be:
A. A trial of labor after cesarean (TOLAC) is not recommended
B. A TOLAC can be considered in selected patients
C. A scheduled repeat cesarean delivery is the only option
D. Vaginal birth after cesarean (VBAC) is the preferred mode of delivery
138. A 26-year-old pregnant woman presents for a routine prenatal visit at 36 weeks gestation. She has
a history of group B streptococcus (GBS) colonization during her previous pregnancy. The most
appropriate management at this time is:
A. Administering intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis
B. Initiating antepartum antibiotic prophylaxis
C. Offering genetic counseling and invasive testing
D. Recommending a gestational diabetes screening test
139. A 32-year-old pregnant woman presents for a routine prenatal visit at 24 weeks gestation. She has
a history of a previous preterm birth at 32 weeks gestation. The most appropriate intervention to
reduce the risk of preterm birth in this patient is:
A. Cervical length measurement with transvaginal ultrasound
B. Daily administration of 17-alpha hydroxyprogesterone caproate
C. Offering genetic counseling and invasive testing
D. Recommending a gestational diabetes screening test
140. A 28-year-old pregnant woman presents for a routine prenatal visit at 12 weeks gestation. She has
no significant medical history. The most appropriate screening test to assess the risk of fetal
chromosomal abnormalities at this time is:
A. Noninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT)
B. Maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein (MSAFP)
C. Chorionic villus sampling (CVS)
D. Amniocentesis
141. A 30-year-old pregnant woman presents for a routine prenatal visit at 20 weeks gestation. She has
no significant medical history. The most appropriate screening test to assess the risk of neural tube
defects at this time is:
A. Maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein (MSAFP)
B. Nonstress test (NST)
C. Biophysical profile (BPP)
D. Chorionic villus sampling (CVS)

142. A 45-year-old patient presents with right upper quadrant pain and suspected acute cholecystitis.
Which of the following CT protocols is most appropriate for this patient?
A. Unenhanced CT scan
B. Contrast-enhanced CT scan with arterial phase imaging
C. Contrast-enhanced CT scan with portal venous phase imaging
D. Dual-phase CT scan with arterial and portal venous phase imaging
143. A 62-year-old patient with a history of lung cancer presents with new-onset neurologic
symptoms. The clinician suspects brain metastases. Which of the following CT protocols is most
appropriate for this patient?
A. Non-contrast CT scan of the brain
B. Contrast-enhanced CT scan of the brain
C. Perfusion CT scan of the brain
D. CT angiography of the brain
144. A 28-year-old trauma patient presents with severe pelvic pain and suspected pelvic fracture.
Which of the following CT protocols is most appropriate for this patient?
A. Non-contrast CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis
B. Contrast-enhanced CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis
C. CT angiography of the pelvis
D. Dual-energy CT scan of the pelvis
145. A 55-year-old patient with known renal calculi presents with acute flank pain. Which of the
following CT protocols is most appropriate for this patient?
A. Non-contrast CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis
B. Contrast-enhanced CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis
C. CT urography
D. Dual-energy CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis
146. A 70-year-old patient with weight loss and suspected pancreatic cancer is scheduled for a CT
scan. Which of the following CT protocols is most appropriate for this patient?
A. Non-contrast CT scan of the abdomen
B. Contrast-enhanced CT scan of the abdomen
C. Dual-phase CT scan with arterial and portal venous phase imaging of the abdomen
D. CT enterography
147. A 40-year-old patient with suspected pulmonary embolism presents with acute dyspnea. Which of
the following CT protocols is most appropriate for this patient?
A. Non-contrast CT scan of the chest
B. Contrast-enhanced CT scan of the chest
C. CT angiography of the chest
D. High-resolution CT scan of the chest
148. A 65-year-old patient with known liver cirrhosis presents with worsening ascites. Which of the
following CT protocols is most appropriate for this patient?
A. Non-contrast CT scan of the abdomen
B. Contrast-enhanced CT scan with portal venous phase imaging of the abdomen
C. CT angiography of the abdomen
D. Dual-energy CT scan of the abdomen

149. A 30-year-old patient with suspected appendicitis presents with right lower quadrant pain. Which
of the following CT protocols is most appropriate for this patient?
A. Non-contrast CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis
B. Contrast-enhanced CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis
C. CT urography
D. CT enterography
150. A 45-year-old patient presents with right lower quadrant pain and suspicion of acute appendicitis.
Which of the following CT protocols is most appropriate for this case?
A. Non-contrast CT abdomen and pelvis
B. Contrast-enhanced CT abdomen and pelvis
C. CT angiography of the abdomen and pelvis
D. Dual-energy CT abdomen and pelvis
151. A 65-year-old patient with a history of lung cancer presents with new-onset neurologic
symptoms. The clinician suspects brain metastases. Which of the following CT protocols is most
appropriate for this case?
A. Non-contrast CT brain
B. Contrast-enhanced CT brain
C. Perfusion CT brain
D. CT angiography of the brain
152. A 55-year-old patient presents with hematuria and suspicion of urinary tract stones. Which of the
following CT protocols is most appropriate for this case?
A. Non-contrast CT abdomen and pelvis
B. Contrast-enhanced CT abdomen and pelvis
C. CT urogram
D. Dual-energy CT abdomen and pelvis
153. A 30-year-old patient with a history of Crohn's disease presents with worsening abdominal pain
and suspicion of a bowel obstruction. Which of the following CT protocols is most appropriate for
this case?
A. Non-contrast CT abdomen and pelvis
B. Contrast-enhanced CT abdomen and pelvis
C. CT enterography
D. CT colonography
154. A 50-year-old patient presents with acute chest pain and suspicion of a pulmonary embolism.
Which of the following CT protocols is most appropriate for this case?
 A. Non-contrast CT chest
B. Contrast-enhanced CT chest
C. CT angiography of the chest
D. Dual-energy CT chest
155. A 40-year-old patient with a known liver mass presents for imaging surveillance. The clinician
wants to assess the vascularity of the lesion. Which of the following CT protocols is most appropriate
for this case?
A. Non-contrast CT abdomen
B. Contrast-enhanced CT abdomen
C. CT angiography of the abdomen
D. Dual-energy CT abdomen
156. A 25-year-old trauma patient presents with suspected fractures of the upper and lower
extremities. Which of the following CT protocols is most appropriate for this case?
A. Non-contrast CT head
B. Non-contrast CT chest
C. Non-contrast CT abdomen and pelvis
D. Contrast-enhanced CT extremities
157. A 60-year-old patient with a history of renal cell carcinoma presents with rising tumor markers
and suspicion of metastatic disease. Which of the following CT protocols is most appropriate for this
case?
A. Non-contrast CT abdomen and pelvis
B. Contrast-enhanced CT abdomen and pelvis
C. CT urogram
D. CT bone scan
158. A 45-year-old patient presents to the emergency department with severe right upper quadrant
abdominal pain. Suspecting acute cholecystitis, which of the following CT protocols would be most
appropriate for this patient?
A. Unenhanced CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis
B. Contrast-enhanced CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis
C. Dual-phase CT scan of the liver
D. Triple-phase CT scan of the abdomen
159. A 65-year-old patient with a history of smoking presents with hemoptysis and weight loss.
Suspecting lung cancer, which of the following CT protocols would be most appropriate for this
patient?
A. Non-contrast CT scan of the chest
B. Contrast-enhanced CT scan of the chest
C. High-resolution CT scan of the chest
D. CT angiography of the chest
160. A 55-year-old patient presents with acute-onset severe headache and photophobia. Suspecting
subarachnoid hemorrhage, which of the following CT protocols would be most appropriate for this
patient?
A. Non-contrast CT scan of the head
B. Contrast-enhanced CT scan of the head
C. CT angiography of the head and neck
D. Perfusion CT scan of the brain
161. A 30-year-old patient presents with right lower quadrant abdominal pain and suspected
appendicitis. Which of the following CT protocols would be most appropriate for this patient?
A. Unenhanced CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis
B. Contrast-enhanced CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis
 C. CT enterography
D. CT colonography

162. A 50-year-old patient with a history of liver cirrhosis presents with altered mental status and
elevated liver enzymes. Suspecting hepatic encephalopathy, which of the following CT protocols
would be most appropriate for this patient?
A. Non-contrast CT scan of the abdomen
B. Contrast-enhanced CT scan of the abdomen
C. Dual-phase CT scan of the liver
D. CT perfusion of the liver
163. A 40-year-old patient with suspected renal stone presents with severe flank pain. Which of the
following CT protocols would be most appropriate for this patient?
A. Non-contrast CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis
B. Contrast-enhanced CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis
C. CT urography
D. CT angiography of the renal arteries
164. A 65-year-old patient with a history of colorectal cancer presents with new-onset abdominal pain
and distension. Suspecting bowel obstruction, which of the following CT protocols would be most
appropriate for this patient?
A. Non-contrast CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis
B. Contrast-enhanced CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis
C. CT enterography
D. CT colonography
165. A 55-year-old patient presents with suspected acute traumatic injury to the chest following a
motor vehicle accident. Which of the following CT protocols would be most appropriate for this
patient?
A. Non-contrast CT scan of the chest
B. Contrast-enhanced CT scan of the chest
C. High-resolution CT scan of the chest
D. CT angiography of the chest
166. A 45-year-old patient presents with right upper quadrant abdominal pain and suspected
gallstones. Which of the following CT protocols is most appropriate for evaluating this patient?
A. Unenhanced CT scan of the abdomen
B. Contrast-enhanced CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis
C. Dual-phase CT scan of the liver
D. CT cholangiography
167. A 65-year-old patient with a history of smoking presents with hemoptysis and a suspicious lung
nodule on chest X-ray. Which of the following CT protocols is most appropriate for further
evaluation?
A. Unenhanced CT scan of the chest
B. Contrast-enhanced CT scan of the chest
C. High-resolution CT scan of the chest
D. CT-guided biopsy of the lung nodule
168. A 55-year-old patient presents with acute onset severe headache and suspected subarachnoid
hemorrhage. Which of the following CT protocols is most appropriate for initial evaluation?
A. Non-contrast CT scan of the head
B. Contrast-enhanced CT scan of the head and neck
C. CT angiography of the head and neck
D. MRI of the brain
169. A 40-year-old patient with a history of renal cell carcinoma presents with new-onset back pain.
Which of the following CT protocols is most appropriate for evaluating this patient?
A. Unenhanced CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis
B. Contrast-enhanced CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis
C. Dual-phase CT scan of the kidneys
D. CT-guided biopsy of the renal mass
170. A 30-year-old patient presents with suspected appendicitis. Which of the following CT protocols
is most appropriate for evaluating this patient?
A. Non-contrast CT scan of the abdomen
B. Contrast-enhanced CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis
C. CT enterography
D. CT colonography
171. A 50-year-old patient with a history of pancreatic cancer presents with worsening jaundice.
Which of the following CT protocols is most appropriate for evaluating this patient?
A. Unenhanced CT scan of the abdomen
B. Contrast-enhanced CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis
C. Dual-phase CT scan of the pancreas
D. MRCP (magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography)
172. A 35-year-old patient with suspected pulmonary embolism presents with sudden onset dyspnea
and chest pain. Which of the following CT protocols is most appropriate for evaluating this patient?
A. Unenhanced CT scan of the chest
B. Contrast-enhanced CT scan of the chest
C. CT angiography of the chest
D. Ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) scan
173. A 60-year-old patient presents with suspicion of acute ischemic stroke. Which of the following
CT protocols is most appropriate for initial evaluation?
A. Non-contrast CT scan of the head
B. Contrast-enhanced CT scan of the head and neck
C. CT perfusion imaging of the brain
D. MRI of the brain
174. A 55-year-old patient with suspected pulmonary embolism presents to the emergency department.
Which of the following CT protocols is most appropriate for the evaluation of pulmonary embolism?
A. Unenhanced CT scan of the chest
B. Contrast-enhanced CT angiogram of the chest
C. Dual-energy CT scan of the chest
D. Non-contrast CT scan of the chest followed by contrast-enhanced CT angiogram if necessary
175. A 45-year-old patient with severe abdominal pain and suspected acute appendicitis is referred for
a CT scan. Which of the following CT protocols is typically used for the evaluation of acute
appendicitis?
A. Non-contrast CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis
 B. Contrast-enhanced CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis
C. Dual-phase contrast-enhanced CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis
D. MRI scan of the abdomen and pelvis
176. A 65-year-old patient with a recent history of hematuria is scheduled for a CT scan to evaluate
suspected renal calculi. Which of the following CT protocols is most commonly used for the
detection of renal calculi?
A. Non-contrast CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis
B. Contrast-enhanced CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis
C. Dual-energy CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis
D. MRI scan of the abdomen and pelvis
177. A 30-year-old patient with a suspected brain tumor is referred for a CT scan. Which of the
following CT protocols is typically used for the evaluation of brain tumors?
A. Non-contrast CT scan of the head
B. Contrast-enhanced CT scan of the head
C. Dual-energy CT scan of the head
D. MRI scan of the head
178. A 50-year-old patient with suspected acute cholecystitis is referred for a CT scan. Which of the
following CT protocols is commonly used for the evaluation of acute cholecystitis?
A. Non-contrast CT scan of the abdomen
B. Contrast-enhanced CT scan of the abdomen
C. Dual-phase contrast-enhanced CT scan of the abdomen
D. MRI scan of the abdomen
179. A 40-year-old patient with suspected pulmonary nodules is referred for a CT scan. Which of the
following CT protocols is typically used for the evaluation of pulmonary nodules?
A. Non-contrast CT scan of the chest
B. Contrast-enhanced CT scan of the chest
C. Dual-energy CT scan of the chest
D. PET/CT scan of the chest
180. A 60-year-old patient with suspected diverticulitis is referred for a CT scan. Which of the
following CT protocols is commonly used for the evaluation of diverticulitis?
A. Non-contrast CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis
B. Contrast-enhanced CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis
C. Dual-phase contrast-enhanced CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis
D. MRI scan of the abdomen and pelvis
181. A 25-year-old trauma patient with suspected internal injuries is referred for a CT scan. Which of
the following CT protocols is typically used for the evaluation of trauma?
A. Non-contrast CT scan of the head and abdomen
B. Contrast-enhanced CT scan of the head and abdomen
C. Dual-phase contrast-enhanced CT scan of the head and abdomen
D. Whole-body CT scan with intravenous contrast
182. A 55-year-old patient with suspected pulmonary embolism presents to the emergency department.
Which of the following CT protocols is most appropriate for the evaluation of pulmonary embolism?
A. Non-contrast CT scan of the chest
B. Contrast-enhanced CT scan of the chest
C. CT angiography of the chest
D. CT perfusion of the chest
183. A 45-year-old patient with severe abdominal pain and suspected acute appendicitis is referred for
a CT scan. Which of the following CT protocols is commonly used for the diagnosis of acute
appendicitis?
 A. Non-contrast CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis
B. Contrast-enhanced CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis
C. CT urogram
D. CT enterography
184. A 65-year-old patient with a recent diagnosis of lung cancer requires staging of the disease.
Which of the following CT protocols is typically used for lung cancer staging?
A. Non-contrast CT scan of the chest
B. Contrast-enhanced CT scan of the chest
C. CT angiography of the chest
D. PET-CT scan
185. A 60-year-old patient with suspected acute ischemic stroke is brought to the emergency
department. Which of the following CT protocols is recommended for the initial evaluation of acute
ischemic stroke?
A. Non-contrast CT scan of the head
B. Contrast-enhanced CT scan of the head
C. CT perfusion of the head
D. CT angiography of the head and neck
186. A 50-year-old patient with chronic liver disease requires evaluation for hepatocellular carcinoma.
Which of the following CT protocols is commonly used for hepatocellular carcinoma surveillance?
A. Non-contrast CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis
B. Contrast-enhanced CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis
C. CT urogram
D. MRI of the liver
187. A 40-year-old patient with suspected renal colic presents to the emergency department. Which of
the following CT protocols is typically used for the evaluation of renal colic?
A. Non-contrast CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis
B. Contrast-enhanced CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis
C. CT urogram
D. CT enterography
188. A 70-year-old patient with suspected diverticulitis is referred for a CT scan. Which of the
following CT protocols is commonly used for the diagnosis of diverticulitis?
A. Non-contrast CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis
B. Contrast-enhanced CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis
C. CT urogram
D. CT enterography
189. A 55-year-old patient with known coronary artery disease requires evaluation for coronary artery
stenosis. Which of the following CT protocols is commonly used for coronary artery imaging?
A. Non-contrast CT scan of the chest
B. Contrast-enhanced CT scan of the chest
C. CT angiography of the chest
D. CT perfusion of the chest
190. In CT, The attenuation values are measured in Hounsfield unit. An attenuation value of – ( zero)
HU corresponds to
A. Fat
B. Very dense bone structure
C. Air
D. Water
191. Which one of the following is false about imaging for cerebrovascular accident
A. CT used to exclude ICH early
B. CT used to visualize SAH
C. MRI is less sensitive for acute hemorrhage
D. CT scan is reliable for infarction within 24 hrs
 ANSWER SHEET
1. A 40. C 79. A 118. B 157. B
2. C 41. D 80. E 119. C 158. B
3. D 42. C 81. D 120. A 159. B
4. A 43. B 82. C 121. A 160. A
5. A 44. D 83. B 122. B 161. B
6. A 45. A 84. B 123. C 162. A
7. C 46. D 85. C 124. B 163. A
8. C 47. D 86. C 125. A 164. B
9. E 48. D 87. B 126. B 165. B
10. C 49. B 88. B 127. B 166. B
11. D 50. D 89. D 128. C 167. B
12. B 51. D 90. C 129. A 168. A
13. A 52. C 91. E 130. B 169. B
14. D 53. B 92. A 131. B 170. B
15. D 54. C 93. D 132. A 171. B
16. A 55. D 94. D 133. B 172. C
17. E 56. A 95. A 134. C 173. A
18. A 57. C 96. C 135. B 174. B
19. B 58. A 97. C 136. A 175. C
20. A 59. B 98. E 137. B 176. A
21. A 60. D 99. C 138. A 177. D
22. A 61. B 100. C 139. B 178. B
23. B 62. C 101. C 140. A 179. B
24. C 63. A 102. D 141. A 180. A
25. A 64. A 103. A 142. C 181. D
26. C 65. A 104. A 143. B 182. C
27. C 66. C 105. E 144. A 183. B
28. D 67. A 106. B 145. A 184. B
29. C 68. A 107. D 146. C 185. A
30. C 69. C 108. B 147. C 186. B
31. B 70. B 109. A 148. B 187. A
32. D 71. D 110. A 149. B 188. B
33. C 72. D 111. B 150. B 189. C
34. A 73. A 112. B 151. B 190. D
35. C 74. C 113. B 152. A 191. D
36. A 75. A 114. A 153. B
37. C 76. D 115. B 154. C
38. D 77. A 116. B 155. B
39. B 78. A 117. A 156. D