Micro Project Report
On
Circuit Breaker
Submitted by
1) Chavan Vedant Sachin Enrollment No:24651020502
2) Bachhav Yash Shivaji Enrollment No:24651020497
3) Aher Roshani Manohar Enrollment No:24651020492
4) Deore Diya Chintaman Enrollment No:24651020504
Under Guidance of
Mr. N. R. Thakare
Department of Electronics & Telecommunication Engineering
SNJB Shri Hiralal Hastimal ( Jain Brothers, Jalgoan ) Polytechnic (Chandwad)
[ A.Y.2024-25 ]
• Introduction: Fuses and circuit breaker
Circuit breaker
used fuses. Its purpose was to protect lighting circuit wiring from accidental short
circuits and overloads. A modern miniature circuit breaker similar
Distribution board
distribution board (also known as panelboard, circuit breaker panel, breaker panel,
electric panel, fuse box or DB box) is a component of an electricity
Fuse (electrical)
sacrificial device; once a fuse has operated, it is an open circuit, and must be replaced
or rewired, depending on its type. Fuses have been used as essential
Electrical wiring in the United Kingdom
distribution boards (then called fuseboxes) held fuses to protect individual circuits. The
fuses used in fuseboxes were either of the cartridge type
High-voltage switchgear
high-voltage fuses are used only in the band 30 kV to 100 kV.[citation needed] A high
voltage circuit breaker is capable of connecting, carrying and disconnecting
Substation
Smaller distribution stations may use recloser circuit breakers or fuses for protection
of distribution circuits. Substations themselves do not usually have
Short circuit
current of the system. Damage from short circuits can be reduced or prevented by
employing fuses, circuit breakers, or other overload protection, which disconnect
Integrated circuit
An integrated circuit (IC), also known as a microchip or simply chip, is a set of electronic
circuits, consisting of various electronic components (such
Shunt (electrical)
(protecting the device) and an instantaneous high current which is expected to open
a current sensitive device (such as a fuse or circuit breaker). This device
Power system protection
combination of electrical disconnect switches, fuses or circuit breakers used to control,
protect and isolate electrical equipment. Switches are safe
➢ Image of RCCB
Top highlights
Brand Schneider Electric
Current Rating 63 Amps
Circuit Breaker GFCI
Type
Mounting Type Panel Mount
Number Of Poles 4
Manufacturer SCHNEIDER ELECTRIC
• Schneider Electric provides voltage independent RCCBs which work on current
sensing technology and provide protection from residual current even at extra low
voltages (down to zero volts) and in case of break of neutral.
• Schneider Electric provides voltage independent RCCBs which work on current
sensing technology and provide protection from residual current even at extra low
voltages (down to zero volts) and in case of break of neutral.
• protection against Risk of Shock / Electrocution and Risk of Fire in case of Earth
Leakage Current.
➢ Circuit Diagram Of RCCB
➢ Item details
➢ Brand Name Schneider Electric
➢ Manufacturer SCHNEIDER ELECTRIC
➢ Customer Reviews 4.4 out of 5 stars 24 Reviews
➢ Best Sellers Rank #5,742 in Home Improvement (See Top 100 in Home
improvement) #16 in Circuit Breakers
➢ ASIN B07SVVXNDF
➢ Features & Specs
➢ Current Rating 63 Amps
➢ Circuit Breaker Type GFCI
➢ Mounting Type Panel Mount
➢ Number Of Poles 4
• Working principal
RCCBs, or Residual Current Circuit Breakers, work by detecting
imbalances in electrical current flow, specifically by monitoring the
difference between the current flowing through the live and neutral
wires. If a fault occurs, causing current to leak to ground, the RCCB
immediately disconnects the circuit to prevent electric shocks or
fires. The *Residual Current Circuit Breaker (RCCB)* is a safety
device designed to protect against electric shock and fire hazards
caused by earth leakage currents. Its working principle is based on
detecting an imbalance between the live (phase) and neutral
currents, which indicates a leakage of current (such as through a
person or faulty insulation).
### *Working Principle of RCCB:*
1. *Current Sensing:*
- The RCCB continuously monitors the current flowing through the
*live (L)* and *neutral (N)* wires.
- Under normal conditions, the current entering through the live wire
should equal the current returning through the neutral wire (i.e.,
*I<sub>L</sub> = I<sub>N</sub>*).
2. *Detection of Residual Current (Leakage):*
- If there is a fault (e.g., insulation failure or accidental contact with
a live part), some current leaks to the earth, creating an imbalance
(*I<sub>L</sub> ≠ I<sub>N</sub>*).
- This difference is called *residual current*.
3. *Operation of the Core Balance Transformer (CBT):*
- The live and neutral wires pass through a *toroidal transformer
(Core Balance Transformer)*.
- If there is a leakage, the magnetic fields due to the live and
neutral currents do not cancel out, inducing a small voltage in the
secondary winding of the transformer.
4. *Tripping Mechanism:*
- The induced voltage is fed to an *electronic circuit* (or
electromechanical relay in older models).
- If the leakage current exceeds the RCCB’s rated sensitivity (e.g.,
*30mA, 100mA, or 300mA*), the relay activates and trips the circuit
breaker.
- The tripping time is very fast (typically *<30ms* for 30mA RCCBs).
5. *Power Disconnection:*
- Once tripped, the RCCB cuts off the power supply, preventing
electric shock or fire risks.
### *Key Features:*
- *Sensitivity:* RCCBs are available in different sensitivity ratings
(e.g., *10mA* for personal protection, *30mA* for general use, and
*100mA/300mA* for fire protection).
- *No Overcurrent Protection:* Unlike MCBs, RCCBs do not protect
against short circuits or overloads (they are often used in
combination with MCBs).
- *Test Button:* Allows manual testing to ensure proper functioning.
### *Applications:*
- Used in homes, industries, and commercial buildings to prevent
electrical accidents.
- Mandatory in modern electrical installations as per safety standards
(IEC 61009, IEC 1008).
### *Conclusion:*
The RCCB works by detecting an imbalance between phase and
neutral currents, quickly disconnecting the circuit to prevent electric
shocks and fires. It is a crucial safety device in electrical systems.
Would you like a diagram or further clarify
THANK YOU……