29 mm 8.

5 X 11 inch
IIT-JEE ADVANCED
VOLUME I
 About The Author
Shashi Bhushan Tiwari is a distinguished academician and Physics guru. He graduated
from IIT Kharagpur in year 1995 and has been mentoring students for IIT JEE for more
than two decades.
IIT-JEE ADVANCED
VOLUME I

Shashi Bhushan Tiwari

McGraw Hill Education (India) Private Limited
 PREFACE

In the past decade and a half, the entrance exam for IITs has seen many changes – in structure as well as in design of the
question paper. No doubt, it has become more challenging. It requires high level of conceptual clarity and analytical skill,
besides promptness and comprehension ability to excel in this exam. There are frequent surprises in terms of problems
which require mathematical rigor or in depth understanding of physical conditions.
This book is being presented with a very simple objective – it will test you and nurture you on all parameters which
are required to excel in JEE exam.
Every chapter in the book has been divided into three sections –
y LEVEL 1 – This section will test you on all basic fundamentals of the chapter. Problems are not very rigorous though
they may be very conceptual.
y LEVEL 2 – This section will develop all necessary skills required to score a high rank in JEE exam. Few problems
in this section may appear lengthy but they are the ones which test your confidence and patience. Don’t be scared of
them.
y LEVEL 3 – This section contains problems that may require exceptional reasoning skill or mathematical ability.
Since difficulty level is quite subjective and may vary from person to person — few problems may appear to you as
misplaced in three sections described above. I have judged them to the best of my ability besides taking help from some
very bright minds.
I have not tried to include every other problem that is available in this universe. Most of the books available in market
have this issue – in the name of being exhaustive, they have become repetitive. Believe me, while solving problems from
this book you will not feel like wasting your time in doing similar problems again and again..
Most of the solutions are quite descriptive so that a serious student can understand on his/her own. Diagrams have
been included wherever possible to make things lucid.
JEE exam being objective, one may challenge the sanctity of a subjective book. Have no doubts in your mind —
pattern of a question paper or type of question will never deter you if you have sound grasp of the subject and have
developed right kind of temperament. Physics as a subject is notorious and can be learned only by subjecting yourself to
the true rigor and complexity. While doing a subjective problem you cannot make a guess and bluff yourself!
This collection of problems will appear to you as fresh and challenging. Start and enjoy learning physics!
Suggestions are welcome.
 CONTENTS

Prefacev

Chapter 1 Basic Maths 1.1 – 1.12

Chapter 2 Kinematics 2.1 – 2.101

Chapter 3 Newton's Laws 3.1 – 3.134

Chapter 4 Work - Power - Energy 4.1 – 4.69

Chapter 5 Momentum and Center Of Mass 5.1 – 5.87

Chapter 6 Rotational Motion 6.1 – 6.133

Chapter 7 Gravitation 7.1 – 7.40

Chapter 8 Fluids 8.1 – 8.52

Chapter 9 Surface Tension 9.1 – 9.19

Chapter 10 Viscosity 10.1 – 10.8

Chapter 11 Elasticity 11.1 – 11.9

Chapter 12 Simple Harmonic Motion 12.1 – 12.48

Chapter 13 Wave Motion 13.1 – 13.47

 01 BASIC MATHS

Initially, the height of liquid in the bowl is H0.

Level 1 H0
It becomes in time t0. How much more
Q.1 In an experiment mileage of a car was measured 2
to be 24 kmpl (Kilometer per liter of fuel time will be needed for the height of liquid to
consumed). After the experiment it was found that H
become 0 .
4 % of the fuel used during the experiment was 4
leaked through a small hole in the tank. Calculate Q.7 Show that the volume of a segment of height h of
the actual mileage of the car after the tank was a sphere of radius R is
repaired. 1
V = π h 2 ( 3R – h )
Q.2 A man is standing at a distance of 500m from a 3
building. He notes that angle of elevation of the
top of the building is 3.6°. Find the height of
the building. Neglect the height of the man and
take = 3.14.
Q.3 A Smuggler in a hindi film is running with a bag R
0.3 m × 0.2 m × 0.2 m in dimension. The bag is
supposed to be completely filled with gold. Do
you think than the director of the film made a
technical mistake there? Density of gold is 19.6
g/cc.
Q.4 A particle moves along the curve 6y = x3+2. h
Find the points on the curve at which the
y-coordinate is changing 8 times as fast as the Q.8 The amount of energy a car expends against air
x-coordinate. resistance is approximately given by
Q.5 The area of a regular octagon of side length a is E = K ADv2
A.
where E is measured in Joules. K is a constant, A

(a) Find the time rate of change of area of the is the cross-sectional area of the car viewed from
octagon if its side length is being increased the front (in m2), D is the distance traveled (in m),
at a constant rate of b m/s. Is the time rate and v is the speed of the car (in m/s). Julie wants
of change of area of the octagon constant to drive from Mumbai to Delhi and get good fuel
with time? mileage. For the following questions, assume that

(b) Find the approximate change in area of the the energy loss is due solely to air resistance.
octagon as the side length is increased from (a) Julie usually drives at a speed of 54 Km/hr.
2.0 m to 2.001 m. How much more energy will she use if she
drives 20% faster?
Level 2 (b) Harshit drives a very large SUV car, and Julie
drives a small car. Every linear dimension of
Q.6 Spirit in a bowl evaporates at a rate that is
Harshit’s car is double that of Julie’s car. Find
proportional to the surface area of the liquid.
the ratio of energy spent by Harshit’s car to
 1.2 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

Julie’s car when they cover same distance. your formula tell you how ‘t’ depends on
Speed of Harshit was 10% faster compared initial speed V0? What can you predict about
to Julie’s car. the constant obtained in the formula?

(c) Write the dimensional formula for K. Will Q.14 Assume that maximum mass m1 of a boulder
you believe that K depends on density of air? swept along by a river, depends on the speed V of
Q.9 The volume flow rate Q (in m3 s–1) of a liquid the river, the acceleration due to gravity g, and the
through pipe having diameter d is related to density d of the boulder. Calculate the percentage
viscosity of water ‘h’ (unit Pascal. s) and the change in maximum mass of the boulder that can
be swept by the river, when speed of the river
pressure gradient along the pipe dP [pressure increases by 1%.
dx
dP
gradient is rate of change of pressure per unit Q.15 A massive object in space causes gravitational
dx
length along the pipe], by a formula of the form lensing. Light from a distant source gets
 dP 
c deflected by a massive lensing object. This was
Q = kη a d b   first observed in 1919 and supported Einstein’s
 dx  general theory of relativity.
Where K is a dimensionless constant. Find a,b
and c. The angle by which light gets deflected due
to a massive body depends on the mass (M)
Q.10. The potential energy (U) of a particle can be
of the body, universal gravitational constant
A2 BMm
expressed in certain case as U = 2
– (G), speed of light (c) and the least distance (r)
2mr r between the lensing object and the apparent path
Where m and M are mass and r is distance. Find of light. Derive a formula for using method of
the dimensional formulae for constants. dimensions. Make suitable assumptions.
Q.11. In the following expression V and g are speed and Q.16 The Casimir effect describes the attraction
acceleration respectively. Find the dimensional between two unchanged conducting plates placed
formulae of a and b parallel to each other in vacuum. The astonishing
VdV
∫ g – bV 2 = a force ( predicted in 1948 by Hendrik Casimir) per
unit area of each plate depends on the planck’s
Q.12 The maximum height of a mountain on earth is constant (h), speed of light (c) and separation
limited by the rock flowing under the enormous between the plates (r).
weight above it. Studies show that maximum (a) Using dimensional analysis prove that the
height depends on young’s modulus (Y) of the formula for the Casimir force per unit area on
rod, acceleration due to gravity (g) and the density the plates is given by
of the rock (d). hc
F = k 4 where k is a dimensionless constant
(a) Write an equation showing the dependence r
of maximum height (h) of mountain on Y, g (b) If the force acting on 1x1 cm plates separated
and d. It is given that unit of Y is Nm–2. by 1 m is 0.013 dyne, calculate the value of
(b) Take d = 3 × 103 kg m–3, Y = 1 × 1010 Nm–2 constant k.
and g = 10 ms–2 and assume that maximum Q.17. Scattering of light is a process of absorption
height of a mountain on the surface of earth and prompt re-emission of light by atoms
is limited to 10 km [height of mount Everest and molecules. Scattering involving particles
is nearly 8 km]. Write the formula for h. smaller than wavelength (l) of light is known
Q.13 A particle of mass m is given an initial speed V0. It as Rayleigh scattering. Let ai be amplitude of
experiences a retarding force that is proportional incident light on a scatterer of volume V. The
to the speed of the particle (F = aV). a is a scattered amplitude at a distance r from the
1
constant. scatterer is as. Assume and as a ai , as and
a aV. r
(a) Write the dimensional formula of constant a. s

(b) Using dimensional analysis, derive a formula (i) Find the dimensions of the proportionality
for stopping time (t) of the particle. Does constant occurring in the expression of as
 Basic Mathematics And Dimensional Analysis 1.3

(ii) Assuming that this constant depends on l, Sirius has a maximum parallax angle of d = 0.74
as ± 0.02 arc second when observed at six month
find the dependence of ratio on l. interval. The distance between two positions
ai
of earth (at six – month interval) is r = 3.000 ×
(iii) Knowing that intensify of light I a a2 find
I 1011m
the dependence of s on l. Earth
Ii
dx
Q.18 It is given that ∫ = tan −1 x + c . Using
1+ x 2 Sun
dx
methods of dimensions find ∫ 2 r
a + x2
Star
Q.19

Earth
Calculate the distance of Sirius from the Sun with
B uncertainty, in unit of light year. Given 1 ly =
A 9.460x1015 m. ; p = 3.14
A B

C Level 3
Q.22 You inhale about 0.5 liter of air in each breath
and breath once in every five seconds. Air has
Two point sources of light are fixed at the centre about 1% argon. Mass of each air particle can be
(A) and circumference (point B) of a rotating assumed to be nearly 5 × 10–26 kg. Atmosphere
turn table. A photograph of the rotating table is can be assumed to be around 20 km thick having a
taken. On the photograph a point A and an arc uniform density of 1.2 kg m–3. Radius of the earth
BC appear. The angle q was measured to be q = is R = 6.4 × 106 m. Assume that when a person
10.8° ± 0.1° and the angular speed of the turntable breathes, half of the argon atoms in each breath
was measured to be w = (33.3 ± 0.1) revolution have never been in that person’s lungs before.
per minute. Calculate the exposure time of the Argon atoms remain in atmosphere for long-long
camera. time without reacting with any other substance.
Q.20 The speed (V) of wave on surface of water is Given : one year = 3.2 × 107s
given by (a) Estimate the number of argon atoms that
al 2p b passed through Newton’s lungs in his 84
V= + years of life.
2p rl
(b) Estimate the total number of argon atoms in
where l is the wavelength of the wave and r is the Earth’s atmosphere.
density of water. a is a constant and b is a quantity
that changes with liquid temperature. (c) Assume that the argon atoms breathed by
Newton is now mixed uniformly through the
(a) Find the dimensional formulae for a and b. atmosphere, estimate the number of argon
(b) Surface wave of wavelength 30 mm have a atoms in each of your breath that were once
speed of 0.240 ms–1. If the temperature of in Newton’s lungs.
water changes by 50°C, the speed of waves Q.23 A rope is tightly wound along the equator of a
for same wavelength changes to 0.230 ms–1. large sphere of radius R. The length of the rope
Assuming that the density of water remains is increased by a small amount  (<< R) and it is
constant at 1 × 103 kg m–3, estimate the pulled away from the surface at a point to make it
change in value of ‘b’ for temperature change taut. To what height (h) from the surface will the
of 50ºC. point rise ?
Q.21 The line of sight of the brightest star in the sky, If the radius of the earth is R=6400 km and  =
 1.4 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

10 mm, find the value of h. Does the value surprise h

you.
q3
[For small q take tanq = q + and
3
q2 2
secq = 1 + Also take (2.3) 3 = 1.74 ]
2
R

ANSWERS

1. 25 kmpl 14. 6%
GM
2. 31.40 m 15. q=k
3. Yes. cr 2
16. (b) k = 6.5 × 10–3
31
4. (– 4, - ), (4, 11) 17. (i) [k] = [L–2]
3
(a) 4 ( 2 + 1) a b. No, it is not a constant as
5. (ii) µ l -2
(b) 0.0019 m2 ai
t0 Is a2
6. (iii) µ s2 µ l -4
2 Ii ai
8. (a) 44% higher (b) 4.84 (c) [ML–3]; Yes Ê xˆ
18. a tan -1 Á ˜ + c
9. a = – 1; b = 4; c = 1 Ë a¯
10. [A] = [M1L2T–1] [B] = [M–1L3T–2] 19. (0.054 0.003)s
11. [a] = L; [b] = L–1 20. (a) [a] = [MºL1T–2]; [b] = [M1LºT–2]
Y  (b) b = – 0.022 kg s–2
12. (a) h = k   ; k = a const
 gd  21. 8.84 ± 0.24 ly
22. (a) 3.2 × 1028 (b) 2.5 × 1042
Y 
(b) h = 0.03   (c) 1.5 × 106
 gd 
23. 5.6 m
m
13. (a) [a] = [M1T–1] (b) t = k t
a

SOLUTIONS

p 3.14 ¥ 3.6
2. q = 3.6∞ = ¥ 3.6 rad = = 0.0628 radian
180 180

q = 3.6°

500
 Basic Mathematics And Dimensional Analysis 1.5

h = 500 tan q 500.q = 500 × 0.0628 m = 31.40 m

3. Calculate the mass of gold using – mass = volume × density. The gold in the bag will weigh 235.2 kg. How
can a smuggler run with such a heavy bag!
4. As per the question
dy
=8
dx
3x2
fi =8
6
&x =±4

Corresponding Y co ordinates are
(±4)3 + 2 = 11, -31
6 3
(
(a) Area of an octagon is = A = 2 1 + 2 a 2 [Prove this yourself]
5. )
dt
dA
= 4 2 +1 a (
da
dt
)
= 4 2 + 1 ab ( )
This expression is not a constant because it depends on side length which itself is time dependent.

(
(b) A = 2 1 + 2 a 2 )
dA
= 4 2 + 1 a
da
( )
DA 
dA
da
Da = 4 2 + 1 a Da ( )
DA = 4 ( 2 + 1) × 2.0 × 0.001 = 0.0019 m2
6.

A
dh
h

Let the area of cross section of the bowl at height h be A.

Let the height decrease by dh in further interval dt
Volume that evaporates = Adh
Adh
As per the question aA
dt
A dh
fi = – kA
dt
Where k is a positive constant. We have placed a negative sign because h is decreasing with time and
dh
is a negative quantity.
dt
dh = – k dt
h t

Ú dh = – k Ú dt
H0 0

h – H0 = – kt
h = H0 – kt
 1.6 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

H0
Now h = at t = t0
2
H
\ 0 = H 0 – kt0
2
H0
fi = kt0
2 ...........(1)
H0
Let height be at time ‘t’
4
H0
= H 0 – kt
4
3H0 H0 H0
4
=
2t0
t [using (1) k = ]
2t0
3
fit= t0
2
t0
Required answer is
2
Note: It is easy to see from equation (1) that depth of the liquid decreases at a constant rate. Hence it is obvious
H0 t
that if it takes time t0 for the level to fall from H0 to , then it will take 0 time for level to further fall through
2 2
H0
.
4
7. Consider a disc shaped element of thickness dx at a distance x from the centre

R
x
dx
r

r2 = R2 – x2
Volume of disc element dV = pr2 dx p (R2 – x2)dx
\ Required Volume is
R
V= Ú dV
x= R–h

R
=p Ú ( R 2 - x 2 )dx
( R - h)
 Basic Mathematics And Dimensional Analysis 1.7

È R È x3 ˘ ˘
R

= Íp ÈÎ R 2 x ˘˚ –Í ˙ ˙
Í R–h ÍÎ 3 ˚˙ R – h ˙
Î ˚

È 1 1 3˘
= p Í R 2 ( R – R + h ) – R3 + ( R – h ) ˙
Î ˚
3 3

È ˘
= p Í R2 h –
ÍÎ
R3 1 3
(
+ R – h3 – 3R 2 h + 3Rh 2
3 3
)˙˙˚

p
= h 2 [3 R – h ]
3

8. (a) If Julie increases her speed by 20%, then she multiplies her speed by 1.2. Thus the required energy is multiplied
by (1.2)2 = 1.44, which is an increase of 44%.
(b) The area of cross section of Harshit’s car is 4 times that of Julie’s car and his speed is 1.1 times that of Julie’s
car.

E Harshit 4 ¥ (1.1)
2
= = 4.84
EJulie 1

[E ] È ML2T –2 ˘
Î ˚ = È ML–3 ˘
(c) [K ] = =
È ADV 2 ˘ È L2 LL2T –2 ˘ Î ˚
Î ˚ Î ˚
12. (a) let h = kY agbd c [k is a contant]
Dimensions on LHS = Dimensions on RHS
M0 L1 T 0 = [M L–1T–2]a [L1 T–2]b [M1 L–3]c
Equating dimensions of M, L and T
a+c=0 (1)
– a + b – 3c = 1 (2)
– 2a – 2b = 0 (3)
Solving a = 1, b = – 1, c = – 1
ÊY ˆ
\h = k Á ˜
Ë gd ¯
Y
(b) h = k
gd
1010
10 ¥ 10 = k ◊
3
10 ¥ 3 ¥ 103
3
fik= = 0.03
100
[F ]
13. (a) [ a] = = [ MT -1 ]
[V ]
(b) let t = k ax myV0z
It can be shown that
x = – 1; y = 1; z = 0
 1.8 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

m
\t = k (a)
a
As per this expression, the time of motion is independent of initial speed ! This cannot be true. It must grow
with V0. A large initial speed (V1) will need some non zero time to slow down to V2 fter this the particle will
take as much time to halt as it would take when projected with initial speed V2.
The only way equation (a) can be sensible is by having k = .
14. Let mass of the boulder that can be swept by the river be given by.
m = k Vx gydz
m] = [V]x [g]y [d]z
[M1 L0 T0] = [L1T–1]x [L1 T–2]y [M1 L–3]z
[Mz Lx+y–3z T–x–2y]
∴ z = 1 ; x + y – 3z = 0 ; – x – 2y = 0
Solving; x = 6; y = – 3, z = 1
\ m = k V g–3 d
6

Dm DV
\
¥ 100 = 6 ¥ 100
m V
The percentage change in mass is 6 % when speed changes by 1 %.
15. [G] = [M–1L3T–3]
[c] = [L1T–1]
[M] = [M1]
[r] = [L1]
The angle q is dimensionless.
Simple observation indicates that mass is present in expression of G and M only. Hence for dimension of mass to
be zero we must have expression like q k (GM)x (c)y (r)z
[q] = [GM]x [c]y [r]z
[M0L0T0] = [L3T–2]x [L1T–1]y [L1]z = [M0 L3x+y+z T–2x–2y]
\∴ 3x + y + z = 0
2 + 2y = 0
fiy=–x
and z = – 2x
Assuming x = 1
GM
q=k
cr 2

G2 M 2
If x = 2 q=k
c2 r 4
q is dimensionless and all expressions with x = 1,2,3 are correct. The fact of the matter is that we can also have

1 1
x = , etc. All expressions are dimensionally correct. However, the correct expression is
2 3
GM
q=k [k = 4]
c2r
 Basic Mathematics And Dimensional Analysis 1.9

16. (a) Let F = k hx cy rz

F is force per unit area
[F] = [h]x [c]y [r]z
[M1 L–1 T–2] = [M L2 T–1]x [L1 T–1]y [L]z
Ê Energy ˆ
ÁË Note : h = frequency ˜¯

\∴x = 1
2x + y + z = – 1
–x–y=–2
Solving x = 1; y = 1 ; z = – 4
hc
\F = k
r4
(b) h = 6.63 × 10–27 g cm2 s–1
c = 3 × 1010 cm s–1
r = 10–4 cm
6.63 ¥ 10 -27 ¥ 3 ¥ 1010
\k
(10 )
-4 4

13
\k = ¥ 10 -2 = 6.5 ¥ 10 -3
6 . 63 ¥ 3
Vai
17. (i) as µ
r
Va
as = k i
r
V
\k is dimensionless
r
[k] = [L–2]
(ii) k µ l–2
as
\ µ l –2
ai
I s as2
(iii) a µ l –4
I i ai2

18. Denominator is a2 + x2, which means that [a] = [x].

Pretend that x is a length. Then the integral has dimensions [L–1]
Therefore, we may expect the answer to have a term like a tan–1x. Also the argument of tan–1 should be dimensionless.
Hence, we can replace x by x/a.
Ê xˆ
Therefore, the integral can be written equal to a tan–1 Á ˜ + c
Ë ¯ a
19. Let the exposure time be t and the uncertainty in its value be t
33.3 ¥ 360∞
w=
= 200∞s-1
60
 1.10 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

q 10.8
t= =
= 0.054s
w 200
Dt Dq Dw
And = +
t q w
Dq Dw
fi Dt = t
+t
q w

Dq Dw t
= +
w w
0.1 0.1 ¥ 0.054
+ =
33.3 33.3

= 0.003
∴ t = (0.054 ± 0.003)s

al 2p b
20. (a) V2 = +
2p rl
È ˘
ÈV 2 ˘ = [ al ] = Í b ˙
Î ˚
Î rl ˚

È M 0 L1T –1 ˘ = [ a ] È L1 ˘ =
2 [b ]
Î ˚ Î ˚ È ML–3 ˘ È L1 ˘
Î ˚Î ˚
\∴ [a] = [M0 L1 T –2]
[b] = [M1 L0 T–2]

(c) Given data says (in SI units)

al 2p b1
(0.240)2 = + 3
2p 10 ¥ 30 ¥ 10 -3

al 2p b1
0.242 = +
2p 30 ……………(1)
Similarly,

al 2p b2
(0.23)2 = +
2p 30 ……………(2)
(2) - (1)
2p
(b – b ) = (0.23)2 – (0.24)2
30 2 1

30
Db = – – (0.23 + 0.24 )(0.24 – 0.23)
2p

= – 0.022 kg s–2
 Basic Mathematics And Dimensional Analysis 1.11

21. Required distance = x

r r r
x= 2
 a2 =
tan ( a
2 ) 2 a

= 0.740 arc second

∞
Ê 0.74 ˆ 0.74 p
=Á = ¥
Ë 3600 ˜¯ 3600 180 radian

r 3.000 ¥ 1011
=\x = m
a 0.74 p
¥
3600 180

3.000 ¥ 1011 ¥ 3600 ¥ 180

= ly
0.74 ¥ p ¥ 9.460 ¥ 1015
= 8.84 ly
r
x=
a
r
Dx = Da
a2
Ê 0.02 p ˆ
3.000 ¥ 10 11 ÁË 3600 ¥ 180 ˜¯
= ¥ ly
Ê 0.74 p ˆ
2
9.460 ¥ 1015
ÁË 3600 ¥ 180 ˜¯

= 0.24 ly
22. (a) Number or argon atoms in each breath
Mass of air inhaled 1
N= ¥
Mass of one particle 100

=
(1.2kgm ) (0.5 ¥ 10 -3 -3
m3 )¥ 1
= 1.2 ¥ 1020
-26
5 ¥ 10 100
Number of times Newton breath in his life time is
n = (frequency of breaths) × 84 years
n = 0.2 × 84 × 3.2 × 107 = 5.4 × 108
1
Number of argon atom that Newton breathed in his lifetime = N .n
2
1
[factor is there to account for re-breathed atoms]
2
1
= ¥ 1.2 ¥ 1020 ¥ 5.4 ¥ 108 = 3.2 ¥ 1028
2
(b) Volume of atmosphere v = 4pR2. h.
We have estimated that half a litre (= 0.5 × 10–3 m3) air has 1.2 × 1020 argon atoms, hence number of argon
atoms in atmosphere
 1.12 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

4p R 2 h
N0 = ¥ 1.2 ¥ 1020
0.5 ¥ 10 3

( )
2
4 ¥ 3.14 ¥ 6.4 ¥ 106 ¥ 20 ¥ 103
= ¥ 1.2 ¥ 1020 = 2.5 ¥ 10 42
5 ¥ 10 -4
(c) Fraction of argon in atmosphere which must have visited Newton’s lungs
3.2 ¥ 1028
= = 1.3 ¥ 10 -14
2.5 ¥ 10 42
∴ Required answer is 1.3 × 10–14 N = 1.5 × 106
23. P

h
B
A R C

R R
O

 
Length AP = arc AB + = Rq +
2 2

\ R tan q = Rq +
2
È q3 ˘ 
fi R Íq + ˙  Rq +
ÍÎ 3 ˙˚ 2
1
Rq 3  Ê 3 ˆ 3
fi  fiq  Á ˜
3 2 Ë 2R ¯
Now , OP = R sec q
È q2 ˘
R + h = R Í1 + ˙
ÍÎ 2 ˙˚
2
R R Ê 3 ˆ 3
fi h = q2 = Á ˜
2 2 Ë 2R ¯
For earth R = 6400 km = 6.4 × 106 m
And given l = 10 mm = 10–2 m
2

6.4 ¥ 106 Ê 3 ¥ 10 -2 ˆ
3

h= Á ˜

2 Ë 2 ¥ 6.4 ¥ 106 ¯

h = 3.2 × (2.3)2/3 = 3.2 × 1.74 = 5.6 m

 02 KINEMATICS

(i) negative velocity but acceleration in positive

Level 1 X direction.
Q. 1. A particle is travelling on a curved path. In (ii) positive velocity but acceleration in negative
an interval t its speed changed from v to 2v. X direction.
However, the change in magnitude of its velocity (iii) received a sharp blow (a large force for
 negligible interval of time)?
was found to be ∆V = v . What can you say X
about the direction of velocity at the beginning
and at the end of the interval ( t)?
G
Q. 2. Two tourist A and B who are at a distance of H
A D E
40 km from their camp must reach it together in F
t
O
the shortest possible time. They have one bicycle
and they decide to use it in turn. ‘A’ started B C
walking at a speed of 5 km hr–1 and B moved on
the bicycle at a speed of 15 km hr–1. After moving
Q. 5. A particle is moving along positive X direction
certain distance B left the bicycle and walked
and is retarding uniformly. The particle crosses
the remaining distance. A, on reaching near the
the origin at time t = 0 and crosses the point
bicycle, picks it up and covers the remaining
x = 4.0 m at t = 2 s.
distance riding it. Both reached the camp together.
(a) Find the average speed of each tourist. (a) Find the maximum speed that the particle can
possess at x = 0.
(b) How long was the bicycle left unused?
(b) Find the maximum value of retardation that
Q. 3. The position time graph for a particle travelling
the particle can have.
along x axis has been shown in the figure. State
whether following statements are true of false. Q. 6. The velocity time graph for two particles (1 and
2) moving along X axis is shown in fig. At time
(a) Particle starts from rest at t = 0.
t = 0, both were at origin.
X
(a) During first 4 second of motion what is
maximum separation between the particles?
At what time the separation is maximum?
t1
O t
t2 t3 (b) Draw position (x) vs time (t) graph for the
particles for the given interval.
v (m/s)

(b) Particle is retarding in the interval 0 to t1 and
accelerating in the interval t1 to t2. 4
(c) The direction of acceleration has changed 1
once during the interval 0 to t3
Q. 4. The position time graph for a particle moving 2
along X axis has been shown in the fig. At which t (s)
O 4
of the indicated points the particle has
 2.2 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

Q. 7. A ball travelling in positive X direction with speed v (m/s)

V0 hits a wall perpendicularly and rebounds with
speed V0. During the short interaction time ( t)
10
the force applied by the wall on the ball varies as
shown in figure.
A
Fx
B

O t (s)
2 4
t
O t Q. 10. A particle starts from rest (at x = 0) when an
acceleration is applied to it. The acceleration
of the particle changes with its co-ordinate as
shown in the fig. Find the speed of the particle at
x = 10m.
ax (m/s2)
Draw the velocity-time graph for the ball during
the interval 0 to t 8
Q. 8. For a particle moving along a straight line consider
following graphs A, B, C and D. Here x, v and t
are position, velocity and time respectively. X (in m)
O 8 10
(i) In which of the graphs the magnitude of
acceleration is decreasing with time? Q. 11. Acceleration vs time graph for a particle moving
along a straight line is as shown. If the initial
(ii) In which of the graphs the magnitude of
velocity of the particle is u = 10 m/s, draw a plot
acceleration is increasing with time?
of its velocity vs time for 0 < t < 8.
(iii) If the body is definitely going away from the a (m/s )
2

starting point with time, which of the given

graphs represent this condition. 10

X v
8
t (in s)
parabola 4

O t O t
(a) (b)
Q. 12. The velocity (V) – time (t) graphs for two particles
v v
A and B moving rectilinearly have been shown in
the figure for an interval of 2 second.
(a) At t = 1 s, which of the two particles (A or B)
has received a severe blow?
(b) Draw displacement (X) – time (t) graph for
O t O t both of them.
(c) (d)
V (m/s) V (m/s)
Q. 9. Two particles A and B start from same point and 4 4
move along a straight line. Velocity-time graph o 1 2 t(s)
o t(s)
for both of them has been shown in the fig. Find 1 2
the maximum separation between the particles in –4 –4
the interval 0 < t < 5 sec. (a) (b)
 Kinematics 2.3

Q. 13. A particle starts moving rectilinearly at time t = 0 interval of time it takes the chain to pass a point
such that its velocity(v) changes with time (t) as 2L below the point of support, if all of the chain is
per equation – a freely falling body.
v = (t2 – 2t) m/s for 0 < t < 2 s
Q. 19. Two nearly identical balls are released
2
= (–t + 6t – 8) m/s for 2 < t < 4 s simultaneously from the top of a tower. One
of the balls fall with a constant acceleration of
(a) Find the interval of time between t = 0 and g1 = 9.80 ms –2 while the other falls with a
t = 4 s when particle is retarding. constant acceleration that is 0.1% greater than g1.
(b) Find the maximum speed of the particle in [This difference may be attributed to variety of
the interval 0 < t < 4 s. reasons. You may point out few of them]. What
Q. 14. Our universe is always expanding. The rate at is the displacement of the first ball by the time
which galaxies are receding from each other is the second one has fallen 1.0 mm farther than the
given by Hubble’s law (discovered in 1929 by E. first ball?
Hubble). The law states that the rate of separation Q. 20. Two projectiles are projected from same point
of two galaxies is directly proportional to their on the ground in x-y plane with y direction as
separation. It means relative speed of separation vertical. The initial velocity of projectiles are
of two galaxies, presently at separation r is given 
by v = Hr V1 = Vx1 iˆ + Vy1 ˆj

H is a constant known as Hubble’s parameter. V2 = Vx 2 iˆ + Vy 2 ˆj
Currently accepted value of H is 2.32 × 10 –18 s–1 It is given that Vx1 > Vx2 and Vy1 < Vy2. Check
(a) Express the value of H in unit of whether all of the following statement/s are True.
Km. s −1 (a) Time of flight of the second projectile is

Mega light year greater than that of the other.
(b) Range of first projectile may be equal to the
(b) Find time required for separation between
range of the second.
two galaxies to change from r to 2r.
(c) Range of the two projectiles are equal if
Q. 15. A stone is projected vertically up from a point Vx1 Vy1 = Vx2 Vy2
on the ground, with a speed of 20 m/s. Plot the
(d) The projectile having greater time of flight
variation of followings with time during the entire
can have smaller range.
course of flight –
(a) Velocity Q. 21. (a) A particle starts moving at t = 0 in x-y plane
such that its coordinates (in cm) with time (in
(b) Speed
sec) change as x = 3t and y = 4 sin (3t). Draw
(c) Height above the ground the path of the particle.
(d) distance travelled

(b) If position vector of a particle is given by

( ) ( )
Q. 16. A ball is dropped from a height H above the ground. 
It hits the ground and bounces up vertically to a r = 4t 2 - 16t iˆ + 3t 2 - 12t ˆj , then find
distance travelled in first 4 sec.
height where it is caught. Taking origin at the
Q. 22. Two particles projected at angles q1 and q2 (<q1)
point from where the ball was dropped, plot the to the horizontal attain same maximum height.
variation of its displacement vs velocity. Take Which of the two particles has larger range? Find
vertically downward direction as positive. the ratio of their range.
Q. 17. A helicopter is rising vertically up with a velocity Q. 23. A ball is projected from the floor of a long hall
of 5 ms –1. A ball is projected vertically up from having a roof height of H = 10 m. The ball is
the helicopter with a velocity V (relative to the projected with a velocity of u = 25 ms–1 making an
ground). The ball crosses the helicopter 3 second angle of q = 37° to the horizontal. On hitting the
after its projection. Find V. roof the ball loses its entire vertical component of
Q. 18. A chain of length L supported at the upper end is velocity but there is no change in the horizontal
hanging vertically. It is released. Determine the component of its velocity. The ball was projected
 2.4 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

from point A and it hits the floor at B. Find 2 : 1. Find the ratio of this range R to the maximum
distance AB. possible range for the projectile assuming the
projection speed to be same in all cases.
Q. 28. A boy ‘A’ is running on a circular track of
u H
radius R. His friend, standing at a point O on the
 circumference of the track is throwing balls at
A B speed u = gR. Balls are being thrown randomly
Q. 24. In a tennis match Maria Sharapova returns an in all possible directions. Find the length of the
incoming ball at an angle that is 4° below the circumference of the circle on which the boy is
horizontal at a speed of 15 m/s. The ball was completely safe from being hit by a ball.
hit at a height of 1.6 m above the ground. The
opponent, Sania Mirza, reacts 0.2 s after the ball oA
is hit and runs to the ball and manages to return it R
just before it hits the ground. Sania runs at a speed C
of 7.5 m/s and she had to reach 0.8 m forward,
from where she stands, to hit the ball.
(a) At what distance Sania was standing from
O
Maria at the time the ball was returned by
Maria? Assume that Maria returned the ball Q. 29. A rectangular cardboard ABCD has dimensions
directly towards Sania. of 40 cm × 30 cm. It is moving in a direction
(b) With what speed did the ball hit the racket of perpendicular to its shorter side at a constant
Sania? speed of 2 cm/s. A small insect starts at corner A
and moves to diagonally opposite corner C. On
[g = 9.8 m/s2]
reaching C it immediately turns back and moves
Q.25. A player initially at rest throws a ball with an to A. Throughout the motion the insect maintains
a constant speed relative to the board. It takes

initial speed u = 19.5 m/s at an angle
10 s for the insect to reach C starting from A.
 12  Find displacement and distance travelled by the
θ = sin −1   to the horizontal. Immediately
 13  insect in reference frame attached to the ground
after throwing the ball he starts running to catch in the interval the insect starts from A and comes
it. He runs with constant acceleration (a) for first back to A.
C
2 s and thereafter runs with constant velocity. He D
just manages to catch the ball at exactly the same
height at which he threw the ball. Find ‘a’. Take 30 cm
g = 10 m/s2. Do you think anybody can run at a 2 cm/s
speed at which the player ran?
A
Q. 26. In a cricket match, a batsman hits the ball in air. 40 cm B
A fielder, originally standing at a distance of
Q. 30. Two particles A and B separated by 10 m at time
12 m due east of the batsman, starts running 0.6
t = 0 are moving uniformly. A is moving along
s after the ball is hits. He runs towards north at a
line AB at a constant velocity of 4 m/s and B is
constant speed of 5 m/s and just manages to catch
moving perpendicular to the velocity of A at a
the ball 2.4 s after he starts running.
constant velocity of 5 m/s. After what time the
Assume that the ball was hit and caught at the two particles will be nearest to each other?
same height and take g = 10 m/s2 g = 10 m/s2 5 m/s
Find the speed at which the ball left the bat and
the angle that its velocity made with the vertical.
Q. 27. The time of flight, for a projectile, along two A 4 m/s B
different paths to get a given range R, are in ratio 10 m
 Kinematics 2.5

Q. 31. Four cars are moving along a straight road in A train(T) is running uniformly on a straight
the same direction. Velocity of car 1 is 10 m/s. track. A car is travelling with constant speed
It was found that distance between car 1 and 2 is along section AB of the road which is parallel
decreasing at a rate of 2 m/s, whereas driver in car to the rails. The driver of the car notices that the
4 observed that he was nearing car 2 at a speed of train is having a speed of 7 m/s with respect to
8 m/s. The gap between car 2 and 3 is decreasing him. The car maintains the speed but takes a right
at a rate of 3 m/s. turn at B and travels along BC. Now the driver of
20 m 20 m 20 m the car finds that the speed of train relative of him
4 3 2 1 is 13 m/s. Find the possible speeds of the car.
10 m/s
B V2 A
V1
(a) If cars were at equal separations of 20 m at time
t = 0, after how much time t0 will the driver
of car 2 see for the first time, that another car A police car B is chasing a culprit’s car A.
overtakes him? Car A and B are moving at constant speed V1 =
(b) Which car will be first to overtake car 1? 108 km/hr and V2 = 90 km/hr respectively along
Q. 32. Acceleration of a particle as seen from two a straight line. The police decides to open fire and
reference frames 1 and 2 has magnitude 3 m/s2 a policeman starts firing with his machine gun
and 4 m/s2 respectively. What can be magnitude directly aiming at car A. The bullets have a velocity
of acceleration of frame 2 with respect to u = 305 m/s relative to the gun. The policeman
frame 1? keeps firing for an interval of T0 = 20 s. The Culprit
experiences that the time gap between the first and
Q. 33. A physics professor was driving a Maruti car the last bullet hitting his car is Dt. Find Dt.
which has its rear wind screen inclined at
Q. 36. A chain of length L is supported at one end and
q = 37° to the horizontal. Suddenly it started
is hanging vertically when it is released. All of
raining with rain drops falling vertically. After
the chain falls freely with acceleration g. The
some time the rain stopped and the professor found
moment, the chain is released a ball is projected
that the rear wind shield was absolutely dry. He
up with speed u from a point 2 L below the point
knew that, during the period it was raining, his car
of support. Find the interval of time in which the
was moving at a constant speed of Vc = 20 km/hr.
ball will cross through the entire chain.
[tan 37° = 0.75] Q. 37. Jet plane A is moving towards east at a speed of
(a) The professor calculated the maximum speed 900 km/hr. Another plane B has its nose pointed
of vertically falling raindrops as Vmax. What towards 45° N of E but appears to be moving in
is value of Vmax that he obtained. direction 60° N of W to the pilot in A. Find the
(b) Plot the minimum driving speed of the car vs. true velocity of B. [sin 60° = 0.866 ; sin 75° =
angle of rear wind screen with horizontal (q) 0.966]
so as to keep rain off the rear glass. Assume
that rain drops fall at constant speed Vr
N
Q. 34. T

45°
60°
E
C B

A B E
A

Q. 38. A small cart A starts moving on a horizontal

surface, assumed to be x-y plane along a straight
line parallel to x-axis (see figure) with a constant
acceleration of 4 m/s2. Initially it is located on the
C
positive y-axis at a distance 9 m from origin. At
 2.6 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

the instant the cart starts moving, a ball is rolled B

along the surface from the origin in a direction
making an angle 45° with the x-axis. The ball 10 cm 2 cm/s
moves without friction at a constant velocity and
hits the cart. Y A
(a) Describe the path of the A
Q. 41. Two particles A and B are moving uniformly in a
ball in a reference frame plane in two concentric circles. The time period
attached to the cart. of rotation is TA = 8 minute and TB = 11 minute
(b) Find the speed of the 45° respectively for the two particles. At time t = 0,
ball. O X the two particles are on a straight line passing
Q. 39. (a) A boy on a skateboard is sliding down on a through the centre of the circles. The particles are
smooth incline having inclination angle q. rotating in same sense. Find the minimum time
He throws a ball such that he catches it back when the two particles will again fall on a straight
after time T. With what velocity was the ball line passing through the centre.
thrown by the boy relative to himself ? Q. 42. A particle moves in xy plane with its position
vector changing with time (t) as

r = ( sin t ) iˆ + ( cos t ) ˆj (in meter)

Find the tangential acceleration of the particle as a
function of time. Describe the path of the particle.

q
Q. 43. Two paper discs are mounted on a rotating vertical
shaft. The shaft rotates with a constant angular
(b) Barrel of an anti aircraft gun is rotating speed w and the separation between the discs is
in vertical plane (it is rotating up from H. A bullet is fired vertically up so that it pierces
the horizontal position towards vertical through the two discs. It creates holes H1 and
orientation in the plane of the fig). The length H2 in the lower and the upper discs. The angular
of the barrel is L = 2 m and barrel is rotating separation between the two holes (measured with
with angular velocity w = 2 rad/s. At the respect to the shaft axis) is q. Find the speed (v)
instant angle q is 45° a shell is fired with a of the bullet. Assume that the speed of the bullet
velocity 2 2 m/s with respect to the exit point does not change while travelling through distance
of the barrel. The tank recoils with speed 4 H and that the discs do not complete even one
m/s. What is the launch speed of the shell as revolution in the interval the bullet pierces
seen from the ground? through them.
V

q
H2


Q. 40. long piece of paper is10 cm wide and is moving

uniformly along its length with a velocity of
H1
2 cm/s. An ant starts moving on the paper from

point A and moves uniformly with respect to the 
paper. A spider was located exactly opposite to the
ant just outside the paper at point B at the instant
the ant started to move on the paper. The spider, Q. 44. (a) A car moves around a circular arc subtending
without moving itself, was able to grab the ant 5 an angle of 60° at the centre. The car moves
second after it (the ant) started to move. Find the at a constant speed u0 and magnitude of its
speed of ant relative to the paper.
 Kinematics 2.7

instantaneous acceleration is a0. Find the Q. 47. (a) A point moving in a circle of radius R has
average acceleration of the car over the a tangential component of acceleration that
60° arc. is always n times the normal component of
(b) The speed of an object undergoing uniform acceleration (radial acceleration). At a certain
circular motion is 4 m/s. The magnitude of the instant speed of particle is v0. What is its
change in the velocity during 0.5 sec is also speed after completing one revolution?
4 m/s. Find the minimum possible centripetal (b) The tangential acceleration of a particle
acceleration (in m/s2) of the object. moving in xy plane is given by at = a0 cos q.
Q. 45. A particle is fixed to the edge of a disk that is Where a0 is a positive constant and q is the
rotating uniformly in anticlockwise direction angle that the velocity vector makes with
about its central axis. At time t = 0 the particle is the positive direction of X axis. Assuming
on the X axis at the position shown in figure and it the speed of the particle to be zero at
has velocity v x = 0, find the dependence of its speed on its
y x co-ordinate.
Q. 48. A particle is rotating in a circle. When it is at point
A its speed is V. The speed increases to 2 V by the
v at t = 0
time the particle moves to B. Find the magnitude
of change in velocity of the particle as it travels
  
x
from A to B. Also, find VA DV ; where VA is its

velocity at point A and DV is change in velocity
as it moves from A to B.
Q. 49. A particle starts from rest moves on a circle with
(a) Draw a graph representing the variation of the its speed increasing at a constant rate of . Find
x component of the velocity of the particle as the angle through which it 0.8 ms–2 would have
a function of time. turned by the time its acceleration becomes 1 ms2.
(b) Draw the y-component of the acceleration of Q. 50. In the arrangement shown in the fig, end A of the
the particle as a function of time. string is being pulled with a constant horizontal
velocity of 6 m/s. The block is free to slide on
Q. 46. A disc is rotating with constant angular velocity w
the horizontal surface and all string segments are
in anticlockwise direction. An insect sitting at the
horizontal. Find the velocity of point P on the
centre (which is origin of our co-ordinate system)
thread.
begins to crawl along a radius at time t = 0 with a
constant speed V relative to the disc. At time t = 0 A
6 m/s
the velocity of the insect is along the X direction.

(a) Write the position vector ()of the insect at P
time ‘t’. 
(b) Write the velocity vector ()of the insect at Q. 51. In the arrangement shown in the fig, block A is
time ‘t’. pulled so that it moves horizontally along the line
(c) Show that the X component of the velocity AX with constant velocity u. Block B moves along
of the insect become zero when the disc has the incline. Find the time taken by B to reach the
rotated through an angle q given by pulley P if u = 1m/s. The string is inextensible.
1
tanq = .
q y
P
w
m
12
O A
X X
v u
2m
B q=30
0
 2.8 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

(c) Find Akanksha’s average speed for covering

Level 2 distance L.
Q. 52. Two friends A and B are running on a circular track (d) How long does it take Harshit to cover the
of perimeter equal to 40 m. At time t = 0 they are distance?
at same location running in the same direction. Q. 56. There are two cars on a straight road, marked as
A is running slowly at a uniform speed of 4.5 x axis. Car A is travelling at a constant speed of
km/hr whereas B is running swiftly at a speed of VA = 9 m/s. Let the position of the Car A, at time
18 km/hr. .
t = 0, be the origin. Another car B is L = 40 m ahead
(a) At what time t0 the two friends will meet of car A at t = 0 and starts moving at a constant
again? acceleration of a = 1 m/s2 (at t = 0). Consider the
(b) What is average velocity of A and B for the length of the two cars to be negligible and treat
interval t = 0 to t = t0? them as point objects.
A $ VA = 9 m/s B $ a = 1m/s
2

Q. 53. A particle is moving along x axis. Its position as a

function of time is given by x = x(t). Say whether x
following statements are true or false. x=0

(a) The particle is definitely slowing down if L = 40 m

(a) Plot the position–time (x–t) graph for the

d2x dx
2 > 0 and <0 two cars on the same graph. The two graphs
dt dt intersect at two points. Draw conclusion from
(b) The particle is definitely moving towards the this.
d ( x2 ) (b) Determine the maximum lead that car A can
origin if <0 have.
dt
  Q. 57. Particle A is moving with a constant velocity of
Q. 54. Graph of position (x) vs inverse of velocity   VA = 50 ms–1 in positive x direction. It crossed the
 
for a particle moving on a straight line is as shown. origin at time t = 10 s. Another particle B started
Find the time taken by the particle to move from at t = 0 from the origin and moved with a uniform
x = 3 m to x = 15 m. acceleration of aB = 2 ms –2 in positive x direction.
(a) For how long was A ahead of B during the
x(m) subsequent journey?
(b) Draw the position (x) time (t) graph for the
15 two particles and mark the interval for which
A was ahead of B.
Q. 58. (a) A particle is moving along the x axis and its
velocity vs position graph is as shown. Is
the acceleration of the particle increasing,
3 decreasing or remains constant?
1 –1
v
O (sm )
2 8 v

Q. 55. Harshit and Akanksha both can run at speed v

and walk at speed u(u < v). They together start on
a journey to a place that is at a distance equal to L.
Akanksha walks half of the distance and runs the x
second half. Harshit walks for half of his travel (b) A particle is moving along x axis and its
time and runs in the other half. velocity (v) vs position (x) graph is a curve
(a) Who wins? as shown in the figure. Line APB is normal to
(b) Draw a graph showing the positions of both the curve at point P. Find the instantaneous
Harshit and Akanksha versus time. acceleration of the particle at x = 3.0 m.
 Kinematics 2.9

v (m/s) been shown in the figure. Find the time when the
two particles collide. Also find the position (x)
A where they collide. It is given that x0 = ut0, and
that the particle 2 was at origin at t = 0.
P
Q. 62. Two stations A and B are 100km apart. A passenger
train crosses station A travelling at a speed of
x (in m)
50 km/hr. The train maintains constant speed for
O C B 1 hour 48 minute and then the driven applies
(3,0) (4,0)
brakes to stop the train at station B in next 6 minute.
Q. 59. A particle has co-ordinates (x, y). Its position Another express train starts from station B at the
vector makes on angle q with positive x direction. time the passenger train was crossing station A.
In an infinitesimally small interval of time the The driver of the express train runs the train with
particle moves such that length of its position uniform acceleration to attain a peak speed v0.
vector does not change but angle q increases by Immediately after the train attains the peak speed
dq. Express the change in position vector of the v0, he applies breaks which cause the train to stop
particle in terms of x, y, dq and unit vectors î at station A at the same time the passenger train
and ĵ . stops at B. Brakes in both the trains cause uniform
y retardation of same magnitude. Find the travel
time of two trains and v0.
P(x,y)
Q. 63. Particle A starts from rest and moves along a
straight line. Acceleration of the particle varies
r with time as shown in the graph. In 10 s the
velocity of the particle becomes 60 m/s and the
q acceleration drops to zero. Another particle B
O
x starts from the same location at time t = 1.1 s and
has acceleration – time relationship identical to A
Q. 60. A rope is lying on a table with one of its end at
with a delay of 1.1 s. Find distance between the
point O on the table. This end of the rope is pulled
particles at time t = 15 s.
to the right with a constant acceleration starting
a
from rest. It was observed that last 2 m length of
the rope took 5 s in crossing the point O and the
last 1m took 2 s in crossing the point O. B
A

O
(a) Find the time required by the complete rope
O t(s)
to travel past point O. 1.1 10

(b) Find length of the rope. Q. 64.

Q. 61. ax
x v ay

x0 u a0 a0

O t O t
t0 2t0 3 t0 4 t0 t0 2 t0 3 t0 4 t0

t O t
O t0 t0 A particle is moving in x–y plane. The x and y
components of its acceleration change with time
Two particles 1 and 2 move along the x axis. The according to the graphs given in figure. At time
position (x) - time (t) graph for particle 1 and t = 0, its velocity is v0 directed along positive
velocity (v) - time (t) graph for particle 2 has
2.10 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced
v0
y direction. If a0 , find the angle that the bodies 1 and 2 value of b is 2.5 kg/s and 3.0 kg/s
t0 respectively. Neglect all other forces apart from
velocity of the particle makes with x axis at time gravity and the resistive force, while answering
t = 4t0. following questions : [Hint : acceleration =
Q. 65. A particle is moving along positive x direction force/mass]
and experiences a constant acceleration of (i) With what speed v10 and v20 will the two
4 m/s2 in negative x direction. At time t = 3 second bodies hit the bed of the pond.
its velocity was observed to be 10 m/s in positive [Take g = 10 m/s2]
x direction.
(ii) Which body will acquire speed equal to half
(a) Find the distance travelled by the particle in the terminal speed in less time.
the interval t = 0 to t = 3 s. Also find distance
travelled in the interval t = 0 to t = 7.5 s.. Q. 69. A prototype of a rocket is fired from the ground.
The rocket rises vertically up with a uniform
(b) Plot the displacement – time graph for the 5
interval t = 0 to 7.5 s. acceleration of m/s2. 8 second after the start
4
Q. 66. A bead moves along a straight horizontal wire of a small nut gets detached from the rocket. Assume
length L, starting from the left end with velocity that the rocket keeps rising with the constant
v0. Its retardation is proportional to the distance acceleration.
that remains to the right end of the wire. Find (a) What is the height of the rocket at the instant
the initial retardation (at left end of the wire) if the nut lands on the ground
the bead reaches the right end of the wire with a
(b) Plot the velocity – time graph for the motion
v0
velocity . of the nut after it separates from the rocket
2 till it hits the ground. Plot the same velocity–
Q. 67. A ball is projected vertically up from the ground time graph in the reference frame of the
surface with an initial velocity of u = 20 m/s. O rocket. Take vertically upward direction as
is a fixed point on the line of motion of the ball positive and g = 10 m/s2
at a height of H = 15 m from the ground. Plot a Q. 70. An elevator starts moving upward with constant
graph showing variation of distance (s) of the ball acceleration. The position time graph for the
from the fixed point O, with time (t). [Take g = 10 floor of the elevator is as shown in the figure. The
m/s2]. Plot the graph for the entire time of flight ceiling to floor distance of the elevator is 1.5 m.
of the ball. At t = 2.0 s, a bolt breaks loose and drops from the
ceiling.
(a) At what time t0 does the bolt hit the floor?
O
(b) Draw the position time graph for the bolt
starting from time t = 0.
[take g = 10 m/s2]
H y (In meter)

4.0

Q. 68. Two bodies 1 and 2 of different shapes are

released on the surface of a deep pond. The mass O t (In second)
2.0
of the two bodies are m1 = 1 kg and m2 = 1.2 kg
respectively. While moving through water, the Q. 71. At t = 0 a projectile is projected vertically up with
bodies experience resistive force given as R = bv, a speed u from the surface of a peculiar planet.
where v is speed of the body and b is a positive The acceleration due to gravity on the planet
constant dependent on shape of the body. For changes linearly with time as per equation g = at
where a is a constant.
 Kinematics 2.11

(a) Find the time required by the projectile to y(m) vy

attain maximum height. v0
(b) Find maximum height attained.
38.4
x
(c) Find the total time of flight. 19.2

Q. 72. A wet ball is projected horizontally at a speed of –v0

u = 10 m/s from the top of a tower h = 31.25 m
t(s)
high. Water drops detach from the ball at regular O 2.4
intervals of Dt = 1.0 s after the throw. (a) Find the angle of projection a
(a) How many drops will detach from the ball (b) Find the inclination (q) of the incline.
before it hits the ground.
(c) If the ball is projected with same speed but
(b) How far away the drops strike the ground
at an angle q (= inclination of incline) to the
from the point where the ball hits the ground?
horizontal, will it hit the incline above or
Q. 73. Two stones of mass m and M (M > m) are dropped below the point where it struck the incline
Dt time apart from the top of a tower. Take time earlier?
t = 0 at the instant the second stone is released.
Q. 76. (i) A canon can fire shells at speed u. Inclination
Let Dv and Ds be the difference in their speed
of its barrel to the horizontal can be changed
and their mutual separation respectively. Plot the
in steps of q = 1° ranging from q1 = 15° to
variation of Dv and Ds with time for the interval
q2 = 85°. Let Rn be the horizontal range for
both the stones are in flight. [g = 10 m/s2]
projection angle q = n°.
Q. 74. A particle is moving in the xy plane on a sinusoidal
∆Rn = Rn − Rn +1
course determined by y = A sin kx, where k and A
are constants. The X component of the velocity For what value of n the value of Rn is
of the particle is constant and is equal to v0 and maximum? Neglect air resistance.
the particle was at origin at time t = 0. Find the (ii) A small water sprinkler is in the shape of a
magnitude of the acceleration of the particle when hemisphere with large number of uniformly
p spread holes on its surface. It is placed on
it is at point having x co ordinate x = . ground and water comes out of each hole
2k
with speed u. Assume that we mentally divide
Q. 75. A ball is projected from a cliff of height h = 19.2 the ground into many small identical patches
m at an angle a to the horizontal. It hits an incline – each having area S. What is the distance
passing through the foot of the cliff, inclined at of a patch from the sprinkler which receives
an angle q to the horizontal. Time of flight of the maximum amount of water ?
ball is T = 2.4 s. Foot of the cliff is the origin of
the co-ordinate system, horizontal is x direction A gun fires a large number of bullets upward.
and vertical is y direction (see figure). Plot of y Due to shaking of hands some bullets deviate as
co-ordinate vs time and y component of velocity much as 1° from the vertical. The muzzle speed
of the ball (vy) vs its x co-ordinate (x) is as shown. of the gun is 150 m/s and the height of gun above
x and y are in m and time is in s in the graph. the ground is negligible. The radius of the head of
[g = 10 m/s2] the person firing the gun is 10cm. You can assume
y that acceleration due to gravity is nearly constant
for heights involved and its value is g = 10 m/s2.
The gun fires 1000 bullets and they fall uniformly
over a circle of radius r. Neglect air resistance.
A a
You can use the fact sin q ~ q when q is small.
(a) Find the approximate value of r.
(b) What is the probability that a bullet will fall
h
on the person’s head who is firing?

q
Three stones are projected simultaneously with
x
O same speed u from the top of a tower. Stone 1 is
 2.12 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

projected horizontally and stone 2 and stone 3 are P

projected making an angle q with the horizontal
as shown in fig. Before stone 3 hits the ground, the
distance between 1 and 2 was found to increase at
a constant rate u. u u
2
A q a q B
O
q
1 x0
q
(b) Calculate the inclination of the wall to the
3 horizontal (a) [g = 10 m/s2]
Q. 81. AB is a pipe fixed to the ground at an inclination of
37°. A ball is projected from point O at a speed of
u = 20m/s at an angle of 53° to the horizontal and
it smoothly enters into the pipe with its velocity
parallel to the axis of the pipe. [Take g = 10 ms–2]
(a) Find q
(b) Find the rate at which the distance between 2
and 3 increases.
A
u
A horizontal electric wire is stretched at a height

L
h = 10 m above the ground. A boy standing on the
ground can throw a stone at a speed u = 20 ms –1. 53° 37° B
Find the maximum horizontal distance x at which O
a bird sitting on the wire can be hit by the stone.
(a) Find the length L of the pipe
x
(b) Find the distance of end B of the pipe from
point O.
Q. 82. (a) A boy throws several balls out of the
window of his house at different angles to
h u
the horizontal. All balls are thrown at speed
u = 10 m/s and it was found that all of them
hit the ground making an angle of 45° or
q
larger than that with the horizontal. Find the
height of the window above the ground [take
Q. 80. A wall OP is inclined to the horizontal ground g = 10 m/s2]
at an angle a. Two particles are projected from

(b) A gun is mounted on an elevated platform
points A and B on the ground with same speed (u)
AB. The distance of the gun at A from the
in directions making an angle q to the horizontal
edge B is AB = 960 m. Height of platform
(see figure). Distance between points A and B is
is OB = 960 m. The gun can fire shells with
x0 = 24 m. Both particles hit the wall elastically
a velocity of u = 100 m/s at any angle. What
and fall back on the ground. Time of flight (time
is the minimum distance (OP) from the foot
required to hit the wall and then fall back on to the of the platform where the shell of gun can
ground) for particles projected from A and B are reach?
4 s and 2 s respectively. Both the particles strike u
the wall perpendicularly and at the same location.
[In elastic collision, the velocity component of B
the particle that is perpendicular to the wall gets A
reversed without change in magnitude]
(a) Calculate maximum height attained by the O P
particle projected from A. Q. 83 An object A is kept fixed at the point x = 3 m
 Kinematics 2.13

and y = 1.25 m on a plank P raised above the Q. 85. A city bus has a horizontal rectangular roof and
ground. At time t = 0 the plank starts moving a rectangular vertical windscreen. One day it was
along the + x direction with an acceleration raining steadily and there was no wind.
1.5 m/s2. At the same instant a stone is projected (a) Will the quantity of water falling on the roof
from the origin with a velocity u as shown. A in unit time be different for the two cases (i)
stationary person on the ground observes the the bus is still (ii) the bus is moving with
stone hitting the object during its downwards speed v on a horizontal road ?
motion at an angle of 45º to the horizontal. All the
motions are in x-y plane. Find u and the time after (b) Draw a graph showing the variation of
which the stone hits the object. Take g = 10 m/s2 quantity of water striking the windscreen in
A
unit time with speed of the bus (v).
y
P Q. 86. A truck is travelling due north descending a hill of
1.25 m slope angle q = tan–1 (0.1) at a constant speed of
90 km/hr. At the base of the hill there is a gentle
curve and beyond that the road is level and heads
u
30° east of north. A south bound police car is
x travelling at 80 km/hr along the level road at the
O 3m
base of the hill approaching the truck. Find the
velocity of the truck relative to police car in terms
Q. 84. (a) A particle is thrown from a height h
horizontally towards a vertical wall with a of unit vectors iˆ, ˆj and k̂ . Take x axis towards
speed v as shown in the figure. If the particle east, y axis towards north and z axis vertically
returns to the point of projection after upwards.
suffering two elastic collisions, one with the Q. 87. Two persons A and B travelling at 60 km/hr–1
wall and another with the ground, find the in their cars moving in opposite directions on a
total time of flight. [Elastic collision means straight road observe an airplane. To the person A,
the velocity component perpendicular to the the airplane appears to be moving perpendicular
surface gets reversed during collision.] to the road while to the observe B the plane
appears to cross the road making an angle of 45°.
v
(a) At what angle does the plane actually cross
h the road (relative to the ground).
(b) Find the speed of the plane relative to the
(b) Touching a hemispherical dome of radius R ground.
there is a vertical tower of height H = 4 R.
A boy projects a ball horizontally at speed Q. 88.
u from the top of the tower. The ball strikes C

R
the dome at a height from ground and
2
rebounds. After rebounding the ball retraces l u
back its path into the hands of the boy. Find u.
u

A B
L
Two friends A and B are standing on a river bank
H L distance apart. They have decided to meet
at a point C on the other bank exactly opposite
to B. Both of them start rowing simultaneously
on boats which can travel with velocity
R
V = 5 km/hr in still water. It was found that both
O reached at C at the same time. Assume that path of
 2.14 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

both the boats are straight lines. Width of the river ground at the instant when the particle was
is l = 3.0 km and water is flowing at a uniform projected.
speed of u = 3.0 km/hr. Q. 91. A ball is projected in vertical x–y plane from a
(a) In how much time the two friends crossed the car moving along horizontal x direction. The car
river. is speeding up with constant acceleration. Which
(b) Find L. one of the following trajectory of the ball is not
possible in the reference frame attached to the
Q. 89. On a frictionless horizontal surface, assumed to be car? Give reason for your answer. Explain the
the x-y plane, a small trolley A is moving along a condition in which other trajectories are possible.
straight line parallel to the y-axis (see figure) with Consider origin at the point of projection.
a constant velocity of ( 3 – 1) m/s. At a particular y y
instant, when the line OA makes an angle of 45°
with the x-axis, a ball is thrown along the surface
from the origin O. Its velocity makes an angle f
with the x-axis and it hits the trolley.
y x x
A
(a) (b)

y
y

45°
O x

(a) The motion of the ball is observed from the

x x
frame of the trolley. Calculate the angle q (c) (d)
made by the velocity vector of the ball with
the x-axis in this frame. Q. 92. A boy standing on a cliff 50 m high throws a ball
with speed 40 m/s directly aiming towards a man
(b) Find the speed of the ball with respect to the
standing on ground at B. At the same time the
4θ
surface, if φ = . man at B throws a stone with a speed of 10 m/s
3
directly aiming towards the boy.
Q. 90. A large heavy box is sliding without friction
down a smooth plane having inclination angle q. A
From a point P at the bottom of a box, a particle is
projected inside the box. The initial speed of the
particle with respect to box is u and the direction
of projection makes an angle a with the bottom as
50 m
shown in figure


P Q
C B
50 m

 (a) Will the ball and the stone collide? If yes, at

(a) Find the distance along the bottom of the box what time after projection?
between the point of projection P and the (b) At what height above the ground the two
point Q where the particle lands. (Assume objects collide?
that the particle does not hit any other surface (c) Draw the path of ball in the reference frame
of the box. Neglect air resistance) of the stone.
(b) If the horizontal displacement of the particle Q. 93. A man walking downhill with velocity V0 finds
as seen by an observer on the ground is zero, that his umbrella gives him maximum protection
find the speed of the box with respect to the from rain when he holds it such that the stick is
 Kinematics 2.15

perpendicular to the hill surface. When the man applied and the train begins to retard at a uniform
turns back and climbs the hill with velocity V0, rate that is equal to its previous acceleration (a)
he finds that it is most appropriate the hold the
(a) Will the ball hit the wall BC or wall CD or the
umbrella stick vertical. Find the actual speed of corner C?
raindrops in terms of V0. The inclination of the
hill is q = 37°.
(b) What is speed of the ball, relative to the
wagon at the instant it hits a wall ?
Q. 96. Five particles are projected simultaneously from
the top of a tower that is h = 32 m high. The initial
velocities of projection are as shown in figure.
V0 Velocity of 2 and 5 are horizontal.
15 m/s
V0
4 3 10 m/s

53° 37°
5
10 m/s
15 m/s 37° 2
q 
1
Q. 94. There are two hills A and B and a car is travelling 10 m/s

towards hill A along the line joining the two

hills. Car is travelling at a constant speed u. There
h = 32m
is a wind blowing at speed u in the direction of
motion of the car (i.e., from hill B to A). When
the car is at a distance x1 from A and x2 from B
it sounds horn (for very short interval). Driver
hears the echo of horn from both the hills at the
same time.
(a) Which particle will hit the ground first?
Wind (u)
(b) Separation between which two particles is
x2 x1
maximum at the instant the first particle hits
the ground?
(c) Which two particles are last and last but one
B u A to hit the ground? Calculate the distance
between these two particles (still in air), at
1
a time 0.3s after the third particle lands on
Find the ratio taking speed of sound in still air ground.
to be V. 2
3
[g = 10 m/s2, tan 37° = ]
Q. 95. The figure shows a square train wagon ABCD 4
which has a Q. 97. From the top of a long smooth incline a small
C D body A is projected along the surface with speed
smooth floor and
side length of 2 L. u. Simultaneously, another small object B is
The train is mov- thrown horizontally with velocity v = 10 m/s,
ing with uniform 2L
from the same point. The two bodies travel in the
acceleration (a) in same vertical plane and body B hits body A on the
a direction parallel incline. If the inclination angle of the incline is
to DA. A 'ball is u 4
B A θ = cos −1   find
rolled along the 5
2L
floor with a veloci-
(a) the speed u with which A was projected.
ty u, parallel to AB, with respect to the wagon.
The ball passes through the centre of the wagon (b) the distance from the point of projection,
floor. At the instant it is at the centre, brakes are where the two bodies collide.
 2.16 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

B V where q is the angle made by position vector

A of the rocket with respect to the vertical.
y
u
Rocket

r
q

Q. 98. A man is on straight road AC, standing at A. He

wants to get to a point P which is in field at a
distance ‘d’ off the road (see figure). Distance AB x

is l = 50. The man can run on the road at a speed (a) Neglect atmospheric resistance and take
v1 = 5 m/s and his speed in the field is v2 = 3 m/s. g = 9.8 m/s2 at the concerned height. Neglect
l height of radar. Calculate the height of the
A B C
rocket above the ground.
(b) Two points A and B are moving in X - Y plane
(
with constant velocity of VA = 6iˆ - 9 ˆj m/s )
d
( )
and V = iˆ + ˆj m/s respectively. At time
B

t = 0 they are 15 m apart and both of them

lie on y axis with A lying away on positive
P Y axis with respect to B. What is the angular
velocity of A with respect to B at t = 1 s?
(a) Find the minimum value of ‘d’ for which man
can reach point P in least possible time by Q. 101. A stone is projected horizontally with speed u
travelling only in the field along the straight from the top of a tower of height h.
line AP. (a) Calculate the radius of curvature of the path
(b) If value of ‘d’ is half the value found in (a), of the stone at the point where its tangential
what length the man must run on the road and radial accelerations are equal.
before entering the field, in order to reach ‘P’ (b) What shall be the height (h) of the tower so
in least possible time. that radius of curvature of the path is always
Q. 99. Two particles, A and B are moving in concentric less than the value obtained in (a) above.
circles in anticlockwise sense in the same plane Q. 102. A stick of length L = 2.0 m is leaned against a
with radii of the circles being gA = 1.0 m and gB = wall as shown. It is released from a position when
2.0 m respectively. The particles move with same q = 60°. The end A of the stick remains in contact
angular speed of w = 4 rad/s. with the wall and its other end B remains in
Find the angular velocity of B as observed by A if contact with the floor as the stick slides down.
Find the distance travelled by the centre of the
(a) Particles lie on a line passing through the
stick by the time it hits the floor.
centre of the circle.
A
(b) Particles lie on two perpendicular lines
passing through the centre.
Q. 100. (a) An unpowered rocket is in flight in air. At a
moment the tracking radar gives following
data regarding the rocket.
r = distance of the rocket from the radar =
q
dr dθ
4000 m, = 0, = 1.8 deg/sec; B
dt dt
 Kinematics 2.17

Q. 103. (a) A line PQ is moving on a fixed circle of ball is 10 m/s parallel to the incline XO.
radius R. The line has a constant velocity v x
perpendicular to itself. Find the speed of B
point of intersection (A) of the line with the
y
circle at the moment the line is at a distance 10
d = R/2 from the centre of the circle. m/
s
V

A 60° 30°
P Q
d O

Q. 106. A meter stick AB is lying on a horizontal table. Its

end A is pulled up so as to move it with a constant
velocity VA = 4ms–1 along a vertical line. End B
slides along the floor.
(b) In the figure shown a pin P is confined to VA

move in a fixed circular slot of radius R. The

pin is also constrained to remains inside the A

slot in a straight arm O'A. The arm moves

with a constant angular speed w about the
hinge O'. What is the acceleration of point
P?
B
A B
P
(a) After how much time (t0) speed (VB) of end B
becomes equal to the speed (VA) of end A ?
O' O (b) Find distance travelled by the end B in
R R time t0.
Q. 107. One end of a rope is fixed at a point on the ceiling
the other end is held close to the first end so that
the rope is folded. The second end is released
C from this position. Find the speed at which the
Q. 104. A flexible inextensible cord supports a mass M fold at F is descending at the instant the free end
as shown in figure. A1, A2 and B are small pulleys of the rope is going down at speed V.
in contact with the cord. At time t = 0 cord PQ
is horizontal and A1, A2 start moving vertically
down at a constant speed of v1, whereas B moves
up at a constant speed of v2. Find the velocity of
mass M as a function of time. V
L L L L
P Q
A1 A2
B

Q. 108. Block A rests on inclined surface of wedge B

M which rests on a horizontal surface. The block A is
connected to a string, which passes over a pulley
Q. 105. In the arrangement shown in the figure A is an P (fixed rigidly to the wedge B) and its other end
equilateral wedge and the ball B is rolling down is securely fixed to a wall at Q. Segment PQ of
the incline XO. Find the velocity of the wedge (of the string is horizontal and Q is at a large distance
course, along OY) at the moment velocity of the
 2.18 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

from P. The system is let go from rest and the Q. 111. While starting from a station, a train driver was
wedge slides to right as A moves on its inclined instructed to stop his train after time T and to
face. Find the distance travelled by A by the time cover maximum possible distance in that time.
it reaches the bottom of the inclined surface. (a) If the maximum acceleration and retardation
P Q for the train are both equal to ‘a’, find the
A
maximum distance it can cover.
5m
(b) Will the train travel more distance if
maximum acceleration is ‘a’ but the
C q = 30° B
maximum retardation caused by the brakes is
‘2a’? Find this distance.
Q. 109. Two frictionless ropes connect points A & B in Q. 112. Two particles 1 and 2 start simultaneously from
vertical plane. Bead 1 is allowed to slide along origin and move along the positive X direction.
the straight rope AB and bead 2 slides along the Initial velocity of both particles is zero. The
curved rope ACB. Which bead will reach B in less acceleration of the two particles depends on their
time? displacement (x) as shown in fig.
a1 a2
A
1
2a0 2a0

a0 a0
2
O X0 X O X0 X
C B

(a) Particles 1 and 2 take t1 and t2 time respectively

Level 3 for their displacement to become x0. Find 2
.
1

Q. 110. A car manufacturer usually tells a optimum speed (b) Which particle will cover 2x0 distance in
(V0) at which the car should be driven to get least time? Which particle will cross the point
maximum mileage. In order to find the optimum x = 2x0 with greater speed?
speed for a new model, an engineer of the car (c) The two particles have same speed at a certain
company experimented a lot and finally plotted time after the start. Calculate this common
a graph between the extreme time t (defined as speed in terms of a0 and x0.
number of hours a tank full of petrol lasts) vs the
Q. 113. A cat is following a rat. The rat is running with a
constant speed V at which car was run.
constant velocity u. The cat moves with constant
t (hour) speed v with her velocity always directed towards
the rat. Consider time to be t = 0 at an instant when
both are moving perpendicular to each other and
20
separation between them is L.
(a) Find acceleration of the cat at t = 0.
(b) Find the time t0 when the rat is caught.
(c) Find the acceleration of the cat immediately
4 before it catches the rat.
3 -1
O 10 150
V(km hr ) (d) Draw the path of the rat as seen by the
cat.
(a) Calculate the optimum speed V0 for this new Q. 114.(a) Prove that bodies starting at the same time t = 0
model. from the same point, and following frictionless
(b) If the fuel tank capacity of this car is 50 litre, slopes in different directions in the same
what maximum mileage can be obtained vertical plane, all lie in a circle at any
from this car? subsequent time.
 Kinematics 2.19

(b) Using the above result do the following Q. 118. A valley has two walls inclined at 37° and 53° to
problem. A point P lies above an inclined the horizontal. A particle is projected from point
plane of inclination angle a. P is joined to the P with a velocity of u = 20 m/s along a direction
plane at number of points by smooth wires, perpendicular to the incline wall OA. The Particle
running in all possible directions. Small hits the incline surface RB perpendicularly at Q.
bodies (in shape of beads) are released from Take g = 10 m/s2 and find:
P along all the wires simultaneously. Which (a) The time of flight of the particle.
body will take least time to reach the plane.
P
(b) Vertical height h of the point P from
horizontal surface OR.
 3
 tan 37° = 4 

 
B

A u
a Q

Q. 115. The acceleration due to gravity near the surface of

 
the earth is g . A ball is projected with velocity u h
from the ground. 37° 53°
O R
(a) Express the time of flight of the ball.
(b) Write the expression of average velocity of Q. 119.
the ball for its entire duration of flight.
 
Express both answers in terms of u and g .
h
Q. 116. A ball is projected from point O on the ground.
It hits a smooth vertical wall AB at a height h
and rebounds elastically. The ball finally lands
at a point C on the ground. During the course of
motion, the maximum height attained by the ball
is H.
B 

A ball is released in air above an incline plane

inclined at an angle a to the horizontal. After
falling vertically through a distance h it hits the
incline and rebounds. The ball flies in air and
C
then again makes an impact with the incline. This
O A
way the ball rebounds multiple times. Assume
h OA 1 that collisions are elastic, i.e., the ball rebound
(a) Find the ratio if
H OC 3 without any loss in speed and in accordance to
(b) Find the magnitude of average acceleration the law of reflection.
of the projectile for its entire course of flight (a) Distance between the points on the incline
if it was projected at an angle of 45° to the where the ball makes first and second impact
horizontal. is l1 and distance between points where the
Q. 117. A boy can throw a ball up to a speed of ball makes second and third impact is l2.
u = 30 m/s . He throws the ball many a times, Which is large l1 or l2?
ensuring that maximum height attained by the ball (b) Calculate the distance between the points on
in each throw is h = 20 m. Calculate the maximum the incline where the ball makes second and
horizontal distance at which a ball might have fifth impact.
landed from the point of projection. Neglect the Q. 120. A terrorist ‘A’ is walking at a constant speed of
height of the boy. [g = 10 m/s2] 7.5 km/hr due West. At time t = 0, he was exactly
 2.20 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

South of an army camp at a distance of 1 km. At blowing at a speed of . Mark the area on the
this instant a large number of army men scattered
in every possible direction from their camp in ground that the sprinkler will now be able to wet.
search of the terrorist. Each army person walked
in a straight line at a constant speed of 6 km/hr.
(a) What will be the closest distance of an
army person from the terrorist in this search O
operation?
(b) At what time will the terrorist get nearest to
an army person?
Q. 124. A cylinder of radius R has been placed in a corner
Q. 121. A large wedge BCD, having its inclined surface
as shown in the fig. A wedge is pressed against
at an angle q = 45° to the horizontal, is travelling
the cylinder such that its inclined surfaces touches
horizontally leftwards with uniform velocity
2
u = 10 m/s the cylinder at a height of from the ground.
u 5
C Now the wedge is pushed to the left at a constant
speed V = 15 m/s. With what speed will the
cylinder move?
V V

B 45° D
A

At some instant a particle is projected vertically

up with speed V = 20 m/s from point A on ground
lying at some distance right to the lower edge B R
of the wedge. The particle strikes the incline BC
normally, while it was falling. [g = 10 m/s2]
(a) Find the distance AB at the instant the particle 2R/5
was projected from A.
(b) Find the distance of lower edge B of the Q. 125. The entrance to a harbour consists of 50 m gap
wedge from point A at the instant the particle between two points A and B such that B is due
strikes the incline. east of A. Outside the harbour there is a 8 km/hr
(c) Trace the path of the particle in the reference current flowing due east. A motor boat is located
frame attached to the wedge. 300 m due south of A. Neglect size of the boat for
answering following questions-
Q. 122. The speed of river current close to banks is nearly
zero. The current speed increases linearly from (a) Calculate the least speed (Vmin) that the motor
the banks to become maximum (= V0) in the boat must maintain to enter the harbour.
middle of the river. A boat has speed ‘u’ in still (b) Show that the course it must steer when
water. It starts from one bank and crosses the moving at Vmin does not depend on the speed
river. Its velocity relative to water is always kept of the current.
perpendicular to the current. Find the distance
Q. 126. Two small pegs (A and B) are at horizontal and
through which the boat will get carried away by
vertical separation b and h respectively. A small
the current (along the direction of flow) while it
block of mass M is suspended with the help of
crosses the river. Width of the river is l.
two light strings passing over A and B as shown in
Q. 123. A water sprinkler is positioned at O on horizontal fig. The two string are always kept at right angles
ground. It issues water drops in every possible (i.e., <APB = 90°). Find the minimum possible
direction with fixed speed u. This way the gravitation potential energy of the mass assuming
sprinkler is able to completely wet a circular area the reference level at location of peg A. [Hint: the
of the ground (see fig). A horizontal wind starts potential energy is minimum when the block is at
 Kinematics 2.21

its lowest position] Q. 130. In the arrangement shown in the figure, the block
b C begins to move down at a constant speed of
7.5 cm/s at time t = 0. At the same instant block
B
A is made to start moving down at constant
h acceleration. It starts at M and its speed is 30 cm/s
A when it reaches N (MN = 20 cm). Assuming that
B started from rest, find its position, velocity and
P acceleration when block A reaches N.
M

Q. 127. (a) A canon fires a shell up on an inclined plane.

Prove that in order to maximize the range
along the incline the shell should be fired in
a direction bisecting the angle between the
incline and the vertical. Assume that the shell
fires at same speed all the time.
(b) A canon is used to hit a target a distance R A
up an inclined plane. Assume that the energy M
used to fire the projectile is proportional to
square of its projection speed. Prove that the C B
angle at which the shell shall be fired to hit 20 cm
the target but use the least amount of energy
is same as the angle found in part (a)
u N

Q. 131. A rocket prototype is fired from ground at time

t = 0 and it goes straight up. Take the launch
point as origin and vertically upward direction as
Q. 128. A ball of mass m is projected from ground making positive x direction. The acceleration of the rocket
an angle q to the horizontal. There is a horizontal is given by
wind blowing in the direction of motion of the
g
ball. Due to wind the ball experiences a constant a = - kt 2 ; 0 < t £ t0

mg 2
horizontal force of in direction of its motion. = - g; t > t0
Find q for which the horizontal range of the ball
will be maximum. 3g
Where t0
Q. 129. A projectile is projected from a level ground 2k
making an angle q with the horizontal (x (a) Find maximum velocity of the rocket during
direction). The vertical (y) component of its the up journey.
velocity changes with its x co-ordinate according (b) Find maximum height attained by the rocket.
to the graph shown in figure. Calculate q. Take (c) Find total time of flight.
g = 10 ms–2.
vy (m/s) Q. 132. A man standing inside a room of length L rolls a
ball along the floor at time t = 0. The ball travels
at constant speed v relative to the floor, hits the
front wall (B) and rebounds back with same
speed v. The man catches the ball back at the wall
45° 10 A at time t0. The ball travelled along a straight
x (In m)
O line relative to the man inside the room. Another
observer standing outside the room found that
the entire room was travelling horizontally at
constant velocity v in a direction parallel to the
 2.22 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

two walls A and B. rim of the umbrella has a radius of r = 0.5 m and
B
v
it is at a height of H = 1.8 m from the floor. The
man holding the umbrella gradually increases the
angular speed to make it 2 w. Calculate the area of
the floor that will get wet due to water drops spun
off the rim and hitting the floor. [g = 10 m/s2]
L

(a) Find the average speed of the ball in the time

interval t = 0 to t = t0 as observed by the r = 0.5 m
observer outside the room.
(b) If the room has acceleration in the direction H = 1.8 m
of its velocity draw a sketch of the path of
the ball as observed by the observer standing
outside. Assume that velocity of room was v
at the instant the ball was released.
Q. 133. There is a tall cylindrical building standing in a Q. 135. A ball is projected vertically up from ground. Boy
field. Radius of the cylinder is R = 8 m. A boy A standing at the window of first floor of a nearby
standing at A (at a distance of 10 m from the building observes that the time interval between
centre of the cylindrical base of the building) the ball crossing him while going up and the ball
knows that his friend is standing at B behind the crossing him while going down is t1. Another
building. The line joining A and B passes through boy B standing on the second floor notices that
the centre of the base of the building. Distance time interval between the ball passing him twice
between A and B is 50 m. A wants to throw a ball (during up motion and down motion) is t2.
to B but he realizes that the building is too tall and (a) Calculate the height difference (h) between
he cannot throw the ball over it. He throws the the boy B and A.
ball at a speed of 20 m/s such that his friend at B
(b) Assume that the height of boy A from the
has to move minimum distance to catch it.
point of projection of the ball is also equal to
h and calculate the speed with which the ball
R = 8m was projected.
Q. 136. A stick of length L is dropped from a high tower.
An ant sitting at the lower end of the stick begins
10 m 40 m to crawl up at the instant the stick is released.
Velocity of the ant relative to the stick remains
A O B constant and is equal to u. Assume that the stick
(a) What is the minimum distance that boy at B remains vertical during its fall, and length of the
stick is sufficiently long.
will have to move to catch the ball?
(b) At what angle to the horizontal does the boy
at A throws the ball?
Assume that the ball is released and caught at
same height above the ground. L
2 –1
[Take g = 10 m/s and sin (0.75) ~ 48.6°
Q. 134. A wet umbrella is held upright (see figure). The
man holding it is rotating it about its vertical
shaft at an angular speed of w = 5 rad s–1. The
 Kinematics 2.23

(a) Calculate the maximum height attained by the ant an insect jumps from point A on the windshield,
measured from its initial position. with a velocity u = 2.64 m/s (relative to ground)
(b) What time after the start the ant will be at the in vertically upward direction. It falls back at
same height from where it started? point B on the windshield. Calculate distance AB.
Assume that the insect moves freely under gravity
Q. 137. Two balls are projected simultaneously from the and g = 10 m/s2.
top of a tall building. The first ball is projected
horizontally at speed u1 = 10 m/s and the other

one is projected at an angle θ = tan −1   to the

4 B

3
horizontal with a velocity u2. [g = 10 m/s2] A
u2
37°

q
u1
a = 5 m/s2

Q. 140. Two persons are pulling a heavy block with the

help of horizontal inextensible strings. At the
instant shown, the velocities of the two persons
are v1 and v2 directed along the respective strings
(a) Find minimum value of u2 (= u0) so that with the strings making an angle of 60° between
the velocity vector of the two balls can get them.
perpendicular to each other at some point of
(a) Find the speed of the block at the instant
time during their course of flight.
shown.
(b) Find the time after which velocities of the (b) For what ratio of v1 and v2 the instantaneous
two balls become perpendicular if the second velocity of the block will be along the
one was projected with speed u0. direction of v1.
Q. 138. There is a large wedge placed on a horizontal v1
surface with its incline face making an angle of
37° to the horizontal. A particle is projected in
vertically upward direction with a velocity of u
= 6.5 m/s from a point O on the inclined surface. 60°
At the instant the particle is projected, the wedge
begins to move horizontally with a constant
acceleration of a = 4 m/s2. At what distance from
point O will the particle hit the incline surface if v2

(i) direction of a is along BC? Q. 141. A heavy block 'B' is sliding with constant velocity
u on a horizontal table. The width of the block is
(ii) direction of a is along AB?
L. There is an insect A at a distance d from the
block as shown in the figure. The insect wants to
cross to the opposite side of the table. It begins to
A crawl at a constant velocity v at the instant shown
in the figure. Find the least value of v for which
O 37° the insect can cross to the other side without
getting hit by the block.
C B
u
B
Q. 139. The windshield of a truck is inclined at 37° to
the horizontal. The truck is moving horizontally L
with a constant acceleration of a = 5 m/s2. At the
d A
instant the velocity of the truck is v0 = 0.77 m/s,
 2.24 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

Q. 142. A projectile is thrown from ground at a speed v0 A projectile is thrown from a point on ground,
at an angle a to the horizontal. Consider point with initial velocity u at some angle to the
of projection as origin, horizontal direction as X horizontal. Show that it can clear a pole of height
axis and vertically upward as Y axis. Let t be the h at a distance d from the point of projection if
time when the velocity vector of the projectile
becomes perpendicular to its position vector. u2 > g [h + h 2 + d 2 ]
A particle rotates in a circle with angular speed
(a) Write a quadratic equation in t.
w0. A retarding force decelerates it such that
(b) What is the maximum angle a for which angular deceleration is always proportional to
the distance of projectile from the point of square root of angular velocity. Find the mean
projection always keeps on increasing? angular velocity of the particle averaged over the
[Hint: Start from the equation you obtained whole time of rotation.
in part (a)]

ANSWERS

The two velocities are perpendicular. (i) B and C

(a) 7.5 km/hr–1 (ii) D
(b) 2 hr 40 min (iii) A, B, C, D
3. (a) F 10 m
(b) T v = 12 m/s
(c) T
4. (a) E, v (m/s)

(b) D,G 30
(c) B,C
5. (a) 4 m/s 10
(b) 2 m/s2 t
O 4 8
(a) Xmax = 4 m ; t = 2 s
12. (a) particle A
(b) x (m)
(b) see solution for graph
(a) l < t < 2 s and 3 < t < 4 s
8 (b) 1 m/s
14. (a) 22 (Km) (s–1) (MLy–1)
1n(2)
(b)
t (s) (a)
4
v V (m / s)
20
v0

2 4
t t (s)
t O

–20
–v0
 Kinematics 2.25

(b) V (m / s) 20 (1 + 2) m
20 24. (a) 12.13 m
(b) 16 m/s
O 2 4
t (s) a = 5.19 m/s2
4 2
u = 16 m/s; θ = tan −1  
 15 
(c) h (m) 4
5
20 m 4
pR
3
Displacement = 40 cm
O 2 4
t (s) Distance = (30 5 + 10 13) cm
(d) Distance (m) 40
s
41
40
31. (a) t0 = 5 s
(b) car 4
1 m/s2 to 7 m/s2
(a) Vmax = 12 km/hr
O t (s) (b)
4
Vcmin
y

Up
m
ot ion
io ot 0° 
n m 90°
H/2 wn
Do
5 m/s, 12 m/s
V
V0 O V0
Dt = 23.33 s
2
L
V = 20 ms–1
u
2L  2 − 1 807 kph
∆t =  
g 38. (a) Parabolic path
1m (b) 6 m/s
20. All statements are true 1
(a) Tg cosq Perpendicular to the incline
y 2
(b) 4 2 ms–1
x 2 2 cms–1
88
min
3
40 m at = 0; path is circular
The one that is projected at q2
wH
tan θ 2 n=
1
= q
2 tan θ1
 2.26 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

3 2uv
(a) a = a0 (c)
p u v
(b) 8.37 m/s2 2L
45. (a) vx (d)
u v
56. (b) 0.5 m
v
57. (a) 10 5 s
t
(b) x
B
–v A

ay
(b)

O t (s)
10 t1 t2
 t
(a) r = vt [cos (wt) î + sin (wt)] ĵ
(b) 

Vp = V [cos(w t ) - w t sin(w t )] 58. (a) Acceleration is increasing

î + V [sin (wt) + wt cos (wt)] ĵ (b) 1 m/s2

(a) v0e2pn
59. (
∆r = − yiˆ + xjˆ dθ )
(b) V = 2a0x 60. (a) 8.5 s
(b) 2.41 m
3 u , zero
61. t = (2 – 2)t0 ; x = ( 2 – 1)x0
3
rad 62. 2.2 hr ; 90.9 km/hr
8
2 m/s 63. 66 m
1.59 s 3
64. θ = tan −1  
52. (a) t0 = 32 s ; 2
3
15 3 65. (a) 48 m, 68.5 m
(b) < VA > = < VB > = m/s
8π
53. Both are true x(m)
(b)
60 s
55. (a) Harshit
x
60.5
(b)
B D 52.5
HA
KS
IT
SH

AN
R

AK
HA

C
t(m)
O 5.5 7.5

A
3v02
t 66.
O tH tH tA 4L
2
 Kinematics 2.27

67. v
73.
s (m)

10 m/s

t(s)

s (m)
5

t(s)
O 1 2 3 4

68. (i) v10 = v20 = 4m/s 5

(ii) Both will take same time t(s)

O
69. (a) 90 m
(b) V Ak0v02
−1  3 
4
t (s) 75. (a) α = tan  
4
1
(b) θ = tan
−1

–30 2
(c) The ball will hit at a point lower than the earlier
(c) V (m/s) spot.
O 4 76. (i) n = 84°
t
u
(ii)
g
77. (a) 80 m
– 45
(b) 1.6 × 10–3
70. (a) 2.5 s
78. (a) q = 60°
(b) y (In meter)
(b) 3u
79. 20 2 m
6.25
80. (a) 11.25 m
5.5
8
1.5 (b) tan −1  
t
5
O 2.0 2.5
81. (a) L = 14.58 m
2u (b) OB = 41.66 m
71. (a) t0 =
α 82. (a) 5 m

(2 ) (b) 480 m
3/ 2

(b)
3α 1/ 2 u = 7.29 m/s, t = 1 s.

h
84. (a)
(c) g

72. (a) 2 (b) u = 21gR

(b) zero
 2.28 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

85. (a) No 3
(b) rad / sec
(b) Q 2
2
101. (a) R = 2 2u
g
u2
(b) h
O V 2g
p
86. (40iˆ + 158.9 ˆj - 8.9kˆ ) 102.
3
m

87. (a) q = tan–1 (2) 2v

103. (a)
(b) 60 5 kmhr –1 3
3 (b) 4w2R
88. (a) hr
4 2 ( v1 + v2 ) t
2
dy 2v12 t
(b) 4.5 km 104. v = = +
dt L2 + v12 t 2 L2 + ( v1 + v2 ) t 2
2

89. (a) 45°

(b) 2 m/s 10
105. m/s
3
u sin 2a
2

90. (a)
g cos q 1
106. (a) t0 = s
4 2
u cos(a + q )
(b)
cos q Ê 1 ˆ
91. (b) (b) Á 1 - ˜m
Ë 2¯
92. (a) yes, 2 s 107. V/2
(b) zero 108. 10 sin 15°
(c) straight line 109. Bead 2
73 110. (a) 80 kmhr –1
93. V0
3 (b) 17 kml –1
x1 v + u
94. = 1 2
aT
x2 v − u 111. (a)
4
95. (a) Corner C
(b) yes,
1 2
(b) u aT
3
96. (a) particle 1
112. (a) 2
(b) Particle 2 and 5
(b) particle 1 will cover 2x0 in lesser time. Both will
(c) particle 3 and 4 ; 50.94 m cross 2x0 with same speed.
97. (a) u = 8 m/s, (c) v = (2 + 2) a0x0
(b) 18.75 m uv
113. (a)
200 L
98. (a) dmin
3 vL
(b) t0 = 2
(b) 25 m v − u2
99. (a) w = 4 rad/s (c) Zero
(b) w = 4 rad/s (d) The path will be like a spiral
100. (a) 1600 m 114. (b) Body travelling along a line making an angle
 Kinematics 2.29

with vertical 3g 2

  (b) X 0
2u.g 16 k
115. (a) t = −  2
g 3 3g
(c) T
2 2k
  
  g u . g
(b) Vav = u −
( ) 132. (a) 2v
 2 (b) path is as shown
g

16
116. (a)
25
(b) 2g
117. 40 5 m 133. (a) 40 m
118. (a) 2.5 s (b) 24.3° or 65.7°
(b) 4.05 m
134. 21.2 m2
119. (a) l2 > l1
g (t12 − t22 )
(b) 72 h sin a 135. (a) h =
8
3
120. (a) km g
5 (b) u = 2t12 − t22
2
(b) 8 min
121. (a) 15 m u2
136. (a) H max
(b) 15 m 2g
(c) parabolic u
(b)
V0 l g
122. 2u
137. (a) u0 = 37.5 m/s
123. A circle of same size shifted from the original circle
(b) t = 1.5 m/s
u2
by ∆ X = in the direction of wind. 138. (i) 3.38 m
2g
(ii) 2.5 m
124. 20 m/s
139. AB = 0.57 m
48
125. (a) km / hr 2
37 140. (a)
2
1 + 2
2 − 1 2
3
1
126. U min = − Mg  h + b − h 
2 2
1
2 (b) 2
2
128. q = 60°
uL
129. q = 45° 141. vmin =
d 2 + L2
130. Position: 40 cm up from starting position
()
VB = 45 cm/s ≠ 142. (a) t −
2 3v0 sin α 2v2
t + 20 = 0
g g
aB = 22.5 cm/s2 (≠) 1 8
(b) sin
9
g3 w0
131. (a) Vmax 18k
144.
3
 2.30 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

SOLUTIONS

1. The initial and final velocities are perpendicular to each other. (see figure).
vi v –vi v

vf
2v
2v

vf v

‘A’ must travel 20 km on bicycle & remaining 20 km on foot.

20 km 20 km 4 16
Time of travel t = −1
+ −1
= +4 = hr .
15 km hr 5 km hr 3 3
40 km –1
(a) Average speed Vav 7.5 km/hr
16
hr
3
(b) Time for with bicycle was unused
20 km 20 km
=
-
5 km hr -1 15 km hr -1
4 8
= 4- = = 2hr 40 min
3 3
3. (a) slope of X-t graph is not zero at x = 0. This means velocity is not zero.
(b) Magnitude of slope (= speed) is decreasing in the interval 0 to t1. This means particle is retarding. In the interval
t1 to t2 the magnitude of slope is increasing. This means it is accelerating.
(c) During 0 to t1 velocity is negative but acceleration is positive. From t1 to t2 velocity is positive and acceleration
is also positive. After this the velocity is positive but acceleration is negative.
4. (i) At indicated point E the slope is negative which means velocity is negative but the speed is decreasing. This
means acceleration is opposite to velocity, i.e., in positive direction.
(ii) At D and G velocity is positive (slope is positive) but the slope is decreasing. This means acceleration is
negative.
(iii) There is abrupt change in velocity at B and C which means the acceleration is large. This indicates that a large
force has acted on the particle.
(a) Vav = displacement
time
u+v
Also Vav = for uniformly accelerated motion
u+v 4
∴ =
2 2
u+v
= 2 m/s
2
Hence u cannot be greater than 4 m/s
u < 4 m/s
 Kinematics 2.31

(b) The speed of the particle decreases by a maximum of 4 m/s in 2 second.

∴ a max = 2 m/s2
6. (a)
v (m/s)

A
4
1
B
2

C t (s)
O 2 4

Separation will be maximum at t = 2 s when V1 = V2

Maximum separation = area (OABC) – area (OBC)
1 1
= ¥ 2 ¥ (2 + 4 ) - ¥ 2 ¥ 2 = 4 m
2 2

(b) Motion of both the particles is uniformly accelerated /retarded. Hence, X – t graph is parabolic
x

t
O 4

7. Hint: When the force (i.e., acceleration) is small the velocity time graph has a smaller slope. When force is maximum
the slope of the graph becomes maximum.
9. After t = 4 s, velocity of B becomes lesser than velocity of A and distance between the particles start decreasing.
Separation is maximum at t = 4 s
dmax = (XA at t = 4) – (XB at t = 4)
1 1
= × 4 × 10 − × 2 × 10 = 10
2 2
dv
V =a
dx
v x =10

∫ vdv =
0
∫
x =0
adx

v2
= area under the a – x graph
2
1
= × 8 × ( 8 + 10 ) = 72 ∴ = 12 m/s
2
Change in velocity = area under a-t graph
 2.32 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

For 0 < t < 4

1
v−u = × 4 × 10
2
v − 10 = 20
v = 30 m /s

In interval 4 to 8 sec, the velocity decreases by 20 m/s and becomes equal to initial velocity (10 m/s).
Also, slope of v-t graph gives acceleration. Hence slope of v-t graph is decreasing from t = 0 to t = 4 s. Afterwards,
the slope becomes negative with increasing magnitude.
v (m/s)

30

10

t
O 4 8

(a) Particle A has suffered a sudden change in its velocity at t = 1 s.

It shows that it experienced tremendous acceleration, i.e., a big force.
(b) In o < t < 1s both moved with a constant acceleration of a = –4 m/s2. For A the acceleration remains –4 m/s2 in
the interval 1 < t < 2 s
For B the acceleration in the later half was + 4 m/s2
x – t graph for constant acceleration motion is a parabola.
XB (m)
XA (m)

o 1 2
t (s)
o 1 2
t
-2

-2
-4

(a) The graph of v = t2 – 2t is a parabola with v = 0 at t = 0 and t = 2 s. The graph of v = – t2 + 6t – 8 is also a
parabola with v = 0 at t = 2 s and t = 4 s.

V2

1
o t (s)
2 3 4

-V1

Particle is said to be retarding when its speed is decreasing. It is retarding during intervals 1 < t < 2 s and
3<t<4s
 Kinematics 2.33

(b) V1 = 1 − 2 (1) = 1 m /s
2

V2 = – 32 + 6(3) – 8 = 1 m/s
Maximum speed = 1 m /s
(a) 1 Mega light year = 9.46 × 1021 m
H. (km) (s–1) (Mly–1) = 2.32 × 10–18 s–1
2.32 × 10−18
∴ = −1
= 21.95
103 × 9.46 × 1021 

(b) If r is instantaneous separation
V = Hr
dr
= Hr
dt
2r 0 t
dr
∫
r
r
= H ∫ dt
0

In ( 2 )
In ( 2 ) = Ht0 ⇒ t0 =
H
O
Downward journey
v2 y
v 2 = 2 gy or, y =
2g
H
graph of y vs v will be parabolic with v positive. v

Ball hits the ground with velocity

v0 = 2gH
v0
It rebounds with speed u - = gH
y
2
Upward journey
O

H–y
u

v2 = u2 – 2g (H – y)
v −u
y= +H
g

(with v negative)
graph is again a parabola
2.34 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced
y

H/2

V
–V0 O V0
2

In 3 s the helicopter rises, by h = 5 × 3 = 15 m. It means the ball is at a height of 15 m from its initial point of
projection after 3 s.
1
y = ut + a t 2
2
1
15 = V × 3 − × 10 × 32 ⇒ V = 20 m /s
2

5 m/s

End ‘A’ pass through point P at time t1 given by

1 2L
L= g t12 fi t1 = B
2 g

End ‘B’ pass through point P at time t2 given by

L
1
2L g t2 2
2
A
L
t2 2
g
L
Required interval t = t2 – t1

2L P
=  2 − 1
g  

 Kinematics 2.35

1 2
h= gt
2
1
∴ h1 = g1t 2 . ......(1)
2
1 2
∆ h1 = t ∆ g1 ......(2)
2
(2) ∏ (1)
∆h1 ∆g1
=
h1 g1
 g 
∴ h1 = ∆ h1  1 
 ∆ g1 
 
 1   ∆ g1 
 = (10−3 ) 
1 
h1 = ∆ h1    × 100 = 0.1
∆
 1
g  0. 001   g1 
 g 
 1 

= 1.0 m
(a) Hint: Eliminate t between the equations to get the trajectory equation
(b) Distance can be obtained if we know the speed.
dr
Velocity V = = ( 8t - 16 ) iˆ + ( 6t - 12 ) ˆj
dt

Speed v = (8t − 16 ) + ( 6t − 12 ) = 5(4 − t )

2 2

[since speed is positive don’t write it as 5 (t – 4)]

4

Distance = ∫ v dt = 40 m
0

22. The two projectiles attain the same height. It means

uy1 = uy2-
uy ux1 uy1 tan q1 tan q 2
Also ux = tan q \ =
ux 2 uy 2 tan q
=
tan q1
2
y

uy u

q
X
ux
uxu y
Range =
g
R1 u x1 tan θ 2
∴ = =
R2 u x 2 tan θ1
 2.36 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

y u H


x
A C B

4
u x = u cos 37° = 25 ×
= 20 m /s
5
3
u y = u sin 37° = 10 × = 15 m /s
5
Let the ball hit the roof at time ‘t’
1 2
H = uyt −
gt
2
1
10 = 15t − × 10t 2 ⇒ t 2 − 3t + 2 = 0
2
3 ± 9 − 8 3 ±1
⇒ t = = ⇒ t = 1s, 2s [2 s is unacceptable. Why?]
2 2
AC = (ux) (1s) = 20 m
After collision at P, vertical component of velocity is zero. Time of travel from P to B is given by
2H 2 × 10
t' = = = 2s
g 10

CB = uxt' = 20 2
AB = 20 + 20 2 = 20 (1+ 2) m

x
4°
15 m/s
y

1.6 m

M S
R 0.8m 2.78m

Time of flight of the ball

[Q 15 sin 4∞  0 ]
1 2 1
1.6 = (15 sin 4∞) t + gt or 1.6  ¥ 9.8 ¥ t 2
2 2
fi T = 0.57 s
Range R = (15 cos 4°) (T) ~ 15 × 0.57 [q cos 4° ~ 1]
= 8.55 m
 Kinematics 2.37

Time for which Sania runs t0 = 0.57 – 0.2 = 0.37 s

Distance run by Sania = 7.5 × 0.37 = 2.78 m.
(a) Distance between the two players
= 8.55 + 0.8 + 2.78 = 12.13 m
(b) Vx ~ 15 ; Vy ~ 9.8 × 0.57 = 5.6

\ V = Vx2 + Vy2 = 16 m /s

For the ball :

Time of flight, T =
2u y 2u sin θ 2 × 19.5 12
= = ×
g g 10 13
v (m/s)
5
Range, R = T .u x = 3.6 × 19.5 × = 27 m
15 v0
V – t Graph is as shown
V0 = at = 2.a
Displacement = area under the graph = 27 m
1
∴ V0 [3.6 + 1.6] = 27
2 0 3.6 t(s)
1
× 2a [5.2] = 27
2
a = 5.19 m /s 2

y N

E
O F X
12 m

The ball was hit at 0 and caught by the fielder at point M.

Fielder runs for 2.4 s
FM = 2.4 × 5 = 12 m
2.38 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

z vertical

u
uv


O uH M

Range of the projectile (the ball) = OM = 12 2 m. Time of flight of the projectile T = 2.4 + 0.6 = 3.0 s
uv
T
g

[uv = vertical component of initial velocity]

2uv
∴ 3.0 =
10
uv = 15 m/s
R = uH. T [uH= Horizontal component of initial velocity]
R 12 2
∴ uH = = = 4 2 m /s
T 3
Speed of projection

(4 2 )
2
u = u H 2 + uv 2 = + 152 16 m /s

Angle made by initial velocity with vertical

uH 4 2
tan θ = =
uv 15

Let u = velocity of projection

Let a1 & a2 be two possible angle of projection to get a given range.
Time of flight for two cases are
2u sin α1
T1 =
g
2u sin α 2
T2 =
g

1 2
Given
2 1
2u sin α1 g
∴ × =2
g 2u sin α 2

Þ sin a1 = 2 sin a2 .........(1)

p
But a1 = - a 2 [for same range]
2
 Kinematics 2.39

cos a2 = 2 sin a2
cot a2 = 2
u 2 sin 2α 2 2u 2 sin α 2 .cos α 2
Range R = =
g g
2u 2 1 2 4 u2
= . =
g 5 5 5 g
Rmax corresponds to a = 45°
u2
∴ Rmax =
g

4u 2 g 4
Ratio 5 g × u 2 = 5
=

u2
Maximum range of balls Rmax R
g
F

D R E

Circular region where

balls can land

From geometry < DCE = 120°

Boy is safe on the arc DFE, i.e, on two third of the circle.
2 4
Required length is .2π = π
3 3
Displacement in ground frame is simply the displacement of point A of the cardboard.
Distance travelled is speed multiplied by time.
50cm
Speed in reference frame of cardboard v = = 5cms −1
10s
Speed in ground frame while travelling from A to C
4
Vg = 22 + 52 + 2.2.5 cos θ where cos θ =
5
Vg = 45cms −1

Distance travelled when moving from A to C = 10 45 = 30 5 cm

While travelling back Vg = 22 + 52 + 2.2.5 cos(180 − θ ) = 13 cms −1

Distance travelled while returning = 10 13 cm

Total distance = 30 5 cm + 10 13 cm
 2.40 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

5 m/s

X
A 4 m/s B
10 m

Let us fix the origin of our coordinate system at the original position of A.
X axis is along AB and Y axis as shown.
At time t position of B relative to A is given by
  
rBA = rB − rA
= 10i + 5tj − 4ti = (10 − 4t )i + 5tj

Velocity of B relative to A is
   
VBA = VB − VA = 5 j − 4i

The two particles are closest to each other when

  40
rBA .VBA = 0 fi -4(10 - 4t ) + 5t ¥ 5 = 0 fi t = s.
41
Acceleration of particle w rt frame 1
   
a p = a p − a ……………(1)
Acceleration of particle w rt frame 2
    
a p = a p − a …………..(2)
(1)-(2)
           
a p1 - a p 2 = a2 - a1 fi a p1 - a p 2 = a2 - a1
 
1 £ a p1 - a p 2 £ 7

  
1 £ a2 - a1 £ 7.

33. (a)

Vr

Vc 

Front

The velocity of rain with respect to the car must make an angle a with the horizontal such that a < q
 Kinematics 2.41

Vr
tan a = £ tan q ................(1)
Vc

V rc
Vr

- Vc

fi Vr £ Vc tan q
Vmax = Vc tan q
= 20 × 0.75 = 12 km/hr
Vr
(b) From equation (1) Vc ≥
tanq
Vr
Vc min =
tan q
Vcmin


0° 90°

Let the speed of the car be u towards right. Velocity of train can be (u + 7) (") or (u – 7) (")
T

u+7
T

u–7

[Velocity of train can also be considered as (7 – u) (!). But (7 – u) (!) = (u – 7) (")]

+ ( + 7 ) or + ( − 7)
2 2 2 2
After the car turns, relative speed becomes

u2 + (u + 7) = 13
2
Solving

we get u = 5 m/s

u2 + (u - 7) = 13
2
solving

we get u = 12 m/s
 2.42 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

35.
B V2 = 25 m/s A
V1= 30 m/s

Let X = distance between the car at the instant first bullet is fired (say at time t = 0)
Speed of bullet, relative to ground is
Vb = u + V2 = 305 + 25 = 330 m/s
Velocity of bullet, relative to car A is
VbA = 330 – 30 = 300 m/s
\ Time when the first bullet hits the car A is
X X
t1 = = .......................(1)
VbA 300
Distance between the car when the last bullet is fired (at time t = T0 = 20 s) is
X1 = X + VAB T0 = X + 5 × 20 = X + 100
Time when the last bullet hits the car A is
X X
t2 = T0 + =
VbA 300
X + 100 .......................(2)
= 20 +
300
The interval t = t2 – t1
100
= 20 + = 23.33 sec.
30
36. In the reference frame attached to the chain, the ball appears to be moving up with a constant velocity ‘u’.
\ Required interval of time is
L
Dt =
u
     
VBA = VB - VA fi VBA + VA = VB 75°
VB A
vB vA VB
From the fig. =
sin 60∞ sin 75∞
45° 60°
sin 60∞ 0.866
v A = 900 = 900 ¥ = 807 kph. VA
sin 75∞ 0.966
With respect to the cart, ball follows a parabolic path. y
2
In this frame it has a constant acceleration of 4 m/s
A
in negative X direction.
Due to similarity with projectile motion we can write
2
4 m/ s
u2 sin 2q
Range = OA =
a
u sin 90∞
2 x
fi9= fi u = 6 m /s O
4
 Kinematics 2.43

(a) The boy will be able to catch the ball only if he sees the ball moving perpendicular to the incline (i.e., in y
direction)
The acceleration of the ball in the reference frame of the boy is g cos q in negative y direction.

q
os
gc

y
q

x
[The ball and the boy both have same acceleration (= g sin q) in the ground frame. Hence the boy does not see
any acceleration in the ball in this direction]
In boy’s frame if initial velocity of the ball is V then
2V 1
T= \ V = T .[Link] q
g cos q 2

(b) The velocity of tip of the barrel

wL = 2 2 m/s
Velocity of the shell wrt the body of the gun is vector sum of velocity relative to the exit point and the velocity
of the tip of the barrel. This is equal to

( ) + (2 2 )
2 2
2 2 = 4 m /s
In vertically upward direction.
Velocity relative to ground will be vector sum of this velocity and the recoil velocity of the gun. Resultant
velocity is -

42 + 42 = 4 2 m /s
In ground frame the ant must move perpendicular to the edge of the paper. Y component of its velocity
10 cm
Vy = = 2 cms -1
5s
y

Vy

A
x
Vx

X component of ant’s velocity in ground frame must be zero.

\ Vx = 2 cms–1
\ Speed of ant relative to the paper is
V = Vx 2 + Vy 2 = 22 + 22 = 2 2 cms-1
2.44 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

wB

wA

A B

Let the two particles be on a straight line passing through the centre after time t. In this time, A will be one complete
rotation ahead of B.
Ê 2p 2p ˆ Ê1 1 ˆ
w A t = 2p + w B t fi Á - ˜ t = 2p fi Á - ˜ t = 1
Ë TA TB ¯ Ë 8 11¯

wB

wA
0
240

O A B

A1

B1
88
t= min.
3
t 88
In this time, A has completed = 3
TA 8
11 2
= rotations = 3 + rotations.
3 3

B has completed + rotations.

The two particles meet on the line O A´B´

= +

= = -

= = + = ( )
Tangential acceleration = =
Path
x = sin t
y = cos t
x2 + y2 = 1
Path of the particle is a circle.
Time of travel for the bullet from one disc to the other
 Kinematics 2.45

H
t= \q = w t
V

w
q=w fi =
q
(a)

u0

u0

/3

=

Average acceleration

D = + - ( )
The two velocity to be added have same magnitude and angle between them is 120°

Vi
u0

0
60
u0
u0

-Vi V Vf

V = u0
p p
Time taken D = =

\ = = =
p p p

p
(b) The particle must rotate through an angle of for change in its velocity to be 4 m/s.
Distance travelled in 0.5 s is 2 m.
 2.46 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

p
R = 2.
3
6
R=
p
v2
a= = 8.37 m /s2
R y
45. At any time t, particle is at P and wr = v v
vx = – v sin wt 
90°
vy = v cos wt aC P
 t
(b) ay = – aC sin wt x

v2

=– sin wt
r
y

P
r
q
A X
O

At time ‘t’ particle is at point p such that
r = vt and q = wt
\ = È w + w ˘
Î ˚

(b) velocity = = È w + w ˘+ È- w w +w w ˘
Î ˚ Î ˚

= [ w -w w ] + [ w +w w ]
(c) Vx = 0
cos (wt) = wt sin (wt)

fi q=
q

(a) Given at = n ar

fi =

Or, = [s = arc length traversed by the particle = Rq]

È ˘
Or, = Í = ˙
Î ˚

Or, =

Integrating
 Kinematics 2.47

Ú = Ú [One complete rotation means s = 2pR]

\ = p = p

\ v = v0e2pn
(b) at = a0 cos q

È ˘
= Í q= ˙
Î ˚

Ú=
= Ú
=

=

Tangential acceleration at = 0.8 ms–2
Let Radial acceleration = ar
-
\ + = fi + = fi =

& w 2r  = 0.6 ..................(1)

at 0.8
Angular acceleration a = =
r r
Let angular displacement be q by the time angular speed increases from zero to w
w2 = 02 + 2 a q

w = q fiw = q fiq = = rad.

If the block moves by X when point A moves by XA then,

3X = XA [Because the length of the string is constant]

\ =

3Vblock = 6 Vblock = 2 m/s

Since length of the string from B to P is fixed, point P will also move with a velocity of 2 m/s (!)
 2.48 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

Length of the string = 12 + (12 sin 30° – 2). Final position has been shown in fig. below
B

16 m
4m

A
30° ut

(ut)2 = 162 – 42
252
\ t= = 1.59 s
10
(a) Speed of A and B
UA = 4.5 km/hr = 1.25 m/s
UB = 18 km/hr = 5 m/s
B will complete the circle in 8 sec. At that time A will travel through quarter of the circle.
In next t second let A travel through distance ‘s’. B will meet him if he travels a distance (10 + s) in interval
t

10 8
\ 5 t = 10 + 1.25 t fi Dt = = second 10m
3.75 3 B
8 10 B
S = 1.25 ¥ = m S
3 3
8 32
\ Both meet after, t0 = 8 + = sec
3 3 A
Meeting point is at a distance
10 40
10 + = m from the starting point
3 3
Displacement of both is same = OM
O " starting point, M " Meeting point

R 60°

120°
O

40
OM = R sin 60° × 2 [R = radius of circle = 2p ]
40 3
= . ¥2
2p 2
20 3
= m
p
 Kinematics 2.49

2 3
Average velocity for A; < VA > =
Ê 32 ˆ
p ¥Á ˜
Ë 3¯
15 3
= m /s (along OM)
8p
Average velocity for B; <VB > = <VA>
the equation of the straight line shown in the graph is
2
x = -1
v
dx
But v =
dt
2dt
\ x= -1 fi x dx = 2 dt - dx
dx
15 t 15

[225 - 9] = 2t - [15 - 3]
1
fi Ú x dx = 2 Ú dt - Ú dx fi
3 0 3
2
fi 108 + 12 = 2t fi t = 60 s

1 2
56. (a) x B = 40 +
at = 40 + 0.5t 2 (parabola)
2
xA = 9t (straight line)
m B
x

90

72

40
A

t (s)
O 8 10

The two cars are at same position if xB = xA

0.5 t2 + 40 = 9 t
Solving, t = 8 s, 10 s
Conclusion:
First the car A is moving at greater speed. At t = 8 sec (when VA = 9 m/s > VB = 8 m/s)
Car A overtakes car B. But soon B will overtake A as its speed keeps on increasing. This happens at t = 10 sec
(VB = 10 m/s, VA = 9 m/s). After this the two cars never meet as speed of B keeps on increasing.
(b) At t = 8 ; xA = xB = 72 m.
Car A keeps on taking lead till VA > VB
 2.50 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

After t = 9 sec, speed of B exceeds A and the two starts getting closer.
Lead is maximum at t = 9 s
DL = xA – xB (at t = 9)
= 9 × 9 – (0.5 × 92 + 40)
= 0.5 m
1 2
xB = aB t = t 2
2
xA = VA (t – 10) = 50 (t – 10)
A and B are at same location if
xB = xA
t2 = 50t – 500 \ t2 – 50t + 500 = 0
50 ± 2500 - 2000
t=
2
= 25 + 5 5
t1 = 25 – 5 5 [At this time A crossed ‘B’]
t2 = 25 + 5 5 [B is moving with increasing speed. This is the time when B overtakes A]
\ Interval for which A is ahead
t = t2 – t1 = 10 5 s
(b) x – t graph for B is a parabola.
x – t graph for A is a straight line.
x

t (s)
t1 t2

t

58.
dv
(a) a=v
dx
dv
Æ constant
dx
v Æ increasing
\ a Æ increasing
v0
(b) Slope of line APB = -
1
[v0 = velocity at P]
Let slope of tangent at P = m
 Kinematics 2.51

Ê v ˆ
m ¥ Á - 0 ˜ = -1
Ë 1¯
1
m=+
v0

Ê dv ˆ 1
ÁË ˜¯ =
dx P v0
Ê dv ˆ 1
\ a = vP Á ˜ = v0 . = 1 m /s
P Ë dx ¯ P v0

( )

. The change in position vector Dr has length rdq where r = x 2 + y2
y

rd q

q
d r

q
O x
 
Direction of Dr is perpendicular to
y

rd q
Dr

x

\ Dr = – rdq sin q î + rdq cos q ĵ
But r sin q = y and r cos q = x

\ Dr = - ydq iˆ + xdq ˆj

(a) t = time needed for rope to cross point O.

a = acceleration
L = length
1 2
L = 2 at ..........…(i)

1
( L - 1) = a (t - 2 )
2

2 ..........…(ii)

( L - 2 ) = 1 a (t - 5)2 ..........…(iii)
2
1 È2
(i)-(ii) 1 = a t - (t - 2 ) ˘
2
..........…(iv)
2 Î ˚
 2.52 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

1 È
(ii)-(iii) 1 = a (t - 2 ) - (t - 5) ˘ ..........…(v)
2 2

2 Î ˚

\ t2 – (t – 2)2 = (t – 2)2 – (t – 5)2

& 4t – 4 = 6t – 21 & 2t = 17
t = 8.5 s
1
From (iv) a ÈÎ8.52 - 6.52 ˘˚ = 1
2
1
a (15 ¥ 2 ) = 1
2
1
a= m /s 2
15
1 1 1
\ L = ¥ at 2 = ¥ ¥ 8.52
2 2 15
= 2.41 m
61. x co-ordinate of particle 1 at time ‘t’ is
Êx ˆ
x1 = x0 - Á 0 ˜ t = x0 - ut …..........(i)
Ë t0 ¯
[This is the equation of the straight line given in the question]
For particle 2-
u
Acceleration = - [Slope of v – t graph]
t0
x co-ordinate at time ‘t’ is-
1Ê uˆ 2
x2 = ut - t
2 ÁË t0 ˜¯ ….......... (ii)

Collision occurs when x1 = x2

1Ê uˆ Ê u ˆ
\ x0 - ut = ut - Á ˜ t 2 fi Á ˜ t 2 - 2ut + x0 = 0
2 Ë t0 ¯ Ë 2t0 ¯
2u
2u ± 4u 2 - x
t0 0 2u ± 4u2 - 2u2
\t = =
u u
t0 t0
= t0 ÈÎ2 ± 2 ˘˚

Since t cannot be larger than t0

t = (2 – 2)t0
Put this in (i) x1 = x0 – (2 – 2) ut0
= ( 2 – 1)x0
62. v – t graph for two trains has been shown.
Distance travelled by passenger train in
1 hr 48 min = 50 × 1.8 = 90 km
\ Area of PQR = 10 km
 Kinematics 2.53

v (Km/hr)
1
¥ 50 ¥ t0 = 10
2
2
t0 = = 0.4 hr M
5 Express train
from B to A
\ Total travel time = 2.2 hr = travel time for express
train from B to A
Area of OMR = 100 P
50

1 Passenger
¥ 2.2 ¥ v0 = 100 train from
2 A to B
100
v0 = = 90.9 km /hr Q R
t(hr)
1.1 O 1.8 2.2
t0
Area under ax vs t graph gives change in vx
È v0 ˘
vx = a0t0 + a0t0 = 2a0t0 = 2v0 ÍQ a0 = t ˙
Î ˚

Area under ay vs t graph = change in vy

1
\ vy - v0 = ¥ t0 ¥ a0 ¥ 4 = 2 a0 t0 = 2 v0
2
3v
\ vy = 3v0 \ tan q = 0
2 v0
Ê 3ˆ
q = tan -1 Á ˜
Ë 2¯

Let velocity after displacement ‘x’ be v.

(L–x)

V0
V

[k = a constant ]
dv
v = -k (L - x )
dx
v0 / 2 L

Ú v dv = - Ú k ( L - x ) dx
v0 0

1 Èv ˘
2
È 2 kL2 ˘ 3 2
Í - v 2
0˙
0
= - ÍkL - ˙ fi v0 = kL
2

2Î 4 ˚ Î 2 ˚ 4
3v02
Initial retardation = kL =
6L

= -

Ê - ˆ
= ÁË - ˜¯
 2.54 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

È ˘
= ( - - t
) Ít =
Î
˙
˚

(i) =

¥
= =

¥
= =

(ii) The body with smaller value of t will take lesser time.

For body 1 t = = =

For body 2 t = = =

Both will take same time.

69. (a) At the instant the nut gets detached from the rocket, its speed and height are
5
v = 0 + ¥ 8 = 10 m /s (≠)
4 Path of nut
1 5 10 m/s
h0 = 0 + ¥ ¥ 82 = 40 m
2 4
10 m/s
For motion of the nut
u = 10 m/s (-­is +ve)
h = – 40 m (. is –ve)
a = 10 m/s2

\ = +
h0 = 40m

- = ¥ - ¥ ¥

Solving, t = 4 s
Nut will hit the ground in next 4 s.
Further height gained by the rocket in 4 s is
1 5
h1 = 10 ¥ 4 + 2 ¥ 4 ¥ 4
2

= 40 + 10 = 50 m
Required height of the rocket = h0 + h1 = 90 m V (m/s)

(b) Velocity of nut in the reference frame of ground is v = 10 – 10 t 10

4
In frame of rocket O t(s)
1
Initial velocity u = 0
5 45
Acceleration a = 10 + = m /s2 (Ø)
4 4
v = 0 + at –30
 Kinematics 2.55

45
v = - t [– ve because acceleration is downward]
4

O t

– 45 (m/s)

70. The elevator moves up with constant acceleration, hence y – t graph must be a parabola.
Let y = kt2
at t = 2, y = 4
k=1 y = t2
dy
\ = 2 t = 4 m /s (at t = 2)
dt
d2 y
= 2.0 m /s2
dt 2
In the reference frame of the elevator the acceleration of bolt is 12 m/s2 and its initial velocity is zero. Time required
for a displacement of 1.5 m in this frame is
1
y= ¥ 12 ¥ t 2
2
1
1.5 = ¥ 12 ¥ t 2 fi t = 0.5 s
2
Bolt hits the floor at t = 2.5 s

In 0.5 second, the displacement of bolt (in reference frame of ground) is

1
Dyb = 4 ¥ 0.5 - ¥ 10 ¥ 0.52 = 0.75 m
2
The event as seen in reference frame of elevator and ground has been shown in figure.
R.F. of elevator

u=0

a = 12

1.5 m
 2.56 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

R.F. of ground

F1 F1
u=4
0.75 m

F F

Graph in R.F. of ground

y Co-ordinate
y (In meter)
y (In meter) of ceiling

y Co-ordinate
6.25 of bolt

5.5

1.5
t
O 2.0 2.5
y Co-ordinate
of floor

71. For upward motion

v = 0 t0

v x0
t

g
u

t=0

dv
= -a t
dt
0 t0

Ú dv = -a
u
Ú t dt
t =0

t02
u=a
2

2u
\ t0 = = time for upward motion
a
 Kinematics 2.57

Also, velocity at time ‘t’

v t

Ú dv = -a Ú t dv
u 0

t2
v = u -a
2
dx t2
\ = u -a
dt 2
x0 t0
a 2
t

Ú dx = u Ú dt -
0 0
2 Ú0
t dt ...............…(i)

a 3 2u a 2u 2u 2u 2u
x0 = ut0 - t0 = u - =
6 a 6 a a 3 a
Total time of flight
a 2
0 t t

From (i) Ú dx = uÚ dt -
0 0
2 Ú0
t dt

a 3
fi ut - t =0
6
6u
fit =
a t=0
2
73. At time t = 0, speed of first stone is
u1 = 0 + g × 1 = 10 m/s s0
and separation between the stones is
1 1
S0 = 0 + ¥ g ¥ 12 = 5 m
2
At time t u1

Speed of first stone is

v1 = 10 + gt = 10 + 10 t
Speed of second stone is
v2 = gt = 10 t
v = v1 – v2 = 10 = constant.
Displacement of first stone from top of the tower is
1
S1 = 5 + 10t +
¥ 10 ¥ t 2
2
= 5 + 10t + 5t
2

v s (m)

10 m/s

t(s) t(s)
O
 2.58 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

Displacement of second stone from top of the tower is

1 2
S2 =
gt = 5t 2
2
DS = S1 - S2 = 10t + 5
74. x = v0t

r = x iˆ + y ˆj


 dr dx dy ˆ
v= = iˆ + j
dt dt dt
i + Akv0 cos ( v0 tk ) ˆj = v0 iˆ + Akv0 cos ( v0 tk ) ˆj
dx ˆ
=
dt

dv
= − Ak 2 v02 sin ( v0 tk ) j = − Ak 2 v02 sin ( kx ) j
dt
π
at x =
2k ’

a = − Ak 2 v02 ˆj

The ball hits the incline at the same horizontal level from which it is projected. (first graph).
Time of flight
2u y
= 2.4 fi uy = 12 m /s [= v0 shown in 2nd graph]
g
vy = 12 – 10 t and x = uxt
10 x
Eliminating 't', vy = 12 -
ux
Slope of vy vs x graph
-10 2v
=- 0
ux 38.4
ux = 16 m/s
uy 12 3
(a) tana = = =
ux 16 4
h 19.2 1
(b) tan q = = =
x 38.4 2
(c) q < a
And q and a both are less than 45°. So by decreasing the angle of projection the horizontal range of an usual
projectile will decrease. Hence the ball will hit the incline at a lower point.
R
u2 sin 2q
76. (i) Range R =
g
B
The graph of R vs. q is as shown.
In the context of the question, the graph ranges from A to A
B to C.
C
Slope of the graph is maximum at C.
[graph is symmetrical about q = 45°, slope at q = 15° is
O
same as slope at 75°]. 0° 15° 45° 85° 90°
 Kinematics 2.59

DR
It means is maximum at C. Hence answer is q = 84°
Dq
Range will change by maximum amount when q is increased from 84° to 85°.
(ii) If we consider small cones of semi vertical angle Dq with apex at the sprinkler, each of the cone will receive
DR
same amount of water. This water spreads on smallest possible area on ground at position where is
minimum. This happens at q = 45°. Dq
u2
The required distance is R45∞ =
g
77. Minimum Angle of projection with horizontal is q = 90° – 1° = 89°
For this angle range will be maximum. (look at the graph in solution to previous problem)

u2 sin 2q (150)2 ¥ sin 178∞

Rmax = radius of circle (r) = = [Q sin (180 – q) = sin q]
g g
p
But ∞ = ¥ p radian. Hence, ∞@

¥ ¥p
\ = @ 80 m
¥

Probability that a bullet fired will fall on person’s head = = = 1.6 × 10–6
Probability that any of the fired bullets falls on head is
n = 1.6 × 10–6 × 1000 = 1.6 × 10–3
78. (a) For an observer falling down with an acceleration g, all the stones appear to move with constant velocities. The
velocity of 2 relative to 1 has magnitude equal to u. It means q = 60° (see fig)
u21 u2
u2
u
q = 60° u
1200
u1 u
-u 1

(b) Velocity of 3 relative to 2 will have magnitude

= + + ∞=

u2

120°

60°

- u2 u3

u32
 2.60 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

79. If the stone is thrown at an angle of q = 45°, its range is = = = . In this case the maximum height

( q)
=
attained by the stone will be . But a stone thrown at q > 45° can have a path as shown in path 2 in

the figure and thereby it can hit the bird sitting at a larger distance. Therefore, we need to calculate the maximum

possible x co-ordinate of the projectile for a given height h = 10 m. Trajectory equation is

y Path 2

Path 1

Ê ˆ
= q- ÁË ˜
q¯

Put y = 10 m, g = 10 m/s2 and u = 20 m/s

= q- q

= q- ( + q )
fi =( q) - - q
fi ( ) q -( ) q+ ( + )=
This is a quadratic equation in tanq. For tanq to be real we must have
(80x)2 – 4(x2) (800 + x2) > 0
fi - - ≥ fi ≥ fi ≥
\ =

80. The path of both the projectiles to the wall, if considered together, makes the complete path of either of the particles
in absence of the wall.
P

uy uy


A ux O ux B
 Kinematics 2.61

In absence of wall, the time of flight will be

4 2
T= + =3s
2 2
2u y
fi =3 fi uy = 15 m /s
g

uy2
152
(a) H max = =
= 11.25 m
2 g 2 ¥ 10
(b) x0 = Range of projectile in absence of wall
24
24 = ux T fi ux = =8m/s
3
P

vx

vy v

a
O

Particle projected from A, hits the wall normally, 2s after its projection. It means its velocity vector makes an
angle a to the vertical after 2 s.
vx ux 8
\ tan a = = =
vy uy - gt 15 - 10 ¥ 2
8
tan a =
5
81. (a) ux = 20 cos 53° = 12 m/s
uy = 20 sin 53° = 16 m/s

When the ball enters the pipe its velocity vector makes an angle of 37º with the horizontal.

A
vx
37°

h vy v

x
vy
tan 37∞ =
vx

3 vy
=
4 12
vy = 9 m/s
 2.62 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

vy2 = uy2 - 2 gh
92 = 162 – 2 × 10 × h & h = 8.75 m

h 8.75 ¥ 5
Now = sin 37∞ fi L = = 14.58 m
L 3
(b) Let the ball be at A at time 't'
vy = uy = gt
& –9 = 16 – 10.t & t = 2.5 s
x = ux.t = 12 × 2.5 = 30 m
4
OB = 30 + L cos 37° = 30 + 14.58 ¥ = 41.66 m
5
ux
(a) vy = uy + 2 gy
2 2
82. ...........…(i)
and vx = ux ...........…(ii) uy u

vy
tanq =
vx
As per question minimum value of q is 45°. vx
x
& ratio of minimum vy and maximum vx is tan 45° = 1 q
y
(vy)min = 2gy when uy = 0 v
vy
and(vx)max = u when stone is projected horizontally.
2 gy
\ =1
u
y=5m

(b)

A B

O P

The shell cannot land in the region OP.

Equation of trajectory for projectile = q- + q

For point B, x = 960 m and y = 0
¥ ¥
q¥ - q + =
¥ ¥

tan q = 3/4, 4/3

1
For tanq = 4/3, OP is smallest. Hence the trajectory equation is-
N
Ê ˆ
= - ÁË ˜¯
 Kinematics 2.63

For point P y = –960 m

- = -

Solving x = 1440 m
OP = x – 960 = 480 m
84. (a) As the vertical component of velocity does not change during collision, the time of flight is not affected by a
collision.

Time to touch the ground =

The total time of flight will be twice this time since the particle will bounce back to same height from which it
was thrown.
(b) The ball must strike the sphere normally (i.e., along radius) so that it can rebound back along the same path.
R/2 1 u
sin q = R = 2
q = 30°
The velocity of the ball at the instant of hitting the sphere is 7R
inclined at q to the horizontal. 2
vy
\ tanq =
vx
q
Ê 7R ˆ
2g Á ˜
1 Ë 2 ¯ v
= R
R
3 u 2

\ u = 21gR

(a) Hint: The velocity of rain relative to the bus has same vertical component in both cases.
Velocity of truck

V T = 0 i + 90 cos q j - 90 sin q k
ˆ ˆ ˆ
Where q = tan–1 (0.1)

V T = (89.6 ĵ – 8.94 k̂ ) km/hr
Velocity of police car

Q V p = – 80 sin 30° î – 80 cos 30° ĵ + 0 k̂
= – 40 î – 69.3 ĵ
Relative velocity
  
V TP = V T - V P
(
= 40 iˆ + (158.9) ˆj - 89 kˆ km /hr )
VA = 60 kph VB = 60 kph

VPA

VPB
VP
q 45°

–VA 60 kph 60 kph

–VB
 2.64 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

From the above relative velocity diagram

VPA = 120 kph
120
and tanq = =2
60
VP = 602 + 1202 = 60 5 kph
V = velocity of boat relative to water.
VA and VB = actual velocity of two boats.
From the condition given in the problem it follows that
VAy = VBy
& V cos q = V cos q ' C
& q = q'
Also, V sin q ' = u [Q VBx = 0] y
5 sin q ' = 3
sin q ' = 3/5 x
V VA V
Ê 3ˆ VB
q = q ’ = sin -1 Á ˜
Ë 5¯ q q'
4
\ VAy = VBy = V cos q = 5 ¥ = 4 km /hr A u u
5 L
3.0 km
time to cross the river t =
4.0 km /hr
3
= hr.
4
3
For A, VAx = V sin q + u = 5 ¥ + 3 = 6 km /hr
5
3
\ L = VAx t = 6 ¥ = 4.5 km
4
90.
(a) Let X direction be along the incline and Y direction be perpendicular to it.
u is the relative velocity of particle with respect to the box in x– direction.
x
uy is the relative velocity with respect to the box in y – direction

in 
gs

 sin Q
sin g
in u
gs u y= s
u co
u x=
P



Considering motion in Y direction relative to box
uy = + u sin a ; ay = – g cos q

= + fi = a - q¥

a
fi =
q
Considering motion in X direction relative to box
 Kinematics 2.65

ux = + u cos a; ax = 0
a a
= + fi = a¥ =
q q

(b) For the observer on ground, to see the horizontal displacement equal to zero, the horizontal velocity of the
particle (as observed from the ground) shall be zero.
a +q
=
q
92. (a) In reference frame of the stone, the path of the ball will be a straight line. This is because, relative acceleration
of the two objects will be g (.) – g (.) = 0
A

40 m/s

50 2

50 m

10 m / s

45°

50 m B

In reference frame attached to the stone, the ball travels a straight line path of length 50 2 m with a velocity of
50 m/s.
50 2
\ Time for collision t = = 2 sec
50
(b) Time of flight for stone
2 ¥ 10 ¥ sin 45∞
T= = 2 sec
10
\ The two objects collide just before hitting the ground.
(c) Straight line.
93. Take x axis along the incline and y direction perpendicular to it.

Vrm

V0

Velocity of rain relative to the man is perpendicular to the incline in this case (i.e., along the umbrella stick. This
keeps canopy perpendicular to the rainfall and provides maximum safety).
 2.66 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

  
V rm = V r - Vm
( )
= Vx iˆ + Vy ˆj - V0 iˆ = (Vx - V0 ) iˆ + Vy ˆj

Since V rm has no x component
\ Vx = V0

When the man is walking up, V rm is directed vertically downward.

( ) (
V rm = Vx iˆ + Vy ˆj - -V0 iˆ )
= V0 iˆ + Vy ˆj + V0 iˆ
= 2V0 iˆ + Vy ˆj
From diagram

Vrm

V0

x y
Vrm

2V0
tanq =
Vy
3 2V0 8V
= fi Vy = 0
4 Vy 3
73
\ Vr = Vx2 + Vy2 = V0
3
94. In the reference frame of the car, there is no wind (the air is still). In this frame the sound wave travels at speed
v and hill A travels to left at a speed u.

x2 x1

B A

u u

Sound has constant speed in this reference frame while approaching the hill A and after getting reflected from it.
x1
Time for sound to travel from car to hill A; t1 =
v+u
 Kinematics 2.67

x1
Time for sound to travel back from hill to car t1 =
v+u

\ Time after which echo is heard T1 = 2t1 = 2 x1 .

v+u
If sound reaches hill B in time t1' then x2 + ut1' = vt1'
x2
\ t1´ =
v-u
Same amount of time is needed for the sound to return back.
Time after which echo is heard
2 x2
T2 =
v-u
T1 = T2
x1 x
= 2
v+u v-u
x1 v + u
=
x2 v - u

95. In the reference frame of the wagon, the ball has an acceleration a in + y direction. After brakes are applied the ball
has same acceleration in –y direction.
y

C D

L
a

O a
L

x A
B
L

The Vy – t graph for the ball will be as shown. If the ball covers a displacement y in y direction in time 't' (when it is
at centre O) then it will again travel same distance y in next interval 't'. This is V y

evident from area under v – t graph. In x direction the ball keeps moving
uniformly. It means that it will take equal amount of time for the ball to cover
first and second half of displacements each equal to L.
Hence, without any calculation we can say that the ball will hit the corner C.
At that moment Vy = 0 and Vx = u
96. (a) Particle 1 will hit the ground first. Let it hit the ground after time t. O t 2t t

1
32 = (10 sin 37∞) t + ¥ g ¥ t2
2
32 = 6 t + 5 t 2 fi t = 2 s
(b) Relative acceleration of any two particles is zero.
Hence, particles with maximum initial relative speed will be at maximum separation. Particle 2 and 5 have
maximum relative speed
 2.68 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

U25 = 25 m/s
Separation between them at t = 2 s will be
25 × 2 = 50 m
(c) Particle 1, followed by 2 and 5 will land on ground. Time at which 2 and 5 land on ground is
2 ¥ 32
t2 = = 6.4 = 2.53 s
10
Time at which separation between 3 and 4 is to be calculated is t' = 2.33 + 0.3 = 2.83
[you can check that both 3 & 4 have time of flight greater than 2.83 s]
Relative velocity of 3 and 4 is

V34 = 62 + 172 = 18.0 m /s

\ Required separation = 2.83 × 18 = 50.94 m

P V
q

q
g sin q
g cos q g sin q
g

q
x
(a) If we fix our co-ordinate axes along the incline (x) and perpendicular to it (y), the acceleration of both objects
in x direction is same equal to ax = g sin q.
\ The two bodies will collide if the x component of their initial velocities is equal.
& u = v cos q
4
\ u = 10 ¥ = 8 m /s
5
(b) The time of flight of the projectile can be calculated by consideration of its motion in y direction.
1
O = (v sin q ) t - ( g cosq ) t 2
2
2v sin q 2 ¥ 10 ¥ 3 3
fit = = = sec
g cos q 10 ¥ 4 2
1
\ Distaance PQ = ut + ( g sin q ) t 2
2
2
3 1 3 Ê 3ˆ
=8¥
+ ¥ 10 ¥ ¥ Á ˜
2 2 5 Ë 2¯
= 18.75 m
98. Let the man travel a distance 'x' on road in order to reach 'P' in minimum time
 Kinematics 2.69

A V1 Q B
x (l - x)

V2

d 2 + (l - x )
2
x
t = v + v2 .....................(A)
1

Time to travel from A to P depends on x.

This time (t) is minimum when
dt
=0
dx
1 1 -x
fi + =0
v1 v2 d + ( - x )
2 2

v2 d
Solving, x=l±
v12 - v22

The positive sign in unacceptable as x cannot be larger than l

v2 d
\ x=l-
v12 - v22
v2 d
≥l
(a) If v12 - v22

v12 - v22 4 200

fid≥ = 50 ¥ = m
v2 3 3

In this case x is negative or zero.

But it makes no sense to have x < 0.
Hence, man will need to walk along straight line AP in order to cover the distance in minimum time.
v2 d
(b) \ If l > then x is positive.
v12 - v22

v2 d
x=l-
v12 - v22
100
3¥
= 50 - 3
5 - 32
2

= 50 - 25 = 25 m
Putting this in equation (A)
2
Ê 100 ˆ
˜ + (50 - 25)
2
ÁË
tmin = 25 + 3 ¯ 170
= s
5 3 9
 2.70 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

VB - VA w (g B - g A )
(a) w BA = = =w
99.
gB -g A (g B - g A )

gA

A
VA

VB
B
gA VA
(b) tanq = .
gB
q
wBA = (velocity of B wrt A perpendicular to AB) / AB gA A
VB cos q + VA sin q
w BA =
AB
gB gA gB
wg B . + wg A .
g A +gB
2 2
g A + g B2
2 q
= =w
g A2 + g B2 VB
B

The questions can be answered by simple observation as well. Imagine yourself as particle A. You can see that
particle B rotates around you and completes one revolution in the same time as you complete your rotation.
dr
= 0 , the velocity of the rocket is perpendicular to r.
100. (a) Since
dt
Ê dq ˆ p
v = w r = Á ˜ .r = 1.8 ¥ ¥ 4000
Ë dt ¯ 180
= 125.6 m /s
ar V

The radial acceleration of the rocket is

r g
v 2 (125.6 )
2

ar = = = 3.94 m /s2 q
r 4000
But the only acceleration that the rocket is having is g(­.)

r
h
q

\ g cosq = ar
9.8 cosq = 3.94
cosq = 0.4
Height h = r cosq = 4000 × 0.4 = 1600 m
 Kinematics 2.71

A u

Vx = u
B


Vy V

(a) Tangential and radial accelerations will be equal at a point where q = 45° [i.e. vx = vy]
g
at = ar =
2
Speed of stone at this point
v= 2u
v2 g 2 2 u2
\ = fiR= ...........…(i)
R 2 g
(b) If height of tower is less than AB, then R will always be less then value given by (i)
v = 0 + 2 gh
2
y
2

u2
= h = height AB for which vy becomes equal to u
2g
u2
\ h<
2g y

102. In the given co-ordinate system A

L L
x = cos q ; y = sin q
2 2
2
Ê Lˆ x C
\ x +y =Á ˜
2 2
Ë 2¯
L 2
That is, the centre C will move on a circle of radius = = 1.0 m y
y 2 2

x
O B
C

q 
x
O

The centre C will rotate through an angle q = 60° on the circle of radius 1.0 m.
2p R
\ Distance travelled S =
6
[ R = 1.0 m ]

p
= m
3
 2.72 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

103. (a) Let speed of point A be VA. Then VA

y
VA sin q = V [Q point is always on the rod]
V x
\ VA =
sinq q

At the instant given

O
d 1
cos q = =
R 2
3 2V
\ sin q = \ VA =
2 3
(b) See the figure.
It is clear from the geometry of the figure that
P

q f
O'
O R

f = 2q
df dq
\ =2
dt dt
dq
But = w = angular velocity of P figure about O'
dt
df
And = w 0 = angular velocity of P figure about O
dt
\ w0 = 2w
\ Angular velocity of P about O is constant.
\ Tangential acceleration at = 0
And, Radial (Centripetal) acceleration ar = w02R = 4w2R
\ Acceleration of P is 4w2R directed towards O.
The position at time t has been shown in figure. The shape of string has been shown by dotted lines.
Length of string between P and Q is
B'

P L A1
V2t A2
Q
B
V1t

A2'
A1'
M
 Kinematics 2.73

PA1' + A1'B' + B'A2' + A2'Q

= ÈÍ L2 + (v1t ) + L2 + ( v1 + v2 ) t 2 ˘˙ ¥ 2
2 2

Î ˚
Increase in length of string between PQ must be
equal to distance(y) through which M moves up
È 2 2 2 ˘
\ y = 2 ÍÎ L + v1 t + L + (v1 + v2 ) t ˙˚ - 4 L
2 2 2

Hence velocity of M is
2 (v1 + v2 ) t
2
dy 2v12 t
v= = +
dt L2 + v12 t 2 L2 + (v1 + v2 ) t 2
2

This is the required answer.

105. Wall AB of the wedge is vertical. For ball to remain in contact with the wedge the velocity component of the
ball perpendicular to the wall AB must be equal to velocity component of the wedge in horizontal direction (i.e.,
perpendicular to wall AB)
B

60°
10 A
m/
s
60°
30°

\ 10 cos 60° = V cos 30°

3
5=V
2
10
\V = m /s
3
106. (a) Length of the stick is fixed. Hence velocity component of end A along the length of the stick = velocity
component of end B along the length of the stick.
VA
\ VB cosq = VA sinq VA sinq

Initially, q is small (which means cosq is large and sinq is small).

Therefore, VB is smaller than VA. A
L
As q increases, VB will increase.
h VB cosq
when VA = VB
cosq = sinq & tanq = 1 q

& q = 45° C VB B

[Q L = 1 m ]
1
\ h = L sin 45∞ =
2
h 1
\ t0 = = s
VA 4 2

 2.74 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

1 Ê 1 ˆ
(b) BC = L cos 45∞ = \ Distance travelled by end B = Á 1 - ˜
2 Ë 2¯
107. 2 (x0 – x) + x = L = length of the rope

x0

dx0 dx dx0 1 Ê dx ˆ 1
\ 2 - =0 \ = = V
dt dt dt 2 ÁË dt ˜¯ 2

108.
A

 A'
C C'

Because length of string does not change

\ AR = RA' = 5 m
<ARC' = q = 30°
5m R
A
15°
15°

5m

C'

Distance travelled by A
= AC´ = [5 sin 15°] × 2 = 10 sin 15°
110. Equation of the line given in graph is

=- + ...................(1)

When car moves at constant speed V for

time t, it will cover a distance

= =- + ...................(2)
 Kinematics 2.75

Graph of X vs V is parabolic as shown X

–1
X is maximum for V = 80 km/hr [Q parabola is
symmetric curve and vertex will lie midway between
V = 10 and V = 150]
For V = 80, value of X is

=- ¥ + ¥
200

= = V
10 80 150
This is the maximum distance that the car can travel on a
tank full of petrol.

Maximum mileage =

= 17 km/l –1
. (a) To cover maximum possible distance, the train shall accelerate for half the time and retard for the remaining
half with both acceleration and retardation equal to a. V – t graph for the case is as shown.
V

0

q
O t
T T
2
q=

fi =

Distance travelled = area of the triangular graph

= ¥ ¥ =

You can plot the graph for any other case and show that it is not possible to cover a distance greater then
and also come to rest at t = T. For example –

(i) If train accelerates for > , it cannot be stopped at t = T

V

t
O T T
2

(ii) If train is accelerated for < , then moved with constant velocity and then braked, the distance will be less
 2.76 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

then
V

t
O T T
2

(b) Again Maximum distance is covered when train is allowed to travel with maximum acceleration for largest
amount of time
V

V0

a b
t
O 2T T
3

tan a = a ; tan b = 2a

\ = =

Distance = ¥ ¥ =

V
112. (a) ..................(1) G
= ( ) 1B
E
V1 A 2

..................(2) V2 D
=
O t1 c t2 F t
(b) V – t graph for motion of both particles is shown.
Obviously, particle 1 will cover 2X0 distance in lesser time.
Area OABCO = 2X0
Area ODEFO = 2X0
-
Area under a – x graph gives = where V = find speed; u = 0 = initial speed. For both 1 and 2 this

area is same for their displacement 2X0

Hence, both will cross 2X0 with same speed.
 Kinematics 2.77

(c) In above graph OAGD is a parallelogram. V is the common speed acquired at time t.
V
G
V
V2
A
V1 2 t1

V2
D

O t1 2 t1 t t

V = V1 + V2
È ˘
= + = ( + ) = ( + ) Í
ÍÎ
= ˙
˙˚

\ = ( + )
113. (a)
u t
R
u

Dq
L v

v v

V
V
C

In a small interval, the rat moves a distance u Dt. The direction of velocity of cat changes towards the rat, by an
D
angle Dq = [ DÆ ]
\ Change in velocity of cat has magnitude
uD
D = u Dq =
D u
=
D D
Acceleration is =
DÆ D
(b) Let the cat be at C' and the rat be at R' at any time t
u t
o X
R R'
X
u

y v

c'

c
 2.78 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

Relative velocity of approach is v – u cosq

\ Cat catches the rat at the instant when–

Ú - q = fi - Ú q = ...................(1)

Also =Ú q

=Ú q ...................(2)

From (1) and (2)

(c) Zero
(d) The path will be like a spiral
114. (a) The acceleration is largest along vertical direction (= g) and the body falling along this path will cover maximum
distance in any time t
P

= = ( )

Naturally P is the top point and PQ the diameter of any such circle.
Now consider a body moving at an angle q to the vertical. Distance travelled in time t will be

= q [Q acceleration along PR = g cos q]

= d cos q
It can be easily proved that d cos q is the length of cord of the circle with diameter d and P as top point; the cord
making an angle q with PQ.
Hence the point following any path lies on such a circle.
(b) Now we consider two possible paths
PQ0 (vertically down)
and – (PQ1 perpendicular to incline)
Acceleration along PQ0 is maximum (= g) but path involved is also large. Acceleration along PQ1, is less but
path involved is shortest. We assume that path of least time lies somewhere in between PQ0 and PQ1.
 Kinematics 2.79

Q1

Q0 P


The problem is solved easily by using the result proved in part (a). Bodies 2
starting from P at the same time and travelling in different directions,
always form a circle that grows with time and P as its top most point. O
After some time the circle with touch the inclined plane, with the plane 
tangential to the circle at the contact point Q’ (see fig). Thus, body
travelling along PQ’ reaches the incline plane before any other such body. Q'
a
It is easy to see that < =
a
\ Body travelling along line PQ' making an angle with vertical 
reaches the plane in least time.
115. (a) Displacement at time t is

= +

At the end of flight is perpendicular to

\ = fi ( ) + ( ) =

È ˘
fi = - ÍÎ
=
˙˚

This is time of flight.

(b) = = +

= +
Ê
Á-
ˆ
˜= -
( )
Á ˜
Ë ¯

116. In elastic collision, the horizontal velocity component will get inverted. There is no change in vertical motion of
the projectile (Q wall is smooth)
G E

h y

X
A
C O 4X0 F
3X0 X0
(a) In absence of wall, path of projectile would have been DEF. After collision, the path become DGC (mirror
 2.80 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

image of DEF, with wall as mirror)

2u y
Time of flight T =
g

Time of flight from O to D is = =

[Q Horizontal displacement is of the range of a usual projectile]

Ê ˆ
\ = - = - ÁË ˜¯

È ˘ È ˘
= Í - ˙= Í = ˙
Î ˚ ÎÍ ˚˙

\ =

D
(b) =
D
The y component of average acceleration is certainly –g
Change in X component of velocity is
DVx = – ux – ux = – 2ux
\ X Component of average acceleration is
È ˘
( ) =- =- Í = ˙
Î ˚
È ˘
=- Í = ∞= ˙
ÍÎ ˙˚
\ = + =

118. At P : ux = 20 sin 37° = 12 m/s

uy = 20 cos 37° = 16 m/s

Q
Vx
uy u=20 530
V
37° Vy
P uX
y
h
53° x
37°
O R

At Q :
Vx = ux = 12 m/s

¥
= ∞ fi = =
 Kinematics 2.81

Q
y

P’ H
y

h 53°
37°
o R
X1 15 X2

Time of flight = time interval in which the vertical velocity component charges from 16 m/s (-­) to 9 m/s (.)
Vy = uy – gt
& –9 = 16 – 10 t
& t = 2.5 s
Height of Q above P is

= -

= ¥ - ¥ ¥ =

Horizontal distance covered by the projectile from P to Q is

X = 12 × 2.5 = 30 m
X1 + X2 + 15 = 30
X1 + X2 = 15

+ =

+ ( + )=
Substituting the value of y and solving we get h = 4.05 m
119.
y

u
h

a a u

o
A
B
C  D
x

Speed of ball just before striking the incline, u = 2gh.

After first hit the velocity is u making an angle a with y axis.
ux = u sin a ; uy = u cos a
ax = g sin a ; ay = –g cos a
Time of flight from O to A is obtained by the fact that from O to A displacement in y direction is 0
 2.82 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

= a - a

\ =

Just after each impact, the y component of velocity remains uy = u cos a. Hence, time of flight between any two
impacts is same = T.
Required distance
= OD – OA
È ˘ È ˘
=Í ( )+ ( ) ˙-Í + ˙
Î ˚ Î ˚

= +

Substituting for ux, T and ax

AD = 72 h sin a
120. Let be velocity of an army person and be velocity of the terrorist. With respect to the terrorist, velocity of
an army person will be
= ( )
+ -

Represents (- )
… represent in various possible directions.
.. are relative velocities for various possible directions of . When AB gets tangential to the circle
shown, we get maximum value of angle a. This is the case for which an army person will get closest to the terrorist.
For this case

a= =
- Ê ˆ
Terrorist sees one army person walking along a direction a = ÁË ˜¯ south of East (with respect to himself) who
gets nearest to him.

= a

= ¥ =

A 7.5 kph -VT O W E


S
B1
Va
VaT 6 kph
B2
B
 Kinematics 2.83

A


3
km
5
1 km
C


dmin
4
T  km
5
VaT

(b)
Time required

= =
-
=
121. In the reference frame of the wedge, initial velocity of the particle is
= +

Hence, the motion in this frame is that of a usual projectile

y
M
45°
20m/s Vx x

Vy

B 45°
A
10m/s E

This projectile hits the wedge normally, means its velocity at the instant of hit is inclined at 450 to the horizontal.

\ ∞=

10 = 10 t – 20
È = - ˘
\ 10 = 3 sec Í ˙
ÎÍ ˚˙
Height of projectile at this instant

= ¥ - ¥ ¥ =

= ∞ fi = =

And AE = 10 × 3 = 30 m
 2.84 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

(a) AB = 30 – 15 = 15 m
(b)

B will be 15 m to the left of A.
(c) Path is parabolic as shown above.
122.

For £
B A
15 m
= =

\ =

fi Ú = Ú
=

Ê ˆ
ÁË ˜¯ = fi =

Ê ˆ
For ≥ fi = ÁË - ˜¯
dy ul
\ =
dx 2V0 (l - y ) y
l
X
2V0 Ú (l - y ) dy = u l
x

l
Ú x0
dx
l
2
2

È V l˘
2
l V0 xo
= u l Íx - 0 ˙
4 Î 4u ˚ l
Vl 2
fi x= 0 X
2u           O

123.

The sprinkler wets a circle of radius R where R = maximum range of a projectile fired at speed u.

= = [ = ] ..........................(i)

When there is wind, the velocity of wind gets added to the velocity of the drops. This will not change the time of
flights because the vertical velocity component remains unaffected.
 Kinematics 2.85

Let the wind be along X direction. Due to wind there will be additional shift (DX) of each drop along X direction.

For the drop whose vertical velocity is (i.e., those drops which fall on the circumference of the circle shown
above)
Ê ˆ
D =Á
Ë ˜¯ ( )= [Using (1)]

The region which will get wet is again a circle of radius R, shifted from the original circle by DX = R/2 (see fig)
Wind

R2

O O'

125. (a) The situation has been shown in fig.
50 m
A B

300 m
u0 = 8 km/hr

y
v
vy x

vx M

Let n = velocity of boat relative to water

= -n +n
Resultant velocity component in x direction is
Vx = u0 – vx
Resultant velocity component in y direction is
Vy = vy È = ˘
Î ˚
Time taken to travel 300 m in Y direction is

=
n

To enter the harbour, drift along X direction must be between O and 50 m

\ 0 < (u0 – vx)t < 50
n
\ -n £ =

( n ) .................(a)
 2.86 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

And 0 < u0 – vx
& u0 > vx .................(b)
Now speed of motor boat is

n = n +n

But n + n ≥ n + ( -n ) .................(c)

[Q vy > 6(u0 – vx) from (a)]

Ê ˆ
fi n + n ≥ Án - ˜¯ +
Ë

\ n + n is minimum if n - =

fi n =

[This condition is consistent with (b)]

(
\ n +n ) =

\n = (n +n ) =

= ¥ =

(b) For vmin we have

\ n = n -n

Ê ˆ
= -Á ˜¯
Ë

Ê ˆ
= ÁË - ˜¯ =

\ If q is angle made by n with y direction.

n
q=
n
= ( )

126. Given <APB = 90°
It means that A, P and B lie on a semicircle with AB as diameter.
 Kinematics 2.87

b B

C
h
h/2
M
A
P4
P1
P3
P2
P0

= = +
The two strings will form a right angle if the block lies on any of the points P1, P2, P3, P4 etc. But the PE will be
minimum when the block is at the lowest point P0 (CP0 is vertical line through the centre)
È ˘
= - Í = ˙
Î ˚

=
+
- = ( + - )
\ =- = È + - ˘
Î ˚

127. Let the X and Y axes be as shown.

ax = – g sin a ; ay = – g cos a
ux = u cos (q – a) ; uy = u sin (q – a)
u
y
x

A
g sin  g cos 

O

If time of flight is T.

= +

= (q - a ) - a

q -a
\ =
a

Range along the incline = OA (= R say)

= +

q -a q -a q -a
= - a
a a
 2.88 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

q -a È a q -a ˘
= Í (q - a ) - ˙
a Î a ˚

q -a
= È (q - a ) a- q -a a ˘˚
a Î

q -a q
= …………..(1)
a
R will be maximum when =
q

fi
q
[ q -a q] =

fi q -a q- q q -a =
fi q -a =
p u
fi q -a =

a p
fiq = +

           
p a
In this case one can show that b = g = -
(b) From (1)
q -a q
= a
We want u2 to be minimum for a given R.
This is possible if sin (q – a). cos q is maximum, which is same as the condition in part (a).
Hence, least energy will be needed when the shell is fired exactly bisecting the angle between the vertical and the
incline.

128.

y Wind g
ax 
3

u g


x
R

The time of flight depends only on vertical component of velocity and acceleration.
q
\ = =

Horizontal range = +
 Kinematics 2.89

q Ê qˆ È ˘
fi = q◊ + ◊Á ˜¯ = Í q q+ q˙
Ë Î ˚

For R to be maximum =
q

fi- q+ q+ q q=

p p
fi q=- qfi q=- fi q= fiq =

129. From graph

uy = 10 m/s

vy becomes zero when =

\ Range = 20 m \ =

\ ux = 10 m/s \ q= = \ q = 45°
130. For A
V2 = u2 + 2as
(30)2 = 0 + 2 × a × 20 & a = 22.5 cm/s2
And V = u + at

30 = 0 + 22.5 × t & =

In time , block C descends by ¥ =

Now length of the string

XA + 2XC + XB = constant ….......(i)

\ DXA + 2DXC + DXB = 0 \ DXB = –[DXA + 2DXC]

= – [20 + 2 × 10] = –40 cm
& XB decreases by 40 cm. Hence, B goes up by 40 cm.
From (i)
È ˘
= -Í + ˙ …........ (ii)
Î ˚
= – [30 + 2 × 7.5] = – 45.0 cm/s
–ve sign indicates XB decreases with time, i.e., B moves up.
Differentiating (ii) once more

=- +
 2.90 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

= =- + =-

Negative sign once again indicates upward acceleration.

131. Initially, acceleration is positive. It becomes zero at time =

At this time velocity of the rocket is maximum.
For t > t1 the acceleration becomes negative (i.e., downwards) and the rocket retards. Finally, it stops at B (at t = t2).
Thereafter it falls back.

= - [for interval 0 <t < t0]             

x
    
B
t  t2

v0

A x0
t = t1

t=0
O

= -

Ú = Ú - Ú

= - ............…(i)

If v becomes zero at time t

= -

È ˘
fi Í - ˙= fi =
Î ˚

And = = =

Actually, much before t0 the acceleration of the rocket has turned negative [at time t1 it becomes zero and thereafter
it becomes negative]. Velocity decreases after t1 and becomes zero at t0.
(a) Maximum velocity during up journey is
È ˘
= = - Í = = ˙
ÎÍ ˚˙
 Kinematics 2.91

= ◊ - ◊

= =

(b) From (i)

= -

= -

Ú = Ú - Ú
= -

È ˘
= Í - ˙
Î ˚
È ˘
= Í - ˙
Î ˚

=

(c) Time to fall down from height x0 (acceleration being g downward) will be given by

= fi =

Total time of flight = + = +

132. (a) The path of the ball as observed by the observer outside the room has been shown in the figure.
The time t0 can be calculated easily in the reference frame of the room.
v

=

Displacement of room in this interval

= ◊ =

 2.92 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

Distance travelled by the ball in reference frame outside the room is

= ¥ + =

\ Average speed = = =

(b) The speed of ball remains constant in y direction but it increases continuously in x direction.
The path will be as shown.
Wall B

x
Wall A Wall A

Sol.132 (b)
133. (a) The figure shows the top view of the situation. A will throw the ball so that it passes tangentially (just missing)
to the building.
The ball can fall on line AX at different locations for different angles of projection.
Boy at B will have to move a minimum distance if the ball lands at C such that BC ^ AX.

10 m 40 m

A
B

D
d min

In similar, triangles
DAOD and DABC

= [R = 8 m]

\ dmin = 40 m

(b) Now AC2 = AB2 – BC2

= 502 – 402
\ AC = 30 m
Therefore, the horizontal range of the projected ball must be 30 m.
Note that the ball moves in a vertical plane passing through the line AX.
 Kinematics 2.93

q ¥ q
= \ =

- Ê ˆ
fi q= \ q= ÁË ˜¯

2q = 48.6° or 131.4°
\q = 24.3° or 65.7°
134. A water drop leaves the rim at a horizontal velocity v = wr.


¥
Time of flight = = =

Horizontal range of drops

R = vT = wr × 0.6
For w = 5 rad s –1
R1 = 5 × 0.5 × 0.6 = 1.5 m
For w = 10 rad s –1
R2 = 10 × 0.5 × 0.6 = 3.0 m
Locus of drops when w = 5 rad s –1 will be circle of radius

= + = +
=
Similarly, locus of drops when w = 10 rad s–1 will be a circle of radius.

= + = +
=


rim

r x

v Top view

 2.94 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

Hence, area of the floor that is wet is

=p ( - )
= 3.14 [9.25 – 2.5]
= 21.2 m2
135.

VB

h
VA

(a) = fi =

= fi =

\ = - fi - =

-
\ =
(b) Now = -
\ = +

= + -

= ( - )
= -
136. In reference frame of the ground
Initial velocity of the ant = u (-­)
Acceleration of the ant = g (.)

(a) \ =

(b) =
 Kinematics 2.95

137. (a)
y
v2
u2

 u
x

v1

After time 't' the velocity of two balls will become
= - = -
= q + q-
Ê ˆ Ê ˆ
=Á ˜¯ + ÁË - ˜¯
Ë
For the two velocities to be perpendicular, ◊ =
Ê ˆ
\ ◊ - ÁË - ˜¯ =

& 3u2 – t (4u2 – 50t) = 0

& 50t2 – (4u2)t + 3u2 = 0 ........(i)

For this quadratic equation to have real solutions
D>0
(4u2)2 – 4 × 50 × 3u2 > 0
75
fi u2 ≥ m /s
2
75
\ u0 = = 37.5 m /s
2
Solution of equation (i) [when D = 0] is
4u2 4 ¥ 75
t = 2 ¥ 50 = 100 ¥ 2 = 1.5 s

138. (i) When a is directed horizontally along BC, the particle will hit the wedge at same height. In ground frame path
of the particle will be a straight line. In reference frame attached the wedge, the particle will have a horizontal
acceleration along CB equal to a = 4 m/s2 : apart from its vertical acceleration g (.).

O P 37

a
 2.96 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

2u
Time of flight; T= = 1.3 s
g
1 1
OP = aT 2 = ¥ 4 ¥ 1.32 = 3.38 m
2 2
(ii) In this case the particle will hit the incline at a height above its point of projection.
Let the particle strike the surface at a height H above its point of projection.

37
O A

Two points (O & Q for example) separated by height H (and lying on the line of greatest slope) are separated
horizontally by
4
x = H cot 37∞ = 3 H

Q'
x
Q
H
O'
O

O and Q are two points on the wedge along the line of greatest slope. Particle is projected from O. The particle
lands back at point Q which has moved a distance X (to position Q') by that time.
1 2 3 3 2
\ X= at = 2t 2 \ H = 4 x = 2 t
2
For vertical motion of the particle from O to the top and then back to Q' we can write
1 2
H = ut - gt
2
3 2
fi t = 6.5t - 5t 2 fi 6.5t = 6.5 fi t = 1.0 s
2
\ x = 2t2 = 2.0 m
H = 1.5 t2 = 1.5 m
\ OQ = x 2 + H 2 = 4 + 1.52 = 2.5 m ( )
139. We will study the motion of the insect in the reference frame of the truck.
x
x
y u y

a
37 v0
A

g
37 37
 Kinematics 2.97

Initial velocity of the insect in this reference frame will be vector sum of two velocities
u = 2.64 m/s (-) and v0 = 0.77 m/s (")
We will take x and y direction as shown.
Components of initial velocity
ux = 2.64 sin 37° + 0.77 cos 37°
3 4 7.92 + 3.08
= 2.64 ¥ + 0.77 ¥ =
5 5 5
11
= m / s = 2.2 m / s
5
uy = 2.64 cos 37° – 0.77 sin 37°
4 3 10.56 - 2.31
= 2.64 ¥ - 0.77 ¥ =
5 5 5
8.25
= m / s = 1.65 m / s
5
Components of acceleration
Ê 3 4ˆ
a x = - ( g sin 37∞ - a cos 37∞) = - Á 10 ¥ - 5 ¥ ˜ = -2 m / s2
Ë 5 5¯
Ê 4 3ˆ
a y = - ( g cos 37∞ - a sin 37∞) = - Á 10 ¥ + 5 ¥ ˜ = -11 m / s2
Ë 5 5¯

Consider motion in direction

1
y = uy t + a y t 2
2
To get time of flight put y = 0
1 1.65 ¥ 2
1.65t -¥ 11 ¥ t 2 = 0 fi t = = 0.3 s
2 11
Now consider motion in x direction
1
AB = ux t + a x t 2
2
1
= 2.2 ¥ 0.3 - ¥ 2 ¥ 0.32
2
= 0.66 - 0.09 = 0.57 m

140. Let the velocity of the block be v in a direction making an angle q with the direction of v1.
v1


v
60 

v2
 2.98 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

For a string to be taut, the objects at the two ends must have same velocity component along the length of the string.
\ v cos q = v1 .............(1)
v cos (60 – q) = v2
È1 3 ˘
fi v Í cos q + sin q ˙ = v2
ÍÎ 2 2 ˙˚
v1 v 2 - v12
using (1) cos q = and sinq =
v v
È1 v 3 v - v1 ˘
2 2

\ vÍ 1 + . ˙ = v2
ÍÎ 2 v 2 v ˙˚

v1 + 3 v 2 - v12 = 2 v2
( )
3 v 2 - v12 = 4v22 + v12 - 4v1v2
fi 3v = 4v + 4v12 - 4v1v2
2 2
2

2 .............(2)
\v = v12 + v22 - v1v2
3
(b) For q = 0°
v = v1 [from (1)]
Putting into (2) we get
2
v1 = v12 + v22 - v1v2
3
3v12
= v12 + v22 - v1v2
4
fi ( v1 - 2 v2 ) = 0
2
fi v12 - 4v1v2 + 4v22 = 0
v
fi v1 = 2 v2 fi 1 =2
v2

141. Let the insect move with speed v along the direction shown in the figure.
D C

u
B L
V


A
L
Time to cross is t =
v cosq
sin q
DC = v sin q .t = L = L tan q.
cos q
The block will just miss the insect if distance travelled by the block in time t is just less than d + DC

[= d + L tan q ]
L
fi u.t = d + L tan q fi u.
v cos q
uL
fi v=
d cos q + L sin q
The maximum value of d cos q + L sin q is d 2 - L2
 Kinematics 2.99

uL
\ vmin =
d 2 + L2
g
142. x = v0t cos a, y = v0t sin a – 2 t2,
vx = v0 cosa, vy = v0 sin a – gt
The stone is at the greatest distance from the origin when
its velocity is perpendicular to its position vector.
The condition for this is that the dot product of velocity vector and position
vector is zero.
y vx
=
x vy ,
This yields a quadratic equation for time t at which this happens;
3v0 sina 2v2
t2 - t + 20 = 0
g g
If this is not to happen, the discriminant of this equation must be negative i.e.,
Ê 2v02 ˆ
2
Ê 3v0 sin a ˆ
ÁË ˜¯ < 4 ÁË g 2 ˜¯ .
g

Thus, for the stone to the permanently moving away from the thrower, we must have sin a < 8 / 9 = 0.94. i.e.,
a < 70.5°.

143. Method 1 : Trajectory equation

1 gx 2
y = x tan q -
2 u2 cos2 q
gx 2
y = x tan q - 2 1 + tan 2 q
2u
( )
Ê gx ˆ 2
2
Ê gx 2 ˆ
ÁË 2u2 ˜¯ tan q - x tan q + ÁË y + =0
2u2 ˜¯

Putting x = d & y = h
(gd ) tan
2

q - 2
d tan q +
Ê
h +
gd 2 ˆ
=0
2u 2 ÁË 2u2 ˜¯
If projectile clears the pole then roots of above equation must be real i.e. D > 0
Ê gd 2 ˆ Ê gd 2 ˆ
d2 - 4 Á 2 ˜ Á h + 2 ˜ ≥ 0
Ë 2u ¯ Ë 2u ¯
Ê g ˆ Ê 2u h + gd ˆ
2 2
1- Á 2 ˜ Á ˜¯ ≥ 0
Ëu ¯Ë u 2

u4 – (2gh) u2 – g2d2 > 0 ………….(i)

4 2 2 2
Let, u – (2gh) u – g d = 0

2 gh + 4 g 2 h 2 + 4 g 2 d 2
u0 2 =
2
u0 = g h + h + d 2 ˘
2 È 2
Î ˚
2.100 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

If u2 > u02 then expression (i) is greater than or equal to zero.

i.e. if u2 > g ÈÎh + h + d ˘˚

2 2

then projectile will clear the pole.

Method 2 :
h
sin a =
h + d2
2

Maximum range of projectile on inclined plane is

u2
(
Rmax = g 1 + sina
)
If Rmax > h 2 + d 2 ; then projectile will clear the pole
u2
≥ h2 + d 2
g (1 + sina )

u 2 = g Èh + h 2 + d 2 ˘
Î ˚
Total angular displacement (q)
144. Mean (average) angular velocity =
Total time taken ( T )
dw
Given = - k w [where k is a constant and – ve sign corresponds to retardation]
dt
w
dw
t

\ Ú = - Ú kdt
w0 w 0

kt
fi w0 - w = +
2
2
Ê kt ˆ
fi w = Á w0 - ˜
Ë 2¯

[Particle stops]
kt
\ w = 0 ; when w 0 - =0
2
2 w0
\ T=
k
2
Ê kt ˆ
Now w = Á w 0 - ˜
Ë 2¯
dq Ê
2
kt ˆ
\ = Á w0 - ˜
dt Ë 2¯
q 2
Ê kt ˆ
T

Ú0 dq = Ú0 ÁË w 0 - 2 ˜¯ dt
[q = angular displacement when particle stops, i.e., t = T]
 Kinematics 2.101

T
ÈÈ kt ˘ ˘
3
Í Í w0 - ˙ ˙
Î 2˚ ˙
\q = Í ˙
Í 3k
Í - ˙
ÍÎ 2 ˙˚ 0
È 2 w0 ˘
2 È
( ) -( ) ˘˙˚
3 3
=- w0 - w0 w0 ÍQT = ˙
3k ÍÎ ÍÎ k ˙˚
2 3/ 2
= w0
3k
q w0
\ <w > = =
T 3
 03 NEWTON’S LAWS

Level 1 of F = 40 N is applied to the block A (see figure).

Find the contact force between block D and the
  front vertical wall of the cart.
Q. 1. Let u be the initial velocity of a particle and F be
A
the resultant force acting on it. Describe the path B
C
that the particle can take if F D
  
(a) u ¥ F = 0 and F = constant
  
(b) u.F = 0 and F = constant
In which case can the particle retrace its path.
Q. 2. A ball is projected vertically up from the floor of Q. 6. (i) Three blocks A, B and C are placed in an
a room. The ball experiences air resistance that ideal Atwood machine as shown in the
is proportional to speed of the ball. Just before figure. When the system is allowed to move
hitting the ceiling the speed of the ball is 10 m/s freely it was found that tension in the string
and its retardation is 2g. The ball rebounds from connecting A to C was more than thrice the
the ceiling without any loss of speed and falls on tension in the string connecting A and B. The
the floor 2s after making impact with the ceiling. masses of the three blocks A, B and C are m1,
How high is the ceiling? Take g = 10 m/s2. m2 and m3, respectively. State whether the
Q. 3. A small body of super dense material, whose following statements are true or false [All
mass is half the mass of the earth (but whose size masses have finite non zero values and the
is very small compared to the size of the earth), system has a non zero acceleration].
starts from rest at a height H above the earth’s
surface, and reaches the earth’s surface in time
t. Calculate time t assuming that H is very small
compared to the radius of the earth. Acceleration
due to gravity near the surface of the earth is g.
Q. 4. N identical carts are connected to each other using
strings of negligible mass. A pulling force F is m1 A C m3
applied on the first cart and the system moves
without friction along the horizontal ground. The
tension in the string connecting 4th and 5th cart is m2 B
twice the tension in the string connecting 8th and
(a) m3 can have any finite value
9th cart. Find the total number of carts (N) and
tension in the last string. (b) m1 > 2m2
N N–1 2 1 F (ii) In an Atwood machine the sum of two masses
is a constant. If the string can sustain a
Q. 5. A toy cart has mass of 4 kg and is kept on a smooth Ê 24 ˆ
tension equal to Á ˜ of the weight of the
horizontal surface. Four blocks A, B, C and D Ë 30 ¯
of masses 2 kg, 2 kg, 1 kg and 1 kg respectively sum of two masses, find the least acceleration
have been placed on the cart. A horizontal force of the masses. The string and pulley are light.
 3.2 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

(iii) A load of w newton is to be raised vertically over the smooth pulley and two masses m and M
through a height h using a light rope. The (> m) are connected to its ends (see figure). Find
greatest tension that the rope can bear is the reading of the scale when the two masses are
hw  (h > 1). Calculate the least time of ascent left free to move.
if it is required that the load starts from rest
M0
and must come to rest when it reaches a
height h.
Q. 7. In the arrangement shown in the figure the system
is in equilibrium. Mass of the block A is M and that m M
of the insect clinging to block B is m. Pulley and Stand
string are light. The insect loses contact with the
block B and begins to fall. After how much time
the insect and the block B will have a separation
L between them.
Q. 10. In the given arrangement, all strings and pulleys
are light. When the system was released it was
observed that M and m0 do not move. Find the
masses M and m0 in terms of m1 and m2. Find the
acceleration of all the masses if string is cut just
above m2.

A B

Q. 8. Two blocks of equal mass, M each, are connected

M
to two ends of a massless string passing over a
massless pulley. On one side of the string there is
M m0
a bead of mass .
2

m1
m2

Q.11 The system shown in the fig. is in equilibrium.

Pulleys A and B have mass M each and the block
M C has mass 2M. The strings are light. There is an
2 insect (D) of mass M/2 sitting at the middle or the
right string. Insect does not move.
M
S1
M

(a) When the system is released from rest the A

bead continues to remain at rest while the two
E
blocks accelerate. Find the acceleration of the
blocks.
B
(b) Find the acceleration of the two blocks if it D
was observed that the bead was sliding down S2
with a constant velocity relative to the string.
Q. 9. A pulley is mounted on a stand which is placed
over a weighing scale. The combined mass of the
C
stand and the pulley is M0. A light string passes
 NeWton’s LaWs 3.3

(a) Just by inspection, say if the tension in the Q. 17. A ball of mass M is in equilibrium between a
string S1 is equal to, more than or less than vertical wall and the inclined surface of a wedge.
9/2 Mg. The inclination of the wedge is q = 45° and its
(b) Find tension in the string S2, and S1. mass is very small compared to that of the ball. The
coefficient of friction between the wedge and the
(c) Find tension in S2 if the insect flies and sits at
floor is m and there is no friction elsewhere. Find
point E on the string.
minimum value of m for which this equilibrium is
Q. 12. A block slides down a frictionless plane inclined possible.
at an angle q. For what value of angle q the
horizontal component of acceleration of the block
is maximum? Find this maximum horizontal
acceleration. M
Q. 13. A tall elevator is going up with an acceleration
of a = 4 m/s2. A 4 kg snake is climbing up the
vertical wall of the elevator with an acceleration
of a. A 50 g insect is riding on the back of the
q = 45°
snake and it is moving up relative to the snake
at an acceleration of a. Find the friction force
Q.18 A helicopter of mass M = 15000 kg is lifting a
between the elevator wall and the snake. Assume
cubical box of mass m = 2000 kg. The helicopter
that the snake remains straight.
is going up with an acceleration of a = 1.2 m/s2.
Q. 14. Due to air drag the falling bodies usually acquire The four strings are tied at mid points of the sides
a constant speed when the drag force becomes of the square face PQRS of the box. The strings
equal to weight. Two bodies, of identical shape, are identical and form a knot at K. Another string
experience air drag force proportional to square KH connects the knot to the helicopter. Neglect
of their speed (Fdrag = kv2, k is a constant). mass of all strings and take g = 10 m/s2. Length of
The mass ratio of two bodies is 1 : 4. Both are each string AK, BK, CK and DK is equal to side
simultaneously released from a large height and length of the cube.
very quickly acquire their terminal speeds. If
(a) Find tension T in string AK.
the lighter body reaches the ground in 25 s, find
the approximate time taken by the other body to (b) Find tension T0 in string KH.
reach the ground. (c) Find the force (F) applied by the atmosphere
Q. 15. A cylinder of mass M and radius r is suspended at on the helicopter. Assume that the atmosphere
the corner of a room. Length of the thread is twice exerts a negligible force on the box.
the radius of the cylinder. Find the tension in the (d) If the four strings are tied at P,Q,R and S
thread and normal force applied by each wall on instead of A, B, C & D, how will the quantities
the cylinder assuming the walls to be smooth. T, T0 and F change? Will they increase or
decrease? Assume that length of the four
Thread identical strings remains same.

H
K

Q. 16. A rod of mass M and length L lies on an incline

having inclination of q = 37°. The coefficient of A
P
D S
friction between the rod and the incline surface is C
Q R
m = 0.90. Find the tension at the mid point of the B

rod.
 3.4 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

Q. 19. A pendulum has a bob connected to a light wire.

Bob ‘A’ is in equilibrium in the position shown.
The string is horizontal and is connected to a M
block B resting on a rough surface. The block B is m
on verge of sliding when q = 60°.

q = 60° wire
Q. 23. A small body A starts sliding down from the top
of a wedge (see fig) whose base is equal to l .
B The coefficient of friction between the body and
A String
wedge surface is m = 1.0. At what value of angle q
will the time of sliding be least?
(a) Is equilibrium possible if q were 70°? A

(b) With q = 60°, calculate the ratio of tension

in the pendulum wire immediately after the
string is cut to the tension in the wire before
the string is cut.

Q. 20. Two blocks of equal mass have been placed on
two faces of a fixed wedge as shown in figure. The Q. 24. Three blocks A, B and C each of mass m are
blocks are released from position where centre of placed on a smooth horizontal table. There is no
one block is at a height h above the centre of the friction between the contact surfaces of the blocks
other block. Find the time after which the centre as well. Horizontal force F is applied on each of
of the two blocks will be at same horizontal level. A and B as shown. Find the ratio of normal force
There is no friction anywhere. applied by the table on the three blocks (i.e., RA :
mg
RB : RC). Take F =
2 3
h

F A C B F
RA RC RB
30° 30°
60° 30°
Q. 25. A U shaped container has uniform cross sectional
Q. 21. In the system shown in the figure, all surfaces are area S. It is suspended vertically with the help
smooth. Block A and B have mass m each and of a spring and two strings A and B as shown in
mass of block C is 2 m. All pulleys are massless the figure. The spring and strings are light. When
and fixed to block C. Strings are light and the force water (density = d ) is poured slowly into the
F applied at the free end of the string is horizontal. container it was observed that the level of water
Find the acceleration of all three blocks. remained unchanged with respect to the ground.
B Find the force constant of the spring.

A C Spring
F

A q q B
Q. 22. A particle of mass M rests on a rough inclined
Ê 4ˆ
plane at an angle q to the horizontal Á sinq = ˜ . It
Ë 5¯
is connected to another mass m as shown in fig.
The pulley and string are light. The largest value
of m for which equilibrium is possible is M. Find
the smallest value of m for which equilibrium is
possible.
 NeWton’s LaWs 3.5

Q. 26. A uniform light spring has unstretched length of you convince your friend?
3.0 m. One of its end is fixed to a wall. A particle In a typical situation, car without ABS needs
of mass m = 20 g is glued to the spring at a point 20 m as minimum stopping distance. Under
1.0 m away from its fixed end. The free end of the identical conditions, what minimum distance a
spring is pulled away from the wall at a constant car with ABS would need to stop? Coefficient of
speed of 5 cm/s. kinetic friction between tyre and road is 25% less
Assume that the spring remains horizontal (i.e., than the coefficient of static friction.
neglect gravity). Force constant of spring = 0.6 Q. 29. Starting from rest a car takes at least ‘t’ second to
N / cm. travel through a distance s on a flat concrete road.
(a) With what speed does the particle of mass m Find the minimum time that will be needed for
move? it to climb through a distance ‘s’ on an inclined
(b) Find the force applied by the external agent concrete road. Assume that the car starts from rest
pulling the spring at time 2.0 s after he started and inclination of road is q = 5° with horizontal.
pulling. Coefficient of friction between tyres and the
3.0 m concrete road is m = 1.
Q. 30. A table cloth of length L is lying on a table with
1.0 m
one of its end at the edge of the table. A block is
kept at the centre of the table cloth. A man pulls
m the end of the table cloth horizontally so as to take
5 cm / s
it off the table. The cloth is pulled at a constant
Q. 27. It was observed that a small block of mass m
speed V0. What can you say about the coefficient
remains in equilibrium at the centre of a vertical
of friction between the block and the cloth if the
square frame, which was accelerated. The block
block remains on the table (i.e., it does not fall off
is held by two identical light strings as shown.
the edge) as the cloth is pulled out.
[Both strings are along the diagonal]
L L
(a) Which of 1, 2, 3 & 4 is/are possible direction/s — —
2 2
of acceleration of the frame for block to
remain in equilibrium inside it?
(b) Find the acceleration of the frame for your
answers to question (a).
Q. 31. A block rests on a horizontal surface. A horizontal
force F is applied to the block. The acceleration
3
(a) produced in the block as a function of applied
2 1 force (F) has been plotted in a graph (see figure).
Find the mass of the block.
4 –2
a (ms )

Q.28 In an emergency situation while driving one 3

has tendency to jam the brakes, trying to stop
in shortest distance. With wheels locked, the car
slides and steering get useless. In ABS system the F (N)
O 6 18
electronic sensors keep varying the brake pressure
so as to keep the wheels rolling (without slipping) Q. 32. Repeat the last problem if the graph is as shown
while ensuring that the friction remains limiting. below.
Your friend has an old car with good brakes. He a (ms–2)
boasts saying that all the four wheels of his car 3
get firmly locked and stop rotation immediately
after the brakes are applied. You know that your
new car which has a computerized anti lock
F (N)
braking system (ABS) is much safer. How will O 6 18
 3.6 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

Q. 33. A solid block of mass m = 1 kg is resting on a C

horizontal platform as shown in figure. The z C
direction is vertically up. Coefficient of friction f
between the block and the platform is m = 0.2. The f
platform is moved
 with a time dependent velocity B
( )
given by V = 2tiˆ + tjˆ + 3tkˆ m/s . Calculate the B
magnitude of the force exerted by the block on the f
platform. Take g = 10 m/s2 D D
z
y
f
A

x (b) A particle is moving along an expanding

spiral (shown in fig) such that the normal
Q. 34. In the system shown in the figure, the string is force on the particle [i.e., component of force
light and coefficient of friction between the 10 kg perpendicular to the path of the particle]
block and the incline surface is m = 0.5. Mass of remains constant in magnitude.  The possible
the hanger, H is 0.5 kg. A boy places a block of
mass m on the hanger and finds that the system
direction of acceleration a of the particle ()
has been shown at three points A, B and C on
does not move. What could be values of mass m? its path. At which of these points the direction
3 of acceleration has been represented correctly.
tan 37∞ = and g = 10 m/s2
4 A
VA

a
10 kg a

B a
H VC

37° m VB
C

Q. 35. A disc of mass m lies flat on a smooth horizontal

(c) A particle is moving in XY plane with a
table. A light string runs halfway around it as 
velocity. v = 4iˆ + 2tjˆ ms –1 . Calculate its rate
shown in figure. One end of the string is attached
of change of speed and normal acceleration at
to a particle of mass m and the other end is being
t = 2 s.
pulled with a force F. There is no friction between
the disc and the string. Find acceleration of the end Q. 37. (i) A spinning disk has a hole at its centre. The
of the string to which force is being applied. surface of the disk is horizontal and a small
block A of mass m = 1 kg is placed on it.
F
m w

Q. 36. (a) A car starts moving (at point A) on a horizontal r A

circular track and moves in anticlockwise
sense. The speed of the car is made to increase
uniformly. The car slips just after point D. The
figure shows the friction force (f) acting on
the car at points A, B, C and D. The length
of the arrow indicates the magnitude of the
friction and it is given that D > B > C. At
which point (A, B, C or D) the friction forces
represented is certainly wrong ? B
 NeWton’s LaWs 3.7

Block A is tied to a light inextensible string, with respect to time. Take t = 0 when block 1
other end of which passes through the hole gets detached.
and supports another block B of mass M
= 2 kg. The coefficient of friction between
A and the disk surface is 0.5. It was observed
that the disk is spinning with block A
remaining at rest relative to the disk. Block B
was found to be stationary. It was estimated
that length of horizontal segment of the string
(r) was anywhere between 1.0 m to 1.5 m. With
6
this data what estimate can be made about the 4
2
angular speed (w) of the disk. [g =  10  m/s2] 5
3
(ii) A spring has force constant equal to 1
k  =  100  Nm–1. Ends of the spring are joined to Q. 40. Two monkeys A and B are holding on the two
give it a circular shape of radius R = 20 cm. sides of a light string passing over a smooth pulley.
Now the spring is rotated about its symmetry Mass of the two monkeys are mA= 8 kg and mB =
axis (perpendicular to its plane) such that the 10 kg respectively [g = 10 m/s2]
circumference of the circle increases by 1%.
Find the angular speed (w). Mass of one meter (a) Monkey A holds the string tightly and B goes
length of the spring is l = 0.126 gm–1. down with an acceleration ar = 2 m/s2 relative
to the string. Find the weight that A feels of
Q. 38. Two particles of mass m1 and m2 are in space at his own body.

separation r [vector from m1 to m2]. The only (b) What is the weight experienced by two
force that the two particles experience is the monkeys if A holds the string tightly and B
mutual gravitational pull. The force applied by goes down with an acceleration ar = 4 m/s2

 d 2 r  relative to the string.
m1 on m2 is F . Prove that m 2 = F Where
dt
m1m2
m is known as reduced mass for the two
m1 + m2
particle system.
m1

r A B
F m2

Q. 39. Six identical blocks – numbered 1 to 6 – have

been glued in two groups of three each and have Level 2
been suspended over a pulley as shown in fig.
The pulley and string are massless and the system Q. 41. Two strange particles A and B in space, exert no
is in equilibrium. The block 1, 2, 3, and 4 get force on each other when they are at a separation
detached from the system in sequence starting greater than x0 = 1.0 m. When they are at a distance
with block 1. The time gap between separation less than x0, they repel one another along the line
of two consecutive block (i.e., time gap between joining them. The repulsion force is constant
separation of 1 and 2 or gap between separation and does not depend on the distance between
of 2 and 3) is t0. Finally, blocks 5 and 6 remain the particles. This repulsive force produces an
connected to the string. acceleration of 6 ms–2 in A and 2 ms–2 in B when
(a) Find the final speed of blocks 5 and 6. the particles are at separation less than x0. In one
experiment particle B is projected towards A with
(b) Plot the graph of variation of speed of block 5
a velocity of 2 ms–1 from a large distance so as to
 3.8 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

hit A head on. The particle A is originally at rest M M M

and the system of two particles do not experience masses M , , , ..................respectively. All
2 4 8
any external force. surfaces are smooth. Find the contact force
(a) Find the ratio of mass of A to that of B. between the block 1 and 2 after the system is
(b) Find the minimum distance between the released from rest. Also find the acceleration of
particles during subsequent motion. the wedge.

(c) Find the final velocity of the two particles.

4
Q. 42. A light string passing over a smooth pulley holds 3
two identical buckets at its ends. Mass of each
2
empty bucket is M and each of them holds M mass
A 1 B
of sand. The system was in equilibrium when a
small leak developed in bucket B (take this time W
as t = 0). The sand leaves the bucket at a constant
rate of m kg/s. Assume that the leaving sand
particles have no relative speed with respect to the
bucket (it means that there is no impulsive force Q. 45. In the system shown in fig, mass of the block
on the bucket like leaving exhaust gases exert on is m1 = 4 kg and that of the hanging particle is
a rocket). Find the speed (V0) of the two bucket m2 = 1 kg. The incline is fixed and surface is
when B is just empty. smooth. Block is initially held at the top of the
incline and the particle hangs a distance d = 2.0
m below it. [Assume that the block and the particle
are on same vertical line in this position]. System
is released from this position. After what time will
the distance between the block and the particle be
minimum ? Find this minimum distance. [g = 10
m/s2.]

A B

Q. 43. A chain is lying on a smooth table with half its

length hanging over the edge of the table [fig(i)]. If 30°
the chain is released it slips off the table in time t1.
Now, two identical small balls are attached to the Q. 46. A uniform chain of mass M = 4.8 kg hangs in
two ends of the chain and the system is released vertical plane as shown in the fig.
[fig(ii)]. This time the chain took t2 time to slip off (a) Show that horizontal component of tension is
the table. Which time is larger, t1 or t2? same throughout the chain.
(b) Find tension in the chain at point P where the
chain makes an angle q = 15° with horizontal.
(c) Find mass of segment AP of the chain.
[Take g = 10 m/s2; cos 15° = 0.96, sin 15° = 0.25]
A
60°
(i) (ii)

Q. 44. A triangular wedge W having mass M is placed

on an incline plane with its face AB horizontal.
Inclination of the incline is q. On the flat horizontal B
surface of the wedge there lies an infinite tower of q P 30°
rectangular blocks. Blocks 1, 2, 3, 4 ………. have
 NeWton’s LaWs 3.9

Q. 47. Block A of mass M is placed on an incline plane, Q. 50. Blocks A and B have dimensions as shown in the
connected to a string, passing over a pulley as fig. and their masses are 8 kg and 1 kg respectively.
shown in the fig. The other end of the string also A small block C of mass 0.5 kg is placed on the top
carries a block B of mass M. The system is held in left corner of block A. All surfaces are smooth. A
the position shown such that triangle APQ lies in a horizontal force F = 18 N is applied to the block B
vertical plane with horizontal line AQ in the plane at time t = 0. At what time will the block C hit the
of the incline surface. ground surface? Take g = 10 m/s2.
C
P

4.0 m
2.0 m F = 18N
A B
a M
MA Q
B 4.0 m 2.75 m

Q. 51. Three identical smooth balls are placed between

q two vertical walls as shown in fig. Mass of each
5R
ball is m and radius is r = where 2R is
Find the minimum coefficient of friction between 9
separation between the walls.
the incline surface and block A such that the
system remains at rest after it is released. Take q = (a) Force between which two contact surface is
a = 45°. maximum? Find its value.
Q. 48. Figure shown a fixed surface inclined at an angle (b) Force between which two contact surface is
q to the horizontal. A smooth groove is cut on the minimum and what is its value?
incline along QR forming an angle f with PR. A
small block is released at point Q and it slides
down to R in time t. Find t.
Q

q

P R

Q. 49. In the system shown in the figure AB and CD 2R

are identical elastic cords having force constant Q. 52. A horizontal wooden block has a fixed rod OA
K. The string connected to the block of mass M standing on it. From top point A of the rod, two
is inextensible and massless. The pulley is also wires have been fixed to points B and C on the
massless. Initially, the cords are just taut. The end block. The plane of triangle OAB is perpendicular
D of the cord CD is gradually moved up. Find the to the plane of the triangle OAC. There are two
vertical displacement of the end D by the time the identical beads on the two wires. One of the wires
block leaves the ground.
A

C
q C
A O
q
a
M
B
B
3.10 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

is perfectly smooth while the other is rough. floor. The monkey remains at height h till the
The wooden block is moved with a horizontal block crosses it. At the instant the block is
acceleration (a) that is perpendicular to the line crossing the monkey it begins climbing up the
OB and it is observed that both the beads do not rope. Find the minimum acceleration of the
slide on the wire. Find the minimum coefficient of monkey relative to the rope, so that the block
friction between the rough wire and the bead. is not able to hit the floor. Do you think that a
Q. 53. In the arrangement shown in the fig. the pulley, monkey can climb with such an acceleration?
the spring and the thread are ideal. The spring is (g = 10 ms –2)
stretched and the two blocks are in contact with
a horizontal platform P. When the platform is
gradually moved up by 2 cm the tension in the
string becomes zero. If the platform is gradually
moved down by 2 cm from its original position
one of the blocks lose contact with the platform.
Given M = 4 kg; m = 2 kg.
(a) Find the force constant (k) of the spring A

(b) If the platform continues to move down after h

one of the blocks loses contact, will the other M
block also lose contact? Assume that that the h
platform moves very slowly.

Q. 55. An ideal spring is in its natural length (L) with two

objects A and B connected to its ends. A point
2L

P on the unstretched spring is at a distance
3
from B. Now the objects A and B are moved by
4 cm to the left and 8 cm to the right respectively.
Find the displacement of point P.
4 cm 2L
3 8 cm
M m P
P

Q. 54. In the arrangement shown in the fig. a monkey of L

mass M keeps itself as well as block A at rest by Q. 56. The fig. shows an infinite tower of identical springs
firmly holding the rope. Rope is massless and the each having force constant k. The connecting
pulley is ideal. Height of the monkey and block A
from the floor is h and 2h respectively [h = 2.5 m] F
A
(a) The monkey loosens its grip on the rope and
slides down to the floor. At what height from
B1
the ground is block A at the instant the money
hits the ground?
(b) Another block of mass equal to that of A is
stuck to the block A and the system is released.
The monkey decides to keep itself at height
h above the ground and it allows the rope to
slide through its hand. With what speed will
the block strike the ground?
(c) In the situation described in (b), the monkey
decides to prevent the block from striking the
 NeWton’s LaWs 3.11

bars and all springs are massless. All springs are Q. 59. In the arrangement shown in the fig. all pulleys are
relaxed and the bottom row of springs is fixed to mass less and the strings are inextensible and light.
horizontal ground. The free end of the top spring is Block A has mass M.
pulled up with a constant force F. In equilibrium, (a) If the system stays at rest after it is released,
find find the mass of the block B.
(a) The displacement of free end A of the top (b) If mass of the block B is twice the value
spring from relaxed position. found in part (a) of the problem, calculate the
(b) The displacement of the top bar B1 from the acceleration of block A.
initial relaxed position.
Q. 57. In the system shown in the fig. there is no friction
and string is light. Mass of movable pulley P2
is M2. If pulley P1 is massless, what should be
value of applied force F to keep the system in
equilibrium?

P3
M A

B
P1

Q. 60. In the fig. shown, the pulley and string are mass
less and the incline is frictionless. The segment
P2
AP of the string is parallel to the incline and the
segment PB is perpendicular to the incline. End of
the string is pulled with a constant force F.
m
(a) If the block is moving up the incline with
Q. 58. In the system shown in the fig., the bead of mass acceleration while being in contact with the
m can slide on the string. There is friction between incline, then angle q must be less then q0.
the bead and the string. Block has mass equal to Find q0
twice that of the bead. The system is released from q0
(b) If q= find the maximum acceleration
rest with length l of the string hanging below the 2
bead. Calculate the distance moved by the block with which the block can move up the plane
before the bead slips out of the thread. Assume the without losing contact with the incline.
string and pulley to be massless. F
A
B

P
m

bead

Q.61. A triangular wedge A is held fixed and a block B

is released on its inclined surface, from the top.
Block B reaches the horizontal ground in time t. In
another experiment, the wedge A was free to slide
P2
on the horizontal surface and it took t’ time for the
block B to reach the ground surface after it was
2m released from the top. Neglect friction and assume
3.12 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

that B remains in contact with A. horizontal, and coefficient of friction between

(a) Which time is larger t or t´? Tell by simple shoes and the platform is 0.6.
observation. Q. 64. A wedge is placed on the smooth surface of a fixed
(b) When wedge A was free to move, it was incline having inclination q with the horizontal.
observed that it moved leftward with an The vertical wall of the wedge has height h and
g there is a small block A on the edge of the horizontal
acceleration and one of the two measured
4 surface of the wedge. Mass of the wedge and the
times (t & t´) was twice the other. Find the small block are M and m respectively.
inclination q of the inclined surface of the
(a) Find the acceleration of the wedge if friction
wedge.
between block A and the wedge is large
B enough to prevent slipping between the two.
(b) Find friction force between the block and the
wedge in the above case. Also find the normal
force between the two.
(c) Assuming there is no friction between the
A
block and the wedge, calculate the time in
which the block will hit the incline.
Q. 62. A block A is made to move up an inclined plane
of inclination q with constant acceleration a0 as
shown in figure. Bob B, hanging from block A A
by a light inextensible string, is held vertical and
q
is moving along with the block. Calculate the
magnitude of acceleration of block A relative to h
the bob immediately after bob is released.
a0 q

A Q. 65. In the system shown in figure, all surfaces are

smooth, pulley and strings are massless. Mass of
both A and B are equal. The system is released
from rest.
B

Q. 63. A 50 kg man is standing at the centre of a 30 kg

platform A. Length of the platform is 10 m and
coefficient of friction between the platform and B
the horizontal ground is 0.2. Man is holding one A
end of a light rope which is connected to a 50 kg
box B. The coefficient of friction between the box  
and the ground is 0.5. The man pulls the rope so (a) Find the a A . a B immediately after the system
as to slowly move the box and ensuring that he  
is released. a A and a B are accelerations of
himself does not move relative to the ground. If
the shoes of the man does not slip on the platform, block A and B respectively.

calculate how much time it will take for the man (b) Find a A immediately after the system is
to fall off the platform. Assume that rope remains released.
B Q.66. A block is placed on an incline having inclination
50 kg
q. There is a rigid L shaped frame fixed to
30 kg
the block. A plumb line (a ball connected to a
A
thread) is attached to the end A of the frame. The
10 m system is released on the inline. Find the angle
 NeWton’s LaWs 3.13

that the plumb line will make with vertical in its placed in contact with the wedge B as shown. The
equilibrium position relative to the block when coefficient of friction between the block C and the
3 m
(a) the incline is smooth vertical wedge wall is m = 4 . Find the ratio for
M
(b) there is friction and the acceleration of the which the block C will not slide with respect to the
block is half its value when the incline is wedge after the system is released?
smooth A
A m C
M
4
B M
30° B

Q. 70. A smooth rod is fixed at an angle a to the

horizontal. A small ring of mass m can slide along
q the rod. A thread carrying a small sphere of mass
Q. 67. A wedge of mass m is placed on a horizontal M is attached to the ring. To keep the system in
smooth table. A block of mass m is placed at the equilibrium, another thread is attached to the ring
mid point of the smooth inclined surface having which carries a load of mass m0 at its end (see
length L along its line of greatest slope. Inclination figure). The thread runs parallel to the rod between
of the inclined surface is q = 45°. The block is the ring and the pulley.
released and simultaneously a constant horizontal All threads and pulley are massless.
force F is applied on the wedge as shown. (a) Find m0 so that system is in equilibrium.
(a) What is value of F if the block does not slide (b) Find acceleration of the sphere M immediately
on the wedge? after the thread supporting m0 is cut.
(b) In how much time the block will come out of
the incline surface if applied force is 1.5 times m
that found in part (a)
m0
L a
m
F
M

q m Q. 71. In the system shown in figure all surfaces are

smooth and string and pulleys are light. Angle of
Q. 68. A rod is kept inclined at an angle q with the Ê 3ˆ
horizontal A sleeve of mass m can slide on the wedge q = sin -1 Á ˜ . When released from rest
Ë 5¯
rod. If the coefficient of friction between the rod it was found that the wedge of mass m0 does not
and the sleeve is m, for what values of horizontal M
acceleration a of the rod, towards left, the sleeve move. Find .
m
will not slide over the rod?

a m M

m0 q
q

Q. 72. In the last problem take M = m and m0 = 2 m and

Q. 69. In the arrangement shown in figure, a block A of
calculate the acceleration of the wedge.
mass m has been placed on a smooth wedge B of
mass M. The wedge lies on a horizontal smooth Q. 73. In the system shown in the figure all surfaces are
M smooth, pulley and string are massless. The string
surface. Another block C of mass has been
4 between the two pulleys and between pulley and
3.14 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

block of mass 5 m is parallel to the incline surface

d 2 x1 d 2 x2
of the block of mass 4 m. The system is released (b) Find the value of 2
and
from rest. Find the acceleration of the block of dt dt 2

mass 4 m. ÈÍ tan 37∞ = ˘˙

3 immediately after string AB is cut.
Î 4˚ d 2 x1 d 2 x2
(c) Find the value of and
dt 2 dt 2
immediately after spring 2 is cut.
Q. 76. In the figure shown, the pulley, strings and springs
5m
are mass less. The block is moved to right by a
8m
4m distance x0 from the position where the two
37° springs are relaxed. The block is released from this
position.
Q. 74. In the system shown in figure, the two springs S1
and S2 have force constant k each. Pulley, springs K1
and strings are all massless. Initially, the system T0
M
is in equilibrium with spring S1 stretched and S2 K2
relaxed. The end A of the string is pulled down
slowly through a distance L. By what distance Smooth
does the block of mass M move?
(a) Find the acceleration of the block immediately
after it is released.
(b) Find tension (T0) in the support holding the
S1
pulley to the wall, immediately after the block
is released.
M
Assume no friction.
Q.77. The system shown in figure is in equilibrium.
Surface PQ of wedge A, having mass M, is
horizontal. Block B, having mass 2M, rests on
A wedge A and is supported by a vertical spring. The
S2
spring balance S is showing a reading of 2 Mg.
There is no friction anywhere and the thread QS
Q. 75. The system shown in figure is in equilibrium. is parallel to the incline surface. The thread QS
Pulley, springs and the strings are massless. The is cut. Find the acceleration of A and the normal
three blocks A, B and C have equal masses. x1 contact force between A and B immediately after
and x2 are extensions in the spring 1 and spring 2 the thread is cut.
respectively.

S
2M Q
P B
A M A

Spring 1 B

Spring 2

q = 45°

Q.78. A triangular wedge of mass M lies on a smooth

d 2 x2 horizontal table with half of its base projecting
(a) Find the value of immediately
dt 2 out of the edge of the table. A block of mass m is
after spring 1 is cut. kept at the top of the smooth incline surface of the
 NeWton’s LaWs 3.15

wedge and the system is let go. Find the maximum È 3 2 ˘

M Ítan q = 4 ; g = 10 m / s ˙
value of for which the block will land on the Î
˚
m
x(m)
table. Take q = 60°. A
x 2.0
m F
0.5 A
t (sec)
x=0 O 1.0 2.0
–0.5
B
q
–2.0 A q

M Q.82. Block B of mass m has been placed on block A

q
of mass 3 m as shown. Block A rests on a smooth
horizontal table. F1 is the maximum horizontal
L L
2 2 force that can be applied on the block A such that
there is no slipping between the blocks. Similarly,
Q.79. In the system shown in the figure all surfaces are F2 is the maximum horizontal force that can be
smooth and both the pulleys are mass less. Block applied on the block B so that the two blocks move
on the incline surface of wedge A has mass m. Mass together without slipping on each other. When
of A and B are M = 4 m and M0 = 2 m respectively. F1 and F2 both are applied together as shown in
Find the acceleration of wedge A when the system figure.
is released from rest.
m F2
B

3m F1
A
m
Smooth
B
(a) Find the friction force acting between the
q A blocks.
(b) Acceleration of the two blocks.
Q.80. A block of mass m requires a horizontal force F0 to (c) If F2 is decreased a little, what will be direction
move it on a horizontal metal plate with constant of friction acting on B.
velocity. The metal plate is folded to make it a right
Q. 83. (i) In the arrangement shown in the figure the
angled horizontal trough. Find the horizontal force
coefficient of friction between the 2 kg block and
F that is needed to move the block with constant
the vertical wall is m = 0.5. A constant horizontal
velocity along this trough.
force of 40 N keeps the block pressed against the
wall. The spring has a natural length of 1.0 m and
F0
F
45° its force constant is k = 400 Nm–1. What should
be the height h of the block above the horizontal
Q.81. Block A of mass mA = 200 g is placed on an incline floor for it to be in equilibrium. The spring is not
plane and a constant force F = 2.2 N is applied on tied to the block.
it parallel to the incline. Taking the initial position
of the block as origin and up along the incline
as x direction, the position (x) time (t) graph of F = 40 N
2 kg
the block is recorded (see figure (b)). The same
experiment is repeated with another block B of
mass mB = 500 g. Same force F is applied to it
h
up along the incline and its position – time graph
is recorded (see figure (b)). Now the two blocks
are connected by a light string and released on
the same incline as shown in figure (c). Find the (ii) A block of mass M is pressed against a rough
tension in the string. vertical wall by applying a force F making an
3.16 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

angle of q with horizontal (as shown in figure). Q. 86. A block of mass m = 1 kg is kept pressed against a
Coefficient of friction between the wall and the spring on a rough horizontal surface. The spring is
block is m = 0.75. compressed by 10 cm from its natural length and to
m keep the block at rest in this position a horizontal
F
force (F) towards left is applied. It was found that
the block can be kept at rest if 8 N F 18 N.
q Find the spring constant (k) and the coefficient of
M friction (m) between the block and the horizontal
surface.

F
(a) If F = 2 Mg, find the range of values of q so m
that the block does not slide
[Take tan 37° = 0.75; sin 24° = 0.4] Q. 87. An experimenter is inside a uniformly accelerated
(b) Find the maximum value of q above which train. Train is moving horizontally with constant
equilibrium is not possible for any magnitude acceleration a0. He places a wooden plank AB in
of force F. horizontal position with end A pointing towards
Q. 84. A block is projected up along a rough incline with the engine of the train. A block is released at end
a velocity of u = 10 m/s. After 4 s the block was A of the plank and it reaches end B in time t1. The
at point B at a distance of 5 m from the starting same plank is placed at an inclination of 45° to the
point A and was travelling down at a velocity of horizontal. When the block is released at A it now
v = 4 m/s. t2
=2 4.
5
climbs to B in time t2. It was found that
/s t1
4m What is the coefficient of friction between the
v=
/s block and the plank?
1 0m B
u= Direction of acceleration of the train

B
A 5m

q
B A
45
(a) Find time after projection at which the block A
came to rest.
Q. 88. Two hemispheres of radii R and r (< R) are fixed on
(b) Find the coefficient of friction between the
a horizontal table touching each other (see figure).
block and the incline.
A uniform rod rests on two spheres as shown. The
Take g = 10 m/s2 coefficient of friction between the rod and two
Q. 85. A long piece of paper is being pulled on a spheres is µ. Find the minimum value of the ratio
horizontal surface with a constant velocity u along
r
for which the rod will not slide.
its length. Width of the paper is L. A small block R
moving horizontally, perpendicular to the direction
of motion of the paper, with velocity v slides onto
the paper. The coefficient of friction between the
block and the paper is m. Find maximum value of R r
v such that the block does not cross the opposite O1 O2
edge of the paper.
Q. 89. In order to lift a heavy block A, an engineer has
u designed a wedge system as shown. Wedge C is
L
v fixed. A horizontal force F is applied to B to lift
block A. Wedge B itself has negligible mass and
mass of A is M. The coefficient of friction at all
 NeWton’s LaWs 3.17

surfaces is m. Find the value of applied force F at and strings are mass less. Mass of block C is M.
which the block A just begins to rise. [g = 10 m/s2]

A A

B
q
B

q q
C (fixed)
C
Q.90. A 60 kg platform has been placed on a rough (a) Find value of M for which block B does not
incline having inclination q = 37°. The coefficient
accelerate
of friction between the platform and the incline
(b) Find maximum value of M for which A does
is m = 0.5. A 40 kg man is running down on the
not accelerate.
platform so as to keep the platform stationary.
What is the acceleration of the man? It is known Q.93. In the arrangement shown in figure, pulley and
that the man cannot manage to go beyond an string are light. Friction coefficient between the
È 3˘ two blocks is m whereas the incline is smooth.
acceleration of 7 m/s2. Ísin 37∞ = 5 ˙ Block A has mass m and difference in mass of
Î ˚
the two blocks is m. Find minimum value of m
40 kg 0.5
m for which the system will not accelerate when
released from rest.

60 kg

A
q 
B

Q. 91. In the system show in figure, mass of the

block placed on horizontal surface is M =

4 kg. A constant horizontal force of F = 40 N
is applied on it as shown. The coefficient of Q. 94. In the arrangement shown in figure pulley P can
friction between the blocks and surfaces is move whereas other two pulleys are fixed. All of
m = 0.5. Calculate the values of mass m of the them are light. String is light and inextensible. The
block on the incline for which the system does not coefficient of friction between 2 kg and 3 kg block
È 3 ˘ is m = 0.75 and that between 3 kg block and the
move. Ísin 37∞ = ; g = 10m / s2 ˙ table is m = 0.5. The system is released from rest
Î 5 ˚
 2 kg
M
F
 3 kg
m

P
q = 37°

M
Q. 92. In the arrangement shown in the figure, block A
of mass 8 kg rests on a horizontal table having (i) Find maximum value of mass M, so that the
coefficient of friction m = 0.5. Block B has a system does not move. Find friction force
mass of 6 kg and rests on a smooth incline having between 2 kg and 3 kg blocks in this case.
Ê 2ˆ
inclination angle q = sin -1 Á ˜ . All pulleys (ii) If M = 4 kg, find the tension in the string
Ë 5¯ attached to 2 kg block.
 3.18 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

(iii) If M = 4 kg and m1 = 0.9, find friction force D E

between the two blocks, and acceleration of
B C 30°
M.
(iv) Find acceleration of M if m1 = 0.75, m2 = -0.9
A Vertically down
and M = 4 kg.
60°
Êp ˆ
Q. 95. A rope of length Á + 1˜ R has been placed on a (a) Find m
Ë2 ¯
smooth sphere of radius R as shown in figure. End (b) x is distance measured along the length of the
A of the rope is at the top of the sphere and end B rope starting from point A. Plot the variation
is overhanging. Mass per unit length of the rope is of tension in the rope (T) with distance x.
. The horizontal string holding this rope in place (c) Find the maximum tension in the rope.
can tolerate tension equal to weight of the rope.
Find the maximum mass (M0) of a block that can Q. 98. (i) Four small blocks are interconnected with
be tied to the end B of the rope so that the string light strings and placed over a fixed sphere as
does not break. shown. Blocks A, B and C are identical each
having mass m = 1 kg. Block D has a mass of m´
String
= 2 kg. The coefficient of friction between the
blocks and the sphere is m = 0.5. The system is
A
released from the position shown in figure.
A
D B

Rope 37° 37°

53°
C
B

Q.96. A uniform rope has been placed on a sloping

surface as shown in the figure. The vertical
separation and horizontal separation between the
end points of the rope are H and X respectively. (a) Find the tension in each string. Which string
The friction coefficient (m) is just good enough has largest tension?
to prevent the rope from sliding down. Find the
value of m. (b) Find the friction force acting on each block.
A
È 3 2˘
ÍTake tan 37∞ = 4 ; g = 10 m / s ˙
Î ˚
(ii) A fixed square prism ABCD has its axis
H
horizontal and perpendicular to the plane
of the figure. The face AB makes 45° with
the vertical. On the upper faces AB and
B
X BC of the prism there are light bodies P
and Q respectively. The two bodies (P and
Q.97. A uniform rope ABCDE has mass M and it is Q) are connected using a string S1 and
laid along two incline surfaces (AB and CD) and strings S0 and S2 are hanging from P and Q
two horizontal surfaces (BC and DE) as shown respectively. All strings are mass less, and
in figure. The four parts of the rope AB, BC, CD inextensible. String S1 is horizontal and the
and DE are of equal lengths. The coefficient of other two strings are vertical. The coefficient
friction (m) is uniform along the entire surface of friction between the bodies and the prism
and is just good enough to prevent the rope from is m . Assume that P and Q always remain in
sliding. contact with the prism.
 NeWton’s LaWs 3.19

S1 that is vertically above the centre of the sphere.

The other end of the string is connected to a small
P B Q particle of mass m that rests on the sphere. The
string makes an angle a = 30° with the vertical.
45°
A C Find the acceleration of the sphere immediately
after it is released. There is no friction anywhere.
S0 S2
D
Q. 102. A light rod AB is fitted with a small sleeve of
mass m which can slide smoothly over it. The
(a) If tension in S0 is T0, find the minimum sleeve is connected to the two ends of the rod
tension (T1) in S1 to keep the body P at rest. using two springs of force constant 2k and k (see
fig). The ends of the springs at A and B are fixed
(b) A mass M0 is tied to the lower end of
and the other ends (connected to sleeve) can move
string S0 and another mass m2 is tied to S2.
along with the sleeve. The natural length of spring
Find the minimum value of m2 so as to keep
connected to A is l0. Now the rod is rotated with
P and Q at rest.
angular velocity w about an axis passing through
Q. 99. A metal disc of radius R can rotate about the k
vertical axis passing through its centre. The top end A that is perpendicular to the rod. Take mw 2 = h
surface of the disc is uniformly covered with and express the change in length of each spring
dust particles. The disc is rotated with gradually (in equilibrium position of the sleeve relative to
increasing speed. At what value of the angular the rod) in terms of l0 and h.
speed (w) of the disc the 75% of the top surface
w
will become dust free. Assume that the coefficient
of friction between the dust particles and the metal B
A
disc is m = 0.5. Assume no interaction amongst 2K m K
the dust particles.

Q. 103. A metallic hemisphere is having dust on its

surface. The sphere is rotated about a vertical axis
passing through its centre at angular speed w =
R
10 rad s –1. Now the dust is visible only on top
20% area of the curved hemispherical surface.
Radius of the hemisphere is R = 0.1 m. Find the
coefficient of friction between the dust particle
and the hemisphere [g = 10 ms –2].
w
Q.100. In the last question, the axis of the disc is tilted Dust
slightly to make an angle q with the vertical. Redo
the problem for this condition and check the result
by putting q = 0 in your answer.
Q. 101.
Q. 104. Civil engineers bank a road to help a car negotiate a
 curve. While designing a road they usually ignore
friction. However, a young engineer decided to
include friction in his calculation while designing
a road. The radius of curvature of the road is R
and the coefficient of friction between the tire and
the road is m.
(a) What should be the banking angle (q ) so that
A sphere of mass M is held at rest on a horizontal car travelling up to a maximum speed V0 can
floor. One end of a light string is fixed at a point negotiate the curve.
 3.20 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

(b) At what speed (V1) shall a car travel on a road Q.108. Three small discs are connected with two
banked at q0 so that there is no tendency to identical massless rods as shown in fig. The rods
skid. (No tendency to skid means there is no are pinned to the discs such that angle between
static friction force action on the car). them can change freely. The system is placed on
(c) The driver of a car travelling at speed (V1) a smooth horizontal surface with discs A and B
starts retarding (by applying brakes). What touching a smooth wall and the angle ACB being
angle (acute, obtuse or right angle) does the 90°. A force F is applied to the disc C in a direction
resultant friction force on the car make with perpendicular to the wall. Find acceleration of
the direction of motion? disc B immediately after the force starts to act.
Masses of discs are mA = m; mB = 2 m; mC = m
Q. 105. A turn of radius 100 m is banked for a speed of [wall is perpendicular to the plane of the fig.]
20 m/s A
m
(a) Find the banking angle
(b) If a vehicle of mass 500 kg negotiates the
curve find the force of friction on it if its
m
speed is – (i) 30 m/s (ii) 10 m/s C
90°
Assume that friction is sufficient to prevent F

skidding and slipping. wall

[Take tan 22° = 0.4, sin 22° = 0.375, cos 22° = 2m
0.93, g = 10 ms –2] B

Q. 106. A horizontal circular turning has a curved length

L and radius R. A car enters the turn with a speed Q. 109. Figure shows two blocks in contact placed on an
V0 and its speed increases at a constant rate f. If incline of angle q = 30°. The coefficient of friction
the coefficient of friction is m, between the block of mass 4 kg and the incline is
m1, and that between 2 kg block and incline is m2.
(a) At what time t0, after entering the curve, will Find the acceleration of the blocks and the contact
the car skid? (Take it for granted that it skids force between them if –
somewhere on the turning) (a) m1 = 0.5, m2 = 0.8
(b) At a time t (< t0) what is the force of friction (b) m1 = 0.8, m2 = 0.5
acting on the car? (c) m1 = 0.6, m2 = 0.1 [Take g = 10 m/s2]
Q. 107. A 70 kg man enters a lift and stands an a weighing
scale inside it. At time t = 0, the lift starts 2k
g
g
moving up and stops at a higher floor at t = 9.0 4k
s. During the course of this journey, the weighing
scale records his weight and given a plot of his
weight vs time. The plot is shown in the fig. = 30°
[Take g = 10 m/s2]
(a) Find F0 Q. 110. A small collar of mass m = 100 g slides over the
surface of a horizontal circular rod of radius R =
(b) Find the magnitude of maximum acceleration
0.3 m. The coefficient of friction between the rod
of the lift.
and the collar is m = 0.8. Find the angle made with
(c) Find maximum speed acquired by the lift.
vertical by the force applied by the rod on the collar
F
when speed of the collar is V = 2 m/s.
800N

700N 6.0 9.0

o t (s)
0.2 2.8 3.0

Fo
 NeWton’s LaWs 3.21

Q. 111. A flat race track consists of two straight section is suspended at the centre of the room tied to
AC and DB each of length 180 m and one semi three inextensible strings as shown. String BA is
circular section DC of radius R = 150 m. A car horizontal with A being the centre point of the
starting from rest at A has to reach B in least wall. Find the ratio of tension in the string BA and
possible time (the car may cross through point BC.
B and need not stop there). The coefficient of Q.114. Two identical smooth disc of radius R have been
friction between the tyres and the road is m = placed on a frictionless table touching each other.
0.6 and the top speed that the car can acquire Another circular plate is placed between them as
is 180 kph. Find the minimum time needed shown in figure. The mass per unit area of each
to move from A to B under ideal conditions. object is s, and the line joining the centers of the
Braking is not allowed in the entire journey plate and the disc is q
[g = 10 m/s 2]
(a) Find the minimum horizontal force F0 that
must be applied to the two discs to keep them
together.
C R D
O (b) Angle q can be changed by changing the size
of the circular plate. Find F0 when q 0.
È q2 ˘
180 m 180 m Íuse cos q = 1 - and sin q = q for small q ˙
Î 2 ˚

(c) Find F0 when q Æ p . Explain the result.

A B 2

Q. 112. A small insect is climbing slowly along the

inner wall of a hemispherical bowl of radius R.
The insect is unable to climb beyond q = 45°.
Whenever it tries to climb beyond q = 45°, it F R F
slips.
(a) Find the minimum angular speed w with
which the bowl shall be rotated about its
vertical radius so that the insect can climb Q. 115. Three identical smooth cylinders, each of mass
upto q = 60°. m and radius r are resting in equilibrium within
(b) Find minimum w for which the insect can a fixed smooth cylinder of radius R (only a part
move out of the bowl. of this cylinder has been shown in the fig). Find
w the largest value of R in terms of r for the small
cylinders to remain in equilibrium.

Q. 113. C
D
Q. 116. A massless spring of force constant K and natural
length l0 is hanging from a ceiling. An insect of
B A mass m is sitting at the lower end of the spring
and the system is in equilibrium . The insect starts
slowing climbing up the spring so as to eat a bug
A room is in shape of a cube. A heavy ball (B) sitting on the ceiling. Assume that insect climbs
 3.22 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

mg (a) Find the maximum value of F (call it F0)

without slipping on the spring and K . Find so that all the four blocks move with same
l0
1 acceleration.
the length of the spring when the insect is at th
4 (b) Will the value of F0 increase or decrease if
of its original distance from the bug.
another block (E) of mass m2 is placed above
block D and coefficient of friction between E
Bug
and D is m?
Q. 119. A chain with uniform mass per unit length lies
in a vertical plane along the slope of a smooth
hill. The two end of the chain are at same height.
K
If the chain is released from this position find its
acceleration.

insect

Q. 117. In the system shown in fig., all pulleys are mass

less and the string is inextensible and light.
(a) After the system is released, find the
acceleration of mass m1
pR
(b) If m1 = 1 kg, m2 = 2 kg and m3 = 3 kg then Q. 120. A uniform rope of length has been placed on
2
what must be value of mass m4 so that it fixed cylinder of radius R as shown in the fig. One
accelerates downwards? end of the rope is at the top of the cylinder. The
coefficient of friction between the rope and the
cylinder is just enough to prevent the rope from
sliding. Mass of the rope is M.
(a) At what position, the tension in the rope is
m1 m2 m3 maximum?
(b) Calculate the value of maximum tension in
the rope.

m4 R
Q. 118. In the system shown in fig., block A and C are
placed on smooth floors and both have mass equal
to m1. Blocks B and D are identical having mass
m2 each. Coefficient of friction Q. 121. In the last problem, the rope is placed on the
cylinder as shown. Find maximum tension in the
D
rope.
C F

B 45° 45°

Between A and B and that between C and D are

both equal to m. String and pulleys are light. A
horizontal force F is applied on block C and is Q. 122. A 4 kg block is placed on a rough horizontal
gradually increased. surface. The coefficient of friction between the
 NeWton’s LaWs 3.23

block and the surface is m = 0.5. A force F = 18 N Q. 125. A smooth cylinder is fixed with its axis horizontal.
is applied on the block making an angle q with the Radius of the cylinder is R. A uniform rope (ACB)
horizontal. Find the range of values of q for which of linear mass density (kg/m) is exactly of length
the block can start moving. R and is held in semicircular shape in vertical
ÈTake g = 10 m/s2 , tan -1 (2) = 63∞˘ plane around the cylinder as shown in figure. Two
Í
˙ massless strings are connected at the two ends of
Í -1 Ê 10 ˆ ˙
Í sin ÁË ˜¯ = 84 ∞ ˙
the rope and are pulled up vertically with force T0
Î 9 1.25 ˚ to keep the rope in contact with the cylinder.

F = 18 N
(a) Find minimum value of T0 so that the rope
does not lose contact with the cylinder at any

point.
4kg
(b) If T0 is decreased slightly below the minimum
m = 0.5 value calculated in (a), where will the rope
lose contact with the cylinder.
Q. 123. Two rectangular blocks A and B are placed on
T0 T0
a horizontal surface at a very small separation.
The masses of the blocks are mA = 4 kg and mB =
5 kg. Coefficient of friction between the horizontal
surface and both the blocks is m = 0.4. Horizontal A
O
B
forces F1 and F2 are applied on the blocks as
shown. Both the forces vary with time as R

F1 = 15 + 0.5 t
F2 = 2t C

Where ‘t’ is time in second. Q. 126. A block of mass m placed on an incline just begins
Plot the variation of friction force acting on the to slide when inclination of the incline is made
two blocks ( A and B) vs time till the motion q = 45°. With inclination equal to q = 30°, the
starts. Take rightward direction to be positive for block is placed on the incline. A horizontal force
(F) parallel to the surface of the incline is applied
B and leftward direction to be positive for A.
5 kg to the block. The force F is gradually increased
4 kg from zero. At what angle a to the force F will the
F1 F2 block first begin to slide?
A B

Level 3 a
F

Q. 124. A rope of mass m is hung from a ceiling. The

centre point is pulled down with a vertical force q
F. The tangent to the rope at its ends makes an
angle a with horizontal ceiling. The two tangents
at the lower point make an angle of q with each Q. 127. In the last problem if it is allowed to apply the
other. Find q. force F in any direction, find the minimum force
Fmin needed to move the block on the incline.
a a
Q. 128. A block A has been placed symmetrically over
two identical blocks B and C. All the three blocks
q have equal mass, M each, and the horizontal
surface on which B and C are placed is smooth.
The coefficient of friction between A and either
of B and C is m. The block A exerts equal pressure
F
on B and C. A horizontal force F is applied to the
 3.24 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

block B. (a) Find tension in the string.

A (b) Find the acceleration of the hemisphere
immediately after the string is cut.
F
B C Q. 131. A semicircular ring of radius R is fixed on a smooth
horizontal table. A small block is projected with
speed u so as to enter the ring at end A. Initial
(a) Find maximum value of F so that A does velocity of the block is along tangent to the ring at
not slip on B or C and the three blocks move A and it moves on the table remaining in contact
together. with the inner wall of the ring. The coefficient of
(b) If F is increased beyond the maximum found friction between the block and the ring is m.
in (a) where will we see slipping first- at (a) Find the time after which the block will exit
contact of A and B or at the contact of A and the ring at B.
C.
(b) With what speed will the block leave the ring
(c) If F is kept half the maximum found in (a), at B.
calculate the ratio of friction force between A A
and B to that between A and C. Does this ratio
change if F is decreased further? u

Q. 129. In the arrangement shown in the figure the

coefficient of friction between the blocks C and
D is m = 0.7 and that between block D and the
horizontal table is m = 0.2. The system is released
from rest. [ Take g = 10 ms –2] Pulleys and threads
are massless.
C B
3 kg
D Q. 132. A long helix made of thin wire is held vertical.
1.5 kg The radius and pitch of the helix are R and r
A respectively. A bead begins to slide down the
3 kg
0.5 kg B helix.

(a) Find the acceleration of the block C. (a) Find the normal force applied by the wire on
the bead when the speed of the bead is v.
(b) Block B is replaced with a new block. What
shall be the minimum mass of this new block (b) Eventually, the bead acquires a constant
so that block C and D accelerate in opposite speed of v0. Find the coefficient of friction
direction? between the wire and the bead.

Q. 130. A hemisphere of mass M and radius R rests on a

smooth horizontal table. A vertical rod of mass m
is held between two smooth guide walls supported
on the sphere as shown. There is no friction
between the rod and the sphere. A horizontal r
string tied to the sphere keeps the system at rest.

R
m
Q. 133. A wedge of mass m is kept on a smooth table and
its inclined surface is also smooth. A small block
of mass m is projected from the bottom along the
M R String incline surface with velocity u. Assume that the
block remains on the incline and take q = 45°,
q g = 10 m/s2.
 NeWton’s LaWs 3.25

(a) Find the acceleration of the wedge and the string AO is twice the tension (T2) in string
x and y components of acceleration of the BO
block. (d) Assume that both strings are taut when the
(b) Draw the approximate path of the block as string AO breaks. What will be nature of path
observed by an observer on the ground. At of the particle moment after AO breaks ?
what angle does the block hit the table? Q. 136. A sphere of mass m and radius r = 3m is placed
(c) Calculate the radius of curvature of the path inside a container with flat bottom and slant
of the block when it is at the highest point. sidewall as shown in the figure. The sphere
touches the slant wall at point A and the floor at
x
point B. It does not touch any other surface. The
container, along with the sphere, is rotated about
y
the central vertical axis with angular speed w.
u The sphere moves along with the container, i.e.,
m m it is at rest relative to the container. The normal
q = 45 force applied by the bottom surface and the slant
surface on the sphere are N1 and N2 respectively.
Q. 134. A cylinder with radius R spins about its horizontal There is no friction.
axis with angular speed w. There is a small block
(a) Find the value of w above which N2 becomes
lying on the inner surface of the cylinder. The
larger than N1
coefficient of friction between the block and the
cylinder is m. Find the value of w for which the (b) Find the value of w above which the sphere
block does not slip, i.e., stays at rest with respect leaves contact with the floor.
w
to the cylinder.
w

r
R A
B 60°
2.0 m

Q. 135. A particle of mass m is attached to a vertical rod Q. 137. A car is being driven on a tilted ground. The
with two inextensible strings AO and BO of equal ground makes an angle q with the horizontal.
lengths l. Distance between A and B is also l. The The driven drives on a circle of radius R. The
setup is rotated with angular speed w with rod as coefficient of friction between the tires and the
the axis. ground is m.
(a) What is the largest speed for which the car
will not slip at point A? Assume that rate of
A
l
change of speed is zero.
O (b) What is the largest constant speed with which
l
m the car can be driven on the circle without
slipping?
l
B

O
(a) Find the values of w for which the particle B A
remains at point B.
(b) Find the range of values of w for which q
tension (T1) in the string AO is greater than
mg but the other string remains slack Q. 138. A particle P is attached to two fixed points O1
(c) Find the value of w for which tension (T1) in and O2 in a horizontal line, by means of two
 3.26 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

light inextensible strings of equal length l. It is (a) Find the normal force applied by each of the
projected with a velocity just sufficient to make it blocks on the sphere at the instant separation
describe a circle, in a vertical plane, without the between the blocks is a = 2R; R = 1.0 m
strings getting slack and with the angle < O2O1P being the radius of the ball.
= <O1O2P = q. When the particle is at its lowest
point, the string O2P breaks and the subsequent
path of the particle was found to be a circle of C
radius l cos q. Find q.

A B
O1 O2 V a V
q q

(b) How much force must be applied on each of

P the two blocks (when a = 2R) so that they do
Q. 139. The arrangement shown in figure is in equilibrium not have any acceleration. Assume that the he
with all strings vertical. The end A of the string horizontal surface is smooth.
is tied to a ring which can be slid slowly on the Q. 141. In the figure all pulleys (P1, P2, P3 …….) are
horizontal rod. Pulley P1 is rigidly fixed but P2 massless and all the blocks (1,2,3 …..) are
can move freely. A mass m is attached to the identical, each having mass m. The system
centre of pulley P2 through a thread. Pulleys and consist of infinite number of pulleys and blocks.
strings are mass less. Strings are light and inextensible and horizontal
A surfaces are smooth. Pulley P1 is moved to
left with a constant acceleration of a0. Find the
acceleration of block1. Assume the strings to
P1
remain horizontal.
P3
P2
P1
3
M 2
P2 a0 1

m Q. 142. A small disc P is placed on an inclined plane

forming an angle q with the horizontal and
(a) Which block will move up as A is moved imparted an initial velocity v0. Find how the
slowly to the right? velocity of disc depends on the angle f which its
(b) Will the block of mass m have horizontal velocity vector makes with the x axis (see figure).
displacement? The coefficient of friction is m = tan q and initially
p
(c) Is it possible, for a particular position of A, f0 = .
that M has no acceleration but m does have 2
an acceleration? If this happens when string
from P2 to A makes an angle q with vertical, P
find the acceleration of m at the instant.
v f
Q. 140. A smooth spherical ball of mass M = 2 kg is
resting on two identical blocks A and B as shown
in the figure. The blocks are moved apart with
q
same horizontal velocity V = 1 m/s in opposite
directions (see figure).
x
 NeWton’s LaWs 3.27

ANSWERS

(a) straight line (b) 22400 N

(b) Parabolic (c) 190400 N
20 m (d) T0 and F do not change. T will increase.
19. (a) No
4H
3. (b) 1 : 4
3g
F F
N = 12; Tension = = 2h
N 12 2
5. 16 N g
6. (i) (a) True
(b) True aA = aB = F ; ac = 0
2m
g
(ii) 22. 3M/5
5
q = 62.5°
(iii)
2 ηh 4. RA : RB : RC = 3 : 1 : 2
(η − 1)g K = 2 Sdg
5
2( M − m)L 26. (a) cms –1
7. t= 3
Mg
(b) 6 N
g 27. (a) 2, 4
(a) a =
4 (b) In both cases acceleration of the frame must be ‘g’.
g 15 m
(b) a =
5
6t
4 Mmg
+ M0 g 36 – p
M+m
v02
4m1m2 ; M = 8m1m2 30. m£
m0 = gL
m1 + m2 m1 + m2
31. 4 kg
All masses will fall down with acceleration g
4.8 kg
11. (a) More than 9/2 Mg
(b) Tension in S2 = Mg/2, Tension in S1 = 5 Mg 174 N
(c) Tension in S2 = Mg/6 1.5 kg m 9.5 kg
q 45°, g/2
5F
73.1 N m
12.5 s (a) At C
Mg
T = 2 Mg; N = (b) At C
2
(c) 2 m/s2 and 2 m/s2
Zero.
mmin = 1 (i) 15 <w 16.67 rad/s
(a) 6467 N (ii) 500 rad s–1
 3.28 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

8gt0 4
(a) It is mg.
15 3
(b) sin q
mmin =
8
— gt0
15
cos q + tan 2 q
2

(a) K = 2.5 N/cm

gt0
——
5
(b) No
(a) The block is at height h = 2.5 m
o 2t0 3t0 t
t0
(b) V = 5 2 m/s
(a) 80 N
(c) 25 m/s2 ( )
640 Zero
(b) N for both
9
2F
(a)
(a) m A = 1 K
mB 3
F
(b)
(b) Xmin = 0.75 m K
With pulley P1 having zero mass, equilibrium is not
(c) VA¢ = Ê 3 + 3 ˆ ms -1; VB¢ = Ê 3 - 1 ˆ ms -1 possible
ÁË 2 ˜ ÁË 2 ˜
2¯ 2¯
l
Mg È Ê 4ˆ ˘ 3
V0 = 4ln Á ˜ - 1˙
m ÍÎ Ë 3¯ ˚
(a) M
43. t2 g
(b) 3
Mg cos2 q
N12 =
1 + 2 sin 2 q p
. (a) q 0 =
3g sin q 4
a=
1 + 2 sin 2 q È Êpˆ Êp ˆ˘
(b) amax = g Ícos Á ˜ - sin Á ˜ ˙
1.0 s, 1.0 m Î Ë 8 ¯ Ë 8¯˚
(b) TP = 21.65 N (a) t > t1
(c) 3.05 kg
-1 Ê 1 ˆ
(b) q = tan Á ˜
Ë 12 ¯
5–2 2
a0 cos q
2 –1
10
1 2d t s
t= 3
sin θ sin φ g
(a) g sin q
5Mg
49. 1
2K (b)mg sin 2q
=
2
50. 2.9 s N = mg cos2 q
51. (a) Force between the wall and the middle ball is
maximum. It is 4 mg
(c) t =
(
2h M + m sin 2 q )
(b) Force between upper ball and wall is least. ( M + m ) g sin 2
q
 NeWton’s LaWs 3.29
 
65. (a) a A ⋅ aB = 0 immediately after release (b)
4k1k2 x0
k1 + k2
 g
(b) a A = (←) a=
g
; NAB = 0
2 2
(a) q 78. 3

Ê sin q ◊ cos q ˆ 6g
(b) tan -1 Á
Ë 2 - sin 2 q ˜¯ 47

(a) 2 mg 2 F0
T = 0.49 N
3L
(b) t = (a) Zero
2g
F1 F2
(b) =
g (sin q - m cos q ) g (sin q + m cos q ) 3m m
68. £a£
(cosq + m sin q ) (cosq - m sin q ) (c) To right
(a) q 13°
m 20
= = 16.7 (b) 37°
M 3 3–4
13
(a) (M + m) g sin a (a) s
7

(b)
( M + m ) g sin 2 a (b) 0.18
m + M sin a 2

-u 2 u4
Vmax = + + (2m gL )
2

M 1 2 4
=
m 5
k = 130 Nm–1; m = 0.5
48g
a0 = Ê 3a – 4 g ˆ
m=Á 0
Ë 4 a0 + 3g ˜¯
199
44 g
205 Êrˆ 1 + m2 - m
ÁË ˜¯ =
R min 1 + m2 + m
74.
2L
5
Mg È m cos q + sin q ˘
F= Í m + cos q - m sin q ˙
1 - m2 Î ˚
d 2 x2 3g
(a) =
dt 2 2 5 m/s2 a 7 m/s2
2 kg m 30 kg
d 2 x1 d 2 x2
(b) = 2 g; = 2g
dt 2 dt 2 960
(a) kg
95
d 2 x1 g d 2 x2 3g
(c) ; 480
dt 2 2 dt 2 2 (b) kg
61
4k1k2 x0 Dm
mmin = tan q
( k1 + k2 ) M
(a)
2m
 3.30 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

(i) 2.5 kg; 12.5 N 103. 2.45

Ê V0 2 ˆ
Á Rg - m ˜
50
(ii) N
3 (a) q 0 = tan -1 Á ˜
Á mV02 ˜
40 5 ÁË 1 + Rg ˜¯
(iii) N,a m/s2
3 3
(b) V1 = rg tanq 0
(iv) 5 m /s2 (c) Obtuse
6
(a) 22°
π 
M 0 = λR  – 1 (b) (i) 2315 N, 1389 N
2 

( )
1

H  R 2 µ2 g 2 − f 2  4 − V
(a) t =   0
x 0
f

(a) m =
3 +1
= 0.4
(V0 + ft )4
(b) m + f2
3+5 R2
(b) T
(a) 93.3 N
10
0.17 Mg (b) m/s2
7
0.1 Mg
(c) 4 m/s
0.07 Mg
F
X 5m
A B C D E

(c) Tmax = 0.17 Mg 109. (a) contact force = 0, acceleration of 4 kg block is

0.7 m/s2 and that of other block is zero
(i) (a) TBC = 10 N; TAB = 12 N; TAD = 7 N
(b) contact force = 1.4 N, acceleration of both = 0
(b) C = 0; B = 4N; A = 5N; D = 5N (c ) Contact force = 5.74 N, acceleration of both =
Ê 1 – m0 ˆ 1.27 m/s2
(ii) (a) T1 = Á T0
Ë 1 + m0 ˜¯ Ê 3 ˆ
q = cos-1 Á
Ë 41 ˜¯
2
Ê 1 – m0 ˆ 111. 30.1 s
(b) m2 =
ÁË 1 + m ˜¯ M 0
0

(a)
(
g 2 3 –1 )
w=
g R 3 3 +1 ( )
R

(b) g
g
w= (cosq - 2 sin q ) R
R
2
3mg
3
3m + 4 M

(a) F = sp R g (1 - cos q )
2 2
l
102. x = 0
2 sin q .cos q
0
3h – 1
 NeWton’s LaWs 3.31

( )
(b) F0 = 0 mg
127. Fmin = 3 −1
(c) 2 2
R = r (1 + 2 7) 3
128. (a) Fmax = m Mg
5l0 4
116.
4 (b) Between A and B
(c) 2, No
 
(a) a1 = g 1 – 4 M 129. (a) 2 ms–1
 m1 
(b) 2.1 kg
18 (a) T = N cos q
(b) m4 > kg
11
mg
(b)
 m + m1  M tan q + m cot q
F0 = 2mm2 g  2  ; increase
 2m2 + m1  R pm
(a) t = Èe - 1˘˚
119. Zero mu Î

(a) q = 45° from vertical diameter. u

(b) V =
eπµ
Ê ˆ
(b) T = 2 2 - 1 Mg
max Á p ˜ Ê v 2 cos q ˆ
2
Ë ¯
(a) mg cos q 1 + Á
Ë Rg ˜¯
121. Zero
21° < q < 33° tan q
fA (N) 2 r
(b) Ê v 2 cos q ˆ where tan q =
1+ Á 2p R
Ë Rg ˜¯
16
 g
34 t (s) 133. (a) a wedge = iˆ
O 3
2 12.67 23.33
-16 –g
a x block =
3
fB (N)
2g
a y block =
3
20
(b) The block hits the table normally.

4
O t (s)
2 12.67 34

ÈÊ mg ˆ ˘
124. q = 2 tan -1 ÍÁ 1 + ˜¯ cot a ˙
ÎË F ˚
3u2
(a) T0 = 2 Rg (c)
16 g
(b) At the lowest point
 1  g 1 + m2
sin −1   w≥
 3 Rm
 3.32 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

g Ê 1 ˆ
135. (a) w > q = tan -1 Á
l Ë 5 ˜¯

139. (a) Block with mass M will move up.

g 2g
(b) <w £ (b) yes
l l
(c) g (1 – cos q)
(c) 6g (a) (10 2 – 8) N
l
(b) (5 – 4 2)N
(d) parabolic
3a0
g
(a) 2
3
v0
(b) 3g 1 + cosf
. (a) [g2 R2 (m2 cos2 q – sin2 q)]1/4

(b) gR ( m cos q - sin q )

SOLUTIONS

 
1. (a) Initial velocity is parallel to F or anti parallel to F . Hence particle moves in a straight line and speed may
increase or decrease.
(b) Path is parabolic with speed increasing.
In case (a) the particle may retrace its path.
2. Just before striking the ceiling, retardation is 2 g. If air resistance force is R at this instant, then
v R

a R v
mg
mg

    ma = mg + R
m (2 g) = mg + R
    R = mg
After impact, the air resistance force will be upward but its magnitude will remain mg. This is because speed has
not changed.
After impact net force on the ball = 0
Ball will fall down with constant speed
H = (10 m/s) (2 s) = 20 m.
 NeWton’s LaWs 3.33

Attraction of the earth will produce an acceleration of g in the body. According to Newton’s third law the falling
g
body applies equal and opposite force on the earth. This will produce an acceleration of in the earth since mass
2
of the earth is twice that of the body.
3g
Relative acceleration of approach =
2
2H 4H
∴t = =
3g / 2 3g

F
Acceleration a =
Nm
Where m = mass of each cart.
Let, T1 = tension between 4th and 5th cart
Considering motion of last (N – 4) carts we get (N – 4) ma = T1 ….. (1)
Similarly, tension between 8th and 9th cart (T2) can be written considering the motion of last (N – 8) carts
(N – 8) ma = T2 .....….. (2)
As per the question T1 = 2T2
(N – 4) ma = 2 (N – 8) ma
N – 4 = 2N – 16
   N = 12
F
Tension in the last string T = ma =
N
5. Acceleration of the entire system is
F 40
a= =
m A + mB + mC + mD + mcart 2 + 2 + 1 + 1 + 4
Why does the cart accelerate? It is because of the force that D applies on it.
ND = mcart . a = 4 × 4 = 16 N
If m1 + m2 is accelerating down (m1 + m2)g – T1 = (m1 + m2)a
T1 = (m1 + m2) (g–a) And m2g –T2 = m2a
T2 = m2 (g – a) Q T1 > 3T2
(m1 + m2) (g – a) > 3 m2 (g – a)
m1 + m2 > 3 m2
m1 > 2 m2
The same result is obtained even if the system is moving in opposite direction.

The ratio of tension T1 & T2 is independent of mass m3.

T1
T1
m1

m1 g m3

T2
m3 g
m2

m2 g
 3.34 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

Let the heavier mass be x.

The other mass = M – x
xg – T = xa …………(i)
T – (M – x) g = (M – x) a …………(ii)
Eliminating x between the two equations we get
T Ta  g a 
T – mg + = Ma – ⇒ T 1 + +  = Ma + Mg
(g – a) g–a  g – a g – a

∴T =
(
M g2 – a2 )
2g

T T
M-x x

a
(M-x)g xg

Mg
Smaller ‘a’ means higher T. For a = 0, T =
2
Which is higher than permissible limit.
If a increases above zero, T decreases.

 24 
T must decrease to  mg or below it .
 50 
24
T ≤ Mg
50

(
M g2 – a2 ) ≤ 24 Mg ⇒ 1 − a 2
≤
24
2g 50 2 25
g
2
a 1 g
⇒ 2
≥ ⇒a≥
g 25 5

(iii) The load will travel through a distance h (rest to rest) in minimum time if it moves with maximum possible
acceleration (a1) and then retards with maximum possible retardation (a2). Obviously,
v

v0

t
t1 t2
 NeWton’s LaWs 3.35

(h - 1)w
a1 = = (h - 1)g
M
And a2 = g when tension in the rope = 0.
The v – t graph for the situation has been shown in the figure.
v0 = a1t1 = a2t2
(h – 1) gt1 = gt2 (h – 1)t1 = t2
Area under v – t graph = h
1
∴ (t1 + t2) v0 = h
2
1
[t1 + (h – 1)t1] (h – 1) gt1 = h
2
2h 2h
fi t12 = fi t1 =
gh(h - 1) gh(h - 1)

tmin = t1 + t2 = t1 + (h– 1)t1 = ht1
2hh
=
g(h - 1)
Mass of A; mA = M
Mass of B; mB = M – m
Acceleration of B after the insect falls is
 m – mB 
aB =  A g(↑)
 m A + mB 

mg
=
2M – m
Acceleration of the insect = g (Ø) mg 2 Mg
The two objects separate with a relative acceleration of a = g + =
2M – m 2M – m
1
∴ at 2 = L
2
 Mg  2
  t = L
2 M – m
(2 M − m ) L
t=
Mg

8. (a) The friction force between the bead and the string causes the tension to change in the string on the two sides of
the bead.

T2

Mg T1
2
a T2 T1
a

Mg Mg
 3.36 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

Mg
For the bead T2 = T1 + …..(1)
2
For the blocks T2 – Mg = Ma …..(2)
Mg – T1 = Ma …..(3)
(2) + (3) T2 – T1 = 2Ma
Mg g
Using (1) = 2 Ma ⇒ a =
2 4
(b) In this case acceleration of the bead is same as acceleration of the two blocks.
In above solution equation (1) changes to
Mg M
2 + T1 – T2 = 2 a

The other two equations remain same.

Solving the three equations we get
g
a =
5
9.

a
T T

m
M
mg
mg

For motion of the two masses we can write :

Mg – T = Ma…..(1)

T – mg = ma….. (2)
2 Mmg
Solving T=
M+m
Now we consider the equilibrium of the stand and pulley system

T T

M0 g

N = normal force between the stand and the scale = Reading of the scale N = 2T + Mog

 NeWton’s LaWs 3.37

4 Mmg
N= + M0 g
M+m
10 Tension in string connecting m1 and m2 is
2m1m2
T= g
m1 + m2
m0g = 2T [for equilibrium of m0]

4 m1m2
m0 =
m1 + m2

For equilibrium of M
Mg = 4T

8m1m2
M=
m1 + m2

11. (a) Weight of the system = 9/2 Mg.

The support of the string S2 applies a downward force (T2)
9
Tension in S1 is Mg + T2
2
(b)

S1

T'1 T'1
B
D
T2 Mg T2
T1

C
2Mg

For pulley B, 2T2 + Mg = T1’ ...............(1)

M
For insect T1 ’= g + T1 ...............(2)
2
For C T1 + T2 = 2 Mg ...............(3)

Mg
Solving T2 =
2

9
Tension in S1 = Mg + T2 = 5Mg
2
 3.38 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

(c)
S1

T1
T'1
T'1
B

T2 Mg T2

C
2 Mg

The equations are

2T2 + Mg = T´1 …………(1)
M
T1´ + g = T1 …………(2)
2
T1 + T2 = 2Mg ................(3)
(1) + (2) + (3)
Mg
3T2 =
2
Mg
T2 =
6
a = g sin q
1
ax = g sin q cos q =
g sin 2q
2
g
(a x )max
2
When 2q = 90°
q = 45°
In reference frame of ground acceleration of snake is 8 m/s2 ( ) and that of the insect is 12 m/s2 ( ).
f2

f1

insect

mg

f1

Snake
Elevator
wall Mg

For insect
1– mg = m(12)
 NeWton’s LaWs 3.39

[ 1= friction between insect and snake]

 50 
f1 =  kg × 22 = 1.1N
 1000 

For snake
ƒ2 – Mg – ƒ1 = M (8)
[ƒ2 = friction between snake and elevator]
ƒ2 = 4 × 18 + 1.1 = 73.1N

kVT2 = mg
V m1 1 1
T 1 = = =
VT 2 m2 4 2
h / 25 1
= [h = height from which bodies have been dropped]
h/t 2
t = 12.5 s

−1  2 r 
The thread makes an angle of sin   = 45° with the vertical.
 2r 

2r

2N
N

If N is normal force by each wall on the cylinder

T
2N =
2
T
And Mg =
2
T = 2Mg

Mg
And N =
2

17.
N1

N2 N1
Mg

N3

45° f
 3.40 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

For Ball N1 = N 2 And N1 = Mg N1 = 2 Mg

2 2
For Wedge N 3 = N1 = Mg
2
Wedge will not move if

N1
fmax ≥
2

2 Mg m
mMg ≥
1
2
18. Considering the helicopter + Box as our system:
F – (M + m)g = (M + m)a

F = (M + m) (g + a)
= 17000 × 11.2 = 190400 N
For helicopter alone
F – Mg – T0 = Ma
T0 = F – Mg – Ma
= 190400 – 15000 × 11.2
= 22400 N
And T0 = 4T cos q …(1)
T0

T q
T
T

2
 a
a2 –  
 2
T0 = 4T

a
T0 = 2 3T
22400
T 6467 N
2 3
If the strings are fixed at PQRS, value of cos q in equation (1) will decrease.
T will increase

T0 and F will not change
 NeWton’s LaWs 3.41

q
T

T'
f

mg

T cos q = mg …...... (1)

and T sin q = T´ …...... (2)
[T´ = max when the block is about to slide]
When q increases, T will increase (equation.1)
From (2) T´ will increase and the block will slide.
(b) Before string is cut tension in wire is [equation … (1)]
mg
T1 = = 2 mg
cos 60∞

T2

mg sin  mg cos 
mg

After the string is cut, tension in wire is

mg T2 1

T2 = mg cos 60° = =
2 T1 4
20. Acceleration of the two blocks

mg sin 60° − mg sin 30°  3 − 1 

a= =
 4 
g
3m  
If the two blocks move a distance x along respective inclines in time t
1 2
x= at
2
The centre of two blocks will be at equal height if

x sin 60° + x sin 30° = h
 3 1
x +  =h
 2 2

1  3 – 1 2  3 + 1
2  4 
gt   =h
 4 
 3.42 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

16h 8h
t2 = =

( 3 –1 )( )
3 +1 g g

h
t=2 2
g
21. Block ‘C’ will not move as net horizontal force on it is zero.
F
T

T F

Horizontal forces on C have been shown in the fig.

Accelerations of A and B are same equal to

F
a=
2m
22. Hint: When m is maximum possible take limiting friction to be down the incline and when m is minimum take the
limiting friction to be up the incline.

2s 2l sec q
t= =
a g(sin q - m cos q )

2l
=
g(sin q cos q - m cos2 q )

This is minimum when the z = sin q cos q – m cos2 q is maximum.

dz
= 0 gives q = 62.5°
dq

24.
N1 N2
A N1 N2 B
F C
RC RB
RA F
30°

mg mg mg

N1
For A: F = N1 sin 30° = … (1)
2
 mg  3
And RA = mg + N1 cos 30° = mg + 2 
 2 3  2
.

3
= mg … (2)
2
N
For B: F = N2 sin 30° = 2
2
mg
N2 = 2F = …(3)
3
 NeWton’s LaWs 3.43

mg 3 mg
And RB = mg – N2 cos 30° = mg – =
. ...........(4)
3 2 2
For C: N1 sin 30° = N2 sin 30°

mg [from (3)] ...........(5)

N1 = N2 =
3
And RC + N1 cos 30° = N2 cos 30° + mg
RC = mg ...........(6)
3 1
RA : RB : RC =
: :1 = 3 :1: 2
2 2
25. Mass of water added when the level of water rises by x (wrt container)
m = 2Sxd
The spring stretches by x so that the level of water does not change wrt ground.
Kx = 2Sxdg
K = 2Sdg
26.
(a) Displacement (and hence speed) of each point on the spring will be proportional to its distance from the wall.
1 5
Speed of the particle. V = 5 × = cm / s
3 3
(b) The free end moves by 10 cm in 2.0 s
Tension in the spring = Kx = 0.6 × 10 = 6 N
Hint : The resultant of mg and the pseudo force ma must be along the diagonal or they must add to zero.
u2
x=
2m g
u2
For Car without ABS 20 =
2 m k .g
u2
For Car with ABS x=
2m s g
x mk
=
20 m s

x = 20 × 0.75 = 15 m
29. On flat road
1 2
S= at
2
1
S= m gt 2 [Q amax = mg]
2
1 2 Q
S= gt [m = 1]
2
On inclined road
a´ = g (m cos q – sin q)
= g (cos q – sin q)
= g (1 – q) [for small angle cos q 1, sin q q]
 3.44 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

1
S a´t´2
2

t
1 2 1  π 
gt = g(1 - q )t ¢ 2 t´ = p Q5º = 36 rad 
2 2 1-  
36
6t
=
36 – π
30. Time required to pull out the cloth is
L
t0 =
v0
If we observe the motion of the block in the reference frame of the cloth, it has initial velocity v0 ( ) and acceleration
mg ( ).
Note that friction between the block and the cloth is kinetic friction since the cloth moves at speed v0 but initial
velocity of the block is zero.

L
In the reference frame of the cloth the displacement of the block (taking left as positive) should exceed at or
before t0. 2

1 L
v0t0 – mgt02 ≥
2 2
2
1 Ê Lˆ L
L – mg Á ˜ ≥
2 Ë v0 ¯ 2

L 1 L2
≥ mg 2
2 2 v0

v02
≥m
gL
Block starts to move when F 6N
N

f
mg

If means max = 6N
When F = 18N, acceleration is 3ms–2.
F – max = ma
[Once the motion starts the friction remains constant at 6N]
18 – 6 = m × 3 m = 4 kg
In this case ms > mk
Block does not accelerate till F = 6 N.
ms N = 6 ms mg = 6N
Once F becomes slightly larger than 6N, the block has an acceleration a = 0.5 ms–2
 NeWton’s LaWs 3.45

6N

fk
mg

6 – mk. mg = m. (0.5) …....(1)

When F = 18N
18 – mk mg = m (3) …....(2)
Subtracting equation – (1) from (2) gives 12 = (2.5) (m)
12
m 4.8 kg
2.5

Acceleration of the platform

 
dv
ap =
= 2iˆ + ˆj + 3kˆ
dt
Horizontal and vertical acceleration

aH = 4 + 1 = 5 m/s2

av = 3 m/s2
Normal force on the block

N = m (g + av) = 1 × 13 = 13N
Maximum possible friction = mN
= mm (g + av)
Maximum acceleration that friction can provide
amax = m(g + av) = 0.2 × 13 = 2.6 m/s2

Q amax > aH

Block will not slide on the platform.

Value of friction force on the block
= maH = 5 N

Force by the platform on the block is

F = N 2 + f 2 = 169 + 5 = 174 N
Component of weight of 10 kg block down the incline is = 10 g sin 37° = 60 N
Maximum friction on the block is m10g cos 37° = 40 N
The block on the incline will not slide down until weight of the hanger + weight in it does not remain below
60 – 40 = 20 N. It means the additional mass in the hanger shall not be less than 1.5 kg.
The block on the incline will not slide up until weight of the hanger + weight in it does not exceed 60 + 40 = 100
N. It means the additional mass in the hanger should not exceed 9.5 kg.
35. For pulley 2F = ma
For particle F = ma’
Hence, a = 2a´ = 2 F/m
 3.46 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

Acceleration of the point of application of the force is = 2a + a’ = 5a/2 = 5F/m

36. (a) The inclination of friction force with the tangent will go on increasing because the tangential acceleration is
constant but the radial acceleration goes on increasing
Normal force (i.e., normal acceleration) of the particle is constant.
v2
∴ = Const.
R
[v = speed
R = radius of curvature of the path]

R is increasing, hence v is increasing.

Component of acceleration along the tangent must be in the direction of velocity. Correct representation is at C.
Representation B means speed is decreasing and A means speed is not changing.
 dv
(c ) a = = 2 ˆj
dt
Rate of change of speed = tangential acceleration =

a.v 4t
=
v 16 + 4t 2
At t = 2s , tangential acceleration at = 2 m/s2

( 2)
2
an = a 2 – at2 = 22 –
= 2 ms –2

(i) If value of mw2r (centrifugal force) + max is less than T (= Mg), block A will slide radially inward.


m r

r T
fmax

Mg

m (w2r)min + max = Mg
2
(w r)min = 20 – 0.5 × 10 = 15N ..........…(1)
2
Also, if value of mw r is higher then max + Mg, the block A will slide radially outward.
w

T
mw r
2

fmax

Mg
 NeWton’s LaWs 3.47

m (w r)max = Mg + max
(w2r)max = 20 + 5 = 25 N .........…(2)
If r = 1.0 m
w2min = 15   from (1)
And w2max = 25   from (2)
If r = 1.5m
15
w 2 min = = 10
1.5
25
w 2 max = = 16.67
1.5
Because r can be anywhere between 1.0 and 1.5 m, hence to be absolutely sure that A does not slip it is required
that
15 < w2 < 16.67
15 < ω < 16.67
(ii) Increase in length of the spring
1 2 × 3.14 × 20
∆l = (2πR) × = cm
100 100
= 1.26 cm
Tension in the spring T = k l
1.26
= 100 ×
= 1.26 N
100
If we consider a small element on the spring having angular width q, the centripetal force to its is provided by
the tension.
Dq
2T .sin = l ( R Dq )w 2 . R
2
For q 0
Dq
2T = l R 2 Dq .w 2
2
T 1.26
w2 = =
lR 2
0.126 ¥ 10 -3 ¥ (0.2)2
102
Þ fiw = = 500 rad s –1
0.2

T T
Dq

38. m1
r
F12 m2
r1 F21

r2

O
 3.48 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced


Let F12 = force on m1 due to m­2

F21 = force on m2 due to m1

d 2 r1 
m1 2 F12
dt

d 2 r2 
m2 2 F21
dt
2
 2
  
d r d r F F
2
2
– 21 = 21 – 12
dt dt m2 m1
 
(
d 2 r2 – r1 ) = F + F
21 21
 
Q F 12 = – F 21 
dt 2 m m  
2 1


d 2r  1 1  
∴ 2 =
+  F 21
dt  m1 m2 
1 1 1
= +
m m1 m2

d 2 r 
\ m 2 = F21
dt
(a) Let mass of each block be m.
Acceleration after block 1 gets detached is
 3m – 2m 
a1 = 
 3m + 2 m 
g

g
=
5
gt
Speed acquired in time t0 V1 = 0 + a1t0 = 0
5
At this moment block 2 gets detached and the masses on two sides become equal. The speed remains constant
for next interval t0
 2m – m  g
Then block 3 falls. Acceleration becomes a2 =   g=
 2m + m  3
Speed at time t0 after block 3 falls is
gt gt 8 gt0
V2 = V1 + a2 t0 = 0 + 0 =
5 3 15
Now block 4 falls and once again the acceleration becomes zero.
8gt0
final speed for 5 and 6 is V2 =
(b) 15
v

8
— gt0
15

g0
— t0
5

o t0 2 t0 3 t0 t

 NeWton’s LaWs 3.49

40. (a) Net force on B in downward direction = 20 N

Tension in string = 80 N
A will remain at rest and will feel his true weight.
(b) Hint: Let acceleration of A be ‘a’ in downward direction. Then acceleration of the rope where B is holding it
will be ‘a’. This means the acceleration of B is (4-a) in downward direction( rope is slipping from his hand).
Write equation of motion for both the monkeys and solve.
From Newton’s third law the particles exert equal and opposite force on one another.
mAaA = mBaB
m a 2 1
A = B = =
mB a A 6 3
(b) Till x = x0, A does not move and B moves uniformly.
The two particles will be nearest when both have same velocity. Let this happen at a time t1 after B reaches at
a separation x0 = 1.0 m to A.
A 2 m/s B
1.0 m
A V B
V
6 ms–2 2 ms–2
Xmin

VA = VB
0 + 6t1 = 2 – 2t1
1
t1 s
4
1 3 –1
VA = VB = V (say) = 6 × = ms
4 2
Let displacement of A and B be XA and XB by time t1
2
1 1  1 3
X A = × 6 × t12 = × 6 ×   = m
2 2  4 16

2
1 2  1 7
X B = 2t1 – × 2 × t12 = –   =
2 4  4 16
Xmin = 1.0 + XA – XB = 0.75 m
(c) The particles continue to repel till distance between them becomes 1.0 m. Let this happen a time t after they
attain minimum separation.
3 1 2 3 1 2
 2 t + 2 × 6 × t  –  2 t + 2 × 2 × t  = 0.25
1
t=
8
Final velocities are
3 1  3 3  −1
VA ´ = + 6. = +  ms
2 8 2 2

3 1  3 1  −1
VB ´ = – 2. = –  ms
2 8 2 2
 3.50 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

42. Time required to empty the bucket B

M
t0 =
m
Mass of B at time ‘t’
= 2M – mt
 m – mB 
Acceleration at time t is a =  A
g
 m A + mB 
È2 M – (2 M – m t )˘˚ g
=Î
2 M + 2 M – mt
mt
= g
4 M – mt

If v is the speed of the buckets at time ‘t’

dv Ê m t ˆ
= g
dt ÁË 4 M – m t ˜¯
vo to
(4 M – mt ) dt + 4 Mg t o
dt
Ú dv = – Ú g

o o
4 M – mt Ú 4M – m
o

4 Mg
ÈÎln ( 4 M – Mt )˘˚ o
t
Vo = – gto –

m o

Èln ( 4 M – m to ) - ln ( 4 M )˘˚
4 Mg
= – gto –
m Î
Q mto = M
4 Mg
\ V0 = – gto – Èln (3 M ) – l n ( 4 M )˘˚
m Î
4 Mg Ê 4 ˆ
= – gto + lnÁ ˜
m Ë 3¯

Mg È Ê 4ˆ ˘  M
=
Í 4ln Á ˜ – 1˙ Qto = 
m Î Ë 3¯ ˚  µ

43. Let the mass of the chain be m and its length be L

The mass of unit length of the chain= m/L
When a part of the chain of length x is hanging, the acceleration of the chain will equal to

a=
( m / L ) xg = gx
m L
Initially, when x = L/2 , the acceleration equals g/2, but then it increases.
After identical masses M are attached to the ends of the chain, then acceleration at the moment when a length x of
the chain is hanging will be
 ML 
gx  ( )
( m / L ) xg + Mg m +
a´ = = x 
 
m + 2M L  m + 2M 
 
 NeWton’s LaWs 3.51

To decide whether a is larger or a’ let us assume

a > a’
 ML 
 (m) + x  ML
1>   ⇒ m + 2M > m +
 m + 2M  x
 
2x > L, which is true.
Hence, the chain without the balls will slip off faster.
44. Let the acceleration of wedge be ‘a’ down the incline.
Sum of masses of all rectangular blocks
= Mo = M + M + M + M + ...............
2 4 8
 1 1 1 
  = M 1 + + + + .............
 2 4 8 
1
=M = 2M
 1
 1 – 
  2

For finding a we can treat the system as shown below.

Acceleration of Mo will be a sin q ( )
Mo
q
N2
M N1

a
q
a Mg

For wedge N2 = (N1 + Mg) cos q ...............(1)

And (N1 + Mg) sin q = Ma ...............(2)
For Mo
N1

a sinq
M0g

Mo g – N1 = Mo a sin q

2Mg – N1 = 2 M a sin q--------------(3)
Multiply (3) with sin q and add to (2)
3Mg sin q = Ma (1 + 2 sin2 q)
3g sin q
\a =
1 + 2 sin 2 q
Acceleration of rectangular blocks
3g sin 2 q
= a sin q Ø =
() 1 + 2 sin 2 q
()
Ø
 3.52 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

Mass of all rectangular blocks except 1 is M. Replace blocks 2, 3, 4, 5, ………… with a single block of mass M
Considering motion of this mass M,
Mg – N12 = Ma sin q

3 Mg sin 2 q
\ N12 = Mg –
1 + 2 sin 2 q

Mg ÈÎ1 – sin 2 q ˘˚ Mg cos2 q

= =
ÈÎ1 + 2 sin 2 q ˘˚ 1 + 2 sin 2 q

45. Acceleration of the system

1
m1g sin 30° − m2 g 4 × 10 × 2 − 1 × 10 2
a= = = 2 m/s
m1 + m2 4 +1
N12
a1 =
a
a2=a 60° M

1 a sinq

Mg
Acceleration of block 1 wrt particle 2 is
  
a12 = a1 – a 2

a12 = a 2 + a 2 + 2.a.a cos 60°

= 3 a = 2 3 m/s2
a1
30°

-a2

a12

a12 makes an angle of 30° with the vertical.
This means that to particle 2, block 1 appears to move in a direction making an angle of 30° to the vertical
(Along line AB)
A

300
c
d

dmin B
motion of 1
2 as observed by 2

Drop perpendicular from 2 on to the line AB. Length of this perpendicular is the desired minimum distance.
1
∴ dmin = d sin 30° = 2 × = 1.0 m
2
Time required to reach this position is calculated as
1
a t 2 = ( AC )
2 12
 NeWton’s LaWs 3.53

1
× 2 3 × t 2 = 2 cos 30°
2
t2 = 1
t = 1.0 s.
46. (a) If we consider the horizontal equilibrium of any segment of the chain, one can easily show that horizontal
component of tension is same everywhere.
(b) Considering equilibrium of entire chain
TA
TA sin 60°

TA cos 60°

TB sin 30°
TB

TB Cos 30°
Mg y
x
TA cos 60° = TB cos 30° = (X component of tension everywhere)
TA = 3 TB ---------------- (1)
And TA sin 60° + TB sin 30° = Mg

3 T
TA + A = Mg [using (1)]
2 2 3

3Mg
∴ TA =
2

Mg
And TB
2
Considering equilibrium of segment AP
TA
TA sin 60°

60°
TA cos 60° A

mg

q P TP cos 15°
q
TP
TP sin 15°

Horizontal component of tension must be same everywhere

TP cos 15° = TA cos 60°

TP × 0.96 = 3 [M = 4.8 kg, g = 10 m/s2]

Mg
4
 3.54 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

TP = 21.65 N
(c) Considering vertical equilibrium of AP
mg + TP sin 15° = TA sin 60°
3
mg = Mg – 21.65 × sin 15°
4
3 21.65
m = × 4.8 − × 0.25
4 10
14.4 − 2.165
= = 3.05 kg
4

47. Fig. (a) shows component of tension (acting on A) along horizontal and vertical. Fig. (b) shows forces along the line
of greatest slope (XX’) and perpendicular to the incline. In equilibrium
T = mg [considering block B] -------(1)
X

T sina
T T

2

A Q
T
T cosa 
2

X'
Fig (a)

Mg T  2 – 1
N= – = Mg  
2 2  2  ------------(2)
Forget about the friction for a moment.
T
T sin a =
2
T T
cos q =
2 2 X
T
N sin q= T
2 2

q=
in
M gs
Mg
q Mg cos q =
2
X'
Mg
Fig (b)
Unbalanced force along XX´ =
Mg T  2 – 1
– = Mg   ...............(3)
2 2  2 
T Mg
And there is a force along AQ = = ...............(4)
2 2
The friction will balance the resultant of the force given by (3) and (4)
 NeWton’s LaWs 3.55

The resultant has been shown in fig. (c)

X

 2  1
Mg 
 2 
 

Mg
2
R
Fig (c)

2
 2 – 1  1 
2
∴ f = Mg   +  
 2  2

5–2 2
= Mg
2
mN

5–2 2 Ê 2 – 1ˆ
Mg £ m Á ˜ Mg
2 Ë 2 ¯

5–2 2
⇒ ≤µ
2 −1
49. Block will move up when tension in the string becomes larger than Mg.
Tension in string = Tension in cord AB
Mg
Mg = Kx, [x1= extension in AB] x1 =
K
x
If AB stretches by x1, the pulley moves up by 1 .
2
Tension in cord CD = twice the tension in string
Kx2 = 2Mg [x2 = extension in CD]

2 Mg
x2 =
K

End D moves up by a distance
x1
= x2 +
2
2 Mg Mg
= +
K 2K
5Mg
=
2K
 3.56 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

50. Mass of A = 8 kg
Mass of B = 1 kg
F
Acceleration of (A + B); a 2 m/s2.
9 kg
We will solve the problem in the reference frame attached to the blocks (A + B). In this frame acceleration of C is
2.0 m/s2 ( )
Time required for C to travel a distance of 4.0 m is given as
1
4.0 =
× a × t12 ⇒ t1 = 2.0 sec
2
[Q a = 2 m/s2]
Velocity of C at this time is
u = at1 = 2 × 2 = 4 m/s ( )
Now, the block C falls off the edge of A. Its motion in our reference frame has horizontal acceleration of 2 m/s2 (
and a vertical acceleration of (g = 10 m/s2). Time needed to fall through a height of 2.0 m is given by
1
2.0 = gt22
2
t2 = 0.4 = 0.63 sec
Horizontal distance travelled in this time interval is
1 2
x = ut + at
2
1
= 4 × 0.63 = × 2 × (0.63)2 = 2.92 m
2
This is larger than width of block B. It means C will fall off the edge of A and land directly on the ground.
Time of fall can be directly calculated as
1
4.0 =
× g × t32 t3 = 0.8 = 0.9 sec
2

Total time needed to hit the ground is

t1 + t3 = 2 + 0.9 = 2.9 sec
51.

r q

2R

r + r + 2 r cos q = 2 R

R
\1 + cosq =
r
 NeWton’s LaWs 3.57

9 4 3
cos q = - 1 = fi sin q =
5 5 5

N4
N6
N6
N3
N5

N5
N2 N1

Various contact forces are as shown.
Considering all 3 balls together
N1 = 3 mg ..............(1)
And N2 + N4 = N3 ..............(2)
Vertical equilibrium of lowest ball
N5 sin q + mg = N1
3
∴ N 5 . = 2 mg
5
10
N5 mg
3
Vertical equilibrium of top ball
N6. sin q = mg

5
⇒ N6 = mg
3

Horizontal equilibrium of top ball
5 4 4
N 4 = N 6 cosq = mg ¥ = mg

3 5 3
Horizontal equilibrium of middle ball

Ê 5 10 ˆ 4
N 3 = ( N 6 + N 5 ) cosq = Á + ˜ mg = 4mg

Ë3 3 ¯ 5

4 8
From (1) N 2 = 4mg – mg = mg
3 3
Hence N3 is largest and its value is 4 mg
4

N4 is smallest and its value is mg
3
52. Bead on wire AC can remain at rest relative to the wire even if the wire is smooth. This is not possible with the other
bead (It will become clear when we draw the force diagram). Let’s first study the equilibrium of bead on AC in the
reference frame of the wooden block.
 3.58 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

N cos q
A
N

ma N sin q ma = pseudo force

mg q C
N sin q = ma
N cos q = mg
a
fi tan q =
fi a = g tan q ..............(1)
g

This must be the acceleration of the block. Now we will study the equilibrium of the other bead in reference frame
attached to the block.
N1 f

q
sin
g q
m s
co
g
m
q
mg

There are two other force perpendicular to the plane of the fig.
(1) Pseudo force ma that is perpendicularly into the plane of the fig.
(2) Another component of normal force N2 that is perpendicular to the plane of the fig.
(coming out towards you)
N1 = mg cos q
N2 = ma = mg tan q
And = mg sin q

But f £ m N12 + N 22

mg sin q
m mg cos2 q + tan 2 q

sin q £m
cos2 q + tan 2 q

53. (a) As per the problem, the string loses tension if platform goes up by2 cm.
It means the initial stretch in the spring was 4 cm (Why?)
At the instant block of mass m loses contact, the stretch in the spring is 8 cm.
k (8 cm) = mg
2 × 10 N
∴k = = 2.5 N/cm
8 cm
(b) No
The block of mass m will remain in equilibrium. It will gradually move up so that the spring does not stretch
further.
 NeWton’s LaWs 3.59

54. (a) Mass of A = mass of monkey.

Tension is actually the friction force between the hands of the monkey and the rope. Since forces on the monkey
and the block are identical hence they will have same acceleration
When monkey falls through ‘h’ the block also falls through ‘h’
Hence, the block is at height h from the floor at the moment the monkey hits the ground.
(b) To keep the monkey at rest, tension T = mg
Downward acceleration of the block is given by
2 Ma = 2 Mg – T
g
∴a = = 5 m/s2
2
Speed of the block at the instant it hits the ground is
V2 = 0 + 2a (2h)
  V = 2 × 5 × 2 × 2.5 = 5 2 m/s
(c) At the instant the block crosses the monkey its downward velocity is
Vo = 2 ah = gh = 5 m/s
After this the block must retard with a = 5 m/s2 so as to stop after moving through a further distance h.
Tension in the rope increases to T’ such that
g
T´ – 2 Mg = 2M 2
T´ = 3 Mg
Upward acceleration of the monkey will be given by
T´ – Mg = Ma
a = 2 g
g
Rope on the side of the monkey will have acceleration in downward direction.
2
Acceleration of the monkey relative to the rope is
g
= 2 g + = 5 ↑
2
g
2
()
= 25 m/s2 ( )
Let the top spring stretch by x.
Since net force on bar B1 must be zero (Q it has zero mass), hence the two spring connected below B1 will get stretched
x
by each.
2
x
Similarly, one can argue that the next layer of four springs will have extension of each and so on
4
(a) Displacement of top point A will be
x x x
x A = x + + + + ................
2 4 8
 
 1 
= x  
1 – 1 
 2
F
= 2x = 2
K
 3.60 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

(b) Displacement of B1
F
XB1 = 2x – x = x =
K

a1

mg

2T
a2

2mg

Friction between the bead and the thread = tension in the string carrying the bead = T (say)
For bead
mg – T = ma1 .................(1)
For block
2 mg – 2T = 2 m a2
mg – T = ma2 .................(2)
From (1) and (2)
a1 = a2 = a (say)
The end of the string below the bead will move up with acceleration of 2a as the block goes down with acceleration
of a.
Hence relative acceleration of the bead and the end of the string = 3a
1
\l =
( 3a ) t 2 .................(3)
2
The block falls through
1 l
s = at 2 = [from (3)]

2 3
59.

T1
T1
T1 P2

A 2T1

P1
mg
T2 T2
B

mg
 NeWton’s LaWs 3.61

(a) For equilibrium

T1 = Mg
And T2 = mg
But 2T2 = 2T1 (for equilibrium of pulley P1)
m = M
(b) When m = 2M, let acceleration of A be a (-).

Acceleration of pulley P2 will be

a
2
(↓)
a
Acceleration of P1 = acceleration of P2 = ↓ .
2
( )

Acceleration of B = 2 × acceleration of P2 = a ( ).
For pulley P1; 2T1 = 2T2 T1 = T2 ...............(1)
For A; T1 – Mg = Ma ...............(2)
For B; 2Mg – T2 = 2Ma ...............(3)
Solving (1), (2) and (3)
g
a =
3

60. (a)
F
N
F

q
sin
mg

q mg cos q

For block to accelerate up the incline
F > mg sin q
For block to remain in contact
F < mg cos q
This is possible only if q < 45°
p
\ q o = 45∞ =
4

qo p
(b) If \ q o = = , maximum allowed value of F
2 8
so that block does not lose contact is
 π
F = mg cos  
 8

π π
∴ mamax = mg cos   − mg sin  
8 8
 3.62 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

 π  π 
∴ amax = g cos   − sin   
 8  8 

61. When A is fixed

1
S= ( g sinq ) t 2 [S = length of incline] ----- (1)
2

When A is free to move
In reference frame attached to A. The acceleration of B will be given by

mg
ma = mg sin q +
cos q
4

g
m—
4

a
mg q

1 Ê 1 ˆ 2
\S = g Á sin q + cos q ˜ t´
2 Ë 4 ¯
2
1 Ê 1 ˆÊ tˆ t
= g Á sin q + cos q ˜ Á ˜ [Q t´ = ] -----(2)
2 Ë 4 ¯ Ë 2¯ 2

From (1) and (2)

Ê 1 ˆ1
sin q = Á sin q + cos q ˜
Ë 4 ¯4

1
3 sin q = cos q
4
1
tanq =
12

62. Let the horizontal and vertical directions be X and Y directions respectively.

a A = ao cos q î + ao sin q ĵ

a B = ao sin q ĵ (since length of string is constant)

fi a AB = ao cos q î
 NeWton’s LaWs 3.63

63.
T
T B
f2
f2
A

f3
a f1 = 0.55010 = 250N

For block B to move slowly T = 1 = 250 N.

Maximum possible friction on shoes of the man
Sol.63
2 max = 0.6 × 500 = 300N
For man to remain at rest relative to the ground
2 = T = 250 N
Acceleration of platform A is
30. a = 2 – 3
30. a = 250 – 0.2 × 800
a = 3 m/s2
Man will fall off the platform once he moves 5m.
Hence, time required is given by

1 2
at = 5
2
1
× 3 × t2 = 5
2

10
t s
3
64. (a) In this case the mass (M + m) will slide down the incline with acceleration
a = g sin q
(b) The horizontal and vertical components of the above acceleration are
ax = g sin q. cos q
ay = g sin q sin q
ax

q ay
in
gs q

y
For motion of block A
N
ax A

ay f
mg
 3.64 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

= max
= mg sin q . cos q
= 1 mg sin 2θ
2
And mg – N = may
N = mg – mg sin2 q = mg. cos2 q
(c) In case of no friction, the wedge slides down the incline with acceleration a and the small block will move
vertically down with acceleration a sin q.
N N0 N N0
A
s i nq
N)
mg a Mg g+
q (M q (Mg + N) cos q
a sin q

For Block: mg – N = ma sin q ….. (1)

For Wedge: No = (Mg + N) cos q
and (Mg + N) sin q = Ma ….. (2)
Solving (1) and (2)
( M + m)g sin q
a=
M + m sin 2 q
acceleration of the block = a sin q

=
( M + m ) g sin 2 q
M + m sin q
2

Now, for displacement of the block

1 Ê ( M + m ) g sin q ˆ 2
2

h=
2 ÁË M + m sin 2 q ˜¯
t

(
2h M + m sin 2 q )
t =
( M + m ) g sin 2
q

65.
(a) Immediately after release none of the blocks have any speed.

a A is towards ( )

a B is
 
A .a B = a A .aB .cos 90° = 0
∴ a
(b) Immediately after release, the constraint that length of string is constant means that
 
a A = a B = a(say)
For B:
Mg – T = Ma ….. (1) [Normal force between the blocks is zero]
For A:
T = Ma …..(2)
(1) + (2) gives
a = g/2
 NeWton’s LaWs 3.65

(a) The block will slide down with an acceleration a = g sin q

For the ball to have same acceleration, the thread shall be perpendicular to the incline. Tension will balance
mg cos q and the ball will have a resultant force of mg sin q down the incline.
It means that the thread makes an angle q to the vertical.
1
(b) The acceleration of the block is a = g sinq . In reference frame of the block there is a pseudo force (= ma) on
the ball. 2

a
ma
a T
q

mg q

Taking equilibrium in horizontal and vertical direction –

T sin a = ma cos q …..(i)
T cos a + ma sin q = mg
T cos a = mg – ma sin q ….. (ii)
Taking ratio of (i) and (ii)
1
g sin q .cos q
a cos q
tan a = =2
g - a sin q 1
g - g sin 2 q
2
sin q .cos q
tan a =
2 - sin 2 q

-1 Ê sin q .cos q ˆ
a = tan ÁË ˜
2 - sin 2 q ¯

67. (a) Let acceleration of wedge be ao.

In the reference frame attached to the wedge, the block is at rest.
N cos q

N sin q ma0

q mg

N sin q = mao ….. (1)

N cos q = mg ….. (2)
ao
(1) ∏ (2) gives tanq =
g
\ ao = g tan q = g tan 45° = g
\ Force on wedge Fo = 2m.g
 3.66 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

(b) F = 1.5 × 2 mg = 3 mg
Let ao = acceleration of wedge
a = acceleration of block relative to wedge (up along the incline)
sq
a
co
N ma 0

ma0

q
sin q
mg sin
ma 0
q mg

mg
co
sq
N = mg cos q + mao sin q ….....(1)
ma = mao cos q – mg sin q
a = ao cos q – g sin q ….....(2)
For wedge
N sin q

N cos q N
a0
R 3 mg

mg

3mg – N sin q = mao

\ N sin q = 3mg – mao….. (3)
Eliminating N between (1) and (3) and writing
1
sin 45° = cos 45° = , we get
2
5
ao = g
3
Putting in (2), we get

2g
a
3
L
The block will fall off the wedge after moving through a distance up the incline.
2
L 1 2
\ = at
2 2
3L
⇒ t =
2
2g

3L
t = 2g
 NeWton’s LaWs 3.67

68. Figure shows the free body diagram of the sleeve in a reference frame attached to the rod when a is small, the rod
has a tendency to slide down, hence friction is up the rod.
N
µN

ma cos q

ma

q
sin
mg

ma
mg

sin
mg

co

q
sq
For the minimum value of a for which the sleeve does not slide, friction will take its maximum possible value,
i.e., mN
N = m (a sin q + g cos q)

and mN + ma cos q = mg sin q
mm (a sin q + g cos q) + ma cos q = mg sin q

a=g
(sin q - m cosq )

(cosq + m sin q )
This is the minimum value of a for which the sleeve does not slide.

ma cos q

ma
µN

q
sin
mg
ma
mg

sin

mg
co

q
sq

When a increases the sleeve has a tendency to move up.

Thus friction is directed down the rod.
a is maximum when friction is mN
N = m (a sin q + g cos q)
and mg sin q + mN = ma cos q
or
mg sin q + mm (a sin q + g cos q) = ma cos q
g(sin q + m cos q )
or a = cos q - m sin q

g
(sin q - m cosq ) £ a £ g (sin q + m cosq )
(cosq + m sin q ) cos q - m sin q
 3.68 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

69. Let ao = acceleration of B (towards right)

a = acceleration of A wrt B
FBD of C in the reference frame attached to B is shown in figure
µN1

C
N1
moao

mog

M
mo =
= mass of C.
4

N1 = moao ….. (1)
and mN1 = mog …..(2)
g
or ao = ….. (3)
m
FBD of A is shown
N2

ma0 sin q A
a ma0

sq q
co os
ma 0 c
mg
q mg
sin
mg

N2 = mg cos q – ma sin q
……(4)
and ma = mg sin q + mao cos q
or a = g sin q + ao cos q ……(5)

FBD of B is also shown
N2 sin q
R
a0
N2
N2 cos q N1
q

mg

N2 sin q – N1 = Mao……(6)

Using (i)
N2 sin q = (M + mo)ao

Eliminating N2 using (4) we get
mg sin 2q
ao =
( )

2 M + mo + m sin 2 q

g mg sin 2q
=
From (3)
(
m 2 M + mo + m sin 2 q )
 NeWton’s LaWs 3.69

or 2M + 2mo × 2m sin2 q = mm sin 2q

or 2 M + M + 2m sin 2 q = 3 m sin 2q
2 4
5 3 
or M = m  sin 60° − 2 sin 2 30° 
2 4 

 
or 5 M = m 3 3 – 2
 
2  4 2 4

 
or 5 M = m 3 3 – 1
 2 
2  8
m 20 20
or = = = 16.7
M 3 3 – 4 1.196

70. (a) Equilibrium

N
T2

T2
mg T1
a T1
mog

Mg

T1 = Mg and T2 = mog
For ring:
T2 = (T1 + mg) sin a
mog = (M + m)g sin a
mo = (M + m) sin a
(b) Relation between a1 and a2 is
N

a1

mg T
a
T
a2

Mg

a1 sin a = a2 …....... (1)

For ring
(T + mg) sin a = ma1 …....... (2)
For sphere
Mg – T = ma2 …....... (3)
 3.70 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

Solving (1), (2) and (3)

=
( M + m ) g sin 2 a
a2
m + M sin 2 a

71.
T a
T q T N
T
M N
a
N0
Mg q q
mg
m0g

For M: Mg – T = Ma …....... (1)

For m: T – mg sin q = ma …....... (2)
and N = mg cos q …....... (3)
For mo: T + T cos q = N sin q …....... (4)
[In horizontal direction]
Eliminating a between (1) and (2)

T T

g– = – g sin q
M m

Ê1 1ˆ
T Á + ˜ = g (1 + sinq )

Ë m M¯

mMg
T=
(1 + sinq )
m+M
Put this value of T and value of N from equation (3) into equation (4)

mMg (1 + sin q )
(1 + cosq ) = mg cosq .sin q
m+M
4 3
.
M cos q .sin q 5 5 1
\ = = =
m + M (1 + sin q ) (1 + cos q ) Ê 3 ˆ Ê 4 ˆ 6
ÁË 1 + ˜¯ ÁË 1 + ˜¯
5 5

M 1
=
m 5
72.
T
a
T N
N T
ma

T
0
co
s
q

am ma0 a0
Mg = mg
m

m
a0

g
si

mg cos q
sin
n
q

q
 NeWton’s LaWs 3.71

Let acceleration of m wrt wedge be a () and that of the wedge be as ao ( ).

Acceleration of M is aM ( ) = a + ao …(1)
For M: mg – T = maM …(2)
For m in reference frame of wedge
3 4
T – mg + mao . = ma
… (3)
5 5
4 3
and N = mg. + mao … (4)
5 5
For wedge in horizontal direction
4 3
T + T . − N . = [Link] … (5)
5 5

(2) + (2) 2 mg + 4 mao = m ( a + ao ) + ma

5 5
2g + 4ao = 10a + 5ao
10a + ao = 2g … (A)

Eliminating N between (4) and (5) gives.

45T – 12 mg = 59 mao
Substituting for T from (2)
45 (mg – maM) – 12mg = 59mao
45g – 45(a + ao) – 12g = 59ao
45a + 104 ao = 33 g … (B)
Solving (A) and (B)
48g
ao =
199
Let ao = acceleration of 4 m towards right

a = acceleration of 5 m and 8 m wrt the block of mass 4 m.
We will consider motion of block of mass 8m and 5m in the reference frame attached to the block of mass 4 m.
N´

T 5 mao
a
8 mao

N a T
8 mg 5 mg
37°

For 4 m: 8 mg – T = 8 ma …....(1)
and N = 8 mao …....(2)
For 5 m:
Perpendicular to incline
3 4
N´ + 5mao 5mg.
5 5
N’ = 4 mg – 3 mao ….... (3)
Down the incline
 3.72 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

4 3
T + 5mao . + 5mg. = 5ma

5 5

T = 5 ma – 4 mao – 3 mg ….... (4)
For block of mass 4 m:
T
T
T N
N´

ao

We will write equation of motion in horizontal direction. Relevant forces are shown in figure.
4 3
T. N´ − N = 4 mao
5 5

4T + 3N´ – 5N = 20 mao ….... (5)

Substituting for T, N and N´ using equations (1), (2) and (3)
4[8 mg – 8 ma] + 3 [4 mg – 3 mao] – 5 [8 mao] = 20 mao
69 ao + 32a = 44 g ….... (6)
Eliminating T between (1) and (4)
13 a – 4ao = 11 g ….... (7)
Solving (6) and (7)
44 g
ao =
205
74. Initial extension in S1 be xo
kxo = Mg
Let extension in S2 be x2 and further extension in S1 be x1 as point A moves down by L.
2x1 + x2 = L      …… (1)
k(xo + x1)

Mg 2kx2

For equilibrium of M

kxo + kx1 = Mg + 2kx2
But kxo = Mg
x1 = 2x2        ……(2)
Solving (1) and (2)
L
x2 =
5
2L
x1 =
5
 NeWton’s LaWs 3.73

In equilibrium, tension in spring 1 is T1 = 3mg and tension in spring 2 is T2 = mg.

(a) When spring 1 is cut, there will be no immediate change in tension in spring 2.
ac = 0
A

mg
a
T

mg

T2 = mg

Let a be acceleration of A and B

2ma = T2 + mg + mg
3
a= g ↓ ( )
2
d 2 x2
2
3
= aC - aB = 0 - g Ø
2
()
dt
2
d x2 = 3g
dt 2 2
(b) When AB is cut, tension in both springs remain unchanged.
For A
T1 = 3 mg
aA

=
mg
maA = 3mg – mg
aA = 2g ( )
For B
B aB

mg

T2 = mg

maB = mg + mg
aB = 2g ( )
For C
aC = 0
d 2 x1
\ = aA = 2g
dt 2
d 2 x2
    = aC - aB = 2 g
dt 2
 3.74 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

(c) When spring 2 is cut, (A + B) together move up.

2ma = 3mg – mg – mg

a =
g
2
()
≠

aC = g ( )

d 2 x1 g
∴ 2
= aA =
dx 2

2
d x2 = a – a = 3g
2 A C
dt 2
76. Let stretch in 1st spring be x1
stretch in 2nd spring be x2

x1 + x2
xo =
…... (1)
2
Also k1x1 = k2x2 …... (2)
Solving (1) and (2)
 k2 
x1 = 
( 2 x0 )
 k1 + k2 
Tension in springs
2k1k2 x0
T = k1 x1 =

k1 + k2
(a) Ma = 2T
4k1k2 x0
a=
( k1 + k2 ) M
4k1k2 x0
(b) T0 = 2T =
k1 + k2

77. Let’s consider

Equilibrium of block A and B
N1 Fs

N2
A

B
N2 cos q
q
sin
Mg N2 Mg cos q
q Mg
N2 sin q 2 Mg

For A:
Mg sin q + N2 sin q = 2 Mg

Mg N 2
+ = 2 Mg
2 2
 NeWton’s LaWs 3.75

N2 = Mg
For B:
FS + N2 = 2Mg
FS = Mg
Immediately, after the string is cut, tension in the spring (FS) will not change.
Let acceleration of A be ‘a’ down the incline.

a
Acceleration of B will be a sinq = in vertically downward direction.
2
We will use the same force diagram as drawn above (Now T = 0). For motion of A.
(N2 + Mg) sin q = Ma
N2 + Mg = 2 Ma …...... (1)
For motion of B
2 Mg – N2 = 2M . a sin q
2Mg – N2 = 2 2 Ma …...... (2)
From (1) and (2)
N2 = 0
g
and a =
2
Let a0 = acceleration of the wedge
a = acceleration of the block relative to the wedge. We consider motion of the block in reference frame attached to
the wedge
N

ma0 sin q

mao
ma0 cos q
mg sin q
a
mg cos q q
mg

N + ma0 sin q = mg cos q ..........(1)

ma0 cos q + mg sin q = ma
a0 cos q + g sin q = a ..........(2)
For motion of the wedge

N sin q

a0 N
N cos q
R
q

Mg
N sin q = Ma0 .......... (3)
Eliminating N between (1) and (3)
 3.76 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

mg sin q cos q
a0 =

( M + m sin q )
2

Putting this in (2) gives

a=
( M + m ) g sin q

( M + m sin q )
2

a M+m
=
a0 m

For the block to remain on the table, it is required that by the time displacement of the block relative to the wedge
L
becomes equal to ‘S’, the horizontal displacement of the wedge must have become larger than .
2

L
––
2

1 2
at = S …........ (1)
2
1 2 L
and a0 t ≥ …........ (2)
2 2
For limiting case let’s take the ratio [ (1) (2)]
a 2S
=
a0 L

M + m 2S
=
m L
M 2  1
+1 = =4 cos 60° = 2 
m cos θ  

M
∴ =3
m

79. Let a = acceleration of m relative to the wedge A

a1= acceleration of wedge A towards right
a2 = acceleration of Block B towards left
A careful observation will tell you that
a = a1 + a2 …........(1)

Consider motion of m in reference frame of wedge A
 NeWton’s LaWs 3.77

q
sin N
ma 1

ma1
a
sq q
co mg cos q
ma
1 sin
mg
q mg

ma1 sin q + N = mg cos q

…........ (2)
ma1 cos q + mg sin q – T = ma …........ (3)

Consider motion of wedge A
We will write equation for horizontal motion only
T cos q
T

N sin q T

N
a1

q R

Mg

T + N sin q – T cos q = Ma1 ...........(4)

For motion of Block B

a2 R´

Mog

The equation for horizontal motion is

T = M0a2 …........(5)
First let’s eliminate N between 2 and 4
ma1 sin2 q – T (1 – cos q) = mg cos [Link] q – Ma1
a1 [m sin2 q + M] – T (1 – cos q) = mg sin q cos q

3 4
Put sin q = ;cos q = and M = 4 m
5 5

9  T 12
ma1  + 4  – = mg
 25  5 25
109 ma1 – 5 T = 12 mg …........ (6)
Put value of T from (5) into (3) & (6)
ma1 cos q + mg sin q – M0a2 = ma
 3.78 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

4 3
a + g – 2a2 = a
5 1 5
4 a1 –10 a2 = 5 a – 3 g …........ (7)
And 109 a1 – 10 a2 = 12 g …........ (8)
Solving (1), (7) and (8)
4a1 – 10 a2 = 5 (a1 + a2) – 3 g
a1 + 15 a2 = 3 g
Multiply this equation with (2) and add it to equation (8) multiplied by 3
6g
a1 =
47
80. If friction coefficient is m.
F0 = mmg
N N

45°

Mg

When the block is in the trough

N cos 45° + N cos 45° = Mg
2 N = Mg

Mg
N=
2
Friction force on the block is
= mN + mN [for two contact surfaces]
= 2 m Mg
Required force F = 2 m Mg = 2 F0
81. Block A moved up along the incline with acceleration aA such that

1
X A = 0 + a t2
2 A
1
2= a A × 22
2

aA = 1.0 m/s2
Force equation for block A

N F

q
in
gs mAg cos q
m A

fA
 NeWton’s LaWs 3.79

F – mAg sin q – mAmAg cos q = [Link]

3 4
2.2 - 0.2 ¥ 10 ¥
- m A ¥ 0.2 ¥ 10 ¥ = 0.2 ¥ 1
5 5
mA = 0.5
For B

1
X B = 0 + aB t 2
2

1
–2 = ¥ aB ¥ 22
2
aB = – 1.0 ms–2

Force equation for B

F fB
2
/s
m
.0
=1
aB

q
in
gs
m B

mBg sin q – F – mB. mBg cos q = mBaB

0.5×10 × 0.6 – 2.2 – mB × 0.5 × 10 × 0.8 = 0.5 × 1

3
m B = = 0.075
40
With both blocks together

fA
q
a sin B
g
mA

q fB
sin A
g
B
m

(mB + mA)g sin q – mAmAg cos q – mBmB cos q = (mA + mB)a

3
0.7 × 10 × 0.6 – 0.5 × 0.2 × 10 × 0.8 – × 0.5 × 10 × 0.8 = 0.7a
40
4.2 – 0.8 – 0.3 = 0.7a
a = 4.43 m/s2
 3.80 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

Considering only A

fA

q
sin
g
A T a
m

mAg sin q + T – A = mAa

1.2 + T – 0.8 = 0.2 × 4.43
T = 0.49 N
82. Let coefficient of friction between the blocks be m.
F1 = 4 m (mg)
mg is the maximum acceleration that friction can impart to block B.
mg
Similarly, when force is applied to B, friction can impart a maximum acceleration of to the block A.
3
Ê mg ˆ
F2 = 4 m Á ˜
Ë 3 ¯

(a) With both F1 and F2 acting, friction will adjust itself to zero, as the two blocks will have equal accelerations

4 F F
(b) a =
mg = 1 = 2
3 3m m
83. (i) Consider the case when the spring is compressed and the block is in equilibrium.
kx = mg +
kx

40 N N

mg f

(kx)max = mg + max
400 xmax = 20 + 0.5 × 40
xmax = 0.1 m
In this position h = 0.9 m
Above this height block can be kept anywhere.
If compression in the spring is more than 0.1 m, the block will slide up.
(ii)
F cos
f

N  F sin

Mg
 NeWton’s LaWs 3.81

N = F cos q
F sin q + Mg = ƒ
But ƒ mN
F sin q + Mg m F cos q
Mg < F (m cos q – sin q) …........(1)
0.5 < m cos q – sin q

0.5 < m 2 + 1 sin (a - q ) [where a = tan–1 m = tan–1 0.75 = 37°]

0.5 < 1.25 sin (a – q)
0.4 < sin (a – q)
sin 24° sin (a – q)
24° < 37° – q q 13°
(b) From equation (1), F will have a finite positive value only if
m cos q – sin q 0
m > tan q
0.75 > tan q
37° > q
84. Retardation while going up will be a1 = g sin q + mg cos q = x + y [ say]
Acceleration while coming down a2 = g sin q – mg cos q = x – y
C

a2
a1
s B
m/ /s
10 4m

5m
A

Let time for up journey = t1

Time for down journey (C to B) = t2

AC = S1 and CB = S2
VC = VA – a1t1 0 = 10 – (x + y)t1

10
=t
x+y 1
And VB = VC + a2t2 x – y t2
4
=t
x–y 2
Given t1 + t2 = 4
10 4
\ + =4 …........(1)
x+y x–y
10
VC2 = VA2 – 2a1S1 = S1
2 ( x + y)
 3.82 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

Similarly, 42
= S2
2 ( x – y)
Given S1 – S2 = 5m

50 8
– = 5 …(2)
x+y x–y

1 1
Let = a and =b
x+y x–y

Equation (1) and (2) can be written as

10a + 4b = 4 5a + 2b = 2
And 50a – 8b = 5
Solving these two equations we get

13 15
a=
and b =
70 28
13x + 13y = 70
And 15x – 15y = 28
Solving these two equations we get
x = 3.62 and y = 1.76
10 13 13
(a) t1 = = 10 ⋅ a = 10 ⋅ = s
x+ y 70 7
(b) x = 3.62 g sin q = 3.62 sin q = 0.362

cos q = 1 - (0.362 ) = 0.94

2

y = 1.76 mg cos q = 1.76

1.76
\ m= = 0.18
10 ¥ 0.94

85. We will observe the motion of the block in the reference frame attached to the moving paper.

In this frame, the initial velocity of the block is in a direction making an angle
q with Y direction, as shown. The block will travel in this direction with friction force exactly opposite to velocity.
y

v L
q
x
u
f

We will consider the motion of the block in y direction only.

Initial velocity uy = v
y component of friction = mg. cos q [along – ve y]
\ y component of acceleration = mg cos q
 NeWton’s LaWs 3.83

[along – ve y]

The maximum v can be obtained by assuming that the y component of velocity of the block becomes zero just when
the block travels through a distance L in y direction.
v2y = u2y – 2ay .L

2 m gL
v=
u2 + v2
v2 (u2 + v2) = 4m2g2L2
v4 + u2. v2– 4m2g2L2 = 0

Minimum force (Fmin) is needed when the force and limiting friction (acting to left) together balance the spring
force (kx).

Fmin Fmin

kx kx

fmax fmax
Fmin + max = kx
8+ max = kx .............(1)
Maximum force that can be applied without moving the block can be calculated as
Fmax = max + kx
18 = max + kx .............(2)
The block will begin to move towards left if F is increased beyond this value.
Solving (1) and (2)
kx = 13N
k (0.1) = 13 k = 130 N/m
max = 5N
mmg = 5
m × 1 × 10 = 5
m = 0.5
87. When the plank is horizontal
N
a1
mai

m mg

B A

mg
 3.84 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

Let acceleration of block in reference frame of train be a1.

ma1 = ma0 – mmg
a1 = a0 – mg .............(1)
When the plank is inclined, let acceleration in reference frame of train be a2.
a2
N
B

ma0

mN

45°
mg A

and

..........(2)

Let time to travel from A to B in horizontal position = t1

Time in inclined position = t2
25/4 t1= t2

4 2 a2 = a1 ..........(3)
Substituting for a1 and a2 from (1) and (2) in equation (3)
4 [(a0 – g) – m (a0 + g)] = a0 – mg

88.
N1
A
f1
N2
f2
B
R Mg
r

O1 O2

Figure (a)
 NeWton’s LaWs 3.85

A
(R–r )
q B
C

O1 O2
R+r

Figure (b)
In figure (b)

.............. (1)

The equilibrium of rod gives

N1 + N2 = Mg cos q .............. (2)
and m(N1 + N2) = mg sin q .............. (3)
Assuming the friction to be at its limiting value.
(3) ∏ (2) gives
tan q = m

Put in (1)

If the ratio h is decreased, q will increase and the rod will begin to slide.
89.
A N2
mg f2
N1
f1
f1 N1
F N3 f3
B


For A:
N2 = 1max
N2 = mN1 ….......(1)
and N1 = 2max + Mg
N1 = mN2 + Mg
 3.86 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

N1 = m2N1 + Mg

….......(2)

For B:
N3 cos q = sin q + N1

….......(3)

and F = 1 + 3 cos q + N3 sin q

= mN1 + mN3 cos q + N3 sin q
Substituting for N3 from equation (3) we get

F=

90.
f
fm

37°
in
gs
60 0 N
6
=3

Platform

fm

40g sin 37°

= 240 N

Man

Normal reaction by the incline on the platform is

N = 100 g cos 37° = 800 N
Maximum possible friction force on the platform (by incline) is
max = mN = 400 N
The maximum friction by the man on the platform in downward direction can be m = 40 N. This means that the man
is experiencing friction force of 40 N up the plane.

Acceleration of man in this case m/s2

If m is less than this value man will have higher acceleration.

If m = 0; acceleration of man a = 6 m/s2

If acceleration of man is larger than 6 m/s2, the friction m reverses direction.

2
When a = 7 m/s
m = 40 N
 NeWton’s LaWs 3.87

Friction on platform by incline will adjust itself to 320 N.

91. Consider the case when m moves up the incline with acceleration ‘a’.
a
T
N

f
mg
q

N´
a
T
F

f´
Mg

For m

T – mg sin 37° – mN = ma

…..(1)

For M

F – T – ƒ´ = Ma [put m = ]

- - = …..(2)

(1) + (2)

For a > 0

m<2
Similarly consider the case when m accelerates down the incline.
T
N
f

mg
 3.88 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced
a
N´
T
F
f´
Mg

mg sin 37° – T – [Link] cos 37° = ma

and T – 40 – mMg = Ma

….. (4)

(3) + (4)

for a > 0

m > 30 kg

No motion happens when
2 kg m 30 kg
92.

T2
A T1
fmax = µ mA g
P1
= 40 N B
T2 mB g sin 
= 24 N
P2
q
T3
C
mg

(a) For aB = 0, T1 = 24 N
T2 = 48 N and T3 = 96 N

m/s2

If B does not move, P1 does not move.

Acceleration of C,

M (9.5) = 96
 NeWton’s LaWs 3.89

(b) If A does not move
T2max = 40 N
T1 = 20 N and T3 = 80 N
With T1 = 20N, B will accelerate down the incline.

m/s2 

acceleration of m/s2

acceleration of m/s2

For C
T3 – Mg = M.

93. If mA > mB, the direction of forces on the two blocks is as shown
T
f
T

mA g sin 

f
mB g sin 

There will be no acceleration if

mAg sin q < mBg sin q + +
With friction at its peak value we get
(mA – mB)g sin q < 2 mmAg cos q

If mA < mB
T

f T

mA g sin q
f

mB g sin 

q
 3.90 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

There will be no acceleration if

mBg sin q < mAg sin q + 2

94. (i)
2 kg T 2T
f1

f1 M
3 kg T
Mg
f2

1max = 0.75 × 20 = 15 N
2max = 0.5 × 50 = 25 N
When 2 T > 25 N the system will move
For no motion 2 T 25 N
Mg 25 N
M 2.5 kg
When M = 2.5 kg
1 = T = 12.5N
(ii) If we assume that 2 kg and 3 kg block are moving together, then
2 T – 2max =5a .......…(i)
and 4 g – 2 T = 4 a .......… (ii)
Solving (i) and (ii) m/s2

And =

Considering only 2 kg block

T– 1=2×a

= - = =

This value of 1 is possible (as 1max = 15N).

Hence, our assumption that both the 2 kg and 3 kg blocks are moving together is correct.

(iii) 1 will still be

acceleration of M will also be same i.e.,

m/s2

(iv) 2max = 0.9 × 50 = 45 N

The 3 kg block can experience a maximum possible rightward force
= Tmax + max = 20 + 15 = 35 N
But friction 2 can go upto 45 N.
 NeWton’s LaWs 3.91

Hence, 3 kg block will not move.

Let acceleration of M be a, then acceleration of 2 kg block will be 2a.
40 – 2T = 4.a …(1)
T – 15 = 2.(2a) …(2)
Solving, a = 5/6 m/s2
95. Let’s calculate the tension in the string when no block is attached to the rope.
A T + dT

dq
T
q
C

dT = (Rdq)g cos q

TA – TC = Rg
TA – Rg = Rg
TA = 2 Rg

96. Consider a small segment of length dl on the rope.

dl
dy
q

dx

The tangential component of weight

= dl g. sin q = g (dl sin q) = g dy
For complete rope, sum of tangential component of weight is

 3.92 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

Maximum friction force on the segment

= m ( dl g cos q) = m g (dl cos q) = m g dx
Sum of friction on the complete rope

Rope will be in equilibrium if

max Wt
m gx gH

97. (a) Let mass of each segment of the rope be

For rope to just remain in equilibrium

mg sin 60° + mg sin 30° = m mg cos 60° + m mg + m mg cos 30° + m mg

(b) °
30
s in
TD
mg E
TD
TC f3 D f4
TB TC
30°
TB
B f2 C
°
60
sin

f1
mg

A
60°

TB = mg sin 60° – ƒ1 = 0.67 mg = 0.17 Mg [ƒ1 = m mg cos 60°]

TC = TB – ƒ2 = 0.27 mg = 0.07 Mg [ƒ2 = m mg]
TD = TC + mg sin 30° – ƒ3 = 0.4 mg = 0.1Mg [ƒ3 = m mg cos 30°]
TE = TD – ƒ4 = 0 [ƒ4 = m mg]
\ TD = m mg
T

0.17 Mg

0.1 Mg
0.07 Mg

X
A B C D E

Maximum tension is at B
Tmax = TB = 0.17Mg
 NeWton’s LaWs 3.93

98.
N = mg cos 37°
N´ = m´g cos 37° A = 8N
= 16N TAD TAB
TAD TAB
B
D fA
fD fb
mg sin 37°
m´g sin 37° TBC = 6N
= 12N
TBC
37° 37°

mg = 10N

C =0
Bmax= m mg cos 37° = 4 N
Amax = m mg = 5 N
Dmax = m m´g cos 37° = 8 N

If we look at the system as a whole, with no friction, it will move to right. The net driving force will be 10 + 6 – 12
= 4N. Friction is strong enough to prevent the blocks from moving.
Start with block C. There is no friction
TBC = 10N
For B: mg sin 37° + TBC = 16N
Friction will assume its peak value of 4N but a tension TAB = 12 N is required to maintain the block in equilibrium.
For A: TAB = 12 N is balanced by friction Amax = 5 N and TAD = 7 N
For D: It has tendency to slide down.
Friction is up along the tangent
D = 12 – 7 = 5 N
Note that friction on D is not at its peak.

Ê ˆ
99. 75% of the surface becoming dust free means that only Á ˜ th of the disc surface will remain covered with dust.
Ë ¯
This means all particles beyond will fly away.


x
f

For a dust particle at a distance x from the centre

N = mg
and = mw2x
But mN
 3.94 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

mw2x m mg

We want for the dust particles should fly away and for < the friction should be able to provide the
necessary centripetal force

m È ˘
w = = ÍQ m = ˙
Î ˚

100. Consider a dust particle P rotating in a circle of radius x. We are considering the particle at the lowest position of
the circular motion. This is the position where a particle has maximum chance of leaving the disc, if friction fails to
provide the necessary centripetal force.

 

N
x
f
P

mg cos  mg sin 
mg

N = mg cos q
and – mg sin q = mw2x
= mg sin q + mw2x
[If you consider the particle at the top most point friction force required will be least equal to
= mw2x – mg sin q
But mN
mg sin q + m w2x
m mg cos q

putting [for 75% dust particles to fly off]

w=
(m q- q)

 NeWton’s LaWs 3.95

For q = 0°

This matches with the result obtained in the previous problem.

Since the particle is small, the string will be tangential to the sphere. q = 60° (see figure).
Let acceleration of the sphere be a0 immediately after release
The particle will have its initial acceleration (a) along normal to the string towards PC. And, component of a0 in the

direction must be equal to a

30°
T
N

P a0
q
C

mg

Force on the particle has been shown in the figure. The equation of motion along PC will be

…………(i)

Sphere experiences a force N along PC. It has a horizontal component = N sin q

…………(ii)

From (i) and (ii)

Let the spring connected to A get stretched by x. The other spring gets compressed by x.
In the reference frame attached to the rod, forces acting on the sleeve are –
2 kx towards A
kx towards A
l towards B.

2kx + kx = mw2 ( l 0 + x)

 3.96 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

l l

The solid angle subtended by the spherical cap at the centre of the hemisphere is = 2 (1 – cos q
Surface area of the cap
s = R2 = 2 R2 (1 – cos q)
If s = (0.2) (2 R2) then
0.2 = 1 – cos q
cos q = 0.8 q = 37°
A dust particle at an angle q > 37° will slide. A particle at q = 37° is in limiting equilibrium in the reference frame
of the hemisphere.
w

N
f

mw2r r
R

mg

N = mg cos q – mw2r sin q

And mN = mg sin q + mw2r cos q
m (mg cos q – mw2r sin q) = mg sin q + m w2r cos q
Where r = R sin q = 0.1 × 0.6 = 0.06

ar

mg

As the speed of car increases, the friction force (in direction shown) increases in strength. For a car travelling at
speed V
 NeWton’s LaWs 3.97

……..(1)

N cos q – sin q = mg
……..(2)
(1) ∏ (2)

As V increases, f also increases. But maximum allowed value of f is mN

(b) For friction to be zero

and N cos q = mg

\ = q

Ê V02 ˆ
Á Rg - m ˜
= Rg Á ˜
Á mV02 ˜
ÁË 1 + Rg ˜¯

(c) Since car is retarding, there is a component of friction ( 1) opposite to the direction of motion. There is another
component of friction ( 2) opposite to that shown in previous fig . At very low speed N sin q exceeds the
necessary centripetal force – and friction is directed so as to reduce the net force towards centre.
 3.98 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

Resultant friction makes obtuse angle with the direction of motion.

f2

f1 f

105. (a) Banking angle is given by

N N cos

N sin

f cos

f
mg

f sin

q = where V = correct speed = 20 m/s

\ q= =
¥
q = tan–1 (0.4) = 22°

(a) when V = 30 m/s

Friction is directed inwards.
mV 2
In horizontal direction N sin q + f cos q =
R
In vertical direction N cos q = ƒ sin q + mg
Eliminating N between two equations

( q q+ q) = - q

¥
fi [ ¥ + ]= - ¥ ¥

= 2315 N
 NeWton’s LaWs 3.99

(ii) When V = 10 m/s

N cos
N
f sin

N sin f cos

mg

The vehicle has a tendency to slip in and friction is directed upwards. Thus,

q- q=

And N cos q + sin q = mg
Again eliminating N we get

[ q q+ q] = q-

Putting V = 10 m/s and q = 22° we get

= 1398 N
(a) The speed of car increases uniformly at a rate f.
V

at

ar

It means, tangential acceleration of the car is at = and motion is non – uniform circular. At time t, its speed is
V = V0 + t
Thus, radial (centripetal) acceleration at time t is

= =
( + )

The resultant acceleration of the car is
= +

=
( + ) +
a at

ar

3.100 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

This acceleration is provided by friction force, f which has a maximum value

= mmg
If mass times acceleration exceeds this maximum value of friction the car skids
Car skids if

( + ) + ≥m

fi
( + ) + ≥m

(V0 + t) [R2 ( 2g2 – 2 1/4

)]

È
fi ≥ Î
(m - )˘˚ -

\
È
=Î
(m - )˘˚ -

(c) For t < t0, friction adjusts itself so as to provide the necessary acceleration a
\ f = ma

(V0 + ft )
4

= m + f2
R2
The direction of friction is in the direction of a as shown in fig.
107. (a) Total impulse of all the force acting on the man is zero in 0 to 9.0 s interval.

( )
Ú
\ - =

Scale

Mg

Integration is easily obtained by area under the graph.

¥ ¥[ + ]- ( )¥ =

F0 = 93.3 N
(b) Maximum change in weight = 100 N
70 × amax = 100

= m/s2
 NeWton’s LaWs 3.101

(c) ¥ = ¥ ¥[ + ]

Vmax = 4 m/s
108.
aA
A
T

A
a1
TB
C
450
F
450
TA
a2

TB
aB
Component of acceleration of C can be assumed along the two rods (the rods are r) as a1 and a2.
Since rods are rigid

For A = ………..(1)

For B = ………..(2)

For C - = .………..(3)

And - = .………..(4)

Using (2) and (4)

- =

Ê ˆ
- = ÁËQ = ˜¯
3.102 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

Ê ˆ
\ = ÁË + ˜¯

N f

sin
mg
mg cos

mg

(a) If the 4 kg block is placed on the incline separately, then driving force on it is

q= ¥ ¥ =

The opposing force is friction, which can attain a maximum value of

= mN = 0.5 × mg cos 30°
= 0.5 × 4 × 10 × 0.86
= 17.2N
Therefore, 4 kg block will accelerate down if allowed to move separately.
For 2 kg block (if allowed to move separately).

Driving force = mg sin 30° = ¥ ¥ =

Opposing force = mg cos 30°

= 0.8 × 2 × 10 × 0.86 = 13.76 N
2 kg block has no tendency to slide down. When placed together on the incline, 4 kg block will accelerate
down but 2 kg block will remain stationary behind it.
Contact force = zero.
Acceleration of 4 kg block is given by
ma = mg sin 30° – mmg cos 30°
a = g (sin 30° – m cos 30°)

È ˘
= Í - ¥ ˙
Î ˚
= 0.7 m/s2
(b) m1 = 0.8, m2 = 0.5
In this case (if allowed to move separately) driving force on 4 kg block = mg sin 30° = 20 N.
Opposing force on 4 kg block = m1mg cos 30° = 0.8 × 4 × 10 × 0.86
= 27.52 N
Driving force on 2 kg block = 10 N
Opposing force on 2 kg block = 2mg cos 30° = 8.6 N
The 4 kg block has no tendency to move but 2 kg block has. Since 2 kg block is placed behind 4 kg block, it tries
 NeWton’s LaWs 3.103

to push the 4 kg block. Whether motion will take place depends on the magnitude of driving force and opposing
force on the combined system.
Net driving force = 20 + 10 = 30 N
Net opposing force = 27.52 + 8.6 = 36.12 N
Motion will not take place and acceleration of both = 0.
Since, the 2 kg block is pushed against the 4 kg block, there will be normal contact force (Say R) between them.
To know the contact force (R) consider the equilibrium of 2 kg block (see fig.)
R + mN = 2g sin 30°
R = 2 g sin 30° – m2g cos 30° = 1.4 N
2 kg block applies equal and opposite force on 4 kg block
N
f

sin 2g cos 30°

2g
30° 2g

(c) m1 = 0.6; m2 = 0.1

In this case (if blocks are allowed to move separately)
Driving force on 4 kg = 20 N
Opposing force on 4 kg = 0.6 × 4 × 10 × 0.86 = 20.64 N
Driving force on 2 kg = 20 N
Opposing force on 2 kg = 0.1 × 2 × 10 × 0.86 =1.72 N
Net driving force = 30 N
Net opposing force = 22.36 N
4 kg block when left alone has no tendency to move. It is pushed by 2 kg block and motion takes place.

-
= = m/s2

To know the contact force we can consider the free body diagram of either blocks. Here we consider the 2 kg
block.
2g sin 30° – R – m (2g) cos 30° = 2a

fi Ê ˆ
= ÁË - ¥ ˜¯ - ¥

= 8.28 – 2.54 = 5.74 N

N f

a R

2g sin 30° 2g cos 30°

2g
3.104 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

NV

N
V f

NH

Vertical normal reaction Nv = mg = 0.1 × 10 = 1 N

¥
Horizontal normal = = =

Resultant normal force

= + =

Friction =m =

Resultant force by rod

=
+ =

Angle made by R with vertical

= = =

Ê ˆ
q = ÁË ˜¯

C R D
t = 24.2 s
O
50 m

M t = 27.2 s

L
t=5

75m

A B
t=0

Maximum speed allowed on the circular portion is

 NeWton’s LaWs 3.105

= m = ¥ ¥ = m/s
The car will accelerate with maximum acceleration a = g = 6 m/s2

It acceleration for 5 seconds to acquire a speed of 30 m/s and covers a distance ¥ ¥ = in the period.
Car moves from L to C to D with this constant speed.
Time needed to move from L to D is
+p ¥
=
=

Hence, car reaches D at t = 24.2 s. After this it accelerate to acquire the top speed of 50 m/s (= 180 kph)

-
Time required for acceleration = =

Distance covered in this period = -

=
¥
Remaining distance of 130 m is covered at a speed of 50 m/s.
Time required for this is = =

Total time = 24.2 + 3.3 + 2.6 = 30.1 Sec.

For stationary bowl –

N
f

mg cos q
m

sin
g

mg
q

Insect can move upto q = 45°

max = mg sin q [for q = 45°]
mmg cos q = mg sin q
m = 1.0
For rotating bowl
w

w
m
2

sin f O
R

q
co N
s
q
mw R sin q
2

R sin
mg cos q
+ mg
mw2R sin2 q
m

sin
g

q
3.106 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

In reference frame of bowl

N = mg cos q + mw2R sin2 q
[Insect moves slowly]
If insect can just reach q = 60°
mN + mw2R sin q cos q = mg sin q
mg cos q + mw2R sin2 q + m 2
sin q cos = mg sin q [Q m = 1]
w R sin q (sin q + cos q) = g (sin q – cos q)
2

Ê ˆ Ê ˆ
w Á + ˜= Á - ˜
Ë ¯ Ë ¯

fiw =
( - )
( + )

w=
( - )
( + )
(b) for q = 90°
w2R = g

w=

Let tension in BC & BD be T1 and that in string BA be T2.
C
M
T1

D
T0
T1

B T2

Mg

The string CB and DB make an angle of a = - Ê ˆ with vertical because the diagonal of a cube makes
ÁË ˜¯

- Ê ˆ angle with a side.

ÁË ˜¯

Line BM makes = 45° with vertical.

=
 NeWton’s LaWs 3.107

\ q=

Resultant of tension in CB and DB is along BM equal to

= q=

Vertical component of T0 balance Mg and its horizontal component is equal to T2.

T0 cos b = Mg
T0 sin b = T2

fi b=

fi =

fi =

114.
N N

mg

F0 R F0

Radius of the circular plate is r = R (sec q – 1)

Mass of the plate is m = spr2
= spR2 (sec q – 1)2
For equilibrium of the plate -
2 N sin q = spR2 (sec q –1)2 g

fi =
sp ( q- )
q N
’’

F0
’
R N

Mg

3.108 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

For two discs to remain in contact, normal force between them; N´ 0.

If the discs are just in contact N´ = 0
For horizontal equilibrium
sp q( q- )
= q=
q

Þ =
sp ( - q)
q q

q
(b) When q Æ q - q q

q
sp
fi = Æ
q ÈÍ - q ˘
Î ˚˙
(c) When

When , the circular plate will become massive. Even through N points almost vertically, its horizontal
component still approaches infinity due to large magnitude of N.
O = centre of larger cylinder.
DO will pass through centre of lower cylinder (B)
N1 = Contact force between A and B (and A and C)
N2 = Contact force between B and the large cylinder.
N3 = Contact force between B and C.
For the vertical equilibrium of A
O

A
N1 N1
mg

N1
B C
N3
N2 mg

D E

2N1 cos 30° = mg 3 N1 = mg ..............(1)

For horizontal equilibrium of B
N1 sin 30° = N2 sin q

..............(2)
 NeWton’s LaWs 3.109

For vertical equilibrium of whole system

2N2 cos q = 3 mg

..............(3)

(2) ∏ (3)

A
2r 2r
30° 30°

B C
r r

D E

fi 27r2 = (R – r)2 – r2

fi (R – r)2 = 28r2
R – r = 2 7 r
R = r (1 + 2 7)

A A A

l0
2
C C
2l0
P P

B’
B’
B
(A) (B) (C)

l Q
Initial extension in the spring is l

Initial distance between the insect and the bug is l

As the insect climbs up (slowly), the tension in the segment of the spring above the insect does not change (tension
in segment AP = mg) and the segment of the spring below the insect becomes relaxed. It means the length of
segment AP of the spring remains unchanged when the insect moves from B to P.
3.110 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

l l
When the insect is at the original distance, it is at point C such that
l
Looking at fig (A) and (B) one can realize that segment AC is of the spring (i.e., its elongated length = ). The
l
natural length of segment .

Hence, length of the spring when the insect is at C is

l l l

: Let initial stretch in the spring be x0

A

l0/2
2l0 B

kx0 = mg

l
l

Initial distance between the insect and the bug = l

(c) When insect is at B such that

l l

Only the portion AB of the spring takes the load and the length BC remains unstretched.
In other words part AB behave as a separate spring supporting the insect.

Let natural length of segment AB be l

l
Then force constant of AB is
l
l
Extension in part l

l
l

l l
or, l
l

l 
or, mg  0 − l1  = mg l1 [Ql 0 k = mg ]
 2 
l0
or, 2l 1
2
 NeWton’s LaWs 3.111

or, l1 l0
4
Total length of spring = AB + BC

= l 0 + l 0 − l 0 
2  4 
5l 0

4

(a) Let T be the tension in the string and a1, a2, a3, a4 be acceleration of the four masses in downward direction.
The string has fixed length, which implies that sum of the displacements (and hence acceleration) of all four
masses must be zero. In other words,
a1 + a2 + a3 + a4 = 0 ………(1)
For m1
m1a1 = m1g – 2 T

⇒ a1 = g − 2T ………(2)
m1
Similar equation can be written for a2, a3 and a4 put all these in (1)

 1 1 1 1 
4 g − 2T  + + + =0
 m1 m2 m3 m4 
4g
⇒ 2T = = 4mg
1 1 1 1
+ + +
m1 m2 m3 m4

 Where 1 = 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 
 
 1 2 3 4 

From (2)
4mg
a1 = g −
m1

 4m 
= g 1 − 
 m1 

 
(b) Similarly, a4 = g 1 − 4m 
 m4 

for a4 to be positive
4
1
4
4 1
4
3.112 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

4 1 1 1 1
< + + +
4 1 2 3 4

3 1 1 1
< + +
4 1 2 3
3 11
4 6
18
4 kg
11
If F is increased beyond a limit, block D will slip over C. This is because friction force acting on D is responsible
to accelerate D + B + A. Hence, for all the four block to move together –
Acceleration of the system produced by F acceleration produced by friction on D in the system D + B + A

F µ m2 g
∴
≤
2m1 + 2m2 m1 + 2m2

 m + m2 
∴ F0 = 2µ m2 g  1

 2m2 + m1 

Let’s calculate the net force of gravity along the slope on the part AB of the chain
B
dl

dx H

A C
x=0 x x+dx

consider the small segment of the chain between

X and X + dX.
Gravitational force along the slope is

λ d lg sin θ [ = mass per unit length]

Net gravity force along the slope on part AB is

λ g ∫ dl sin θ = λ g ∫ dy = λ gH

Thus, the force does not depend on the profile of the hill. It only depends on height of B from A.
For portion BC also the force will be same. Hence, net force on the chain is zero.
Acceleration of the chain in zero.

From last question

H R
µ = = = 1.0
X R
 NeWton’s LaWs 3.113

(a) At some lower point in the rope, if we take a small segment, the tangential component of weight is higher then
friction on the segment. As we move up, friction increases and tangential component of the weight decrease.
Tension will be increasing as we go up from bottom till the point where tangential component of weight on
an element equal the friction force on it. After this point the friction on a segment gets larger than tangential
component of weight. Tension starts decreasing.
dlgcos


[Link]

Tension is maximum where

m dl g cos q = ldl g sin [Q m = 1]
tan q = 1
q = 45°
(b)
TA
A

H

B
X

For segment AB of the rope (refer to last question)

wt = gH = gR sin 45° = g

 1 
and = mlgX = 1lgR (1 – cos 45°) = lgR 1 − 
 2

Tension at A is
TA = Wt – = lgR ( 2 – 1)

=
M
πR
gR ( )
2 −1

 2 −1
= 2   Mg
 π 
3.114 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

F sin q
F
N

F cos q

f
mg = 4 x10 = 40 N

N = 40 – F sin q …………….(1)
The block can move if
F cos q > fmax
F cos q > mN
F cos q > 0.5 (40 – F sin q)
18 [cos q + 0.5 sin q] > 20
10
cos q + 0.5 sin q
9

 1 0.5  10
⇒ 12 + 0.52  cos θ + sin θ  >
 1 + 0.5 12 + 0.52  9
2 2

10
⇒ 1.25 sin (θ + δ ) >
9

 −1  1  
 Where δ = tan  0.5  = tan ( 2 ) = 63º 
−1

   
sin


O° 84° 96°

10
sin (q + ) >
9. 1.25
84° < q + < 96°
fi 84° – 63° < q < 96 – 63°
21° < q < 33°

124. For equilibrium of rope

2T1 sin = F + mg ......…(1)
 NeWton’s LaWs 3.115

T1 T1

 


F
mg

Consider the equilibrium of half the rope

T1

q T2
2

θ 
1 cos α = 2 sin   ......…(2)
 2     

θ 
And also, 2T2 cos   = F ......…(3)
2

1 Ê q ˆ T cos a
(2) ÷ (3) tan Á ˜ = 1
2 Ë 2¯ F

θ
Using (1) tan   =
( F + mg ) cos α
2 sin α .F

 F + mg  
θ = 2 tan −1   cot α 
 F  

125. Consider an element of the rope having angular width .

(T+
T
) sin T+T
(
 /2) (T+T) cos (/2)

 

T
sin



 m
in g co
gs s N
T
m
T cos  mg

Length of the element =R q

Mass of the element = lR q
Tension at lower end of the element =T
Tension at upper end of the element = T + T
For tangential equilibrium of the element
3.116 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

∆θ   ∆θ 
(T + ∆T ) cos   − T cos   = λ R∆θ .g sin θ
 2   2 

∆θ 
For small angle q, cos   1
 2 
T + T – T = Rg q sin q
T = lRg q. sin q
For q 0
dT = lRg sin qdq .................(1)

For equilibrium in radial direction

∆θ ∆θ 
N + Rg cos = T sin  
+( +∆ ) sin  
 2   2 

∆θ ∆θ
∆N = T + (T + ∆T ) − λ Rg ∆θ .cos θ
2 2

∆θ ∆θ
[Q for small q; sin  
→ ]
 2  2

T q = 0 [product of very small quantities]

N = T q – lRg q . cos q
For rope to remain in contact
N 0 at all points
T lRg cos q at all points
At bottom (i.e., at q = 0°)
T1 lRg .................(2)
From equation (1)
dT = lRg sin q dq
T0
π /2
∫ dT = λ Rg ∫0 sin θ dθ
T1

T0 – T1 = lRg
T0 = T1 + lRg

T0 2 Rg [using (2)]

126. m = tan q0 = 1
3
Maximum friction on the block max = mg cos = mg
2

Block will begin to slide when resultant of mg sin θ  =

mg 
 and F will become just larger
 
than max.
 NeWton’s LaWs 3.117

fmax

F


3
fmax  mg
mg 2
—–
2

Fig. In the plane of

the incline

mg / 2
sin α =
From figure 3
mg
2
1
sin α =
3
127. Force shall be applied in the vertical plane through the line of greatest slope. Let the direction of the force make an
angle a with the incline plane.
N

F


mg

N = mg cos q – F sin
Block just moves if
F cos a + mg sin q = mN
F cos a + mg sin q = m (mg cos q – F sin a)

mg ( µ cos θ − sin θ )
F=
cos α + µ sin α
F is minimum when cos a + m sin is maximum

Maximum value of cos a + m sin is 1 + µ 2

mg ( µ cos θ − sin θ )
Fmin =
1+ µ2

q = 30° and m = 1
 3 1
mg  − 
2 2  mg
Fmin = 
2
=
2 2
( 3 −1)
3.118 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

128.
A f2
f1
f1 f2
F C
B
B
a

F
(a) Let the common acceleration be a
M
For A – = M.a
For C = Ma
Adding = 2Ma
is larger than .

2F Mg
f1 = 2 Ma = ≤µ
3 2
3
F ≤ µ Mg
4

3
Fmax = µ Mg
4
(b) Since >
The slippage will take place at surface between A and B.

3
(c) For F = µ Mg
8

µg
a =

µ Mg
f 2 = Ma =
8
– = Ma

µ Mg
f1 = 2 Ma =
4

1
2
2

129. (a) Let’s assume that there is no slipping between C and D. All four blocks move with acceleration a.
a
T1
C
T2
D
a
T1 f T2

a
A B

30N 5N
 NeWton’s LaWs 3.119

For A: 30 – T1 = 3a …....... (1)

For B: T2 – 5 = 0.5a ….......(2)
For (C + D) T1 – T2 – = 4.5a
T1 – T2 – 0.2 × 45 = 4.5a ….......(3)
(1) + (2) + (3) 16 = 8a
a = 2 ms–2
We must check whether C can have this acceleration without the friction force on it exceeding its peak limit.
a = 2ms-2

C
T1
fCD

From (1) T1 = 24 N
For C T1 – CD = 3.a
CD = 24 – 6 = 18 N
Peak value of CD = mN = 0.7 × 30 = 21 N
Hence, friction is within limit. Our assumption that all four are moving together is correct.
(b) If C and D move in opposite direction friction between them will be kinetic.
CD = mN = 21 N
For (B + D)
fCD
T
D

mg

The block D will move to right (and B will move downward) if

mg CD
mg 21
m 2.1 kg
130.

N´

R N
N
y 
 T
x
mg
Mg Forces on the rod

(a) Forces on the hemisphere

Let R = Normal force by ground on the hemisphere
N = Normal force by the rod on the sphere
N´ = Normal force by the wall on the rod
3.120 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

T = Tension in string.
For hemisphere
R = Mg + N sin q ............ (1)
and T = N cos q .............. (2)
For rod
N’ = N cos q .............. (3)
And N sin q = mg …....... (4)
Put value of N from (4) into (2)
mg
T= .cos θ = mg cot θ
sin θ
(b)

R
y

O
x

From the figure

y2 + x2 = R2

dy dx
2 y + 2x = 0
dt dt

dy dx
y = −x
dt dt
[– ve sign indicates that as x increases, y will decrease i.e., the rod will move down]
We will discard the negative sign. Differentiating once again

    + y. 2 =     + x. 2
dy dy d2y dx dx d2x
 dt   dt  dt  dt   dt  dt
Just after the string is cut, velocity of the rod as well as hemisphere is zero.

dy dx
⇒ = =
dt dt

d y xd x

dt y dt
ay = (cot q) ax …..........(1)
ay = downward acceleration of the rod
ax = leftward acceleration of the hemisphere
Using the force diagram in the part (a) we can write
For hemisphere: N cos q = Max …..........(2)
 NeWton’s LaWs 3.121

For rod mg – N sin q = may …..........(3)

Solving (1), (2) and (3)
mg
ax =
M tan θ + m cot θ

131. Let the speed be v after time t when the block has moved through a distance S.

mv
Normal reaction of the ring is N
R

dv
m = −µ N
dt

dv µv
=−
dt R
v
dv µ t

∫u v2 = − R ∫0 dt
µ
− = t
v u R

1 1 m
= + t …..........(1)
v u R

dt µ
= + t
ds u R

t πR
dt
∫ 1 µ = ∫ ds
0 + t 0
u R
 1 µt  1 µ
ln  +  − ln   = π R
 u R  u  R

 µu 
ln 1 + t = πµ
 R 

µu
+ t = eπµ
R

R πµ
t = e −  …..........(2)
µu 
Put value of t from equation (2) into (1)
Ru Ru
v=
=
R + µ ut R + R eπµ − 

u
v = πµ
e
3.122 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

132. The helix wire is inclined to the horizontal at an angle given by

N´

mg


ρ
tan θ = …........(1)
2π
The normal force applied by the wire on the bead can be thought to have two components.

N = directed horizontally towards axis of helix. (In the second fig. given above, this force is normal to the plane of
the drawing pointing towards you)
N´ = directed perpendicular to the velocity in the plane of above figure.
Force equations are (when the bead acquires constant speed)
= mg sin q …........(2)
N´ = mg cos q …........(3)

mv H
N
R
mv 2 cos 2 θ
N= …........(4)
R
Where vH = Horizontal component of velocity = v cos q
The resultant of two components of normal forces is

0 = 2
+ '2

2
 mv 2 cos 2 θ 
= ( mg cos θ ) + 
2

 R 

v4
= m cos θ g 2 +
cos 2 θ
R2
Now friction = mN
from (2)

v4
µ mg cos θ 1 + 2 2 cos 2 θ = mg sin θ
R g
 NeWton’s LaWs 3.123

tan θ
µ=
2
 v 2 cos θ 
1+  
 Rg 
133. Force diagram of the wedge and that of block in the reference frame of the wedge are as shown.
N sin q

N cos q
N

N0
a0

Wedge mg
N q
sin
ma
0
ma0 sin q

ma0

os
q
o sq
c
ma 0 mgc
a q
sin
mg mg

For wedge: N sin q = ma0 …......... (1)

For block: (a = acceleration of block relative to wedge)
N + ma0 sin = mg cos q …......... (2)
and N sin q = ma0 ….........(3)
Solving (1), (2) and (3)
1 1
g .
g sin θ cos θ 2 2 =g
a0 =
=
1 + sin 2 θ  1 
2
3
1+  
 2
1
2g
2 g sin θ 2 =2 2g
a= =
1 + sin 2 θ  1 
2
3
1+  
 2
For block
ax = a cos q ( ) + a0 ( ) = a cos q ( ) – a0 ( )
2
= − = (←)
3 3 3

a y = a sin θ =
2g
3
(↓)
(b) Due to ax the horizontal velocity of the block decreases. It is easy to show that vx = 0 when the block lands on
the table.
3.124 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

The block strikes the table normally. Path is as shown.

(c) At highest point velocity is horizontal (equal to that of wedge).

Yourself show that vx = u cos θ = u

2 2 2

vx
ay
R

vx2 u2 3u 2
R= = =
a y 8 × 2 g 16 g
3

134. Consider the block at any position q shown in the figure. [In reference frame of cylinder]
f
m R
2

N
mg cos 
mg sin 
mg


N = mw2 R – mg sin q …........ (1)

= mg cos q …........ (2)
Q mN
mg cos q m mw R – mmg sin q
g [cos q + m sin q] mw2R [for all value of ‘q’]

Q maximum value of cos q + m sin q will be 1+ µ2

g 1 + µ 2 ≤ µω 2 R

ω ≥ g 1+ µ2
Rµ

135.
(a) Consider a conical pendulum with one string (AO) only.
 NeWton’s LaWs 3.125


l

mg

r = l sin q ….......(1)
T sin q = mw r 2

T sin q = mw2l sin q

T = mw2l …....... (2)
and T cos q = mg

mg g
cos θ = = 2 ….......(3)
mω l ω l
2

For a conical pendulum to be possible

q > 0°

g
cos q < 1 <1
ω 2l

g
<ω
l
g
Hence, particle will stay at B if ω ≤
l
g
(b) When ω > , the particle begins to rotate in a circle and the tension in string becomes greater than mg.
l
The second string will get taut only when q = 60°

g 2g
From (3) ω 2 = =
l cos 60º l
g
ω=
l

g
If ω > , there is tension in BO
l
g g
Answer is <ω ≤
l l
3.126 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

(c)

60° T1

T2
mg
B

T1 cos 60° = T2 cos 60° + mg

T1 – T2 = 2mg …........ (4)
2
and (T1 + T2) sin 60° = m r

T1 + T2 = mw2l …........ (5)
For, T1 = 2T2, equation (4) and (5) give
T2 = 2 mg
and 3T2 = mw2l
6mg = mw2l

g
ω =
l
Draw the free body diagram in reference frame of the container.

N1
N2
2
m r0

60°

60°

mg

r0 = radius of circular path of the centre of mass of the body

= 1.0 m

60° A
M

B D C
 NeWton’s LaWs 3.127

3
BC = AM = r sin 60°
2

AC = MB = r (1 – cos 60°) =

1
CD = AC . cot 60° = . :
2 3

3 2
BD = BC – DC = − = = = 1.0
2 2 3 2 3 3
r0 = 2.0 – BD
= 2 – 1 = 1.0 m
N2 cos 60° + N1 = mg

N2
+ N1 = mg …...... (1)
2
and N2 sin 60° = mw2r0

3
N2 = mω 2 [r0 = 1]
2

2
N2 = mω 2 …...... (2)
3
mω 2
Put in (1) N1 = mg −
3

(a) For N2 > N1

2 mω 2
mω 2 > mg −
3 3

3
mω 2 > mg
3

ω >

(b) For N1 = 0
mω 2
= mg
3

ω =

137. (a) Normal force on the car N = mg cos q.

3.128 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

v
f
ft

fr


mg sin 

The friction has two roles to play. It has a component along the tangent ( t) which balances mg sin q, so that
there is no tangential acceleration and it provides the necessary centripetal force also.
\ t = mg sin q

mv
fr
R
friction

2
 v2 
f = ft 2 + f r2 = m ( g sin θ ) + 
2

R
But mN

2
 v2 
( g sin θ ) +   ≤ µ mg cos θ
2
m
R
v4
g sin θ + ≤ µ 2 g 2 cos 2 θ
2 2
2
R

v4
≤ g 2  µ 2 cos 2 θ − sin 2 θ 
R2
v [g2R2 [m2 cos2 q – sin2 q]]1/4
(b) For a given speed, the friction force will be largest at the bottom most point. To prove this consider the car at
an angle (as shown).

ft

v

fr

W cos 

W sin 
W
W = mg sin q
 NeWton’s LaWs 3.129

mv 2
f r = W cos α +
R
t = W sin a

m 2 v 4 2mv 2
f 2 = W 2 + + W cos α
R4 R
Obviously, is maximum when cos a = 1; i.e., when a = 0°
and, maximum friction for a given speed v is ,

 mv 
f = W + 
 R 

mv 2
f = mg sin θ +
R
But m mg cos q

mv 2
mg sin θ + ≤ µ mg cos θ
R

v ≤ Rg [ µ cos θ − sin θ ]
138. Particle goes in a vertical circle of radius
R = l sin q
It can be proved that, in this case also, minimum speed at the lowest point to complete the circle is [Do it yourself].

u = 5 gR = 5 gl sin θ …......... (1)

After one string breaks, the particle will go in a horizontal circle (forming a conical pendulum) of radius
r = l cos q
O1


l cos 

mg

mu 2
T cos θ =
r
T sin q = mg

gr
tan θ =
u2
3.130 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

gl cos 2 θ
u 2 = …....... (2)
sin θ
gl cos 2 θ
From (1) and (2) = 5 gl sin θ
sin θ

1
tan θ =
5

m
139. For equilibrium M

A´
A

P1

P2

M T   T
m
P2´

For horizontal equilibrium of pulley P2 it is necessary that the two segments (P1P2´ and P2´A´) of the string have
equal inclination to the vertical.
Hence, P2 will move horizontally as well as vertically.
Yes, it is possible that M does not have acceleration (i.e., it moves with constant velocity) and m has an acceleration.

mg
T T = ——
2
q q

P2

mg

mg – 2T cos q = ma

mg
mg − 2. cos θ = ma
2
mg
[Q If M does not have acceleration T Mg ]

a = g (1 – cos q)
 NeWton’s LaWs 3.131

140.

N N
C
R
y
M N
P

V x V

Let CP = y and MN = x

y +   = R
x
 

dy 1 dx
2 y + .2 x = 0

dt 4 dt

dy x dx
=−
dt y dt

dy x  dx 
= − ( 2v ) Q dt = 2v 
dt 4y  
dy x
=− v ….......(1)
dt y

When x = a = 2 R

MP a R

R
∴y =

At this moment velocity of centre of the sphere is

dy 2R
=− .v = −v

dt R
2
2
[– sign indicates that y is decreasing]
Differentiating (1) once again

 dx dy 
d y y −x 
= −v  dt dt 
dt  y 
 

\ Acceleration of centre C when
3.132 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

R dx
y ;x 2 R; 2v
2 dt

dy
= −v
dt

 R 
 2 .2v − 2 R ( −v ) 
a = 2 = −v  2 
d y
dt   R 
2 
   
  2 

=−
v2
R
(
4 2 )
12 2
=− × 4 2 = −4 2 m/s
1
– sign indicates that the acceleration is downward.
Force equation for the ball
Mg – 2N cos 45° = M.a
2 × 10 – 2 × 4 2 = N 2
N = 10 2 – 8

(b) =5−4 2
2
141. Let’s consider the problem in a reference frame moving to left with an acceleration of a0.
In this frame P1 is at rest and all the blocks experience a force ma0 towards right.

P3

P2 T2

T1
P1
ma0
T2
ma0
T1
ma0

a1

Clearly T1 a0 …....... (1)

In this frame let the acceleration of block 1 be a1 ( ). Pulley P2 will move towards right with an acceleration of a1.
If an observer is located in reference frame attached to P2 [which is moving to left with an acceleration of (a0 – a1)],
he will similarly conclude that
T2 (a0 – a1) …....... (2)
 NeWton’s LaWs 3.133

T1 a0
=
T2 a0 − a1

But pulley is massless

T1 = 2T2

0
=2
0 − 1

0
1
2

3
In ground frame, acceleration of block 1 will be (←)
2
142. Normal reaction on the particle is always N = mg cos q

µmg cos q
v


mg sin q

Friction force on the particle is = mg cos q and is always opposite the direction of instantaneous velocity.
Another force on the particle in the plane of the incline is mg sin which is always directed along x direction. Force
on the particle in tangential direction (i.e., in direction of its velocity) is

Ft = mg sin q . cos f – mg cos q

Acceleration in tangential direction is

at = g sin q (cos f – 1) [Q = tan q] ….......... (a)

Similarly, acceleration of disc along x – direction is

ax = g sin q – (mg cos q) cos

= g sin q (1 – cos f) ….......... (b)

at + ax = 0    [Adding (a) and (b)]
Integrating, we get
v + vx = c [c is a constant)
    
But vx = v cos f
3.134 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

v + v cos f = c

π
Initially φ = ; = 0
2
c = v0

= 0

1 + cos φ
 04 WORK - POWER - ENERGY

Level 1 m

Q. 1. (i) The cause of increases in kinetic energy

when a man starts running without his feet u
slipping on ground is asked to two students.
Their answers are–
(a) the ground (b) the wedge.
Harshit: Cause of increase in kinetic energy is [Take g = 10 ms–2]
work done by friction force. Without friction
the man cannot run. Q. 4. In an industrial gun, when the trigger is pulled
a gas under pressure is released into the barrel
Akanksha: Cause of increase in kinetic behind a ball of mass m. The ball slides smoothly
energy is work done by internal (muscle) inside the barrel and the force exerted by the gas
forces of the body. on the ball varies as
Who is right?
(ii) An inextensible rope is hanging from a tree.
A monkey, having mass m, climbs to a height Where L is length of the end of the barrel from the
h grabbing the rope tightly. The monkey starts initial position of the ball and x is instantaneous
from rest and ends up hanging motionlessly displacement of the ball from its initial position.
on the rope at height h. Neglect any other force on the ball apart from that
(a) How much work is done by gravity on the applied by the gas. Calculate the speed (V) of the
monkey? ball with which it comes out of the gun.
(b) How much work is done by the rope on the L

monkey?
x
(c) Using work – energy theorem, explain
the increase in mechanical energy of the
monkey. Gas Cylinder
Q. 2. A man of mass M jumps from rest, straight up,
Q. 5. A particle of mass 3 kg takes 2 second to move
from a flat concrete surface. Centre of mass of the
from point A to B under the action of gravity and
man rises a distance h at the highest point of the
another constant force
motion. Find the work done by the normal contact 
force (between the man’s feet and the concrete = -  +
( 
) , where the unit vector
floor) on the man.
k̂ is in the direction of upward vertical.
Q. 3. A block of mass m = 10 kg is released from the top The position vector of point B is
of the smooth inclined surface of a wedge which
is moving horizontally toward right at a constant

= - - ( )
and velocity of the

velocity of u = 10 m/s. Inclination of the wedge particle when it reaches B is


is q = 37°. Calculate the work done by the force
applied by the wedge on the block in two seconds
= ( +- 
) .

in a reference frame attached to - (a) Find the velocity, of the particle when it
 4.2 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

was at A. at a constant speed of 40 m/s when the engine

 developed a power of 53 KW. When the engine
(b) Find position vector, of point A.
 developed an output of 2 KW the car was able to
(c) Find work done by the force as the particle travel on a horizontal road at a constant speed of
moves from A to B. 10 m/s.
(d) Find change in gravitational potential energy (a) Find the power that the engine must deliver
of the particle as it moves from A to B. for the car to travel at a constant speed of
Q. 6. A particle can move along a straight line. It is at 40 m/s on a horizontal road.
rest when a force (F) starts acting on it directed (b) The car is able to climb a hill at a constant
along the line. Work done by the force on the speed of 40 m/s with its engine working
particle changes with time(t) according to the at a constant rate of 69 KW. Calculate the
graph shown in the fig. Can you say that the force
inclination of the hill (in degree)
acting on the particle remains constant with time?
W Q. 11. A particle moves along the loop A–B–C–D–A
while a conservative force acts on it. Work done
by the force along the various sections of the path
are – WA " B = – 50 J ; WB " C = 25 J; WC"D =
60  J. Assume that potential energy of the particle
O t
is zero at A. Write the potential energy of particle
Q. 7. A particle is moving on a straight line and all the when it is at B and D.
forces acting on it produce a constant power P B
calculate the distance travelled by the particle in
the interval its speed increase from V to 2V.
A
C
Q. 8. Work done and power spent by the motor of an
escalator are W and P respectively when it carries D
a standing passenger from ground floor to the Q. 12. A moving particle of mass
     m is acted  upon 
by five
first floor. Will the work and power expended forces and . Forces and F 3 are
by the motor change if the passenger on moving conservative and their potential energy functions
escalator walks up the staircase at a constant are U and W respectively. Speed of the particle
speed? changes from Va to Vb when it moves from
Q. 9. (i) A block is connected to an ideal spring on a position a to b. Which of the following statement
horizontal frictionless surface. The block is is/are true –
  
pulled a short distance and released. Plot the (a) Sum of work done by and =
variation of kinetic energy of the block vs the Ub – Ua + Wb – Wa
spring potential energy.   
(b) Sum of work done by and =
(ii) A ball of mass 200 g is projected from the
top of a building 20 m high. The projection
- Ê ˆ
speed is 10 m/s at an angle q = ÁË ˜¯ (c) Sum of work done by all five forces =
from the horizontal. Sketch a graph of kinetic
energy of the ball against height measured  
from the ground. Indicate the values of kinetic (d) Sum of work done by and =
energy at the top and bottom of the building (Ub + Wb) – (Ua + Wa).
and at the highest point of the trajectory, Q. 13.
specifying the heights on the graph. Neglect F (in N)
air resistance and take g = 10 m/s2
1
Q. 10. A car of mass m = 1600 kg, while moving on any
X (in m)
road, experiences resistance to its motion given O 1 2.5 3.5 5.5
by (m + nV2) newton; where m and n are positive -1
constants. On a horizontal road the car moved
 Work - Power - Energy 4.3

The given graph represents the total force in x

(a) Find the work done by the snake against
direction being applied on a particle of mass gravity (Wg)
m = 2 kg that is constrained to move along x (b) Will the answer to part (a) be different if the
axis. What is the minimum possible speed of the
snake were of half the length but of same
particle when it was at x = 0?
mass.
Q. 14. A vertical spring supports a beaker containing
Q. 17. A uniform rope of linear mass density l (kg/m)
some water in it. Water slowly evaporates and the
passes over a smooth pulley of negligible
compression in the spring decreases. Where does
dimension. At one end B of the rope there is a
the elastic potential energy stored in the spring
small particle having mass one fifty of the rope.
go?
Initially the system is held at rest with length
L of the rope on one side and length on the

other side of the pulley (see fig). The external

agent begins to pull the end A downward. Find
the minimum work that the agent must perform
so that the small particle will definitely reach the
pulley.

Q. 15. A pan of negligible mass is supported by an ideal

spring which is vertical. Length of the spring is Lo.
A mass M of sand is lying nearby on the floor. A L
4
boy lifts a small quantity of sand and gently puts A
it into the pan. This way he slowly transfers the Force
entire sand into the pan. The spring compresses L by external agent

by . Assume that height of the sand heap on the

floor as well as in the pan is negligible. Calculate
B
the work done by the boy against gravity in
transferring the entire sand into the pan.
Q. 18. A particle of mass m = 100 g is projected
vertically up with a kinetic energy of 20 J form
a position where its gravitational potential energy
is – 50 J. Find the maximum height to which the
L0
particle will rise above its point of projection.
[g = 10 m/s2]
M
Q. 19. A physics student writes the elastic potential
Q. 16. A snake of mass M and length L is lying on an energy stored in a spring as = + ,
incline of inclination 30°. It craws up slowly and where L is the natural length of the spring, x is
overhangs half its length vertically. Assume that extension or compression in it and K is its force
the mass is distributed uniformly along the length constant. A block of mass M travelling with speed
of the snake and its hanging part as well as the V hits the spring and compresses it.
part on the incline both remain straight. L
V
M
L L
2 Find the maximum compression caused.
Q. 20. A block of mass m = 4 kg is kept on an incline
connected to a spring (see fig). The angle of
30°
the incline is q = 30° and the spring constant is
 4.4 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

K = 80 N/m. There is a very small friction between (b) At what distance from A the mass will come
the block and the incline. The block is released to rest for the first time after being released.
with spring in natural length. Find the work done A
by the friction on the block till the block finally
comes to rest.[g = 10 m/s2]

k
m
B

Q. 25. Two blocks 1 and 2 start from same point A on

a smooth slide at the same time. The track from
A to B to C is common for the two blocks. At C
= 30° the track divides into two parts. Block 1 takes the
route C–D–E and gets airborne after E. Block 2
Q. 21. A body is projected directly up a plane which is moves along CFGH. Point E is vertically above G
inclined at an angle q to the horizontal. It was and the stretch GH is horizontal. Block 1 lands at
found that when it returns to the starting point its point H.
speed is half its initial speed.

(a) Where is the other block at the time block 1
(a) Was dissipation of mechanical energy of the lands at H? Has it already crossed H or yet to
body, due to friction, higher during ascent or reach there?
descent?
(b) Which block will reach at H with higher
(b) Calculate the coefficient of friction (m) speed ?
between the body and the incline.
A 2
1
Q. 22. A tanker filled with water starts at rest and then 1
rolls, without any energy loss to friction, down E
a valley. Initial height of the tanker is h1. The B
tanker, after coming down, climbs on the other C
D 2
side of the valley up to a height h2. Throughout F G H
the journey, water leaks from the bottom of the
tanker. How does h2 compare with h1? Q. 26 In the arrangement shown in the figure, block B
of mass M rests on a weighing scale. Ball A is
released from a position where spring is in its
natural length and the scale shows the correct
weight of block B. Find the mass of ball A so
h1
that the minimum reading shown by the scale
subsequently is half the true weight of B.

Q. 23. A stone with weight W is thrown vertically upward

into air with initial speed u. Due to air friction a
constant force R acts on the stone, throughout its
flight. Find –
(a) the maximum height reached and k

(b) speed of stone on reaching the ground. A

Q. 24. A mass m = 0.1 kg is attached to the end B of an
B M
elastic string AB with stiffness k = 16 N/m and
natural length l0 = 0.25 m. The end A of the string
is fixed. The mass is pulled down so that AB is
2l0 = 0.5 m and then released. Q. 27 In an aircraft carrier warship the runway is a
20 m long strip inclined at q = 20° to the
(a) Find the velocity of the mass when the string horizontal. The launcher is effectively a large
gets slack for the first time. spring that pushes an aircraft of mass m = 2000
 Work - Power - Energy 4.5

kg for first 5 m of the 20 m long runway. The jet position x as shown in the figure.
engine of the plane produces a constant thrust of When the particle is at x = x0, it is given a kinetic
6 × 104 N for the entire length of the runway. The energy (k) such that 0 < k < 4U0
plane needs to have a speed of 180 kph at the end
of the runway. Neglect air resistance and calculate (a) Does the particle ever reach the origin?
the spring constant of the launcher. [sin 20° = 0.3 (b) Qualitatively describe the motion of the
and g = 10 m/s2] particle.
U(x)

6U0
m
20
5U0

q
U0
Q. 28 A block of mass M is placed on a horizontal
x
surface having coefficient of friction m. A constant O x0

pulling force = is applied on the block to

Q. 32 A pillar having square cross section of side length
displace it horizontally through a distance d. Find L is fixed on a smooth floor. A particle of mass m
the maximum possible kinetic energy acquired by is connected to a corner A of the pillar using an
the block. inextensible string of length 3.5 L. With the string
Q. 29 A small block is made to slide, starting from rest, just taut along the line BA, the particle is given a
along two equally rough circular surfaces from A velocity v perpendicular to the string. The particle
to B through path 1 and 2. The two paths have slides on the smooth floor and the string wraps
equal radii. The speed of the block at the end of around the pillar.
the slide was found to be V1 and V2 for path 1 and
2 respectively. Which one is larger V1 or V2? m
3.5 L B
A 1 A

L
L
2 (a) Find the time in which the particle will hit the
pillar.
B
(b) Find the tension in the string just before the
particle hits the pillar.
Q. 30 A particle can move along x axis under influence
Neglect any energy loss of the particle.
of a conservative force. The potential energy of
the particle is given by U = 5x2 – 20x + 2 joule Q. 33 (i) A simple pendulum consist of a small
where x is co-ordinate of the particle expressed in bob of mass m tied to a string of length L.
meter. Show that the total energy of oscillation of
The particle is released at x = –3 m the pendulum is  when it is
(a) Find the maximum kinetic energy of the oscillating with a small angular amplitude q0.
particle during subsequent motion. Assume the gravitational potential energy to
(b) Find the maximum x co-ordinate of the be zero of the lowest position of the bob.
particle. (ii) Three identical pendulums A, B and C are
Q. 31 A particle is constrained to move along x axis suspended from the ceiling of a room. They
under the action of a conservative force. The are swinging in semicircular arcs in vertical
potential energy of the particle varies with planes. The string of pendulum A snaps when
 4.6 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

it is vertical and it was found that the bob fell Q. 36 A child of mass m is sitting on a swing suspended
on the floor with speed V1. The string of B by a rope of length L. The swing and the rope have
breaks when it makes an angle of 30° to the negligible mass and the dimension of child can be
vertical and the bob hits the floor with speed neglected. Mother of the child pulls the swing till
V2. The string of pendulum C was cut when the rope makes an angle of q 0 = 1 radian with the
it was horizontal and the bob falls to the floor vertical. Now the mother pushes the swing along
hitting it with a speed V3. Which is greatest the arc of the circle with a force and
and which is smallest among V1,V2 and V3?
releases it when the string gets vertical. How high
Q. 34 AB is a mass less rigid rod of length 2l. It is free will the swing go?
to rotate in vertical plane about a horizontal axis
[Take cos(1 radian) ~ 0.5]
passing through its end A. Equal point masses
(m each) are stuck at the centre C and end Bof the Q. 37. A particle of mass m is suspended by a string
rod. The rod is released from horizontal position. of length l from a fixed rigid support. Particle is
Write the tension in the rod when it becomes imparted a horizontal velocity . Find
vertical. the angle made by the string with the vertical
A l C l B when the acceleration of the particle is inclined to
the string by 45°?
Q. 38 A particle of mass m is moving in a circular
path of constant radius r such that its centripetal
acceleration ac is varying with time t as
ac = k2rt2, where k is a constant. Calculate the
power delivered to the particle by the force acting
on it.
Q. 35 A rigid mass less rod of length L is rotating in Q. 39 A ball is hanging vertically by a light inextensible
a vertical plane about a horizontal axis passing string of length L from fixed point O. The ball of
through one of its ends. At the other end of the mass m is given a speed u at the lowest position
rod there is a mass less metal plate welded to the such that it completes a vertical circle with centre
rod. This plate supports a heavy small bead that at O as shown. Let AB be a diameter of circular
can slide on the rod without friction. Just above path of ball making an angle q with vertical as
the bead there is another identical metal plate shown. (g is acceleration due to gravity)
welded to the rod. The bead remains confined
between the plates. The gap between the plates B
q
is negligible compared to L. The angular speed of
O
the rod when the bead is at lowest position of the
circle is w = . How many times a clink of A
u
the bead hitting a metal plate is heard during one m

full rotation of the rod ? (a) Let TA and TB be tension in string when ball is
at A and B respectively, then find TA – TB.
 
(b) Let and be acceleration of ball when
it is at A and B respectively, then find the
 
value of .
Q. 40 A ball suspended by a thread swings in a vertical
 plane so that the magnitude of its total acceleration
in the extreme position and lowest position are
equal. Find the angle q that the thread makes with
the vertical in the extreme position.
Q. 41 A particle of mass m oscillates inside the smooth
surface of a fixed pipe of radius R. The axis of the
Bead
pipe is horizontal and the particle moves from B
 Work - Power - Energy 4.7

to A and back. At an instant the kinetic energy of Q. 43. A completely filled cylindrical tank of height H
the particle is K (say at position of the particle contains water of mass M. At a height h above the
shown in the figure). What is the force applied by top of the tank there is another wide container.
particle on the pipe at this instant? The entire water from the tank is to be transferred
into the container in time t0 such that level of
water in tank decreases at a uniform rate. How
will the power of the external agent vary with
A B time?

Level 2
H
Q. 42.

Q. 44. A uniform chain of mass m0 and length l rests on

a rough incline with its part hanging vertically as
shown in the fig. The chain starts sliding up the
O
R incline (and hanging part moving down) provided
the hanging part equals h times the chain length
(h < 1). What is the work performed by the
h friction force by the time chain slides completely
off the incline. Neglect the dimension of pulley
and assume it to be smooth.
(i) There is a vertical loop of radius R. A small block
of mass m is slowly pushed along the loop from
bottom to a point at height h. Find the work done
by the external agent if the coefficient of friction
is m. Assume that the external agent pushes
tangentially along the path.
q
(ii) A block of mass m slides down a smooth slope of
height h, starting from rest. The lower part of the Q. 45. A large flat board is lying on a smooth ground. A
track is horizontal. In the beginning the block has disc of mass m = 2 kg is kept on the board. The
potential energy U = mgh which gets converted coefficient of friction between the disc and the
into kinetic energy at the bottom. The velocity board is m = 0.2 . The disc and the board
 are moved
at bottom is . Now assume that an with velocity and
observer moving horizontally with velocity respectively [in reference frame of the ground].
towards right observes the sliding Calculate the power of the external force applied
block. She finds that initial energy of the block on the disc and the force applied on the board. At
what rate heat is being dissipated due to friction
is = + and the final energy of the between the board and the disc? [g = 10 ms –2]
block when it reaches the bottom of the track is
X
zero. Where did the energy disappear?
u

h Y
V

Q. 46. A car can pull a trailer of twice its mass up a

certain slope at a maximum speed V. Without
 4.8 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

the trailer the maximum speed of the car, up the the length of its base l and coefficient of friction
same slope is 2 V. The resistance to the motion between the body and hill surface is m. What
is proportional to mass and square of speed. If is the work done if body is moved along some
the car (without trailer) starts to move down the alternative path shown by the dotted line, friction
same slope, with its engine shut off, prove that coefficient being same.
eventually it will acquire a constant speed. Find
this speed.
Q. 47 Force acting on a particle in a two dimensional

XY space is given as . Show m F
h

that the force is conservative.

Q. 48. In a two dimensional space the potential
energy function for a conservative force acting l
on a particle of mass m = 0.1 kg is given by 
U = 2 (x + y) joule (x and y are in m). The particle Q. 52. In previous problem what is the work done by
is being moved on a circular path at a constant if the body started at rest at the base and has a
speed of V = 1 ms –1. The equation of the circular velocity v on reaching the top?
path is x2 + y2 = 42. Q. 53. A block of mass M is placed on a horizontal
(a) Find the net external force (other than the smooth table. It is attached to an ideal spring of
conservative force) that must be acting on the force constant k as shown. The free end of the
particle when the particle is at (0, 4). spring is pulled at a constant speed u. Find the
maximum extension (xo) in the spring during the
(b) Calculate the work done by the external force subsequent motion.
in moving the particle from (4, 0) to (0, 4). M
k
Q. 49. A particle of mass m moves in xy plane such that u
its position
 vector, as a function of time, is given
by ; where
b and k are positive constants. Q. 54. A spring block system is placed on a rough
horizontal floor. Force constant of the spring is k.
(a) Find the time t0 in the interval when
The block is pulled to right to give the spring an

the resultant force acting on the particle has zero elongation equal to x0 and then it is released. The
power. block moves to left and stops at the position where
(b) Find the work done by the resultant force acting the spring is relaxed. Calculate the maximum
kinetic energy of the block during its motion.
on the particle in the interval
Q.50. A block of mass 2 kg is connect to an ideal spring
and the system is placed on a smooth horizontal
surface. The spring is pulled to move the block
and at an instant the speed of end A of the spring Q. 55. In the fig shown, a block of mass M is attached
and speed of the block were measured to be to the spring and another block of mass 2M has
6 m/s and 3 m/s respectively. At this moment the been placed over it. The system is in equilibrium.
potential energy stored in the spring is increasing The block are pushed down so that the spring
at a rate of 15 J/s. Find the acceleration of the compresses further by . System is released.
block at this instant.
2M
A M
2kg

Q. 51. A body of mass m is slowly hauled up a rough hill k

as shown in fig by a force F which acts tangential
to the trajectory at each point. Find the work
performed by the force, if the height of hill is h,
 Work - Power - Energy 4.9

(a) At what height above the position of release, Q. 59. A plank is moving along a smooth surface
the block of mass 2M will lose contact with with a constant speed V. A block of mass M is
the other block? gently placed on it. Initially the block slips and
(b) What is maximum height attained by 2M then acquires the constant speed (V) same as the
above the point of release? plank. Throughout the period, a horizontal force
is applied on the plank to keep its speed constant.
Q. 56. Block A and B are identical having 1 kg mass
each. A is tied to a spring of force constant k and (a) Find the work performed by the external
B is placed in front of A (touching it). Block ‘B’ force.
is pushed to left so as to compress the spring by (b) Find the heat developed due to friction
0.1 m from its natural length. The system is released between the block and the plank.
from this position. Coefficient of friction for both
the blocks with horizontal surface is µ = 0.2. M
V
K
A B
Smooth
= 0.2
Q. 60. A block of mass m1 is lying on the edge of a rough
table. The coefficient of friction between the
(a) Take . Kinetic energy of the
block and the table is µ. Another block of mass m2
system comprising of the two blocks will be is lying on another horizontal smooth table. The
maximum after travelling through a distance two block are connected by a horizontal spring of
x0 from the initial position. Find x0. Find the force constant K. Block of mass m2 is pulled to
contact force between the two blocks when the right with a constant horizontal force F.
they come to rest.
(a) Find the maximum value of F for which the
(b) Take k = 100 N/m. What distance (x1) will the block of mass m1 does not fall off the edge.
block travel together, after being released, (b) Calculate the maximum speed that m2 can
before B separates from A. acquire under condition that m1 does not fall.
Q. 57. In the arrangement shown in the fig. string, K
m2
m1
springs and the pulley are mass less. F
Both the springs have a force
constant of k and the mass of block k
B resting on the table is M. Ball A is Q. 61. A vertical spring supports a block in equilibrium.
released from rest when both the The spring is designed to break
springs are in natural length and just when extension in it crosses a
taut. Find the minimum value of k A limit. There is a light thread
mass of A so that block B leaves attached to the block as shown.
M B The thread is pulled down with a
contact with the table at some stage.
force F which gradually increases
Q. 58. Two block A and B are connected to a spring (force
from zero. The spring breaks
constant k = 480 N/m) and placed on a horizontal
when the force becomes F0.
surface. Another block C is placed on B. The
Instead of gradually increasing
coefficient of friction between the floor and block thread
the force, if the thread were pulled
A is µ1 = 0.5, whereas there is no friction between
by applying a constant force, for F
B and the floor. Coefficient of friction between
what minimum value of the
C and B is µ2 = 0.85. Masses of the blocks are
constant force the spring will break?
MA = 50 kg; MB = 28 kg and MC = 2 kg. The system
is held at rest with spring compressed by x0 = 0.5 Q. 62 Two liquid A & B having densities 2r and r
m. After the system is released, find the maximum respectively, are kept in a cylindrical container
speed of block B during subsequent motion. separated by a partition as shown in figure. The
C
height of each liquid in the container is h and
area of cross section of the container is A. Now
A B
the partition is removed. Calculate change in
4.10 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

gravitational potential energy (DU) of the system (ii) If magnitude of a is twice the minimum
value found in (i), find the maximum height
A (measured from its original level at the
bottom of the trough) to which the block will
rise.
B O
R
a A
(a) assuming that the two liquids mix uniformly. T
(b) Assuming that the two liquids are immiscible.
What do you conclude from the sign of DU in the Q. 66. A semicircular wire frame of radius R is
above two cases? standing vertical on a horizontal table. It is
Q. 63. A particle is projected at an angle q = 30º with pulled horizontally towards right with a constant
the horizontal. Two students A and B have drawn acceleration. A bead of mass m remain in
the variation of kinetic energy and gravitational equilibrium (relative to the semicircular wire) at
potential energy of the particle as a function of a position where radius makes an angle q with
time taking the point of projection as the reference horizontal. There is no friction between the wire
level for the gravitational potential energy. Who and the bead. The bead is displaced a little bit
is wrong and why? in upward direction and released. Calculate the
(a) KE/PE speed of the bead relative to the wire at the instant
it strikes the table. Assume that all throughout the
KE
semicircular wire keeps moving with constant
acceleration.
PE m
t R
(b) KE/PE
q

KE
Q. 67. A ideal spring of force constant k is connected
to a small block of mass m using an inextensible
PE light string (see fig). The pulley is mass less and
t
friction coefficient between the block and the
Q. 64. Two small rings each of mass ‘m’ are connected horizontal surface is . The string between
to a block of same mass ‘m’ through inextensible
the pulley and the block is vertical and has length
light strings. Rings are constrained to move along
l. Find the minimum velocity u that must be given
a smooth horizontal rod. Initially system is held
to the block in horizontal direction shown, so that
at rest (as shown in figure) with the strings just
subsequently it leaves contact with the horizontal
taut. Length of each string is ‘l’. The system is
released from the position shown. Find the speed surface. [Take ]
of the block (v) and speed of the rings (u) when l
K
the strings make an angle of q =  60º with vertical.
(Take g = 10 m/s2)
l
m u
 

Q. 65. A toy truck T at rest, has a hemispherical trough of Q. 68. A light spring is vertical and a mass less pan
radius R in it [O is the centre of the hemisphere]. is attached to it. Force constant of the spring is
A small block A is kept at the bottom of the k. A block of mass m is gently dropped on the
trough. The truck is accelerated horizontally with pan. Plot the variation of spring potential energy,
an acceleration a. gravitation potential energy and the total potential
(i) Find the minimum value of a for which the energy of the system as a function of displacement
block is able to move out of the trolley. (x) of the block. For gravitational potential energy
 Work - Power - Energy 4.11

take reference level to be the initial position of the (b) What is the period of this circular motion?
pan. Q. 72. A small block is placed on the top of a smooth
m
inverted hemispherical bowl of radius R.
Ref. level

R
K q

(a) The bowl is given a sudden impulse so that

Q. 69. A particle of mass m = 1.0 kg is free to move it begins moving horizontally with speed V.
along the x axis. It is acted upon by a force which Find minimum value of V so that the block
is described by the potential energy function immediately loses contact with the bowl as it
represented in the graph below. The particle is begins to move.
projected towards left with a speed v, from the
origin. Find minimum value of v for which the (b) The bowl is given a constant acceleration ‘a’
particle will escape far away from the origin. in horizontal direction. Find maximum value
U (in joule) of ‘a’ so that the block does not lose contact
with the bowl by the time it rotates through
an angle q relative to the bowl. You can
make suitable mathematical approximations
justified for small value of angle q.
10
Q. 73 A pendulum bob is projected form its lowest
position with velocity (u), in horizontal direction,
6
that is just enough to make the string horizontal
3 (position OC). At angular position q, at point B,
the speed (V) of the bob was observed to be half
its initial projection speed (u).
-8 -5 O 2 4 7 11 X O
(in m)
C
Q. 70. A particle of mass m = 1 kg is free to move along
x axis under influence of a conservative force. The 
potential energy function for the particle is
L
ÈÊ ˆ Ê ˆ ˘ V
= ÍÁ ˜ - Á ˜ ˙
ÍË ¯ Ë ¯ ˙˚
Î
B

Where b = 1.0 m and a = 1.0 J. If the total

A
mechanical energy of the particle is zero, find u
the co-ordinates where we can expect to find the (a) Find q
particle and also calculate the maximum speed of
the particle. (b) Plot variation of magnitude of tangential
acceleration with q.
Q. 71. A particle of mass m moves under the action of
a central force. The potential energy function is (c) Let the travel time from A to B be t1 and
given by U(r) = mkr3 that from B to C be t2. Looking at the graph
obtained in part (b), tell which is larger – t1 or
Where k is a positive constant and r is distance of
t2?
the particle from the centre of attraction.
Q. 74. A small ball is attached to an end of a light
(a) What should be the kinetic energy of the
string of length R. It is suspended in vertical
particle so that it moves in a circle of radius
plane supported at point A. B and C are two nails
a0 about the centre of attraction?
 4.12 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

(of negligible thickness) at a horizontal distance shown in figure. The particle is given a horizontal
0.3 R from A and a vertical distance 0.4 R above A velocity u. At some point, its motion ceases to be
respectively. The ball is given a horizontal velocity circular and eventually the object passes through
u = 5gR at its lowest point. Subsequently, after the line AB. At the instant of crossing AB, its
the string hitting the nails, the nails become the velocity is horizontal. Find u.
centre of rotation. Assume no loss in kinetic O
A
energy when the string hits the nails. It is known
that the string will break if tension in it is suddenly
L
increased by 200% or more. 8
C L

0.4R

B u
A
0.3R A

R Q. 77 A simple pendulum has a bob of mass m and

string of length R. The bob is projected from
lowest position giving it a horizontal velocity just
u enough for it to complete the vertical circle. Let
Will the string break during the motion? If yes, the angular displacement of the pendulum from
where? What is tension in the string at the instant its initial vertical position be represented by q.
the string breaks? Plot the variation of kinetic energy (kE) of the bob
Q. 75. A spherical ball of mass m is kept at the highest and the tension (T) in the string with q. Plot the
point in space between two fixed concentric graph for one complete rotation of the pendulum.
spheres A and B (see figure). The smaller sphere Q. 78 A light thread is tightly wrapped around a fixed
has a radius R and the space between the two disc of radius R. A particle of mass m is tied to
spheres has a width d. The ball has diameter just the end P of the thread and the vertically hanging
less than d. All surfaces are frictionless. The ball part of the string has length R. The particle is
is given a gentle push (towards the right). The
angle made by the radius vector of the ball with imparted a horizontal velocity . The
upward vertical is denoted by q.
string wraps around the disc as the particle moves
up. At the instant the velocity of the particle makes
an angle of q with horizontal, calculate.
d q Sphere B

R O O R

Sphere A

(a) Express the total normal reaction force

exerted by the spheres as a function of q.
V0 p
(b) Let NA and NB denote the magnitudes of
normal reaction forces on the ball exerted by (a) speed of the particle
the spheres A and B respectively. Sketch the (b) tension in the string
variations of NA and NB as function of cos q Q. 79 An experimenter is inside a train. He observes
in the range of 0 < q < p by drawing two that minimum speed at lowest position needed by
separate graphs. a pendulum bob to complete a vertical circle is
Q. 76. A particle is suspended vertically from a point O 10 m/s. Calculate the minimum speed (u) needed
by an inextensible mass less string of length L. A at the lowest position so as to complete the vertical
circle when the train is moving horizontally
vertical line AB is at a distance of from O as
at an acceleration of a = 7.5 m/s2. Find the
 Work - Power - Energy 4.13

maximum tension in the string during the motion. (b) At what value of q the compression (or
[g = 10 m/s2]. tension) in the rod changes to tension (or
compression)?

q
Q. 80 A track (ACB) is in the shape of an arc of a circle. O
It is held fixed in vertical plane with its radius OA
horizontal. A small block is released on the inner Q. 83 A pendulum has length L = 1.8 m. The bob is
surface of the track from point A. It slides without released from position shown in the figure. Find
friction and leaves the track at B. What should the tension in the string when the bob reaches the
be value of q so that the block travels the largest lowest position. Mass of the bob is 1 kg.
horizontal distance by the time it returns to the
Bob
horizontal plane passing through B?
A O

B 30°
Horz

C Q. 84 A small body of mass m lies on a horizontal plane.

Q. 81 Bob of a simple pendulum of length L is projected The body is given a velocity v0, along the plane.
horizontally with a speed of , from the (a) Find the mean power developed by the
lowest position. Find the distance of the bob from friction during the whole time of motion, if
vertical line AB, at the moment its tangential friction coefficient is µ = 0.3; m = 2.0 kg and
acceleration becomes zero. v0 = 3 m/s.
A (b) Find the maximum instantaneous power
developed by the friction force, if the friction
coefficient varies as µ=ax, where a is a constant
and x is distance from the starting point.
O
Q. 85 Two particles of masses M and m (M >m) are
connected by a light string of length pR.
L
The string is hung over a fixed circular frame of
radius R.
u

Q. 82 A light rigid rod has a bob of mass m attached to

one of its end. The other end of the rod is pivoted m
O
M
so that the entire assembly can rotate freely in a
vertical plane. Initially, the rod is held vertical
as shown in the figure. From this position it is
allowed to fall.
(a) When the rod has rotated through q , Initially the particles lie at the ends of the
what kind of force does it experience– horizontal diameter of the circle (see figure).
compression or tension? Neglect friction.
4.14 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

(a) If the system is released, and if m remains mass at the level of the pulleys to be zero. Neglect
in contact with the circle, find the speed of dimension of the pulley and treat the strings to be
the masses when M has descended through a massless. Distance between the pulleys is 2d.
distance Rq q p . d
d
(b) Find the reaction force between the frame U=0
and m at this instant.
(c) Prove that m1 will certainly remain in contact
with the frame, just after the release, if
3m > M.
Q. 86 A small object is sliding on a smooth horizontal q q
floor along a vertical wall. The wall makes a
smooth turn by an angle q . Coefficient of friction A
C
between the wall and the block is µ. Speed of B
the object before the turn is u. Find its speed (V)
(a) Write the potential energy of the system as a
just after completing the turn. Does your answer
function of angle q.
depend on shape of the curve? [The turn is smooth
(b) Knowing that potential energy of the system
and there are no sharp corners.]
will be maximum or minimum in equilibrium
u position, find value of q for equilibrium.
 (c) Tell if the equilibrium is stable or unstable.
Q. 89 Three identical masses are attached to the ends
of light strings, the other ends of which are
connected together as shown in the figure. Each
V
of the three strings has a length of 3 m. The three
masses are dropped through three holes in a table
Q. 87 AB is a vertically suspended elastic cord of and the system is allowed to reach equilibrium.
negligible mass and length L. Its force constant A
is k = mg . There is a massless platform
L
attached to the lower end of the cord. A monkey
of mass m starts from top end A and slides down 1m 1m
g
the cord with a uniform acceleration of . Just Three holes
before landing on the platform, the monkey loses in the table
B 1 C
grip on the cord. After landing on the platform m
3
the monkey stays on it. Calculate the maximum
extension in the elastic cord. (a) What is total length of the strings lying on the
A table in equilibrium?
(b) Select a point K inside the DABC such that
AK + BK + CK is minimum, use the result
obtained in (a) and the fact that potential
L energy of the system will be minimum when
it is in equilibrium.
Q. 90 A particle of mass m is attached to an end of a
B
light rigid rod of length a. The other end of the
rod is fixed, so that the rod can rotate freely in
Level 3 vertical plane about its fixed end. The mass m is
given a horizontal velocity u at the lowest point.
Q. 88 In the arrangement shown in the fig. all the three
blocks have equal mass m. The length of the (a) Prove that when the radius to the mass makes
strings connecting A to C and B to C is L each. an angle q with the upward vertical the
Assume the gravitational potential energy of any horizontal component of the acceleration of
 Work - Power - Energy 4.15

the mass (measured in direction of u) is O. The particle is projected horizontally with a

2
[g (2 + 3 cos q) – u / a] sin q velocity v0 from its lowest position A. When the
angular displacement of the string is more than
(b) If 4ag < u2 < 5ag, show that there are four 90°, the particle leaves the circular path at B. The
points at which horizontal component of string again becomes taut at C such that B,O,C are
acceleration is zero. Locate the points. collinear. Find v0 in terms of l and g.
Q. 91 A weightless rod of length l with a small load of
mass m at one of its end is held vertical with its
lower end hinged on a horizontal surface. The B
load touches a wedge of mass M in this position. O
A slight jerk towards right sets the system in
motion (see figure), with rod rotating freely in
vertical plane about its lower end. There is no C
friction.
m v0
A

Q. 94. The teeter toy consists of two identical weights

l hanging from a peg on dropping arms as shown.
M The arrangement is surprisingly stable. Let us
consider only oscillatory motion in the vertical
plane. Consider the peg and rods (connecting the
weights to the peg) to be very light. The length
(a) For what mass ratio will the rod form an of each rod is l and length of the peg is L. In the
angle q p with the vertical at the moment position shown the peg is vertical and the two
the load separates from the wedge? weights are in a position lower than the support
point of the peg. Angle a that the rods make with
(b) What is speed of the wedge at that moment? the peg remains fixed.
Neglect friction.
(a) Assuming the zero of gravitational potential
Q. 92 A tube of mass M hangs from a thread and two energy at the support point of the peg
balls of mass m slide inside it without friction evaluate the potential energy (U) when the
(see figure). The balls are released simultaneously peg is tilted to an angle q to the vertical. The
from the top of the ring and slide down on opposite tip of the peg does not move.
sides. q defines the positions of balls at any time
as shown in figure. (b) Knowing that U shall be minimum in stable
equilibrium position prove that q = 0 is the
stable equilibrium position for the toy if the
two weights are in a position lower than the
support point of the peg.
q q

a a
l l
L

(a) Show that ring will start to rise if .

(b) If M = 0, find the angle q at which the tube m m
begins to rise.
Q. 93 A heavy particle is attached to one end of a light
string of length l whose other end is fixed at
 4.16 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

ANSWERS
1. (i) Akanksha is right. spring energy gets converted into the gravitational
(ii) (a) – mgh potential energy of beaker + water.
(b) 0
.
(c) internal (muscle) forces of the body
perform work
2. Zero (a)   (b) Yes.

(a) 960 J
(b) zero
20 m

(a) = ( + + ) . –5 J

(b) (
= - + - ) (a) Same in both

(c) W = 138J (b)

(d) DUg = – 60 J h h1
6. No, the force is decreasing with time.
(a)

7.
(b)
The power will not change but work done will
decrease. (a)
(i) KE
(b) zero
25. (a) Block 2 has already crossed H.
(b) Both reach H with same speed.

PE

(ii) K in joule 27. k = 2.096 × 105 N/m

50
28.
10.0
6.4 V1
height in m
O 20 21.8
(a) Kmax = 125 J
(a) 53 KW
(b) Xmax = 7m
(b) q = 1.43°
(a) No
UB = 50 J ; UD = –35 J
(b) Oscillations about x0
12. (b), (c)
0.5 m/s 32. (a)
When a small amount of water evaporates, the spring
relaxes a little bit. Water remaining in the beaker (b)
gains gravitational potential energy. Therefore, the
 Work - Power - Energy 4.17

(i) V1 = V2 = V3 58. 4 m/s

Tension in segment (a) MV2
(b)
Tension in Segment
35. 2 60. (a)
36. The swing gets horizontal
37. tan–12 (b)
2 2
. mk r t
(a) 6 mg cos q 61.
(b)
. (a)
40.
(b) –r Ah2 g
41.
The positive sign of DU means external work will be
required to mix the two liquids uniformly.
42. (i) DU is negative in second case which means the
heavier liquid will automatically move to lower
43. side.
A is wrong. Under given conditions the two curves
cannot touch.
45. u= =
46.
(i) amin = g
48. (a) (ii) 2R
(b) Zero
66.
49. (a)

(b) 67.
68.
50. 2.5 m/s2 U

l . Work done is path independent and Uo

will be same for the alternative path Us

52. l

O X
53. x0
U
2mg
54. x0 =
K
Ug 2m2g2
55. (a) -Uo U0 =
K

(b) 69. 2 3 m/s

-
57. 70. - £ £ =
 4.18 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

82. (a) Compression

(a)
(b)
(b)
83. 35 N
(a) –9 Watt
72. (a)
(b)
(b)

Ê ˆ 85. (a)
(a) q = ÁË ˜¯

(b) at (b)

V = ue–mq0; No the answer does not depend on the

shape of the curve.

87.
q
O 
(c) t1> t2
88. (a)
The string will break on hitting the second nail at C. (b) q
T = 8.6 mg
(c) Stable
.
89. (a)
77.
KE T
The four points are represented by –
2.5 mgR 6 mg
q , , and

0.5 mgR
q q
O p 2p O p 2p
,
78. (a)

 1 92.
(b) mg  3 + 
 2

79. u = 115 m /s

Ê ˆ (a) 2 mg cos q [L – l cos ]

80. q= ÁË ˜¯

81.
 Work - Power - Energy 4.19

SOLUTIONS

1. (i) While walking the contact point of the shoes do not move relative to the ground, hence no work is done by the
friction. Internal forces of a system can always cause a change in KE. The muscle forces perform work which
results in change in KE.
(ii) Similar reasoning can be given for increase in PE of the monkey.
3. (a) The reference frame attached to the wedge is inertial.
In frame attached to the wedge acceleration of the block is
= q= ∞= = -

Direction of the acceleration is down the incline. Displacement in 2 s in this frame is

Displacement of the wedge

Displacement of the block in the ground frame is vector sum of Xw and Xo The component of resultant
displacement perpendicular to the incline (i.e., in the direction of normal force) is X0 sin q
Work done by N (= mg cos q) is
N
WN = [Link] q X0 sin q

X0
(b) In the frame attached to the wedge, there in no
displacement in the direction of N.
\ WN = o
4. Work done by the force on the ball is Xw

Ê ˆ È ˘
= Ú ÁË - ˜¯ = Í - ˙
Î ˚
Work energy theorem

5. (a) let position vector of be

Position vector of B,
 
Net force on particle

\ Acceleration

       [Taking g = 10 m/s2]

  

 4.20 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

È = ˘
Í ˙
ÎÍ = ˚˙




  
(b) Displacement

  

 
(c) = 138 J
(d) Change in potential energy = mg × (Vertical displacement)
= mg (–2) = – 60J
Q

6. Slope of the graph = a constant.

With increase in speed of the particle, the force must decrease so that P = Fv = a constant.
7. Fv = P

m v2dv = P dx

Integrating and simplifying gives

8. If the passenger moves up an escalator at a constant speed, the average force that he exerts on the staircase remains
unaltered equal to his weight. Therefore the force with which the motor must drive the staircase will also remain the
same. The power which has to be exerted by the motor remains the same. However a walking man will reach the
top of the escalator sooner and therefore the work done by the motor of the escalator in raising a moving man will
be less than that done in raising a stationary one (the part of the work is done by the man).
9. (ii) Mechanical energy at the time of projection

   = 10 + 40 = 50 J
 Work - Power - Energy 4.21

y
H

Kinetic energy at height y is

K = E  –  mgy
K = 50 – 2y ………………….(i)
q ¥
= + = + = + =
¥ ¥

Graph is plot of equation (1)

K in J

A
50

C
10.0
6.4 B
O y
20 21.8
height in m

point A $ bottom of the building

point B $ highest point in trajectory
point C $ top of the building
If we follow the motion of the ball, the graph starts at C, moves to B and then moves from B to A.
10. Resistance force FR = (m + nV2)
Power = FR .V
\ (m + nV2) V = P
For V = 40 m/s
[m + n (40)2] × 40 = 53 × 103
& m + 1600 n = 1325 …………(1)
For V = 10 m/s
[m + n (10)2] × 10 = 2 × 103
m + 100n = 200 …………(2)
(1) - (2)
1500 n = 1125
n = 0.75
put in (2) m = 125
\ FR = 125 + 0.75 V2
(a) P = FR.V
= [125 + 0.75 (40)2] 40 = 53000 W = 53 KW
 4.22 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

(b) V
FR

mgsinq

q
(mg sin q FR)V = 69 × 103
mg sinq V + FRV = 69000
From last part of the question
FAV = 53000 W for V = 40 m/s

q in radian will be approximately

In degree = 1. 43°

11. Work done by a conservative force in a closed path is zero

\ WAB + WBC + WCD + WDA = 0
–50 + 25 + 60 + WDA = 0
& WDA = – 35 J
UB – UA = –WA"B
UB – O = 50 J & UB = 50 J
And UD – UA = – WA"D
  UD – O = – (+ 35) & UD = – 35 J
13. Work done by the force in position of the particle changing from x = 0 to x = 5.5 m is
W = area under the given graph

= 1.75 – 2.0 = – 0.25 J

From work – energy theorem
Kf – Ki = –  0.25
\ Ki = Kf + 0.25
Since Kf > 0
\ Ki > 0.25

& u > 0.5 m/s

15. If the height of the pan at an instant is l and the boy transfers a small mass m of the sand into it, he performs a work
= mg l (against gravity).
This work done increases the gravitational potential energy of the sand mass which loses a part of it in compressing
the spring.
Therefore, total work done by the boy will be finally found as gravitational potential energy of the sand plus the
 Work - Power - Energy 4.23

elastic potential energy of the spring.

As per the question.

………………(i)

Work done

[using (1)]

16. (a) Initially, the COM of the snake is ∞= vertically below the top of the incline.

In final position, the COM is h below the top point, where

+ ∞
=

Centre of mass rises by

Work done against gravity

(b) If length were

17. Total mass of the system

The external agent must ensure that more than half the mass of the system gets to the right of the pulley. After that
he can leave the system. Ball will accelerate to the pulley.
Take PE to be zero at the horizontal level of the centre of the pulley.
Minimum work needed = Increase in gravitational PE of the system between two positions shown in fig. below.

L
4 L
2
L 3L
4

mass on both sides equal

 4.24 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

È l l l ˘
= Í- - - ˙
Î ˚
18. Increase in gravitational PE = Loss in KE
mgh = 20 J

= =
¥

19. Hint: Change in spring PE = , when the spring compresses or stretches by x.

20. The block will finally come to rest when the extension in the spring is X0 such that
KX0 = mg sinq
¥ ¥
= =
The friction will dissipate all the energy possessed by the system initially, which is
E = mgh = 4 × 10 × ([Link])
\ Wf = – 5 J
21. (a) The friction force has same magnitude during up and down journey.

v=0

\ Work done by friction while going up is same as work done by it while coming down.

(b) Total loss of mechanical energy

\ m q = ...........….. (1)

Retardation during up journey = g (sin q + m cos q)

\ u2 = 2g (sin q + m cos q). L

Using (1) = q+

& ...........…..(2)

From (2) and (1)

q =
m

m= q
 Work - Power - Energy 4.25

22. Hint: There is no change in speed of the tanker due to leakage of water.
23. (a) Let the stone reach a height h
Forces on stone are
Gravity W and
Air resistance R
Both act opposite to displacement during the upward motion.
\ Work done on stone
W R
Wo = Wg + WR
= –Wh – Rh [both W and R are constant force]
= –(W + R)h
Change in kinetic energy of stone in moving from ground to top of its path is
D k = kf – ki

From work energy theorem
Wo = D k

&

È W˘
& ÍQ m = g ˙
Î ˚
(b) For downward motion
R
Wg = Wh (positive)
WR = – Rh (negative)
D k = kf – ki

W
[Ki = KE at the top = 0]
\ From work energy theorem

&

Substituting for h

24. Consider zero of gravitational PE at initial position of the mass.

The string becomes slack when it regains its natural length.
 4.26 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

Mechanical energy conservation:

l0

V
& 2l0 String slack

& =
Let the mass come to rest at height h above the initial position.
Energy conservation
Ug = 0
B

h = 0.5 m
Therefore, the mass will come to rest at point A.
26. When ball A is at its lowest position, let the stretch in the spring be x. At this instant tension acting on B is kx.
\ N = Mg – T
T
For N to be equal to ,
N

=
B
\ The spring must stretch by x such that
(when A comes to rest) Mg

Energy Conservation:
Loss in PE of A= gain in spring PE

&

kx = 2mg

&

1 2
27. Wspring + Wthrust = mv + mgh
2

[180 kph = 50 m/s; g = 10 m/s2]

=2.096 × 105 N/m

 Work - Power - Energy 4.27

28. N = mg – F sin q N F

\ f = mN = m (Mg – F sin q)

WE Theorem:
f
Mg

= Fd (m sin q + cos q) – mMgd

Maximum value of (m sin q + cos q) is m +

When tan q = m
\ = m + -m

= m + -m

È ˘
Í m +
= - m˙
Í ˙
ÍÎ ˙˚
29. Hint : Along path 1 the normal force is less and friction force is small. Along path 2 the normal force is high.
30. (a) U = 5x2 – 20x + 2
The variation of U with x is as shown.
U(J)

2 x
–3 O
– 18

The PE is minimum when
& 10x – 20 = 0
& x = 2m
At x = 2m, U = 5 (2)2 – 20 (2) + 2 = – 18 J
At x = –3m, U = 5 (– 3)2 – 20 (– 3) + 2 = 107 J
When particle is released at x = –3, it experiences a force in positive x direction. Its KE is maximum at x = 2 m
kmax + (– 18) = 107
& kmax = 125 J
(b) Total energy of the particle is 107J . When it is at rest its its KE = 0.
\ U = 107 & 5x­2 – 20x + 2 = 107
& x2 – 4 x – 21 = 0
& x = –3, 7 m \ xmax = 7 m
 4.28 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

31. Hint: For reaching the origin the total mechanical energy of the particle must be greater than 6U0.
A minima of PE curve is the position of stable equilibrium and the particle performs oscillations about this position.
32. From P to Q the particle rotates in a circle of radius 3.5 L with speed V.
From Q to R it rotates in a circle of radius 2.5L (with centre at D ) with speed V .
From R to S it rotates in a circle of radius 1.5L with centre at C .
From S to U it goes in a circle of radius 0.5L with speed V .
S

P
U
A B

D
R
C

The speed of the particle does not change because the string tension force acting on it is always perpendicular to its
velocity. The power of the tension force is always zero. In absence of any work done on it the kinetic energy of the
particle does not change.

(a) \

(b) Just before hitting the pillar, the particle is moving in a circle of radius 0.5 L with speed V

33. (i) E = PE at extreme position [since KE at extreme is zero]

\ E = mgh = mg L (1 – cosq
q0
 L

Q 
h

(ii) The total mechanical energy of the pendulum bob at any location is same. Therefore, energy conservation gives
V1 = V2 = V3.
 Work - Power - Energy 4.29

34. Energy Conservation gives :

A

T2

wl C

T1

T1

wl B

Let T1 be tension in segment BC . For circular motion of mass at B

T1 – mg = mw2 (2l)

For circular motion of mass at C

T2 – T1 – mg = mw2l

35. Initially the bead will be in contact with the outer plate so that it receives a normal force towards centre (think of
tension in a pendulum). Since velocity at bottom is (which is less than ), there will be a point
(A) where bead will need no normal force (apart from weight) towards centre. Beyond A (up to B) it needs a radially
outward force. Hence, at A the bead falls on to the inner plate producing a clink (sound when two metal collide).
After B the bead will once again hit the outer plate. This produces the second sound.

B A
q q
O

Inner plate
Outer plate

36. Let the swing rise to an angle q

 4.30 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

q q
L

F V
mg

0.5 + (1 – 0.5) = 1 – cos q

[Q q cosq ]
& cosq
&q
\ Swing will become horizontal.
37. At position q, O

Radial acceleration of the particle is and q

Tangential acceleration is at = g sin q

ar
l V
As per the question 45°
a

& ........….... (1)

at
From conservation of mechanical energy, u

&

= 2g – 2g + 2g cos q
= 2g cos q … (2)
From (1) and (2). sin q = 2 cos q
& tan q & q = tan–12.
38. ac = k2rt2

Or, = k2rt2
Or, v = krt
Therefore, tangential acceleration, at = = kr
Or, Tangential force,
Ft = mat = mkr
 Work - Power - Energy 4.31

Only tangential force performs work.

Power = Ft v = (mkr) (krt)
Or, Power = mk2 r2 t
39. (a) The difference in K.E. at positions A and B is

KA – KB = = mg (2L cosq) = 2mgL cosq .... (1)

TA = + mg cosq

TB = – mg cosq

\ TA – TB = + 2 mg cosq ....(2)

from equation (1) and (2)

TA – TB = 6 mg cos q
(b) The component of accelerations of ball at A and B are as shown in figure. B
ar

&   O
g sin q
A

= = + q g sin q
40. In extreme position, total acceleration is equal to tangential acceleration. This is because the radial acceleration is
zero. It means total acceleration is g sin q.
At mean position (lowest position), total acceleration is the radial acceleration = l as tangential acceleration is
zero.
Conservation of energy gives

= ( - q)

& = ( - q)

& g sin q = 2 g (1 – cos q)

q q q
& =

q -
& = fi q=

41. Let velocity of particle at point P be v.

From conservation of mechanical energy A q B
h
R
mv2 = K = mgh v P

Let N be the normal reaction between the particle and the pipe at this instant. Then

N – mg sinq =
 4.32 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

But, = and

Hence , N = mg + = +

(Q K = mgh)
Hence, N = = force on the pipe.

42. (i)

Fext
O
N
q qo R

mg
cos
f q h

mg
sin mg
q

Forces acting at position q have been shown.

Fext = mg sin q + f
= mg sin q + m mg cos q
Work done in small angular displacement dq is dWext = [Link]
q

Ú( q)
\ = q+m q

From geometry,

And

È - ˘
\ = Í - ˙+m -
Î ˚

(ii) In the reference frame of the ground, the normal force of the track does not perform any work on the block. But
in the reference frame of the moving observer, the normal force does perform negative work on the block.
 Work - Power - Energy 4.33

43. Mass of water in unit length of the cylinder is x

The water level decreases at a constant rate
dx

Level falls by x at time

Mass of a length dx of water . =

If this dx length of water is transferred to the wide container in time dt then

44. l
B
N
and l
l
Mass of BC, l
l
C
A
Mass of AB, l
l q
Mg
mg
Since chain is on verge of sliding, friction is at its limiting value
f = mN = m mg cosq
m = (1 – h) mo g cos q
Chain will just start sliding if
Net driving force = Net resisting force
& Mg = mg sin q + f
& hmog = (1 – h) mog sin q + m(1 – h) mog cos q

Now as the chain moves, friction force changes due to change in N.

We consider a situation when BC = x
And AB = l – x
Mass of

-
=m q
 4.34 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

If the chain moves by a distance dx

[displacement (dx) and friction (f) are oppositely directed. ]

m m0 g cos q l
\ Wf = -
l Ú (l - x)dx
hl

[Q x = length of BC changes from hl to l]

m m0 g cos q l 2
=- (1 - h)2
l 2

  

45. Velocity of disc relative to the board is

\ Friction force acting on the board will be along while that acting on the disc will be along

.
Friction force mmg = 0.2 × 2 × 10 = 4 N


Friction on board


\ External force on the board

Power of this force = =


Friction force on the disc


External force on the disc
 
Power

Heat dissipated = -
+ =
46. The important thing to notice is that car engine can develop a certain maximum power (Pmax)
When car moves up with trailer the net force against the motion is F = 3 mg sin q R
Where R = resistance to motion = k(3m)V2 & [k = a constant]
 Work - Power - Energy 4.35

q
g sin q 3 mg
3m

\ F = 3 mg sinq kmV2
\ Pmax = F.V = ( 3mg sinq kmV2)V
When moving without trailer
Pmax = 2V (mg sin q + km (2V)2)
= 2V (mg sin q + 4 km V2)
\ (3 mg sinq + 3 km V2) V = 2V (mg sin q + 4km V2)

……………………. (a)

When car moves down the slope, with engine shut off, initially it accelerated due to mg sin q, R being small due
to small speed. But as the speed grows, R increases and eventually R becomes equal to mg sin q. After this car
experience no acceleration and moves with constant speed.

q
sin
mg
mg

Let this constant speed be u.

Then kmu2 = mg sin q
q
= = ÎÈ ( )˚˘

47. Work done by the force for a displacement is given by performing following integration with limit changing from
initial to final position

W=

= (dX î + dY )

Taking : X2 + Y2 = t
2XdX + 2YdY = dt

& XdX + YdY =

 4.36 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

& W=

This integral can be evaluated easily if the co ordinates of initial and final position are known. In order to evaluate
the integral we need not know the path taken by the particle. It means work done is path independent. Hence the
force is conservative.
(a) U = 2 (x + y)
48.
= - ∂ = -
∂

= - ∂ = -
∂

Conservative force is
To keep the particle moving uniformly on a circle, net force is centripetal force. When the particle is at (0, 4)
net force acting on it is
y
V

F0
X
O

¥
= (- ) =-

+ =

=- (
- - - )

(b) Wext = DK + DU
= 0 + U (at 4, 0) – U (at 0, 4)
= 8 – 8 = 0.


49.






(a) When power of the force is zero

 

 
fi ◊ =
& bk2 sin kt (bk – bk cos kt) – bk2 cos kt (bk – bk sin kt) = 0
 Work - Power - Energy 4.37

& b2k3 sin kt = b2k3 cos kt)

& tan kt = 1
;

(b) Velocity at



ÈÊ ˆ Ê ˆ ˘
= ( ) ÍÁ - ˜¯ + ÁË - ˜¯ ˙
ÍÎË ˙˚

Velocity at

=
\ V2 = 2bk

(+ )
= ( ) È -
Î ( - )˘˚ =
50. Elongation in the spring is x = xA– xB
Where xA= displacement of end A measured from original natural length position
xB =displacement of block measured from original position.

= 6 – 3 = 3 m/s

Potential energy in the spring =

\ acceleration of the block

51. Work done by friction can be calculated as–

ds
} dh
f dl

Consider a small displacement ds of the body at an intermediate point where slope angle of hill is q. (see fig)
Force of friction is f = mmg cos q (down the slope)
\ Work done by friction in small displacement ds is dWf = – f ds = – mmg (ds cos q)
 4.38 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

=-m [ = q ]
l l

Since the body is hauled slowly, at each point its velocity is nearly zero.
\ Dk = 0
But WN + Wmg + Wf + WF = Dk = 0 ……………….(a)
& WF = – (WN + Wmg + Wf )
= (0 – mgh – µmgl) = mg (h + ml)
52. Body acquires a velocity means it is accelerated during the course of its motion.
However, WN ,Wmg and Wf remain same as in previous question.
\ From equation (a) of previous solution.

fi = - [- -m l]

53. Observe the system from a reference frame moving to right with velocity u. In this frame the free end of the spring
remains as rest (as if tied to a wall) and the initial velocity of the block is u to left. Hence, maximum
extension (or compression) is given by

54. Let the kinetic friction force on the block be f

From work energy theorem:
Wf = DU + DK
Ê ˆ
- =Á - ˜¯ +
Ë

As the block is released from extreme position it accelerates because the spring force exceeds the friction.
At position where extension in the spring is , the friction force equals the spring force. After this the friction

force will exceed the spring force and the block will retard.

\ Speed is maximum when extension = . Again using work energy theorem gives-
Wf = DU + DK

\- =- +
 Work - Power - Energy 4.39

55. (a)

Natural V0
length
x0

3x0

Equilibrium (B) (C)

(A)
In equilibrium, the spring is compressed by [fig. (A)]

The system is released from position shown in fig (B). Compression in the spring at this position is 4x0. The
upper block will lose contact with the lower block when the spring acquires its natural length position. [Why?]

Hence, answer to first part of the question is

(b) Let’s apply law of conservation of mechanical energy to get the speed of the block when the spring reaches its
natural length.

Further height attained by the block of mass 2M is given by

\ Height attained above point of release is

56. (a) Initial PE is spring =

= ¥ ¥( ) = =

Work done by friction when the two blocks get displaced by x is
Wf = f.x = – 0.2 × 2 × 10 × x = – 4x
Till the spring returns to natural length the work done by friction will be
Wf = – 4 × 0.1 = – 0.4J
But energy available for dissipation is 0.33 J only.
\ Blocks will stop before the spring returns to its natural length.
 4.40 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

KE will be increasing till the spring force exceeds friction.

It will be maximum where
kx = m (2mg) [x = compression in spring]

x = 0.06 m
\ x0 = 0.1 – 0.06 = 0.04 m = 4 cm
let x = compression when the two blocks come to rest.

ÈÎ - ˘ = m( )( - )
˚
Solving for x we get
x = 0.02 m = 2 cm
In this position, spring force on block A is

The maximum static friction on A can be

mmg = 0.2 × 1 × 10 = 2 N
Hence, friction on A will adjust to and balance the spring force. There will be no contact force between A
and B.
(b) As in (a) you can check that the blocks will cross the natural length position of the spring. Just when the spring
starts getting stretched retardation of A will exceed the retardation of B and the two blocks will get separated.
57.

kx0 S1 X0

kx0 S2 A
2 M
X
B

When spring S1 Stretches by x0, tension in it is kx0

At this instant tension in S2 shall be

It means S2 is stretched by .

When S1 and S2 stretch by x0 and , the ball A will fall through a distance

= + = ..................(1)

[we are assuming that B does not move]

If A falls through x before coming to rest,

\ Spring force on
 Work - Power - Energy 4.41

B will just leave the table at this instant if

..................(2)

When ball A falls through x (before coming to rest) principle of conservation of energy says loss in PE of A = Gain
in spring PE

& kx = 10 mg
From (2) 5 Mg = 10 mg

58. Spring force is maximum when the system is released

F S max = kx0 = 240 N
The limiting friction on A can be
FlA = m1MA g = 250 N
Hence, block A remains fixed and does not move at all.
The limiting friction on C can be
Flc = m2MC g
Thus maximum acceleration that friction can provide to C is
acmax = m2g = 8.5 m/s2
Just after the release spring force is maximum and it will cause maximum acceleration in B. Let us assume that there
is no slipping between B and C. In that case the maximum acceleration is

= =
+
Friction can easily provide this acceleration to block C hence it will not slip over B.
Speed is maximum when the spring acquires its natural length.

& vmax = 4 m/s

59. (a) Friction force between the block and the plank = f
f M
f
F
V

Acceleration of the block – .

If the slipping stops in time ‘t’

V = 0 + at

...................(1)

For the plank external force F = friction (f)

Power of the external force P = FV
 4.42 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

Work done by external force in time ‘t’

W = Pt = FVt = ftV = MV2 [Q ft = MV from (1)]
(b) The work done by the external force can be interpreted as
W = Heat produced + gain in kE of the block.
\ = - =

Note: In the reference frame of the plank the block has initial velocity V and final velocity zero. It has lost
amount of KE. This energy has been lost as heat.

60. Maximum friction on m1 is f1max = mm1g

m
\ Extension in the spring needed to move m1 is =
Therefore, F shall be such that extension in the spring does not exceed x0. Let F0 be the force for which the block
of mass M2 moves through x0 before coming to rest.
WE theorem

=
m m
= = =

(a) Speed of m2 is maximum when it reaches the equilibrium position.

kx = f0

WE Theorem
1 1
F0 . x = k x 2 + m2V 2
2 2

61. In equilibrium the spring is stretched by = , where W = weight of the block.

Let the spring break when it is stretched further by x

N.L
x0

Fspring x

Breaking
Position

W F0
 Work - Power - Energy 4.43

k (x + x0) = F0 + W ..................(1)
When a constant force is applied, the block starts to accelerate and it gains speed. It will not come to rest at position
where k (x + x0) = W + F. It will be having a speed at that point and will move further down. The
spring can break only if the spring stretches further by x before the block stops

N.L

X0
Start
Position
X

Block stops
and spring just breaks
W F

Applying work energy theorem between starting position and the position where the block stops.

From (1) kx + kx0 = F0 + W and kx0 = W

62. (a) Assuming the reference level at the bottom of the container

= r +r = r

If the liquids mix uniformly the entire mixture will have a density of and the final PE will be

= r = r

Change in PE, DU = - = r

(b) In this case, liquid A will settle at the bottom and B will be above it. Final PE will be

Change in PE, DU = - = r - r = -r

The positive sign of DU in first case tells us that some external work will be required to mix the two liquids
uniformly.
 4.44 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

In second case DU is negative. The heavier liquid will automatically move to lower side as this decreases the
overall PE.

63. = + - q

È ˘
= = Í q - ˙= q-
Î ˚

= fi - q+ =

Discriminant of this equation is – ve for q = 30º

\ the two curves do not touch u u
64. v cos q = u sin q
..........…(i)

mg l cosq = mu2 + ..........…(ii) q

l l v
u=
65. (i) In reference frame of the truck there are two forces on the block which perform work on it –
The pseudo force and
Gravitational force
R
O
P

R
ma

mg

Applying work energy theorem for the situation when the block just manages to reach the top of the hemisphere
(change in KE = 0)
maR – mgR = 0
a=g
(ii) Once again applying work energy theorem in reference frame of the truck

Where v is vertically upward velocity of the block in reference frame of the truck at the instant it leaves the
truck.
Given a = 2g
 Work - Power - Energy 4.45

Hence, =

Which means the block will rise further by R after leaving the truck.
Therefore, answer is 2R
66. In a reference frame attached to the wire, the force on the bead has been shown in the fig.
masin  o
N

ma

mg
co
s
qo mg

qo
A C B

For equilibrium ma sinq0 = mg cosq0 ....................(1)

If q increases a little bit the tangential force ma sin q will rise and mg cos q will decrease. Therefore, the bead will
rise on the ring and then it will fall on other side to hit the table at end A.
Work done by the pseudo force = ma [R + R cosq0]
work done by mg is = mg R sin q

\ = [ + q ]+ q

v2 = 2aR (1 + cos q0) + 2gR sin q0

Ê + q ˆ
\ = ÁË q ˜¯

67.

q
l T
q

A B
mg

The block will leave the horizontal surface if it can reach a point B where
È = ˘
T cosq mg..................(i) Í ˙
Î = ˚
But T = kx = kl [secq – 1] [x = extension in spring = l(sec q –1)]
Using (i) l [at B]
 4.46 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

& q = 60°
From work energy theorem
Work done by friction = Dk +DU

-m l ∞=- + ÈÎl ( ∞ - )˘˚

l l l l l
l

l
68. The maximum compression in the spring can be calculated as

Ê ˆ
=- ( ) =- ÁË ˜¯ = -

Ê ˆ
And = ( ) = ÁË ˜¯ =

Graph has been shown in the answer.

69. = fi = fi =
Note that energy to be given is 6 J and NOT 10 J. Why?

70. Putting a =1 and b = 1

U = x4 – 5x2

= = = =-

At x = 0; U = 0
at x = 0; U = 0
U (J)
at = = - =-

5 25
x=- ; U = - J = U min
2 4
Graph of U vs x is as shown in the fig.
– 5/2 5/2
O X
– 5 5

-25
Since K + U = 0 4
 Work - Power - Energy 4.47

\ particle will remain between

5
Vmax = m/s
2
71. (a) Force on the particle,

The – ve sign indicates attractive force.

For the motion to be circular

& ..............… (i)

For r = a0

\ KE

p p p
(b) Time period, = = =

72. (a) In reference frame of bowl, the block acquires a velocity V , in horizontal direction.
N
V

mg

V

R.F. of bowl
Block will lose contact (N = 0) if the force mg is not good enough to provide sharp enough turning to the path
of the block.

V > Rg
(b) In reference frame of the bowl, we use work energy theorem for motion of the block
N

ma

v q
mg

O
 4.48 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

For small q, sin q = q and cos q = 1

\ ..............… (1)

Also 

= mg – maq – 2maq
For N > 0
mg > 3maq

&

73. (a) Energy conservation

But as per question

and

&

&

(b) " increases with time. The graph is as shown below.

at
at

g
g

A2
A1

 O t
/2 t1 t2
 Work - Power - Energy 4.49

(c) Area A1 under the graph gives change in magnitude of velocity from A to B

\
Similarly, A2 = change in magnitude of velocity from B to C .

For A1 = A2, looking at the graph one can easily say that
t1 > t2
74. Particle is projected from P and follows a circular path C1 till it reaches Q .

S C2

q V1
V2 C
C3
0.4R q
B
A Q
0.3 R

C1

u = 5gR
p
At Q (just before the thread hits the nail at B ) its speed is V1 .

&

Tension at this moment is

Just after the thread hits the nail at B, particle starts moving on circle C2 (centered at B )
Tension at Q just after the thread hits the nail at B is

% change in tension is

The particle will be at point S when the thread hits the nail at C .
Energy Conservation between S and Q

[Q ; CS = 0.7 R – 0.5 R = 0.2 R]

\
 4.50 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

Tension just before the string hits the nail C is

Just after the string hits the nail, particle moves on a circle of radius 0.2R

= 8.6 mg
% change in tension

Hence, the string breaks.

75. (a) The centre of the ball moves in a circle of radius .

v

sq
co
mg

mg

From figure ............… (a)

From conservation of energy …................ (b)

Eliminating v2 from (a) and (b) we get

N = mg(3 cosq – 2) …......... (c)
Initially, for small q , (3 cosq – 2) > 0 and N is positive.
This means ball is in contact with the sphere A which exerts an outward normal force.

When ; N = 0 and ball loses contact with A.

Naturally, it comes in contact with B and direction of N gets reversed. In fact, this is envisaged in the equation (c)
as N is < 0 for
 Work - Power - Energy 4.51

\ NA = mg(3 cosq –2) for

NB = mg(2 – 3 cosq for

(b) The two graphs look as shown in figure

NA
N
mg 5 mg

mg

cos q
O 2/3 1 cos q –1 2/3

Note that when q ° (cosq

NA = mg
And, when q (cosq –1)
NB = 5 mg
76. Let the string slack at point D (see figure).
A
v
E

F 90–q D
q

q
O

C u
B

Particle moves in a circular path from C to D. At D it leaves the circular path and follows a parabolic path (a projectile).
It crosses the line AB, when it is moving horizontally. It means while crossing AB at point E it is at the top of the
parabolic path.
At D , string tension = 0

\        ...............(a)

[v = velocity at D]
From conservation of energy

v2 = u2 – 2gL (1 + sin q) ..................(b)

Horizontal range of projectile (starting from D at an angle (90 – q with horizontal)

 4.52 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

[From formula for range]

From geometry of figure

&

& [Q from (a), = q]

&

& &

& &q

Now from (a)

Substituting in (b) u2 = v2 + 2gL (1 + sinq

77. At position q, let the speed be V and tension T.

v
R
 T
R mg cos q

mg
u

Energy conservation + ( q )=

     ….............(1)

[Q = ]
 Work - Power - Energy 4.53

\ Kinetic energy is

Equation for force in radial direction

T = mg cosq mg + 2mg cosq [using (1) to get the value of ]

T = 3mg(1 + cosq ..............… (2)
The graphical plots are
KE T

2.5 mgR 6 mg

0.5 mgR
q q
O p 2p O p 2p

78. The desired position is shown.

O C
B
q

u A

q
p' D
q = p/3
p

Arc

The vertical height difference between p' and p is

h = R – CD
È ˘
=p Í q+ p q˙
Î ˚

\
 4.54 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

(b) Writing equation for centripetal force

79. When train is at rest

[L = length of pendulum]

&

When the train is moving horizontally at an acceleration ‘a’ , we can assume that inside the train effective acceleration
due to gravity is
a = 7.5

g = 10
g eff
VA
= 12.5 m/s2
A
TA
37°
mg eff
O

q
In accelerated train, minimum tension will be at point A.
g eff
u
p

In limiting case TA = 0

.......….....(1)

Applying energy conservation between points P and A

 Work - Power - Energy 4.55

80.
A R O
V


B
x

v = speed with which the block leaves the surface at B

= q

v2 = 2gR cos q ............… (1)

Range of the projectile released from B is

q
= = q q    [from (1)]

= 4 R cos2 q. sin q
x is maximum when

& – 2 cos q sin2 q + cos3 q = 0

& cos q [cos2 q – 2 sin2 q] = 0

cosq is not acceptable [It will give zero range]
\ cos q – 2 sin2 q = 0
2

81. Let the particle leave the circular path at an angle q (as shown)

T V

q
R P
Q
q

Energy conservation

= [ + q]
 4.56 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

& = [ + q ] .............… (1)

Centripetal force [with tension becoming zero]

= q ...............… (2)

From (1) and (2) g cos q = 4g – 2g – 2g cos q

q=

From (2)

After this the particle goes in a parabolic path. Tangential acceleration becomes zero when it is at the top most point
of its trajectory (at point T)
Required distance is RQ = L sin q – Half the range of projectile.
q q
=

82. (a) T

°
30
s
co

g
m R
30° V

mg

When q
Let the force exerted by the rod on the bob be T as shown.

Then q = .............… (i)

Where R = length of the rod

From conservation of energy

&

&
 Work - Power - Energy 4.57

From (i)

&

\ Rod exerts a force T on the bob radially outwards.

\ Force exerted on the rod by the bob is radially inward, i.e., compressive.
(b)

sq
V

co


g
m
mg

At the point where compression changes to tension, we have

T=0

& V2 = gR cos q …........... (i)

From Energy conservation

& gR cos q = 2gR (1 – cos q)

& cosq &

83. The bob will experience free fall for a distance of L = 1.8 m.
Speed of the bob just before the string gets taut is

L O

30° 60°
O
30°
L L
L cos 60°=
2

ur ut
ut
u
V
 4.58 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

As the string gets taut, the radial component of velocity vanishes.

Only the tangential component will remain.

Energy conservation

V2 = 27 + 10 × 1.8 = 45

84. (a) Mean or average power

Time of motion can be calculated as

v = u + at
& 0 = v0 – mgt    [Q f = mmg \ a = mg]

&

Work done by friction = loss in kinetic energy [whole kinetic energy is lost in doing work against friction]

\ Work done by friction, =

m
\ < >=- = m = ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ = watt
(b) When body is at a distance x from the starting point, retarding friction force is
f = mmg

\ = -m

\ = -m

\ = -m

Ú = -a Ú

-
& = -a

\ = -a
 Work - Power - Energy 4.59

& = -a

Instantaneous power of friction force is

 

= f v cos 180°

= -m -a

= -a -a

p is maximum when

È - a ˘
& -a Í -a + ˙=
Í -a ˙
Î ˚

& -a -a =

&

&

Ê ˆ
\ = -a Á ˜ -a
Ë a ¯ a

   =- a
85. (a) When M descends through Rq , radius vector of m rotates through q as shown in figure. The normal contact
force does not perform any work. Only other force is gravity (which is conservative).

Rq
R sin q

Rq

\ loss in PE = gain in KE

Loss in PE of M–gain in PE of m

(Since speed of both M and m will be same.)

\
 4.60 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

(b) Consider the motion of m at this instant.

N V

mg sin q
q

mg

= q-

& = q-

q- q
= q-
+
È + q- q+ q ˘
= Í ˙
Î + ˚

=
+
[ + q- q]

(c) Just after release

q Æ
sin q = q

\ =
+
[ + q- q] = [ - q]
+
For contact to be maintained N > 0
& 3m > M
86. Consider the object at point P on the curve. Let its velocity at this point be V making an angle q with the original
direction. Let the centre of curvature of the path at this point be O and the radius of curvature be R.
f

N V
R
q dq

The normal force is

 Work - Power - Energy 4.61

Kinetic friction force on the object is

Work done by the friction in small angular displacement dq of the block is dWf = – f (Rdq) = –mmV2dq
From work energy theorem, work done by the friction is equal to change in KE of the object

dK = mV dV

\ mVdV = –mmV2dq

& &

& &
- mq
& =

& V = ue –mq0
Answer does not depend on the shape of the curve.
87. Monkey slides down with a constant acceleration of . It means the tension in the elastic cord just before the
monkey lands on the platform is .

Extension in the cord by this time = x0

Then

Elastic potential energy stored in the cord

Kinetic Energy of monkey just at the time of hitting the platform

[Q monkey accelerates over a length of ]

\ =

Let the cord stretch further by x.

Applying energy conservation
Loss in KE + loss in gravitational PE = gain in spring PE
 4.62 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

& 9L2 + 16 Lx = 32 x2 + 8L.x

& 32x2 – 8 Lx – 9 L2 = 0

      [–ve sign is unacceptable]

\ Maximum extension
88. d d

q q

C
A m B
m m

(a) PE of the system in position shown is

U = – mg d cot q – 2 mg [L – d cosec q]
  = – 2mgL – mgd [cot q – 2 cosec q]
È q- ˘
=- - Í
  Î q ˙˚

È - q˘
=- + Í
  Î q ˙˚

(b) U is maximum or minimum when

q + q - - q q
q = & ◊ =
q
& q + q - - q q=

& q+ q- q=

& q= & q= ∞
 Work - Power - Energy 4.63

\ Equilibrium is at q = ∞

You can verify this using simple force diagram.

(c) If > , equilibrium is stable

q

If < , equilibrium is unstable

q
Ê - qˆ
= ÁË ˜
q q ¯
È q q - - q q q ˘
\ 2
= ◊Í ˙
q ÎÍ q ˚˙
At q = 60°

È ˆ˘
Í ◊ ◊ Ê ˆÊ
-Á - ◊ ˜Á ◊ ◊ ˜˙
Í Ë ¯Ë ¯˙
\ = ◊Í ˙
q2 Í Ê ˆ ˙
Í Á ˜ ˙
ÍÎ Ë ¯ ˙˚
\ >
q2

\ q = 60° is position of stable equilibrium

89. (a) If m is mass of each particle, tension in each string is T = mg.

For equilibrium of the knot it is necessary that the three strings form 120° angle with each other. The situation
has been shown in figure.
A, B and C are holes and K is the knot.
A

T
120
0°

1m 1m
12

T K T

D
B 1 C
m
3

\
 4.64 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

And

\ length of string on the table is

(b) The point K shown in the figure above is the desired point. The equilibrium position is the one with the lowest
potential energy of masses, that is the one with the most string hanging below the table. In other words, in
equilibrium least length of the strings will be lying on the table.
90. Let P be the point where rod makes an angle q with the upward vertical. v is velocity of mass at this point.
v

sq
q
mg sin q

co
O mg
mg

u
A

T is force exerted y rod on the particle towards centre. By conservation of mechanical energy

& v2 = u2 – 2ag (1 + cosq) ................ (a)

At point P

Radial acceleration = = - + q

Tangential acceleration at = g sin q (in the direction shown)

ar sin q at sin q

q ar
at

Resolving ar and at in horizontal directions, we get the horizontal component of acceleration (in the direction of u)
as
aH = at cos q – ar sin q

= q◊ q- q+ + q q
 Work - Power - Energy 4.65

È ˘
=Í q+ - ˙ q
ÍÎ ˙˚
(b) When aH = 0
È ˘
qÍ ( q+ )- ˙=
ÍÎ ˙˚
& sin q &q or

Also when q+ - =

-
q= ..............… (b)

Since 4 ag < u2 < 5 ag ; (u2 – 2 ag) < 3 ag and a real value of q exists satisfying (b)

-
Ê - ˆ
\q= Á ˜
Ë ¯
Ê - -
ˆ
and q = p - Á ˜
Ë ¯
Thus, horizontal acceleration is zero at four points given by

q = 0, , and

Figure shows the four points A

D C

a a

B

 
( )
Note: If u2 > 5ag, then

As

Thus, only two solutions result, q and p.

91. What is the physical condition for the load getting separated from the wedge?

q
M

O
4.66 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

As the mass m moves in a vertical circle, it pushes the wedge towards right. At any moment, the horizontal component
of displacement of m and M are equal. This means, the horizontal component of velocity of m is equal to the
velocity of M. However, at a certain value of q , the horizontal component of acceleration of m becomes zero and
thereafter becomes negative. From this point onwards the horizontal component of velocity of m starts decreasing.
But the velocity acquired by M cannot decrease as there are no retarding forces on it. Thus, the two masses get
separated at the moment the horizontal acceleration of m changes from positive to negative (i.e., becomes zero).
\ Condition when contact is lost is
ax = horizontal acceleration of m = 0
At the moment contact is lost, let the velocity of m be v.
Velocity of M will be equal to horizontal component of velocity of m .

v cos 

l
v
q v sin 

X
O

\ Velocity of M is vx = v cosq
As there are no dissipative forces, mechanical energy of the system is conserved.
\ loss in P.E of m = gain in K.E of m + gain in K.E. of M

\ - q = + q

- q
& =      ...........… (a)
+ q
Now the mass m has two accelerations

Radial
Tangential at = g sin q
[Note that contact force N, between m and M is zero at the instant contact is lost. Therefore, force in tangential
direction is only mg sinq .]
The acceleration of mass m in horizontal direction is

= q◊ q- q    [See figure.]

v2
sin q g sin q cos q
l

g sin q
v2
l
q

For loosing contact ax = 0

- q q
\ q◊ q- =    [using (a)]
+ q
 Work - Power - Energy 4.67

& 2 mg – 2mg cos q – mg cos q – Mg cos3 q = 0     [sinq is not acceptable]

It is given that this happens when q = p/3
p
\ - ¥ = p

&

&

& M = 4m

(b) from (a)

- p
= =
+ p

\ Speed of M at the instant is

vx = v cos = p

92. Why at all the tube will rise? As the balls slide down, N cos q N cos q Force on
N N
tube wall
initially they are in contact with inner wall of the tube and
at a certain point they leave the inner circle and get in touch N sin 
N sin q
with outer circle, so that normal reaction is inward on the
balls.  N
R
The balls exert an equal and opposite force on the outer wall
of tube (see figure)
When 2N cos q Mg (weight of tube), the tube will begin to
rise. mg
Considering the dynamics of ball

= q+ …........... (a)

From conservation of energy

= mgR (1 – cos q) .......…..... (b) [For each ball]

From (a) and (b), eliminating v2, we get

N = mg (2 – 3 cos q)
For tube to rise
2 N cos q > Mg
2 m cos q (2 – 3 cos q) > M .....................(c)
For the tube to just start rising, the maximum value of
Z = cos q (2 – 3 cos q) must satisfy the above inequality.
Z is maximum if
 4.68 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

&

\ from (c)

& for the tube to rise.

(b) Equation (c) gives the value of q .

When M = 0,
2 m cos q (2 – 3 cos q) = 0     [In limiting case]
& cosq

93.

v0
A

Let v = speed at B.
Tension in the string at B = 0

& v2 = gl cos q ............… (a)

After B , the motion of particle is that of a projectile . One can consider it a projectile thrown down the incline BOC.
The particle hits the incline at C .
v

q
B

b  q
C

\ Range along the incline = BO + OC = 2l

Incline angle b –q
For such a projectile, you can prove that the range along the incline will be
q◊ ∞ q
= 2l cot2 q
q
 Work - Power - Energy 4.69

\ 2l = 2l cot2 q
\ cot2 q
Or, q
Now we can use conservation of energy between points A and B , which gives

= + + q

& = + + q
Using (a)
= q+

[Q q ]

94. As shown in sketch. If we take the zero of gravitational potential energy at the pivot (point O), we have
U(q) = mg [L cos q – l cos (a + q)] + mg [L cos q – l cos (a – q)]
= 2 mg cos q [L – l cos a]

l cos (a+q) l
L l l cos (a–q)
Lcosq
m
O m
For equilibrium,

=- q (L – l cos a) = 0
q
& sin q = 0 or q = 0, as we expect from symmetry.
To investigate the stability of the equilibrium position, we must examine the second derivative of the potential
energy. We have

=- q [L – l cos a]
q
At equilibrium, =- a [L – l cos a]
q q=

For the second derivative to be positive, we have L – l cos a < 0 or L < l cos a.
In order for the teeter toy to be stable, the weights must hang below pivot.
 05 MOMENTUM AND CENTER OF MASS

(b) Which force performed greater work?

LEVEL 1
Q. 4. An observer O1 standing on ground finds
Q. 1. A particle is acted upon by a force for 1 second that momentum of a projectile of mass 2 kg

whose X component remains constant at Fx =
30 N but y and z components vary with time as
(
changes with time as P01 = 4t iˆ + 20 t kˆ kg m/s )
shown in the graph. Calculate the magnitude of

Acceleration due to gravity is g = 10kˆ m/s2 ( )
change in momentum of the particle in 1 s. What and there is a wind blowing in horizontal direction.
angle does the change in momentum P make Another observer O2 driving a car observes that
with X axis? momentum of the same projectile changes with
(N) time as -

80 ( )
P02 = 8t iˆ − 16t 2 ˆj + 20t kˆ kg m/s. Find the ac-
FZ
1
celeration of the car at t = s
40 8
Fy Q. 5. Water flows through a tube assembly as shown
t (s)
in the fig. Speed of flow (marked as V and 2V),
O 1 cross sectional area (A, A/2 and A/4) and the
Q. 2. Two block A and B of equal mass are connected angles between segments has been shown in fig.
using a light inextensible string passing over two Calculate the force applied by the water flow on
light smooth pulleys fixed to the blocks (see fig). the tube. Take density of water to be r.
The horizontal surface is smooth. Every segment A/2
of the string (that is not touching the pulley) is
V
horizontal. When a horizontal force F1 is applied 0
to A the magnitude of momentum of the system, 60
A V
cos
–1 3
comprising of A + B, changes at a rate R. When a
4
horizontal force F2 is applied to B (F1 not applied)
the magnitude of momentum of the system A + B A 2V
4
once again changes at the rate R. Which force is
larger - F1 or F2? Q. 6. A man is running along a road with speed u.
A B On his chest there is a paper of mass m and area
F1
m m F2
S. There is a wind blowing against the man at
speed V. Density of air is r. Assume that the air
molecules after striking the paper come to rest
Q. 3. A particle of mass m = 1 kg is moving in space in relative to the man. Find the minimum coefficient
X direction with a velocity of 10 ms–1. A 4 N force of friction between the paper and the chest so that
acting in Y direction is applied on it for a time the paper does not fall?
interval of 5.0 s. Later a 5 N force was applied on
it in Z direction for 4.0 s Q. 7. Two particles A and B of mass 2 m and m
(a) Calculate the total work done by both the respectively attract each other by mutual
forces. gravitational force and no other force acts on
 5.2 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

them. At time t = 0, A was observed to be at rest A

and B was moving away from A with a speed u. At u
a later time t it was observed that B was moving
B
towards A with speed u. Assume no collision
has taken place by then. Find work done by the
gravitational force in the time interval 0 to t wall
Q. 8. (i) A block of mass m moving towards right
with a velocity V strikes (head on) another Q. 11. Two identical balls A and B are moving as shown
block of mass M which is at rest connected in the fig. Ball A hits a smooth floor head on with a
to a spring. The coefficient of restitution velocity u and at the same instant ball B strikes A
for collision between the blocks is e = 0.5. head on with a horizontal velocity u. The collision
between A and B is perfectly inelastic whereas the
M
Find the ratio
for which the subsequent coefficient of restitution for collision between A
m and the floor is e = 0.5. At what time the two balls
compression in the spring is maximum. There will collide again? Assume friction to be absent
is no friction. everywhere.
V

m M A u

(ii) Ball A collides head on with another identical B u

ball B at rest. Find the coefficient of restitution
if ball B has 80% of the total kinetic energy of
Q. 12. Two blocks of mass m and M are lying on a
the system after collision.
smooth table. A spring is attached with the block
Q. 9. A ball having mass m and velocity u makes a head of mass M (see fig). Block of mass m is given a
on collision with another ball. After collision velocity towards the other block. Find the value
velocity of the ball of mass m was found to be M
V in the direction of its original motion. The of for which the kinetic energy of the system
m
interaction force between the two balls during
will never fall below one third of the initial kinetic
their collision has been shown in the graph. The
energy imparted to the block of mass m.
area of the shaded part of the graph is same as
the area of the not shaded part. Find the velocity m M
of the balls at the instant they were having equal
velocity.
F
m u Q. 13. Two identical blocks A and B have two identical
springs fixed to them (see fig). Mass of each block
t is M and force constant of each spring is K. The
Q. 10. Ball A is about to hit a wall at an angle of two blocks have been placed on a smooth table.
incidence of q = 30°. But before hitting the wall Another block C of mass m (< < M) is placed
it made a head on collision with another identical between A and B and is held close to A so as to
ball B. The ball B then collides with the wall. The compress the spring attached to A by X0. From
coefficient of restitution for collision between this position the system is released. C moves to
two balls is e1 = 0.8 and that between a ball and push B and then is back to push A. The sequence
the wall is e1 = 0.6. Find the final velocity of ball continues until all interactions between the blocks
B. Initial velocity of A was u = 5 ms–1. Neglect cease. Find the speeds eventually acquired by A
friction. and B.
È -1 Ê 2.25 ˆ ˘ A C B
Ítan ÁË 2.34 ˜¯ = 44∞˙
Î ˚
 MomentUm and Center of Mass 5.3

Q. 14 A particle of mass m is flying horizontally at rest and the impact parameter d is equal to
velocity u. It strikes a smooth inclined surface and ÷3 R where R is radius of each ball. Due to impact
its velocity becomes vertical. the direction of motion of ball A changes by 30°.
(a) Find the loss in kinetic energy of the particle Find the velocity of B after the impact. It is given
due to impact if the inclination of the incline that collision is elastic.
is 60° to the horizontal. A
(b) Can the particle go vertically up after collision u
if inclination of the incline is 30°?

d = 3R
B

u m

Q. 18. (a) Two identical balls are moving along X axis

and undergo an elastic collision. Plot the
60° position time graph for the two balls.
(b) Consider five identical balls moving along
Q. 15. A block A of mass 2 kg is moving to right with X axis. What is the maximum number of
a speed of 5 m/s on a horizontal smooth surface. collisions that is possible? Assume that more
Another block B of mass 2 kg, with a mass less than two balls do not collide at the same time
spring of force constant K =200 N/m attached to and collisions are elastic.
it, is moving to left on the same surface with a
speed of 3 m/s. Block A collides with the spring Q. 19. Two particles of mass m each are attached to
attached to B. Calculate the end of a mass less spring. This dumb-bell
is moving towards right on a smooth horizontal
(a) the final velocity of the block A.
surface at speed V with the spring relaxed. Another
(b) the minimum kinetic energy of the system of identical dumb-bell is moving along the same line
two blocks during subsequent motion. is opposite direction with the same speed. The
(c) Repeat part (b) if there is no spring and the two dumb-bells collide head on and collision is
two blocks collide head on. Assume that the elastic. Assuming collisions to be instantaneous,
blocks are made of perfectly elastic material. how many collisions will take place?
3 m/s
2 kg 5 m/s 2 kg V V
A B

Q. 16. A box of mass M is at rest on a horizontal surface. Q. 20. Two blocks of mass m1 and m2 are moving along
A boy of mass m (< M) wants to push the box by a smooth horizontal floor. A non-ideal spring is
applying a horizontal force on it. The boy knows attached at the back of mass m2. Initial velocities
that he will not be able to push the box as the of the blocks are u1 and u2 as shown; with u1 >
coefficient of friction µ between his shoes and u2. After collision the two blocks were found to
ground is almost equal to that between the box and be moving with velocities V1 and V2 respectively.
the ground. He decides to run, acquire a speed u Find the ratio of impulse (on each block) during
and then bang into the box. After hitting the box, the deformation phase of the spring and that
the boy keeps pushing as hard as possible. What during its restoration phase. [By non ideal spring
is the maximum distance through which the box we mean that it does not completely regain its
can be displaced this way? original shape after deformation. You can neglect
m the mass of the spring.]
M m1 m2
u1 u2

Q. 17. A smooth ball A travels towards another

identical ball B with a velocity u. Ball B is at
 5.4 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

Q. 21. A ball moving with velocity V0, makes a head on blocks. A bullet of mass m0, moving with speed u
collision with another identical ball at rest. The hits the block of mass M and gets embedded into
velocity of incident ball and the other ball after it. The collision is instantaneous. Assuming that
collision is V1 and V2 respectively. m always stays over M, calculate the maximum
(a) Using momentum conservation write an extension in the spring caused during the
equation having V1 and V2 as unknowns. Plot subsequent motion.
a graph of V1 vs V2 using this equation. K = 8960 N/m ; u = 400 m/s
support
(b) Assuming the collision to be elastic write an m
K
equation for kinetic energy. Plot a graph of V1
vs V2 using this equation. m0
u M
(c) The intersection point of the above two
graphs gives solution. Find V1 and V2 . Q. 24. Starting from a height H, a ball slips without
(d) In a particular collision, the plot of graphs friction, down a plane inclined at an angle of 30°
mentioned above is as shown in figure to the horizontal (fig.). After leaving the inclined
V1 (m/s) plane it fall under gravity on a parabolic path and
hits the horizontal ground surface. The impact is
perfectly elastic (It means that there is no change
2 (0.5, 1.5) in horizontal component of ball’s velocity and its
vertical velocity component gets inverted. There
(1.5, 0.5) is no change in speed due to collision). Will the
V2 .(m/s) ball rise to a height equal to H or less than H after
O 2 the impact?

30°
O

H
Find V1 and V2 for this collision. Also write the
percentage loss in kinetic energy during the
collision.
Q. 22. A particle having charge +q and mass m is
approaching (head on) a free particle having mass
M and charge 10 q. Initially the mass m is at large Q. 25. Hailstones are observed to strike the surface of
distance and has a velocity V0, whereas the other the frozen lake at an angle of 30° with the vertical
particle is at rest. and rebound at 60° with the vertical. Assuming
the contact to be smooth, find the coefficient of
(a) Find the final velocity of the two particles
restitution.
when M = 20 m.
(b) Find the final state of the two particles if M = Q. 26. A ball of mass m approaches a heavy wall of mass
m. M with speed 4 m/s along the normal to the wall.
q +10 q The speed of wall before collision is 1m/s towards
V0 the ball. The ball collides elastically with the wall.
m What can you say about the speed of the ball after
M
collision? Will it be slightly less than or slightly
Q. 23. In the system shown in fig. block of mass M is higher than 6 m/s ?
placed on a smooth horizontal surface. There is
a mass less rigid support attached to the block. Q. 27. A particle is thrown upward with speed 20÷2
Block of mass m is placed on the first block and m/s. It strikes the inclined surface as shown in the
it is connected to the support with a spring of figure. Collision of particle and inclined surface is
force constant K. There is no friction between the perfectly inelastic. What will be maximum height
 MomentUm and Center of Mass 5.5

(in m) attained by the particle from the ground (g ball 1. After the collision ball 2 itself goes straight
= 10 m/s2) into the hole at A. Prove that ball 1 will fall into
the hole at C. Assume that the balls are identical
and their dimensions are too small compared to
the dimensions of a hole. All collisions are elastic
20 2 m/s
A B
45°
?

O
4m
1
Q.28. 2n identical cubical blocks are kept in a straight
line on a horizontal smooth surface. The 2
D C
separation between any two consecutive blocks is
same. The odd numbered blocks 1, 3, 5,.....(2n–1) Q. 32. Blocks shown in figure have been placed on a
are given velocity v to the right whereas blocks smooth horizontal surface and mass of (n + 1)th
2, 4, 6,......2n are given velocity v to the left. All
1
collisions between blocks are perfectly elastic. block is 20 times the mass of nth block (where
Calculate the total number of collisions that will n = 1, 2, 3, 4,.....). The first block is given an
take place. initial velocity u towards the second block.
All collision are head on elastic collisions.
If u = 10 m/s then how many blocks must
be kept so that the last one acquires speed
Q.29. A small ball with mass M = 0.2 kg rests on top
equal to or greater than the escape speed
of a vertical column with height h = 5 m. A bullet
(= 11.0 km s–1)
with mass m = 0.01 kg, moving with velocity
v0 = 500 m/s, passes horizontally through the  40 
[Take log10  = 0.28 and log10 (11) = 1.04]
center of the ball. The ball reaches the ground at  21 
a horizontal distance s = 20 m from the column. u
Where does the bullet reach the ground? What part
of the kinetic energy of the bullet was converted 1
2 3 4 5 ..........
into heat when the bullet passed through the ball?
Neglect resistance of the air. Assume that g = 10
Q. 33. There is a long narrow and smooth groove in a
m/s2.
horizontal table. Two identical blocks A and B
Q. 30. Figure shows a circular frictionless track of radius each of mass m are placed inside the groove at
R, centred at point O. A particle of mass M is some separation. An ideal spring is fixed to A as
released from point A (OA = R/2). After collision shown. Block A is given a velocity u to the right
with the track, the particle moves along the track. and it interacts with B through the spring.
(a) Find the coefficient of restitution e.
A u B
(b) What will be value of e if the velocity of
the particle becomes horizontal just after
collision?
O A (a) What will be final state of motion of the two
blocks?

(b) During their course of interaction what is the
minimum kinetic energy of the system?

(c) The spring is removed and the two blocks are
tied using a mass less string. Now A is set
Q. 31. A rectangular billiard table has dimensions AB =
into motion with speed u. What will be the
4÷3 feet and BC = 2 feet. Ball 1 is at the centre of
final state of motion of the two blocks in this
the table. Ball 2 moving perpendicular to CD hits
case ? How much kinetic energy is lost by the
 5.6 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

system? Where goes this energy? distance of the centre of mass of the particle
A u B system from the centre of the polygon.

(ii) In the last problem you have been asked to
remove any one particle from the system so
that the centre of mass of the remaining 2014
string
particles lies farthest from the geometrical
Q. 34. A carpet lying on ground has length L, width a centre of the polygon. Which particle will
and a small thickness d. It is rolled over a light you remove?
L Q. 37. Two identical block A and B each having mass
cylindrical pipe of radius r = and
100 π m, are connected with a spring of force constant
k. The floor is smooth and A is pushed so as to
kept on a level ground. Increase in gravitational
compress the spring by x0. The system is released
potential energy of the carpet is U1 (compared
from this position
to its initial position when it was lying flat). In
another experiment the carpet was folded to (a) Calculate the maximum speed of the centre
give it a shape of a cuboid (see figure) having of mass of the system during subsequent
width b. When this is placed on level ground its motion.
gravitational potential energy is U2 higher than (b) What is acceleration of the centre of mass
its initial position (flat on ground). It is given that at the instant it acquires half its maximum
d = 10–4 L. Find b for which U1 = U2. [Take speed?
π
= 1.25 ]
2
k
a
B
A
L
a r
d
Q. 38. A dancer leaps off the floor with her centre of
mass having a velocity of 5 m/s making an angle of
q 37° to the horizontal. At the top of the trajectory
a the dancer has her legs stretched so that the centre
of mass gets closer to head by a vertical distance
of 0.25 m. By how much does the head rises

vertically from its initial position? sin 37° = 

3
b
 5
.
Q. 35. Two identical thin rods are welded as shown in
the fig. B is midpoint of rod CD. Now the system
is cut into two parts through its center of mass M.
The part AM weights 4 kg. Find the mass of the
other part.
C

30°
A
B

D
Q. 39. In order to make a jump straight up, a 60 kg
Q. 36. (i) A regular polygon has 2016 sides and r is player starts the motion crouched down at rest.
the radius of the circle circumscribing the He pushes hard against the ground, raising his
polygon. Particles of equal mass are placed centre of mass by a height h0 = 0.5 m. Assume
at 2015 vertices of the polygon. Find the that his legs exert a constant force F0 during this
 MomentUm and Center of Mass 5.7

motion. At this point, where his centre of mass Q. 43. Consider a uniform rectangular plate. If a straight
has gone up by h0 his feet leave the ground and line is drawn, passing through its centre of mass
he has an upward velocity of v. Centre of mass of (in the plane of the plate), so as to cut the plate
his body rises further by h = 0.8 m before falling in two parts – the two parts obtained are of equal
down [Take g = 10 m/s2] mass irrespective of the orientation of the line.
(a) Find v. Can you also say that a straight line passing
through the centre of mass of a triangular plate,
(b) Find the normal force applied by the ground irrespective of its orientation, will also divide the
on his feet just before he left the ground. triangle into two pieces of equal mass?
Q. 40. A platform is kept on a rough horizontal surface. Q. 44. Two spherical bodies of masses m and 5 m and radii
At one end A of the platform there is a man R and 2R respectively are released in free space
standing on it. The man runs towards the end B with initial separation between their centres equal
and the platform is found to be moving. In which to 12R. If they attract each other due to gravitational
direction will the platform be moving after the force only then find the distance covered by smaller
man abruptly comes to rest on the platform at B? sphere just before collision.

R 2R
12R

A B
m
5m
Q. 45. A shell is fired vertically upward with a speed of
Q. 41. Two particles P and Q have mass 1 kg and 2 kg 60 m/s. When at its maximum height it explodes
respectively. They are projected along a vertical into large number of fragments. Assume that the
line with velocity up = 20 m/s and uQ = 5 m/s fragments fly in every possible direction and all
when separation between them Q of them have same initial speed of 25 m/s
was 60 m. P was projected [Take g = 10 m/s2]
uQ
vertically up while Q was (a) Prove that after the explosion all the fragments
projected vertically down. will lie on an expanding sphere. What will be
Calculate the maximum height 60 m speed of the centre of the sphere thus formed
attained by the centre of mass of – one second after explosion?
the system of two particles, (b) Find the radius of the above mentioned
measured from the initial P uP sphere at the instant the bottom of the sphere
position of P. Assume that the touches the ground.
particles do not collide and that the ground is far
below their point of projection [g = 10 m/s2] Level 2
Q. 42. Two small motors are kept on a smooth table at
a separation L. The motors have mass M and 2M Q. 46. A car of mass M is free to move on a frictionless
and are connected by a light thread. The motors horizontal surface. A gun fires bullets on the car.
begin to wrap the thread and thereby move The bullets leave the stationary gun with speed u
closer to each other. The tension in the thread and mass rate b kg s–1. The bullets hit the vertical
is maintained constant at F. Find the time after rear surface of the car while travelling horizontally
which the two motors will collide. Neglect the and collisions are elastic. If the car starts at rest
dimensions of the motors and their stands. find its speed and position as a function of time.
2M Mass of the car M >> mass of each bullet.
M
u
M

L Q. 47. (i) Liquid of density r flows at speed u along a

flexible pipe bent into a semicircle of radius
 5.8 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

R. The cross sectional area of the pipe is A and the block with a velocity of u = 100 m/s. The
its cross sectional radius is small compared to ball keeps bouncing back and forth between the
R. Three strings S1, S2 and S3 keep the pipe block A and fixed wall B. Each of the collisions
in place. S3 ties the two ends of the pipe and is elastic. After the ball has made 1000 collisions
the other two string have their ends secured at with the block and wall each, the distance between
A and B. Strings S1and S2 are perpendicular the block and the wall was found to be L = 1.2
to the string S3. The entire system is in m. Calculate the average force being experienced
horizontal plane. Find the tension in the three by the block due to collision at this instant. All
strings. collision are instantaneous.
B

V
V
S3 A
u
R
S1 L
S2

Q. 50. A chain (A) of length L is coiled up on the edge

A B
of a table. Another identical chain (B) is placed
(ii) A car of mass M is moving with a velocity straight on the table as shown. A very small length
V0 on a smooth horizontal surface. Bullets, of both the chains is pushed off the edge and it
each of mass m, are fired horizontally starts falling under gravity. There is no friction.
perpendicular to the velocity of the car with
a speed u relative to the car. After firing n
bullets it was found that the car was travelling B
with velocity V0 in a direction opposite to its
original direction of motion. Assume that mu
<< MV0 and also that nm << M. Find n in A
terms of other given parameters.
Q. 48. A block of mass m = 4.4 kg lies on a horizontal
rough surface. The coefficient of friction between
the block and the surface is µ = 0.5. A force F
starts acting on the block making an angle q = 37° (a) Find the acceleration of the chain B at the
to the horizontal. The force changes with time as L
instant length of it is hanging. Assume
shown in the graph. 2
no kinks in the chain so that the entire chain
(a) At what time the block begins to move? moves with same speed.
(b) Calculate the maximum speed attained by the (b) For chain A assume that velocity of each
block. element remains zero until it is jerked into
È 3 -2 ˘ motion with a velocity equal to that of the
Ítan 37∞ = 4 ; g = 10 ms ˙
Î ˚ falling section. Find acceleration of the
hanging section at the instant a length l0 has
F(N)
slipped off the table and its speed is known to
F be v0 at the instant.
q
40 Q. 51 To understand the effect of air resistance on
m the motion of a bullet let's consider a bullet of
the shape shown in the fig. The bullet is flying
t(s)
O 10 20 horizontally. The cross section of cylindrical
Q. 49. A heavy block A is made to move uniformly along part is A and the conical part has a semi vertical
a smooth floor with velocity V = 0.01 m/s towards angle of 45°. Assume that the bullet is fired with
left. A ball of mass m = 50 g is projected towards initial velocity u and moves in a gaseous medium
 MomentUm and Center of Mass 5.9

in which molecules are at rest (do you think (a) Assume that friction between the plank and
this assumption is necessary?). Collisions of the the table is large enough to prevent it from
molecules with the bullet are elastic. Take mass slipping and calculate the smallest normal
of bullet to be M, density of gaseous medium as r force applied by the plank on the table.
and disregard gravity. (b) Assume that friction is absent everywhere
and calculate the speed of the plank when the
rod makes q = 180°.
45°
Q. 54. A block of mass M = 5 kg is moving on a
horizontal table and the coefficient of friction is
µ = 0.4. A clay ball of mass m = 1 kg is dropped
(a) Consider two bullets one small and other on the block, hitting it with a vertical velocity of
large, made of same material. Which will u = 10 m/s. At the instant of hit, the block was
experience larger retardation due to air having a horizontal velocity of v = 2 m/s. After
resistance? an interval of t, another similar clay ball hits the
(b) Write the speed of bulled after time t. block and the system comes to rest immediately
(c) Write distance travelled by the bullet in time after the hit. Assume that the clay balls stick to the
t. block and collision is momentary. Find t. Take g
Q. 52. Two particle A and B, of mass 3m and 2m = 10 m/s2.
respectively, are attached to the
ends of a light inextensible
string which passes over a u
smooth fixed pulley of
negligible mass. After the V
M
system is released and A falls m
through a distance L, it hits a A B
horizontal inelastic table so Q. 55. Vertical strings of same length L support two
that its speed is immediately L balls A and B of mass 2m each. There is a small
reduced to zero. Assume that B monkey of mass m sitting on ball A. Suddenly,
never hits the table or the the monkey jumps off the ball A at an angle q
pulley. Find = 45° to the horizontal and lands exactly on the
(a) the time for which A is resting on the table ball B. Thereafter, the monkey and the ball B just
after the first collision and before it is jerked manage to complete the vertical circle.
off, (a) Find distance d between the two string and
(b) the difference between the total kinetic energy the speed with which the monkey jumped of
of the system immediately before A first hits the ball A.
the table and total kinetic energy immediately
(b) Find the impulse of the string tension on ball
after A starts moving upwards for the first
A during the small period when the monkey
time. Explain the loss in kinetic energy.
interacted with the ball to jump off it.
Q. 53. A light rod of length L is hinged to a plank of
mass m. The plank is lying on the edge of a d
horizontal table such that the rod can swing freely
in the vertical plane without any hindrance from L L
the table. A particle of mass m is attached to the
end of the rod and system is released from q = 0°
position (see figure) q
m
A B
q Q. 56. In the shown figure, pulleys and strings are ideal
and horizontal surface is smooth. The block
m
C (mass 2m) is given a horizontal velocity of
 5.10 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

V0 = 3 m/s towards right and the entire system is Q. 59. A moving particle of mass m collides elastically
let go. Find the velocity of three blocks, just after with a stationary particle of mass 2m. After

the strings regain tension. Mass of A and B are 2m collision the two particles move with velocity v 1
 
and m respectively and take g = 10 m/s2. and v 2 respectively. Prove that v 2 is perpendicular
 
V0 to (2 v 1 + v 2)
Q. 60. Two identical carts are moving on parallel smooth
2m C tracks with velocities u1 = 10 ms–1 and u2 = 15
ms–1. The empty carts (with drivers) have mass
3m each. Each cart has a sack of mass m kept at
end A and end D (see figure). At the instant the
carts being to cross, the sack in cart 1 is the thrown
perpendicular (relative to cart 1) with some
A unknown velocity and it lands on cart 2 at its end
2m B D after a time t0. Immediately after the sack lands
m into cart 2, the original sack in cart 2 is thrown
Q. 57. Two identical small balls are interconnected with perpendicularly (relative to cart 2) towards cart 1
a light and inextensible thread having length in identical fashion. The sack lands on cart 1 at
L. The system is on a smooth horizontal table point M, a time t0 after the throw. Assume that the
with the thread just taut. Each ball is imparted carts are constrained to move in straight lines.
a velocity v, one towards the other ball and the (i) Find length BM if length of each cart is L
other in a direction that is perpendicular to the (ii) Find the velocity of cart 1 after the sack
velocity given to the first ball. thrown from cart 2 lands on it.
v D
C 2
v u2

(a) After how much time the thread will become

M
taut again? u1
B 1 A
(b) Calculate the kinetic energy of the system
after the string gets taut. Q. 61. A man of mass m is standing on the flat top of
a cart of mass 2m. The length and height of the
Q. 58. A particle of mass 1 kg is moving with a velocity
cart is L and H respectively and it is at rest on a
of 200 m/s. An impulsive force of 4 s duration
smooth horizontal ground. The man starts running
acts on the particle in a direction opposite to its
from end A, speeds up and jumps out of the cart
motion. The force fluctuates a little bit around
at point B with a velocity u relative to the cart in
40 N magnitude and then it dies out in next 4s
horizontal direction. Calculate the total horizontal
showing small fluctuations. An oscilloscope
distance covered by the man by the time he lands
records the force as shown. The two oscillating
on the ground.
components in the graph are identical except
m
that one is mirror image of the other. Find the
magnitude of velocity of particle after the force
stops acting.
A B
Force (N)

H
2m

40
L
Q. 62. Two blocks of masses m = 2 kg and m = 8 kg
O are connected to a spring of force constant
4s 12 Time(s) K = 1 kN/m. The spring is compressed by 20 cm
4s
and the two blocks are held in this position by
 MomentUm and Center of Mass 5.11

a string. The system is placed on a horizontal can touch the roof of the car.
smooth surface and given a velocity u = 3 m/s
perpendicular to the spring. The string snaps
m
while moving. Find the speed of the block of
u m
mass m when the spring regains its natural length.
2m
m

Q. 65. A heap of rope is lying on a horizontal surface.

u One free end A of the rope is pulled horizontally
with a constant velocity v. Assume that the heap
does not move and the moving part of the rope
String remains straight and horizontal (i.e. there is no
M sag). Mass per unit length of the rope is l. Find
Q. 63. Two blocks of mass M and 2M are connected to the tension at point P where the straightened part
the two ends of a light, inextensible string passing of the rope meets the heap. How much force the
over an ideal pulley as shown in figure. The external agent must apply at end A?
system is released from rest. P A
v
(a) One second after the system is
released, a particle of mass M hits the
Q. 66. In the last problem, the free end A of the rope is
block of mass M and sticks to it. The
tied to a block of mass M and the block is given
particle hits the block with a speed of
a horizontal velocity v0 (see figure). Calculate the
10 m/s while travelling downward. Find the
following quantities at the instant the block is at
total distance travelled by block of mass 2M
a distance x from the right end of the heap (here
after it is released.
‘heap’ means the coiled part of the rope that is not
(b) One second after the system is
moving).
released, a particle of mass 2M hits the
block of mass M and sticks to it. The M v0
particle hits the block with a speed of
10 m/s while travelling in upward direction.
(i) Speed of the block.
Find distance travelled by the block of mass
2M after it is released to the time it comes to (ii) Tension force applied by the rope on the
rest for the first time (g = 10 m/s)2 block.
Q. 67. (i) Three balls 1, 2 and 3 lie on a smooth
horizontal table. Ball 1 is given a velocity
towards ball 2. Kinetic energy given to
ball 1 is k0. It collides with 2 and in turn
M ball 2 hits ball 3. All collisions are head on
elastic. Masses of the balls are m, M and m
2M
respectively.
2M M M 1 2 3
k0
(a) (b) 2M m M m

Q. 64. A toy car of mass 2 m is at rest on a smooth (a) Calculate the kinetic energy (k3) of ball 3
horizontal surface. A small bob of mass m is after ball 2 hits it.
suspended by a mass less string of length L from
the roof of the car. A horizontally flying bullet of (b) Draw the variation of k3 as a function of M.
mass m enters into the car through a small window (ii) Consider 10 balls laid on a smooth surface
and sticks to the bob. Speed of the bullet is u. Find m m m m
minimum value of u (call it u0) for which the bob with masses m, , , ...... and first
2 4 8 512
5.12 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

ball is pushed towards the second with kinetic m m

L/2 L
energy k0. [All collisions are elastic and head B A
O
on]. The kinetic energy acquired by the last
ball is k10. In a separate experiment the 10th
ball is pushed towards 9th ball with kinetic L
energy k0. This time the kinetic energy
acquired by 1st ball is k1.
Compare k10 and k1.
1 2 3 4 10
(a) In which direction will the combined mass
move immediately after collision – right or
left?

Q. 68. A simple pendulum is suspended from a peg on a (b) Find tension in the string immediately after
wall which is inclined at an angle of 30° with the the collision.
vertical. The pendulum is pulled away from the Q. 70. A smooth track, fixed to the ground, is in the
wall to a horizontal position (with string just taut) shape of a quarter of a circle. Two small blocks of
and released. The bob repeatedly bounces off the mass 3m and 2m are released from the two edges
A and B of the circular track. The masses slide
2 down and collide at centre O of the track. Vertical
wall, the coefficient of restitution being e = . height of A and B from O is h = 2m. Collision
5
is elastic. Find the maximum height (above O)
Find the number of collisions of the bob with attained by the block of mass 2m after collision.
the wall, after which the amplitude of oscillation

(measured from the wall) becomes less than 30°.
45°
60°
30°
3m 2m
A B

h = 2.0 m

O
wall
Q. 71. A man stands on a frictionless horizontal ground.
Q. 69. Two particles A and B, having same mass m are He slides a 10 kg block on the surface with a
tied to a common point of suspension O. A is tied speed of 3 m/s relative the ground, towards a
with the help of an inextensible string of length L vertical massive wall. The wall itself it moving
and B is tied using an elastic string of unstretched towards the man at a constant speed of 2 m/s. The
L block makes a perfectly head on elastic collision
length . The two particles are released from
2 with the wall, rebounds and reaches back to the
horizontal positions as shown in figure. The man 3 second after the throw. At the moment the
particles have been released at a time gap so that block was thrown, the wall was at a distance of
both the string and the elastic cord become vertical 10 m from the man.
simultaneously. It was observed that the length (a) Find the mass of the man.
of the cord became equal to that of the string at
this moment and the two particles collided. The (b) Find the ratio of work done by the man in
particles got stuck together and their velocity just throwing the block to the work done by the
wall on the block.
after the collision was observed to be gL .
2 Q. 72. A ball is projected from point A in horizontal
direction with a velocity of u = 28 m/s. It hits the
 MomentUm and Center of Mass 5.13

incline plane at point B and rebounds. Show that (b) Find the minimum kinetic energy of the
whatever be the coefficient of restitution between system (as a percentage of original kinetic
the ball and the incline, the ball will always hit energy before collision) during the process of
the incline for the second time at a point above B collision.
(i.e., it will not hit the incline below B). Assume Treat the collision to be instantaneous.
the incline to be smooth and take g = 10 m/s2
 3
sin 37° = 5 
 
A u

Q. 75. On a billiard table two balls B and C are at rest

touching each other. A third ball A, travelling with
H = 20m B speed u, strikes the two balls elastically (see fig.).
Somehow, A hits B first and within a fraction of a
second hits ball C. You may assume that B and C
are placed symmetrically with respect to the line
37°
of motion of A and that all the balls are identical.
Q. 73. A staircase has each step of height h and width What angle does the final velocity of A make with
x. A ball strikes the centre point of a step with its original direction of motion.
velocity v making an angle q with the vertical. It
rebounds and strikes the centre point of the next B
step. Once again it rebounds and hits the centre A
point of the next step and so on. u
B C

v q

A Q. 76. A toy car of mass m is placed on a smooth

D
x/2
horizontal surface. A particle of mass 3m is
h suspended inside the car with the help of a string
C of length l. Initially everything is at rest. A sudden
horizontal impulse I = 2m ÷gl is applied on the car
C
and it starts moving.
x
m

I l

3m
Assume that there is no friction between the ball
and the steps and coefficient of restitution is e.
(a) Show that each time after hitting a step, the
ball climbs to the same height (i.e., heights (a) Find the maximum angle q0 that the string
like AB and CD shown in figure are equal). will make with the vertical subsequently.
(b) Find h and x. (b) Find tension in the string when it makes angle
q0 with the vertical.
Q. 74. Two identical discs are initially at rest in contact
Q. 77. A smooth ball of mass M and radius R is lying
on a horizontal table. A third disc of same mass
on a smooth horizontal table. A smaller ball of
but of double radius strikes them symmetrically
radius r and mass m travelling horizontally on the
and comes to rest after the impact.
table with velocity u hits the larger ball. Collision
(a) Find the coefficient of restitution for the is elastic. During the interaction of the balls the
impact. larger ball does not lose contact with the table at
5.14 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

any instant.
along –ve x‑direction with velocity 2gl
M collides with the bob and comes to rest. The

m R bob swings and when it comes to rest for
the first time, another particle Q of mass m
r u moving horizontally along y direction collides
with the bob and sticks to it. It is observed
that the bob now moves in a horizontal circle.

(i) Calculate the velocity of the balls after

collision. l

(ii) Calculate the maximum possible interaction 2l

force between the balls during collision. Y
Q. 78. A light rigid rod has a small ball of mass m attached
X
to its one end. The other end is hinged on a table
and the rod can rotate freely in vertical plane. The (a) Find tension in string just before the second
rod is released from vertical position and while collision.
falling the ball at its end strikes a hemisphere of (b) Find the height of the circular path above the
mass m lying freely on the table. The collision floor.
between the ball and the hemisphere is elastic. (c) Find the time period of the circular motion.
The radius of hemisphere and length of the rod (d) The string breaks during the circular motion
are R and 2R respectively. Find the velocity of the at time t = 0. At what time the bob will hit the
hemisphere after collision. floor?
Q. 80. A billiard ball collides elastically with an identical
stationary ball. The collision is not head on. Show
that the directions of motion of the two balls are at
2R right angles after the collision. Solve the problem
in centre of mass frame as well as in lab frame.

R
Q. 81.
m
u R/2
Q. 79. (i) O is a fixed peg at a height H above a
u0
perfectly inelastic smooth horizontal plane.
A light inextensible string of length L (> H)
has one end attached to O and the other end A heavy ball of radius R is travelling on a smooth
is attached to a heavy particle. The particle is horizontal surface with a velocity of u0 towards
held at the level of O with string horizontal left. A horizontally moving small ball of mass m
and just taut and released from rest. Find the R
strikes it at a height above the centre while
height of the particle above the plane when 2
it comes to rest for the first time after the travelling with velocity u towards right.
release. (a) After collision the small ball moves in
0 L
vertically upwards direction with velocity u.
H Prove that this can happen only if u > 3u0
(ii) The bob of a pendulum has mass m and (b) Find the velocity of small ball after collision
the length of pendulum is l. It is initially at if the collision is elastic and the balls are
rest with the string vertical and the point of smooth.
suspension at a height 2l above the floor. A Q. 82. Two elastic balls of masses M and m (M >> m)
m are placed on top of each other with a small gap
particle P of mass moving horizontally between them. The balls are dropped on to the
2
 MomentUm and Center of Mass 5.15

ground with the bottom of the lower ball at height u

h above the ground. The lower ball has a radius R
and the upper ball has negligible dimension.
A L B
m
Q. 86. Two blocks A and B, each of mass m, are connected
by a spring of force constant K. Initially, the spring
M is in its natural length. A horizontal constant force
F starts acting on block A at time t=0 and at time
t , the extension in the spring is seen to be l. What
h is the displacement of the block A in time t?
F
B A

(a) Up to what height the ball of mass m will

bounce above the ground ? Q. 87. Two blocks of mass m1 and m2 are connected to
the ends of a spring. The spring is held compressed
(b) Does the result obtained above violates the
and the system is placed on a smooth horizontal
low of conservation of mechanical energy?
table. The block of mass m1 = 2 kg is kept at x =
Q. 83. Three identical particles are placed on a horizontal 1 cm mark and the other block is at x = 2 cm
smooth table, connected with strings as shown. mark. The system is released from this position.
The particle B is imparted a velocity V0 = 9 m/s It was observed that at the instant m1 was at x = 5
in horizontal direction perpendicular to the line cm mark its velocity was zero and at that moment
ABC. Find speed of particle A when it is about to m2 was located at x = –4 cm. Find mass m2 and
collide with C. unstretched length (l0) of the spring.
V0 m2 k m1
x
A l B l C -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5
Q. 84. A light inextensible string, passing over a pulley, Q. 88. Two particles having masses m1 and m2 are
 
supports two particles 1 and 2 moving with velocities V1 and V2 respectively.
at its ends. An insect of mass 
V0 is velocity of centre of mass of the system.
m is sitting on particle 2 and
the system is in equilibrium. (a) Prove that the kinetic energy of the system
The sum of masses of particles in a reference frame attached to the centre
1
and the insect is M. Now the of mass of the system is KEcm = µV 2rel .
insect crawls a distance x up m1m 2 2
relative to the string. Find the Where µ = m + m and Vrel is the relative
1 2
displacement of centre of
speed of the two particles.
mass of the system of two
particles and the insect. In 1 (b) Prove that the kinetic energy of the system in
which direction does the 2 ground frame is given by

KE = KE cm + ( m1 + m2 ) V02
centre of mass move and why? 1
2
Q. 85. Two particles (A and B) of masses m and 2m are (c) If the two particles collide head on find the
joined by a light rigid rod of length L. The system minimum kinetic energy that the system has
lies on a smooth horizontal table. The particle during collision.
(A) of mass m is given a sharp impulse so that
Q. 89. Two blocks A and B of mass m and 2m
it acquires a velocity u perpendicular to the rod.
respectively are connected by a light spring of
Calculate maximum speed of particle B during
force constant k. They are placed on a smooth
subsequent motion. By what angle q will the rod
horizontal surface. Spring is stretched by a length
rotate by the time the speed of particle B become
x and then released. Find the relative velocity of
maximum for the first time?
the blocks when the spring comes to its natural
5.16 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

length. of the incline and is connected to the motor using

A B
a light string. The motor is switched on and it
slowly hauls block B through a distance L = 2.0
Q. 90. Two ring of mass m and 2m are connected with meter along the incline. Calculate the work done
a light spring and can slide over two frictionless by the string tension force on the wedge plus
parallel horizontal rails as shown in figure. Ring motor system. All surfaces are frictionless.
of mass m is given velocity ‘v0’ in horizontal
direction as shown. Calculate the maximum M
stretch in spring during subsequent motion.
m v0 L

2m
B
A q
Q. 91. A disc of mass M and radius R is kept flat on a
smooth horizontal table. An insect of mass m Q. 94. An ice cream cone of mass M has base radius
alights on the periphery of the disc and begins to R and height h. Assume its wall to be thin and
crawl along the edge. uniform. When ice cream is filled inside it (so as
(a) Describe the path of the centre of the disc. to occupy the complete conical space) its mass
m becomes 5 M. Find the distance of the centre of
(b) For what value of the centre of the disc mass of the ice cream filled cone from its vertex.
M
and the insect will follow the same path? Q. 95. A flexible rope is in the shape of a semicircle
ACB with its centre at O. Ends A and B are fixed.
Radius of the semicircle is R. The midpoint C is
pulled so that the rope acquires V shape as shown
in the figure.
O R A O B
A O B
R
C
Q. 92. A metal wire having mass M is bent in the shape
of a semicircle of radius R and is sliding inside C
a smooth circular grove of radius R present in a
(a) Make a guess whether the centre of mass of
horizontal table. The wire just fits into the groove
the rope moves closer to O or moves away
and is moving at a constant speed V. Find the
from it when it is pulled?
magnitude of net force acting on the wire.
V (b) Calculate the shift in position of the centre of
mass of the rope.
Q. 96. Three small balls of equal mass (m)
R are suspended from a thread and m m
two springs of same force constant
(K) such that the distances between
k
the first and the second ball and the
second third ball are the same. Thus
m
the centre of mass of the whole system
Q. 93. A triangular wedge (A) has inclined surface
coincides with the second ball. The
making an angle q = 37° to the horizontal. A k
thread supporting the upper ball is
motor (M) is fixed at the top of the wedge. Mass
cut and system starts a free fall. Find
of the wedge plus motor system is 3m. A small
the distance of the centre of mass of m
block (B) of mass m = 1kg is placed at the bottom
 Momentum and Center of Mass 5.17

the system from the second ball when both the (a) The velocity of the centre of the disc becomes
springs acquire their natural length in the falling zero for the first time at time t0. Find t0.
system. t0
(b) Find speed of the small body at time .
Q. 97. (a) A uniform chain is lying in form of on arc 3
of a circle of radius R. The arc subtends an Q. 99. Laila and Majnu are on a boat for a picnic. The
angle of 2 at the centre of the circle. Find boat is initially at rest. Laila has a big watermelon
the distance of the centre of mass of the chain which she throws towards Majnu. The man
from the centre of the circle. catches the melon and eats half of it. He throws
OO
OOOO OOOOO
back the remaining half to Laila. She eats the
OO OO
OO O half of the melon that she receives & throws the
O
OO

OO remaining part to Majnu. Majnu again eats half

of what he receives and returns the remaining
a R part back to Laila. This continues till the melon
a lasts. The two are sitting at the two ends of the
boat which has a length L. Combined mass of
O the boat and the two lovers is M0 and the mass of
πR the water melon is M. Assume that the boat can
(b) A uniform chain of length is lying move horizontally on water without any resistive
2
symmetrically on the top of a fixed smooth force. Find the displacement of the boat when the
half cylinder (see figure) of radius R. The watermelon gets finished.
chain is pulled slightly from one side and L
released. It begins to slide. Find the speed of
the chain when its one end just touches the
floor. What is speed of centre of mass of the
chain at this instant?
OOOOOOOO
OO OO
OO O
O Q. 100. A hot air balloon (mass M) has a passenger (mass
OO

OO

R m) and is stationary in the mid air. The passenger

climbs out and slides down a rope with constant
velocity u relative to the balloon.
      O
(c) In part (b) assume that the half cylinder is not (a) Show that when the passenger is sliding
fixed and can slide on the smooth floor. Find down, there is no change in mechanical
the displacement of the cylinder by the time energy (kinetic + gravitational potential
one end of the chain touches the floor. Mass energy) of the system (Balloon + passenger).
of cylinder is equal to that of the chain. Calculate the speed of balloon.
For part (b) and (c) assume that the chain (b) Calculate the power of the buoyancy force on
remains in contact with the cylinder all the the system when the man is
while. sliding. For easy calculation,
assume that volume of man is
Q. 98. A small body of mass m is at rest inside a narrow negligible compared to the M
groove carved in a disc. balloon.
Vo
Groove is a circle of
R (c) If buoyancy force is doing
radius R concentric to groove positive work, where is this
the disc. Mass of the
work done lost? You have
disc is also m . The disc
Disc proved that sum of kinetic
lies on a smooth
and potential energy of the
horizontal floor. The small body is given a sharp
system remains constant. m
impulse so that it acquires a tangential velocity Vo
at time t = 0.
 5.18 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

Q.101. A wooden wedge of mass 10 m has a smooth standing on the edges of two perpendicular radii
groove on its inclined surface. The groove at A and B.
is in shape of quarter of a circle of radius A
R = 0.55 m. The inclined face makes an angle P
Ê 11 ˆ R
q = cos-1 Á ˜ with the horizontal. A block
Ë 5 ¯ B
C
‘A’ of mass m is placed at the top of the groove
and given a gentle push so as to slide along the
groove. There is no friction between the wedge
and the horizontal ground on which it has been Find the displacement of the centre of the disc if
placed. Neglect width of the groove.
(a) The two men walk radically relative to the
disc so as to meet at the centre C.
(b) The two men walk along the circumference
to meet at the midpoint(P) of the are AB.
A
Q. 104. There particles A, B and C have masses m,
R 2m and m respectively. They lie on a smooth
horizontal table connected by light inextensible
q strings AB and BC. The string are taut and
<ABC = 120°. An impulse is applied to particle A
R
along BA so that it acquires a velocity u. Find the
initial speeds of B and C.
(a) Find the magnitude of displacement of the
C
wedge by the instant the block A reaches the
bottom of the groove.
(b) Find the velocity of the wedge at the instant
the block A reaches the bottom of the groove.
120°
Q. 102. A uniform bar AB of length 6a has been placed on I
a horizontal smooth table of width 5 a as shown A B
in the figure. Length 2a of the bar is overhanging.
Mass of the bar is 4m. An insect of mass m is
sitting at the end A of the bar. The insect walks Level 3
along the length of the bar to reach its other end
Q. 105. A smooth hollow U shaped tube of mass 2m is
B.
lying at rest on a smooth horizontal table. Two
6a
m small balls of mass m, moving with velocity u
A B enter the tube simultaneously in symmetrical
4m
fashion. Assume all collisions to be elastic. Find
the final velocity of the balls and the tube.
2a u
m 2m
5a

(a) Will the bar topple when the insect reaches

end B of the bar?
(b) After the insect reaches at B, another insect
of mass M lands on the end A of the bar. Find
the largest value of M which will not topple m
u
the bar.
Q. 106. There are 40 identical balls travelling along a
Q. 103. A disc of mass M and radius R lies on a smooth straight line on a smooth horizontal table. All
M
horizontal table. Two men, each of mass , are balls have equal speed v and each one is travelling
2 to right or left. All collisions between the balls is
 MomentUm and Center of Mass 5.19

head on elastic. At some point in time all balls will no cover around the peg?
have fallen off the table. The time at which this cover
happens will definitely depend on initial positions
of the balls. Over all possible initial positions of
the balls; what is the longest amount of time that
you would need to wait to ensure that the table
has no more balls? Assume that length of the table L x
is L.

L Q. 109. Two thin rings of slightly different radii are joined

Q. 107. A small ball of mass m is suspended from the end together to make a wheel (see figure) of radius
A of a L shaped mass less rigid frame which is R. There is a very small smooth gap between the
fixed to a block of mass m. The block is placed two ring. The wheel has a mass M and its centre
on a smooth table. The ball is given a horizontal of mass is at its geometrical centre. The wheel
impulse so as to impart it a velocity of u. The ball stands on a smooth surface and a small particle
beings to rotate in a circle of radius R about the of mass m lies at the top (A) in the gap between
point A, while the block and the frame slide on the the rings. The system is released and the particle
table. Find the tension in the string, to which the begins to slide down along the gap. Assume that
ball is attached, at the instant the ball is at the top the ring does not lose contact with the surface.
most position. The rod does not interfere with the A
string during the motion.
q R
A
R
u
string m

m
B

Q. 108. A heavy rope of mass m and length 2L is hanged (a) As the particle slides down from top point A
on a smooth little peg with equal lengths on two to the bottom point B, in which direction does
sides of the peg. Right part of the rope is pulled a the centre of the wheel move?
little longer and released. The rope begins to slide (b) Find the speed of centre of the wheel when
under the action of gravity. There is a smooth the particle just reaches the bottom point B.
cover on the peg (so that the rope passes through How much force the particle is exerting on
the narrow channel formed between the peg and the wheel at this instant?
the cover) to prevent the rope from whiplashing. (c) Find the speed of the centre of the wheel at
(a) Calculate the speed of the rope as a function the moment the position vector of the particle
of its length (x) on the right side. with respect to the centre of the wheel
makes an angle q with the vertical. Do this
(b) Differentiate the expression obtained in (a) to
calculation assuming that the particle is in
find the acceleration of the rope as a function
contact with the inner ring at desired value
of x.
of q.
(c) Write the rate of change of momentum of Q. 110. A large number of small identical blocks, each
the rope as a function of x. Take downward of mass m, are placed on a smooth horizontal
direction as positive surface with distance between two successive
(d) Find the force applied by the rope on the peg blocks being d. A constant force F is applied on
as a function of x. the first block as shown in the figure.
(e) For what value of x, the force found in (d) d
F 1 2 3 4 5
becomes zero? What will happen if there is
 5.20 Problems in Physics for JEE Advanced

(a) If the collisions are elastic, plot the variation Q. 113. A massive ball (A) is dropped from height h on
of speed of block 1 with time. a smooth horizontal floor. A smaller ball (B) is
(b) Assuming the collisions to be perfectly also dropped simultaneously. Initially ball B
inelastic, find the speed of the moving blocks was just touching ball A (see fig.). Radii of both
after n collisions. To what value does this balls is much smaller than h. Ball A hits the
speed tend to if n is very large. floor, rebounds and immediately hits B. Motion
Q. 111. Two small balls, each of mass m are placed on of both the balls is vertical before the collision
a smooth table, connected with a light string of of two balls. All collision are elastic and there is
length 2l, as shown in the figure. The midpoint of no friction. Ball B lands at point P on the ground
the string is pulled along y direction by applying after colliding with A. Find OP, assuming that it
a constant force F. Find the relative speed of the is large compared to radius of A.
two particles when they are about to collide. If the
q
two masses collide and stick to each other, how
much kinetic energy is lost. B
F
A

m m
l l

Q. 112. A block of mass M is tied to a spring of force

constant K and the system is suspended vertically. O P
Consider three situations shown in fig. (a), (b) and
Q. 114. Disc A of radius R is lying flat on a horizontal
(c).
surface. Disc B is also at rest. Disc C, which is
(a) In fig. (a), an insect of mass M is clinging to
identical to B is traveling along the surface with
the block and the system is in equilibrium.
its velocity parallel to the line joining the centre
The insect leaves the block and falls. Find the
C1 and C2 of the discs A and B. The distance
amplitude of resulting oscillations.
between the line C1C2 and the line of motion of
(b) In fig. (b), an insect of mass M is resting
centre of disc C is 3.r , where r is radius of both
on the top of the block and the system is in
B and C. Impact of C with B is completely elastic.
equilibrium. The insect suddenly jumps up
Subsequently it is observed that both B and C just
M miss hitting the disc A. Find the radius (R) of A in
with a sped u = g and the block starts
K terms of r.
A
oscillating. Find amplitude of oscillation B
assuming that the insect never falls back on C2 C1
the block. 3r

(c) In fig. (c), an insect of mass M falls on the

block that is in equilibrium. The insect hits
M
the block with velocity u = g while C
K
Q. 115. A mass m moving with speed u in x direction
moving downwards and sticks to the block.
collides elastically with a stationary mass 2m.
Find the amplitude of oscillation.
After the collision, it was found that both masses
have equal x components of velocity. What angle
does the velocity of mass 2m make with the
u
x axis?
Q. 116. A ball of mass M collides elastically with another
stationary ball of mass m. If M > m, find the
(a) (b) (c) maximum angle of deflection of M.
 MomentUm and Center of Mass 5.21

Q. 117. A tennis ball is lying on a rigid floor. A steel ball floor. Is it possible that the tennis ball will also
is dropped on it from some height. The steel ball bounce?
bounces vertically after hitting the ball on the

ANSWERS

Ê 3 ˆ u
Dp = 10 29 Ns; q = cos-1 Á 17.
1. Ë 29 ˜¯ 2
2. F2 18. (a)
X
3. (a) 400 J
B
(b) Both performed equal work.

4. acar = −2iˆ + 2 ˆj C

Ê 7 - 3ˆ A
˜ rAV
2
5, Á
Ë 4 ¯
mg
6. mmin = t
r S (V + u )
2 O D

7. mu2 O – A – D " Ball 1.

M C – A – B " Ball 2.
8. (i) =1
m (b) 10
(ii) 1/3 19. 2
u1 − u2
u+V 20.
9. V2 − V1
2
V1
10. 3.24 ms–1making an angle of 44° with the normal to
the wall
u 21. (a) V0
11. A time g after first collision

M
12. £2
m
V2
O V0
K
13. V= x0
2M V1
2 V0
mu
14. (a) KEloss
3
(b) No
15. (a) 3 m/s towards left (b) V0 V2
O
(b) Kmin = 2J
(c) Kmin = 2J

m 2 u2
16.
(
2µ g M 2 − m2 )