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Classes and Packages Python Notes

This document provides comprehensive notes on Python classes, inheritance, and modules. It covers defining classes, implementing inheritance types, using the super() function, and managing local and global variables. Additionally, it explains setting up virtual environments, installing packages, and utilizing standard mathematical and datetime functions.

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itzrizwan29907
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6 views3 pages

Classes and Packages Python Notes

This document provides comprehensive notes on Python classes, inheritance, and modules. It covers defining classes, implementing inheritance types, using the super() function, and managing local and global variables. Additionally, it explains setting up virtual environments, installing packages, and utilizing standard mathematical and datetime functions.

Uploaded by

itzrizwan29907
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Classes and Packages – Complete Python Notes

3.1 Define Class with its Members and Create Instances of Class

A class is a blueprint for creating objects.


Members of a class:
• Data Members (Variables)
• Member Functions (Methods)

Example:
class Student:
def __init__(self, name, marks):
[Link] = name
[Link] = marks

def display(self):
print([Link], [Link])

# Creating object (instance)


s1 = Student("Rizwan", 95)
[Link]()

3.2 Implement Different Types of Inheritance

Inheritance allows one class to acquire properties of another class.

Types:
• Single Inheritance
• Multiple Inheritance
• Multilevel Inheritance
• Hierarchical Inheritance

Example (Single Inheritance):


class Parent:
def show(self):
print("Parent Class")

class Child(Parent):
pass

c = Child()
[Link]()

3.3 Use super() to Call Methods of Super Class

super() is used to call parent class constructor or methods.

Example:
class Parent:
def __init__(self):
print("Parent Constructor")

class Child(Parent):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
print("Child Constructor")
3.4 Use Python Identity Operator

Identity operators: is, is not


They compare memory locations of two objects.

Example:
a = [1,2,3]
b = a
print(a is b) # True

3.5 Create and Import Modules and Packages

Module: A Python file containing functions/classes.


Package: Collection of modules in a directory with __init__.py file.

Creating module ([Link]):


def greet():
print("Hello")

Importing:
import mymodule
[Link]()

3.6 Use Local and Global Variables

Local Variable: Declared inside function.


Global Variable: Declared outside function.

Example:
x = 10 # Global

def func():
y = 5 # Local
print(x + y)

3.7 Set Up Virtual Environment

Virtual environment isolates project dependencies.

Steps:
1. python -m venv myenv
2. myenv\Scripts\activate (Windows)
3. source myenv/bin/activate (Linux/Mac)
4. deactivate (to exit)

3.8 Install Packages

Use pip to install packages.

Examples:
pip install numpy
pip install pandas

Check installed packages:


pip list

3.9 Use Standard Mathematical Functions

Import math module.

Functions:
• sqrt()
• cos()
• sin()
• pow()
• degrees()
• fabs()

Example:
import math
print([Link](25))
print([Link](0))

3.10 Use datetime Package

datetime module handles date and time.

Example:
import datetime

now = [Link]()
print(now)

today = [Link]()
print(today)

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