Jordan Airline Training And Simulation

INITIAL SAFETY TRAINING HANDBOOK

MODULE 5: INITIAL PASSENGER HANDLING

 Module 5: Initial Passenger Handling Training
Module 5: Initial Passenger Handling Training CAR OPS 1.1005
RULES OF TRANSPORTATION

The Company and the Commander (who shall be notified by the “Special Categories of Passenger
Notification” form prior to departure, of the intended transportation of inadmissible passengers,
deportees or persons in custody and of the reason for carriage) have not only the right, but the duty to
refuse carriage of such passengers if their transportation poses any risk to the safety of the airplane /
crew or its passengers or if the Authority fails to notify the Company or the Commander in accordance
with OM-A.

Therefore, the Company and (via the Company) the Commander are entitled to be informed of the
reason for the deportation and, if necessary, to insist on the deported passenger being escorted during
the flight by escorting officials or guards, ticketed at the applicable fare provisioned and provided for
such representation by the deporting or receiving Authority.

In particular, inadmissible passengers or deportees who will physically resist embarkation and carriage,
or have already been denied transportation by another company, or might endanger the safety of the
airplane or its load, other passengers or the crew, or are deported after execution / suspension of a
sentence for a crime of violence, shall be accepted on board and carried only under escort of a
government official, or of a properly trained staff member of the Company, or of a similarly trained
guard provided by a commercial agency.

The relevant Authority will determine - in coordination with the Flight Operations Manager and Security
Department, if a deportee requires an escorting official or guard, and they will also determine the
number of escorting officials or guards required to guarantee the safety of the flight.

GENERAL BOARDING PROCEDURES JCAR OPS 1.1005)

When the cabin crew members aboard the aircraft they go to their assigned Stations. After stowing
away their baggage, they perform an emergency equipment check at their crew station. The cabin crew
is responsible for checking the emergency equipment at their station, in lavatories, in overhead bins, in
cupboards, and under seats. It is the cabin crew’s responsibility to write all discrepancies on the
Emergency Equipment Checklist. The assigned cabin crew member then ensures that all catering items,
food, dry goods, bars, and duty-free are on-board and are stowed in their appropriate places before
passengers arrive. The cabin crew member responsible for the galleys counts passenger meals and crew
meals,

To ensure a smooth and efficient boarding process, the Gate Agent or a Cabin Crewmember will notify
the other cabin crewmembers that general boarding will begin. Therefore, SCCM in coordination with
and via Captain shall advise ground staff when A/C is ready for passenger boarding.

• At least minimum safety crew compliments required for that flight are on board the aircraft.
• All safety and security checks have been conducted satisfactorily

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RESPONSIBILITY FOR PASSENGERS DURING BOARDING AND
DISEMBARKATION JCAR OPS 1.1005

• All efforts must be exerted during boarding and disembarkation of passengers to complete the
process in the most efficient manner.
• SCCM must control heavy baggage during boarding and ensure that F/As welcome, direct
passengers to their seats assist them to stow cabin baggage and enforce No Smoking
Regulations as documented in this course study book and operator manual.
• F/As must make sure that no liquids or breakable items are stowed in hat racks.
• Offer infant lap belts to families with infants instructing the adult on how to use the infant lap
belt and how to remove infant in case of emergency. Collect the infant lap belts after passenger
disembarkation, and return to correct stowage according to Emergency Equipment Distribution
Chart.
• During boarding, F/As will scan for ABP's who are capable of assisting the crew in case of an
emergency. F/A's will brief passengers seated at exit rows during boarding and before closing
doors.
• F/A's will ensure during boarding that exits and aisles are clear of baggage or obstructions.
• Flight attendants must ensure that incapacitated passengers are seated away from exits.
• Blind and deaf passengers should be pre-boarded and briefed by cabin crew.
• Incapacitated passengers should be pre-boarded and they should be the last to disembark.
SCCM must ensure that they leave the aircraft aided by a wheelchair.
• Unaccompanied minors should be pre-boarded with UM wallet by ground staff and left in the
care of SCCM who in return will introduce UM to F/A in designated zone. Upon arrival SCCM will
ensure that they disembark first and are met by ground staff at destination station.
• Escorted deportees and Inadmissible passengers should be pre-boarded and SCCM must inform
the PIC and In-Flight Security Officer (IFSO) where they are seated.

General Boarding responsibilities for cabin crew include:

• Checking validity of passenger boarding cards, assisting passengers with seat assignments,
monitoring cabin baggage, electronic devices, ensuring exit seat criteria are met, monitoring
child restraint devices as well as keeping a visual watch of the cabin at all times.
• Cabin crew should be evenly distributed throughout the cabin in order to monitor the boarding
process.
• If it is necessary for a cabin crewmember to leave the aircraft, the lead cabin crewmember or
flight deck crew should be notified.

UNAUTHORIZED CARRIAGE JCAR OPS 1.105

No person shall be carried on board an airplane unless that person is either a part of the crew or a
passenger. The word "passenger", means any passenger regardless of age

If a person is suspected of having hidden himself, or any object, on the airplane, this shall be reported
immediately to the SCCM. The SCCM shall advise the Commander of such suspicions.

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 Module 5: Initial Passenger Handling Training
Carriage of inadmissible passengers, deportees or persons in custody JCAR OPS
1.265

INADMISSIBLE PASSENGERS

“Inadmissible Passengers” (INADs) are passengers who are refused admission (rejected entry )to a
country by authorities of such country, e.g., due to lack of a visa, expired passport, lack of funds or
suspected intent to illegally take up employment. Unless explicitly ordered otherwise by the authority
refusing entry, an INAD will be transported outbound to the station which he had embarked.

The number of Inadmissible Passengers that can be carried on board is not limited as they are
considered to be “no risk”.

Deportees

“Deportees” are foreign persons who had legally been admitted to a country or who had entered a
country illegally, and who at some later time are formally ordered by the authorities to be removed
from that country. Apart from illegal entry, reasons for removal comprise expiry of residence permit,
offences or criminal acts committed in the deporting country, extradition at the request of another
country.

Deportees are grouped in two (2) categories: those requiring escort (Medium Risk) and those not
requiring escort (Low Risk).

The maximum number of DEPA (Escorted deportee) per flight is 2 with two authorized escorts’
minimum each.

The maximum number of DEPA (In lawful custody) per flight is 1 with two authorized escorts minimum
each.

The maximum number of DEPU is limited to one (1) per flight, unless there is a family (mother, father,
and minors) where the limit is up to four (4) persons.

Arrangements can be made with the security department in case more than 2 DEPA are requested to be
on a flight.

High Risk Persons in Custody

High Risk, are persons that have been convicted for criminal offences or acts of violence in the deporting
country, are being extradited at the request of another country and have been evaluated by the
deporting Authority as “High Risk”. Those persons have to be physically restrained before boarding the
airplane and have to be restrained for the duration of the flight.

Only one (1) High Risk person in custody can board the airplane escorted by a minimum of two (2)
escorting officials or security guards.

REFUSAL OF EMBARKATIONJCAR-OPS 1.265

A passenger shall be refused carriage and / or be removed from the aircraft when, in the exercise of
reasonable discretion, the handling staff or the commander decides that:

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 Module 5: Initial Passenger Handling Training
• Such action is necessary in the interest of safety of the airplane or its occupants, or;
• Such action is necessary to prevent violation of law, regulations or decrees of any country to be
flown from, into or over, or;
• The conduct, behavior or appearance of the passenger make him objectionable to other
passengers, or;
• The age or mental or physical condition of the passenger is such as to require special assistance
which cannot be provided.

Any person who appears to be under the influence of alcohol or drugs to the extent that the safety of
the airplane or its occupants is likely to be endangered shall be refused embarkation. This requirement
does not apply to medical patients who – even though under the influence of drugs - are under proper
care, and company requirements are met and, where considered necessary by the person issuing the
written report of fitness for travel, an escort has been provided.

INFLUENCE OF ALCOHOL AND DRUGSJCAR-OPS 1.115, APPENDIX 1- 1005

Cabin crew shall be discreet in serving alcoholic beverages to passengers. No person shall be allowed to
drink any alcoholic beverage unless cabin crew has served that beverage to him.

No such beverages shall be served to passengers:

• Who appear to be on the verge of intoxication;

• To inadmissible / deported passengers or their escorts;
• To passengers or other persons admitted to the flight deck;
• To persons in custody or their guards.

In addition, F/As will implement the following:

• Serving alcohol to persons under the age of eighteen (18) years is prohibited (if in doubt, check
passport).
• As per requirements on flights to the USA, alcohol may only be served to persons over the age
of twenty-one (21).
• Only one alcoholic beverage may be served at a time to a passenger.

ENDANGERING SAFETY

Disorderly / Unruly Passengers

Individual or groups of passengers with the potential to behave in a disorderly manner generally fall into
the following categories:

• Apparently intoxicated or under the influence of drugs to the extent of physical incompetence;
• Engage in disorderly or offensive conduct to the discomfort or distress of other passengers and
cabin crew members;
• Are violent to the extent that there is a possibility of injuries to passengers or cabin crew;
• Are apparently of unsound mind;
• Are known or suspected of being in possession of firearms;
• Disobeying instructions of the flight or cabin crew;

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Cabin crewmembers observing disorderly conduct, in accordance with the above characteristics, during
embarkation will immediately advise the appropriate airport staff and the commander. If necessary, the
offending passenger(s) is to be disembarked.

The safety of airline staff and passengers is of highest priority. The company therefore has a right to
refuse to carry potentially disruptive passengers, and can take reasonable measures against persons
whose on-board behavior is disruptive. Assistance from airport police or security staff should be
requested, if required.

Disorderly / Unruly passengers in Flight

Under legislation additional offences relating to disruptive behavior on board aircraft include:

• Endangering the safety of an aircraft;

• Being drunk or smoking in an aircraft;
• Disobeying a lawful command by the commander of an aircraft;
• Acting in a disruptive manner including interfering with the performance by a member of the
cabin crew in the course of their duties.

If a member of crew deems that a passenger’s behavior is disruptive, they have the right to take
measures reasonable to prevent disorderly behavior.

Disorderly / Unruly passengers After Landing

In case of a serious incident with disorderly passengers the commander will request airport police, or
security staff, to meet the aircraft on arrival and, if necessary, charge the passenger(s) with the offence.

Reporting Procedure

In the situation where a passenger(s) is denied embarkation or behaves in a disorderly manner in flight,
a written occurrence report is to be submitted by the commander. A report from an independent non -
company witness should accompany the report.

Unruly passengers are dealt with accordingly, and the crew member’s actions are classified into three
levels:

Level 1

Disturbing behavior by passenger.

Action: Verbal Warning.

The passenger stops disturbing, no other action is required.

Level 2

Passenger continues disturbing.

Action: Written Warning. The passenger is handed the “Disorderly Behavior On Board this Aircraft”
form. The signed form is handed to the offender and the disorderly behavior stops.

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In case of a smoking violation, the relevant announcement is considered to be the verbal warning so you
proceed directly to hand the smoking violation form as a level 2 action.

Level 3

The passenger continues the disorderly behavior although he /she has been handed LEVEL 2 written
warning. The Commander deems necessary to hand the offender to the Local Law Enforcement
Authorities (L.E.A). A decision to land at the nearest suitable airport might be considered, where the
local L.E.A will be called to take appropriate actions. A copy of the “Occurrence Report” should be
forwarded to the airline Security Department with the most expeditious manner. The national aviation
authority will be notified of the event. The security department will also notify the Legal Department for
appropriate legal actions.

CARRIAGE OF SPECIAL CATEGORIES OF PASSENGERSJCAR-OPS 1.260, 1.265,

Children, Infants and Young Flyers

Children and infants should be accompanied by a reasonably fit parent, guardian, or escort:

• Infants are children aged 0-2 years old. Infants aged less than 7 completed days for international
flights and less than 4 completed days old for domestic flights are not accepted on board unless
they have proper medical authorization (MEDIF)
• Children are passengers of 2-12 years of age allocated their own seat.
• Young Passengers or Young Flyers are persons of 12-16 years of age.
• Young Passengers are minors of 12-16 years of age, who travel alone. Usually no special services
are provided to this category of passengers. A MAAS comment may appear on the passenger list
only if so requested by the parent or guardian and the relevant procedure will apply.
• Children must not play around in the cabin and aisles as they may be injured if there is sudden
turbulence or decompression. They are required to be in their seats with their seat belts
fastened even if the “seat belt” sign is off.

UNACCOMPANIED MINORSJCAR-OPS 1.280

Unaccompanied Minors (UM) are children of 5- 12 years of age, travelling on their own, not
being accompanied by an adult. If companied by adult of 18 years and above will not be
considered a UM, In USA children not considered a UM if traveling with another pax of 15 years
of age all over .
Airlines accept to transport 5 max UMs under the following circumstances:

IF the number exceed 10 UM then an escort will be necessary to look after their welfare

• The minor is accompanied to the airport by an adult

• The minor is collected at the destination airport by an adult
• The check - in staff shall check whether the UM transportation form has been filled – in and
signed by the parent or guardian in duplicate and that all relevant data is entered (Declaration
of Parent or Guardian).

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• One copy is attached on the boarding pass and the other on the flight coupon. Both are placed
into the special UM file along with the other travel documents, and the file is carried by the UM
so as to be easily accessible.
• Um must be mentioned on CAPT/SCCM information sheet.
• Unaccompanied minors are seated in the front rows of the airplane if possible, or in seats where
they can be easily supervised by Cabin Crew members. It is recommended to allocate UM next
to a female passenger. Unaccompanied minors are reported in the Passenger Service Message
(PSM) which is dispatched to the destination station and to transit stations.
• After check - in is completed and unaccompanied minors are delivered to ground personnel,
they must be under the constant supervision of ground personnel until the time they are
delivered to the SCCM. It is preferable that UMs are boarded before the other passengers.
• Ground personnel shall fill in and sign the form for the UM prior boarding. This form is delivered
to the SCCM during embarkation. A copy of the “CIS” form is retained by the ground personnel
in the departure station file, along with a copy of the UM transportation form. The SCCM signs
the UM declaration form upon acceptance of the child.
• The SCCM shall ensure that UM’s transportation form, required travel documents (passport for
the international flights) and boarding pass are in the UM bag.
• Upon arrival at the destination airport, the SCCM shall deliver the UM and its bag to the ground
personnel along with a copy of the “CIS” form and shall request that the member of staff taking
over the supervision of the unaccompanied minor fills his name and ID number on the UM
declaration form. The name of the ground staff must be entered in the Cabin Report form.
• During flight, all cabin crew should look after and take special care of the UM.

Company Escorted Minors

The cabin crew department may provide upon request a Cabin Crew Member to act as an escort for a
child two to eight (2-8) years of age.

Each escort may be appointed one child less than three years of age or two children of three years of
age or older. At least 45 minutes prior to the departure the escort presents himself at check-in in order
to receive instructions and the child from the parent / guardian.

The escort remains with the child until the child is delivered to the person appointed by the parent
guardian or to the next escort of the child.

BRIEFING OF UM JCAR-OPS 1.285,

• If UM O/B, he/she must be shown how to fasten and, open and open seat belt by F/A assigned
that zone.
• Also brief UM on seat features such as call button, and entertainment channels (if applicable).
Accepting children for travel without an accompanying adult assumes a heavy responsibility, a
UM who is accepted for passage is in operator custody until surrendered to those responsible
for the minor's welfare at his/her destination.

BLIND /DEAF PASSENGERSJCAR-OPS 1.280, 1.260

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When the deaf/blind person is unaccompanied, he/she shall be pre-boarded and seated at AFT of the
A/C so as to be kept under the continuous observation of flight attendants.

When the deaf/blind person is accompanied by a Seeing/Eye/Hearing/Ear dog, a window seat should be
requested, preferably the first Y/C row away from the galley and emergency exits. The dog must remain
under or near his master's seat at all times and be harnessed and muzzled.

Only one (01) Seeing/Hearing Eye/Ear Dog is allowed per passenger compartment.

Note: In case of group travel that exceeds 4 passengers an escort is needed as follows:

• 5 to10 passengers shall be accompanied by 1 escort.

• 11 to 20 passengers shall be accompanied by 2 escorts,
• 21 to 30 passengers (maximum allowed number) shall be accompanied by 3 escorts.

Seeing Eye / hearing ear dog policy

When the blind/deaf person is accompanied by a Seeing Eye/ Hearing Ear dog, a window seat should be
requested, preferably the first Y/C row away from the galley and emergency exits.

The dog must remain under or near his master's seat at all times and be harnessed and not muzzled.

BRIEFING FOR BLIND PASSENGER JCAR-OPS 1.285,

• Offer Braille Booklet if blind passenger can read Braille.

• Explain: How the seat belt and oxygen mask work. Let the passenger feel the mask used for
Demonstration and practice using it.
• How far he/she is from the nearest exits (how many seat rows).
• Which direction slide/raft inflates once the door is open and that someone will be assisting in
the evacuation?

BRIEFING FOR DEAF PASSENGERJCAR-OPS 1.285,

• Explain: With normal safety briefing, if he/she can read lips. If not, brief travel companion (if
available) or show deaf passenger the Safety Instructions card.
• In writing if the deaf passenger has questions regarding the Safety Briefing.

Pregnancy

Pregnant passengers are not regarded as incapacitated passengers and with complication free
pregnancies may be accepted for travel prior to their 28th week of pregnancy. All passengers flying
when pregnant should consult their doctors/medical practitioners before traveling, especially on long
haul flights.

Pregnant women wishing to travel after their 28th week require a certified medical report, written
within the seven (7) days prior to date of departure, clearly stating the following:

• Confirmation of a single or multiple child pregnancy.

• Confirmation that pregnancy is progressing without stress or complications.
• Expected date of delivery

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A pregnant passenger or her husband must:

• Complete and sign official Expectant Mother Indemnity form.

• A copy of the signed form must be retained by the pregnant passenger and carried with her
throughout her trip.
• She must present the form upon request to any staff during check-in and boarding, in flight or
upon arrival.

Pregnant women are not permitted to travel onboard flights:

• After the 36th week of single pregnancy (pregnant with one baby).
• After the 32nd week for multiple pregnancy (pregnant with two or more babies).
• Within the first seven (07) days after delivery.

Air travel is not permitted for the following categories:

• Healthy (full term) newborn baby within the first seven (07) days after birth.
• Premature baby is not accepted within the first seven (07) days after birth and shall be
considered MEDA case and dealt with accordingly.

Children and infants

• Adult traveling with young child should be seated close to lavatory area but away from seat
rows located next to emergency exits. They should not be separated.
• Adult traveling with infant should be seated at bulkhead position with baby bassinet fittings. If
this bulkhead position is not available or occupied by transit passenger, keep the seat next to
the adult empty, if possible, when A/C is not full.
• Healthy (full term) Infant must be at least eight days (08) days old to be accepted for travel.
• Number of infants accepted in a row shall be determined by and must not exceed the number of
extra oxygen masks available. This number is also directly related to and shall not exceed the
number of infant lap belts and infant life vests (if required) available on board.

INFANT RESTRAINT SYSTEM-JCAR-OPS1 APPENDIX 1- 1.620

Infant lap belt

One infant (under two years of age) may be seated with an adult provided that the seat belt is fastened
around the adult only and an infant lap belt is used to secure the infant to the adult seat belt.

It is mandatory that passenger below the age of two (02) years who is hand held by an adult, must be
secured by an infant lap belt as follows:

• Pass the adult's fixed half of the seat belt with the flat end through the loop of the infant lap belt
then fasten and tighten the adult's seat belt as normal.
• Fasten and tighten the infant lap belt around the infant. Infant lap belts must be worn when the
Fasten Seat Belt signs illuminate for take-off, landing, and turbulence and during all
emergencies.
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NOTE: In an emergency situation, only the adult's seat belt needs to be unfastened and the fixed side of
adult's seat belt with flat end will slip out of the loop and adult with infant will both be free to move.

INFANT RESTRAINT SEATJCAR-OPS 1.730, 1.320

An adult, traveling with an infant, may carry for use onboard his / her own infant restraint seat which
must be labeled – ‘This restraint is certified for use in motor vehicles and aircraft.’ – Seat certified for
motor vehicles only, may not be used on A/C seats.

Also, required:

• He/she has purchased a second seat so as to place restraint seat which will be evident by
possession of another boarding pass,Or
• If aircraft is not full; it may then be secured with a seat belt on the seat next to [Link]
• In the event A/C is full, seat mentioned above must be placed in the cargo if it does not fit in an
overhead / stowage compartment.

Seating allocation

• The window seat is the preferred location for an infant restraint seat so that it does not block
access to the aisle. Path must remain unobstructed.
• For safety, an infant restraint seat must not be placed on the aisle seat.
• Infant restraint seat is not permitted in emergency exit row or the rows immediately forward or
aft of exit rows.
• Any infant seat used during the flight must remain secured to the passenger seat belt at all
times, even when unoccupied.

SUPPLEMENTARY MEDICAL OXYGEN

Some airlines may accept passengers who have the potential need for supplementary oxygen during the
flight. Those passengers may either use their personal oxygen bottle/ oxygen concentrator or request a
medical oxygen bottle from the company upon seat reservation (at least 48 hours prior to their flight).

The amount of cylinders to be carried on board is limited to three.

Personal Medical Oxygen Cylinder

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The following restrictions apply in case of a personal oxygen bottle usage:

• Cylinder has a 2lt maximum capacity;

• Content pressure does not exceed 200bar or 2600psi;
• Cylinder weights no more than 5kgr.
• The bottle should be contained in a steady case under the front seat during flight and if possible
even during usage.
• Case dimensions should not exceed 55x40x23cm.
• Oxygen usage is not allowed on the aircraft aisle or the lavatory. Passenger should follow the
instructions of the crew.
• Passengers certify all of the above with a declaration signed at check-in.

Medical Oxygen Cylinder provided by the Airline

The requested Medical Oxygen Cylinder is delivered at the aircraft with two nasal cannula kits by the
PRM unit along with a Receipt-Delivery note, consisting of two parts. SCCM signs the receipt (Part 1)
when accepting the bottle on board. The Part 2 of the note is to be signed upon delivery, by the PRM
unit employee that removes the bottle from the aircraft.

The SCCM shall be provided with a Medical Information form (MEDIF) stating clearly the flow rate
needed for the passenger. Both the Receipt-Delivery note and the MEDIF shall be submitted with the
Cabin Report. For information on the use of the Medical Oxygen Cylinder please refer to Ch3 of CSPM.

NOTE: In case of a decompression, passengers administered oxygen can additionally use the oxygen
dropout system where available.

CARRIAGE OF PERSONS WITH REDUCED MOBILITYJCAR OPS 1.260

The acceptance for transportation of sick, disabled and handicapped passengers is restricted in the
interest of their own safety and that of other passengers. A person with reduced mobility (PRM) is
understood to mean a person whose mobility is reduced due to physical incapacity (sensory or
locomotory), an intellectual deficiency, age, illness or any other cause of disability when using transport,
and whose situation requires special attention and adaptation, to his needs, of the service made
available to all passengers. No transportation, under any circumstances, will be provided to a person
who has a contagious / infectious disease, e.g. open tuberculosis, infectious hepatitis; scarlet fever,
diphtheria, chickenpox etc. requires medical treatment by pneumatically or electrically operated
apparatus which, for specific reasons, is not allowed to be operated on board.

Sick passengers and PRM should be boarded separately, normally prior to all other passengers, as well
as disembarked separately normally after all other passengers.

The commander shall be notified by “Passenger Information Note” forms (PIN), when handicapped
passengers and PRM are to be carried on board. Information on passengers requiring any assistance at
transit or destination airports must be forwarded to the ground staff or handling agent at the respective
down line station(s).

Definitions of PRM

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The following definitions constitute commonly agreed indications for the degree of immobility and
extent of the assistance required for the journey:

1. AMBULATORY: passenger who is able to board and deplane from the aircraft unassisted and
who is able to move about the aircraft unassisted. This includes the blind, deaf, mental
deficiency etc.
2. NON-AMBULATORY: A passenger who is not able to board and deplane from an aircraft
unassisted or who is not able to move about the aircraft unassisted.
3. MEDA: Passenger whose mobility is impaired, due to clinical condition or medical case who is
given a medical clearance to travel by medical authorities.
4. STCR: Passenger who can only be transported on a stretcher.
5. WCHR (R for Ramp): Passenger who can walk up and down stairs and move about in an airplane
cabin, but who requires a wheelchair for movements between the airplane and the terminal, in
the terminal and between arrival and departure points.
6. WCHS (S for Steps): Passenger who cannot walk up or down stairs, but who can move about in
an airplane cabin and requires a wheelchair for movements out of the airplane.
7. WCHC (C for Cabin): Passenger who is completely immobile, who can move about only with the
help of a wheelchair or any other means and who requires assistance at all times from arrival at
the airport to seating in the airplane or, if necessary, in a special seat fitted to his / her specific
needs, the process being inverted at arrival.
8. BLIND: Blind passenger.
9. DEAF: Passenger who is deaf or a passenger who is deaf without speech.
10. DEAF / BLIND: Blind and deaf passenger, who can move about only with the help of an
accompanying person.
11. MAAS: (meet and assist) All other passengers in need of special help.
12. DPNA: Disabled passenger with intellectual or developmental disability needing assistance.

Procedures Concerning PRM

Before accepting such passengers for transportation, the company shall have ascertained the
availability, from departure to arrival, of staff trained and qualified to meet their needs and of the
appropriate medical equipment.

The number of handicapped passengers should not exceed the number of able-bodied persons capable
of assisting with an emergency evacuation.

Passengers with disabilities as circumscribed under WCHS, WCHR and WCHC above, shall be allocated
seats on seat rows which are located in-between two pairs of emergency exits, in this way, when the
airplane is being evacuated, they can – without impeding others–be assisted to reach the end of the
queue forming at the emergency exit(s) and to leave the airplane.

Passengers on Stretchers

Normally, passengers on stretchers shall be accompanied either by a doctor / nurse or by a family

member or other escort. SCCM will ensure that:

• The stretcher is properly secured and does not obstruct emergency exits or aisles.

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• Medical documents stating that the passenger is fit to travel by air, are received.

BRIEFING OF STRETCHER CASE PASSENGER AND ESCORT JCAR-OPS 1.285,

Stretcher Case passenger and escort must be briefed before the flight on the following:

• Explain: Use of oxygen. Escort must be briefed that in case oxygen is required (rapid
decompression) he/she must secure his/her oxygen mask first before assisting patient.
• The use of Stretcher seat belt.
• The closest exits for evacuation.
• In case emergency evacuation is required, stretcher case will be evacuated last and that F/As
and able bodied passengers will assist them.

INFANTS IN INCUBATORS

Specially designed incubators, Air-Vag type, which are approved, may be provided for the transportation
of premature or sick infants. The incubator is the last to embark and the first to disembark, upon arrival.
The newborn must be escorted by a doctor, nurse, or parent.

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The incubator is accompanied by a signed declaration produced by the parent, stating that he
undertakes all responsibility for the infant’s health.

A doctor’s certificate is submitted, noting that the infant is permitted to travel in the incubator and that
the aviation portable oxygen supply of 2-4 litters is acceptable, for the newborn.

A certificate from a hospital is also necessary, stating that the operation time of the incubator is
sufficient until its final destination.

The cabin crew secures the unit using extension belts and ensures that it does not obstruct any
emergency exits or aisles. In case supplemental oxygen is required, the portable oxygen cylinder mask is
inserted through the provided opening, which is at the bottom of the incubator.

Use of LOW supply / 2ltrs is recommended.

HAND BAGGAGEJCAR OPS 1.270, 1.325

Regarding passenger hand baggage, the size and mass limits given in the table below should not be
exceeded:

Cabin Baggage Allowances

Class Number and Size Weight Restriction Accessories allowed
Business Class PAX Total 1 Total weight 8 kgs Purse
55 x 40 x 23 Briefcase
Camera bag
Economy PAX Total 1 Total weight 8 kgs Laptop
55 x 40 x 23 One item of
similar or smaller
to the above size

These limits vary, of course, with each airplane type / cabin layout combination. The Company and
handling agent(s) shall brief passengers at check-in by means of placards / posters or orally, upon the
maximum size and weight of hand baggage; where practicable, a metal or carton wiser will be used to
ensure size restrictions are kept.

All cabin baggage will be tagged as such (accessories excluded). When boarding is in progress, ground
staff, and at the airplane, crew members, shall visually scan the hand baggage held by passengers – in
case they were bypassed by the check-in personnel– and, where such baggage tag is tampered, missing
or the item is obviously oversized, politely deny the passenger’s access to the airplane until such
baggage has been given up to be stowed in a baggage / cargo hold or suitable place outside of the
airplane’s cabin.

Where, in exceptional cases, a passenger is prepared to pay for an extra seat in order to carry extremely
valuable baggage (e.g., antique musical instruments, works of art etc.) acceptance is only permitted if
the safety and comfort of other passengers will not be impaired and if the size of such baggage permits,
it to be secured on the seat in such a manner as to prevent movements forward, sideways or upwards
under crash impact sufficient to induce the ultimate inertia forces specified in the emergency landing
condition of type certification.

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SMOKING REGULATIONS

Airport authorities prohibit smoking in all areas of the terminal buildings except the designated as
“Smoking Areas”, as well as on the ramp. Smoking (including electronic cigarettes) is strictly prohibited
on all domestic and international flights of most Airlines.

ILLNESS, INJURY OR DEATH ON BOARD

Illness on board

In case a passenger needs immediate assistance due to sudden unexpected illness, the commander
must be notified by the SCCM.

A call for medical assistance by a doctor on board the aircraft will be made via the public address system
stating that one of our passengers needs medical attention. And if there is a doctor among our
passengers, is requested to contact the cabin crew as soon as possible. If a doctor is available he shall be
briefed on the contents of the on board medical kits.

In case an immediate landing is required, ATC must be informed about the nature of the passenger
illness, and the need for assistance upon arrival by the airport medical services.

The incident must be mentioned in the Cabin Flight Report and in the Airlines Safety Forms.

Death on Board

• Death in-flight is traumatic for both passengers and crew. The following guidelines will assist
cabin crew in case of a suspected death on board:
• Death can only be certified by a medical doctor or relevant medical personnel;
• The captain should immediately obtain a detailed verbal report from the SCCM or CCM
• A PA announcement will be made in order to place the person in the care of a doctor as quickly
as possible.
• If a doctor is available he shall be briefed on the contents of the on board first aid kit.
• If no medical doctor is onboard, the flight crew should try to establish contact through Radio
with the company and obtain medical assistance.
• The medical doctor may communicate with the Commander through the interphone but access
to the Flight Deck is not permitted under any circumstances.
• If the death cannot be confirmed by a medical doctor, the individual should continue to receive
all appropriate attention consistent with the emergency and with the assumption the individual
is still alive.

If death is confirmed:

• Make area around body as private as possible;

• Cover the body with a blanket, if possible, place waterproof material under the body in case of
seepage of body fluids;
• If any medical devices (such as oxygen bottles etc.) are attached to the deceased person, leave
them in place;
• Note the time when lifesaving procedures were initiated and when they were stopped;

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• The crew shall notify all medical and other relevant authorities and company units to meet the
aircraft upon landing.
• Such an incident on board, must be recorded in the Flight Report and in an Air Safety Report. A
copy of the Air Safety Report is forwarded to the Safety Dept.

LIVE ANIMALS IN THE CABIN CAR-OPS APPENDIX 1 –1.1005

Carriage of live animals in the cabin is limited by comfort and by the size of the cabin (separation of
individual animals from each other).

Carriage in cargo compartments may require pressurization, ventilation, heating, and lighting. Particular
considerations of passenger safety and, therefore, specified in OM - Part B. The following general
guidelines specified in the IATA Manual of Live Animals carriage instructions and manufacturers manual
for the carriage of live animals have been developed:

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With the exception of service dogs, only cats and dogs weighting 8 kg or less may be carried in the cabin.
A service dog is a dog that is specifically trained to help people who have disabilities including visual or
hearing impairment, or assist owners as emotional support. These animals must be harnessed but need
not to be muzzled or caged. The total number of live animals in the cabin should not exceed the
numbers stated in the operation manual. In special cases the Commander may give permission for more
service animals to be carried in the cabin, including military or police dogs.

Prior company approval must have been obtained.

Such approval will stipulate that the pet shall be carried in a suitable leak-proof container or bag with
secure latching sized 40 x 25 x 25 cm for all aircrafts and must stay in the container / bag, on the floor,
for the duration of the flight. Before boarding, both the commander and the SCCM must be informed of
the pet’s presence and location in the cabin. The pet should be preferably located at the aft of the cabin
and if more than one pet is on board, it would be better to keep a distance of a few rows between them.

After prior arrangement with the Ground Operations Department, up to 3 live animals may be
transported.

The passenger, under whose care the pet travels, must be in possession of all documents required by
the authorities at destination. In case of travelling abroad, the pet must have passport and microchip.
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The commander and handling staff shall ensure that no animal is carried in the cabin which might
impede an emergency evacuation.

PORTABLE ELECTRONIC DEVICESJCAR-OPS 1.110, 1.285

According to international aviation regulations, the use of certain electronic devices is not allowed on
board an aircraft as to prevent interference with the navigation and communication systems.

During boarding, before takeoff and before landing an announcement to the passengers mentions the
restrictions of the use of portable electronic devices.

If cabin crewmembers observe any of such devices in use, they must brief the passenger not to use it.

The following table lists devices and when may be operated:

NOT be operated at ANY time:

• Television and Radios

• Transmitters of any type
• Satellite receivers / scanners of any type, including GPS
• Generally every remote controlled device
• Electronic cigarettes

NOT be operated on ground, taxi, takeoff, landing

• Cellular / mobile phones

• Tablet PCs with 3G card
• Personal computers and peripherals
• Cassette tape players / recorders
• Headphones
• Video players / recorders / cameras
• Compact disk, DVD players
• Personal computer games

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May be operated at all times:

• Hearing aids, Pacemakers

• Implanted medical devices
• Electronic watches
• Acceptable personal life support system

NOTE: Cellular / mobile phones and 3G card equipped Tablet PCs, can be operated during flight only in
“flight mode”.

CARRIAGE OF WEAPONS

The carriage of weapons and munitions of war on board company airplanes is strictly prohibited.

Most airlines accept for carriage only sporting weapons.

In general a sporting weapon may be any weapon which is not a weapon of war or munitions of war.
Sporting weapons include hunting knives, bows and other similar articles. An antique weapon, which at
one time may have been a weapon of war or munitions of war, such as a musket, may now be regarded
as a sporting weapon.

The following firearms are generally regarded as being sporting weapons:

• Those designed for shooting game, birds and other animals;

• Those used for target shooting, clay pigeons hooting and competition shooting, providing the
weapons are not those on standard issue to military forces;
• Air guns, dart guns, starting pistols, etc.;
• A firearm, which is not a weapon of war or munitions of war, should be treated as porting
weapon for the purposes of its carriage on a company airplane.

Passengers and crew members are not permitted to carry firearms in the cabin or on the flight deck.

Police officers on escort duty shall hand over their unloaded weapons and their ammunition, to be
stored for the duration of the flight in a place not accessible to the passengers. After arrival the weapons
shall be returned after the passengers disembark.

The company shall take all reasonable measures to ensure that it will be informed about any intended
transportation of any sporting weapons or ammunition by one of its airplanes.

When accepting the carriage of sporting weapons, the company shall ensure that they are:

• Stowed in the airplane in a place which is inaccessible to passengers during flight

• Unloaded, in the case of firearms or other weapons that can contain ammunition
• Securely packed ammunition in Division 1.4S (DGR) may be carried in quantities not exceeding
5kg gross weight per person for that own person’s use, excluding ammunition with explosive or
incendiary projectiles.
• Allowance for more than one passenger must not be combined into one or more packages.
• Before the flight the Commander must be notified by the ground handling staff of details of
weapons or ammunition intended to be carried on board, including their location.

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• A notification message will be sent to the destination station manager for collecting
andforwarding the weapon to the owner.

GENERAL SURVEILLANCE

All occurrences which may affect the safety of the flight and the wellbeing of the passengers, shall be
immediately reported to the flight crew, e.g., illness on board, unusual noise, odor, malfunctions of
electrical equipment and other observations. During flight, cabin crew members shall conduct regular
checks and observe the following provisions.

They shall:

• Regularly visit the flight deck to maintain communication with Flight Crew. These visits shall be
made approximately every 20 minutes (depending on the flight time). On domestic flights at
least one visit shall be made.
• Enforce strict observation of the “Fasten Seat Belt” and “No Smoking” sign.
• Restrict spreading of papers, plastic bags, blankets etc. by passengers on the cabin floor.
• Check lavatories for signs of smoke, and ensure that flaps of waste boxes are closed so that the
automatic fire extinguishers will, in an event of a fire, operate effectively.
• Check the temperature of the hot water and the proper working of electric toilet appliances.
• Conduct regular checks in order to ensure that no passenger does use a portable electronic
device that can adversely affect the airplane’s system and equipment.
• Check galleys to be secured, NO loose items.
• Check cabin stowage bins, coat rooms to be closed and secured.
• Check that passengers are not using any matches or lighters.
• Check that passengers are not involved in any activity that may affect the safety of the flight.

FIRE PREVENTION

Fire prevention is very important for the safety of the flight; therefore, cabin crew members should
continuously watch for the possibility of fire breaking out.

General precautions:

• The No Smoking regulations should strictly be observed by both crew and passengers. Cabin
crew will make regular checks to enforce this regulation.
• The flap lids of the waste containers must be closed with the spring mechanism operable.
• In flight, at least one CCM must be always present in the cabin or in each cabin section.
• The cabin floor must be clear of newspapers, which should be safely stowed away.
• When discovering a container with combustible or quickly vaporizing fluid, cabin crew must
place the container into crushed ice, not dry ice!

Galley precautions:

• Ovens must be inspected before switched on, to ensure that no foreign objects have been left in
from previous use. Any spillage inside the oven must be cleaned off before use.

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• The ovens must not be overloaded and they must not be used as a stowage area when they are
empty.
• Ovens must not operate when carriers are not installed.
• Knives and tools must not be inserted in any part of the oven.
• When using hot cups, the cup must be plugged into its socket before it is switched it ON and it
must be switched OFF before being unplugged, as to prevent electrical sparks.
• [Link] shall not reset circuit breakers in flight or on the ground. They must report all cases of
tripped C.B. to the flight crew and maintenance.

Lavatory precautions:

Lavatories should be regularly checked for signs of smoke. An inspection of the smoke detector is
necessary because some passengers interfere with the operation of the detection system. Highly volatile
liquids such as acetone should never be poured into the sink or toilet bowl. The bottle with these
contents must be placed in wet ice, to cool it down.

PASSENGER AND CREW RESTRAINT

Passengers

The commander shall instruct and brief the passengers or have them instructed/briefed and ensure or
be assured that each passenger on board, occupies a seat with his safety belt secured:

• During taxiing;
• Before and during takeoff or landing; and
• Whenever deemed necessary in the interest of safety.

Note: It shall be recommended to passengers, to keep their safety belts secured during the entire flight,
when occupying their seats. The correct use of the safety belt is demonstrated during taxiing. Four (4)
extension seat belts are provided for over-sized passengers by the crew.

Children and Infant Restraint System

The cabin crew and commander shall ensure that multiple occupancy of airplane seats, may only be
allowed on specified seats, and does not occur other than by one adult and one infant (person which has
not reached his second birthday, if the infant is properly secured by Infant Loop Belt / Child Restraint
Device (CRD). A “supplementary loop belt” manufactured with the same techniques and the same
material of the approved safety belts is acceptable according to regulations. Supplementary loop belts
should be not less than the maximum number of infants carried on board. The infants must be seated
only in rows where extra O2 masks are dropped, depending of the type of the aircraft.

Securing of Belts, Harnesses

At each unoccupied seat, the safety belt (and shoulder harness if installed), shall be secured so as not to
interfere with crew members in their performance of their duties or with the rapid egress of occupants
in an emergency.

Crew Members and Occupants of the Flight Deck

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During take-off and landing, and whenever deemed necessary by the commander, in the interest of
safety, each crew member shall be properly secured by all safety belts and harnesses provided. During
all other phases of the flight, each flight crew member on the flight deck shall keep his safety belt
fastened while at his station. Occupants of the observer’s seat at the flight deck, follow the above
provisions of the flight crew.

TURBULENCE Appendix- 1 to OPS 1.1005

Definition and types

Turbulence is defined as a disturbed, irregular flow of air with embedded irregular whirlsor eddies and
waves. An airplane in turbulent flow is subjected to irregular and random motions while, more or less,
maintaining its intended flight path.

Intensities of Turbulence:

1. Light: Slight discomfort

2. Moderate: Moderate changes in airplane attitude and/or altitude accompanied by small
variations in airspeed. Walking is difficult, loose objects move around.
3. Severe: Abrupt changes in airplane attitude and/or altitude. The airplane may be out of control
for short periods accompanied by large variations in airspeed. Occupants are forced violently
against seat belts. Loose objects are tossed around.

Whenever turbulence is expected or encountered, the Commander shall switch ON the “Fasten seat
Belt” sign and shall inform the SCCM if required, as appropriate. The SCCM shall proceed to make the
relevant PA announcement and brief the other CCMs. At Commander’s discretion, service will continue.
If turbulence is such, that service must be interrupted, the Commander must inform the SCCM via
interphone to advise the CCMs to be seated or if there is no time, the announcement “Cabin Crew Take
Your Seats” must be made via PA.

If the Cabin Crew needs to be seated (severe turbulence is encountered), they must remain seated until
the Commander switches off the “Fasten seat Belt” sign or informs so the crew via Interphone.

If turbulence persists through descent and the “Fasten seat Belt” sign is still on while the preparation for
landing announcement is in order, the flight crew should advise the cabin crew. The Cabin Crew should
immediately inform them in if the cabin and galleys are not secured for landing.
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During turbulence, in the absence of any instructions from the flight crew, the SCCM is entitled to
discontinue any non-safety related duties and advice the flight crew of the level of turbulence being
experienced and the need for the “Fasten seat Belt” sign to be switched on. This should be followed by
the cabin crew securing the cabin and other applicable areas.

1-Anticipated Turbulence

In the event of anticipated light turbulence, the following signals will be used:

FASTEN SEAT BELT sign: ON.

Cabin crew members should:

• Make a PA announcement, directing the passengers to return to their seats, fasten their seat
belts, and informing them, that the lavatories will be out of use during this time;
• Check that the passengers’ seat belts are properly fastened, stowage compartments securely
closed and exits unobstructed;
• Check for passengers being in the lavatories;
• If so advised by the Flight Crew, discontinue service, secure carts and galleys; (trays already
distributed should be left with passengers);
• Return to their seats and fasten their seat belts;
• Repeat the announcement if necessary.
• Notify the flight crew.

2-Unanticipated Turbulence

In the event of unexpected sudden moderate or heavy turbulence, the Cabin Crew shall:

• Put anything he / she is carrying on the floor, preferably under a seat. All hot beverages should
also go onto the floor.
• Secure the carts by pressing on the brakes and take the nearest seat and fasten seat belts.
• Direct passengers to sit in the nearest seat and fasten their seat belts.

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• Cabin Crew to get into a stable position, strapped into a passenger seat or even sitting on the
floor holding on to a seat.
• Remain seated until notified by the flight deck or until the 'Fasten Seat Belt' sign has been
switched off.
• Check passengers and cabin condition.

Motivation of Passengers and Crowd Control in Emergency Evacuations

Appendix- 1 to OPS 1.1005

The primary responsibility of the cabin crew during an evacuation is to direct passengers to evacuate the
aircraft using all of the usable exits. The aim of an evacuation is to ensure that passengers and
crewmembers leave the aircraft as rapidly and as safely as possible. Many factors contribute to the
successful evacuation of the aircraft:

• The procedural knowledge of the cabin crew: This includes training, experience, and behavior •
the environment inside and outside of the aircraft (e.g., the presence of smoke, fire, the cabin
lighting, and outside conditions)
• The passengers’ behavior, age, level of fitness, and motivation
• The aircraft configuration, and the layout of the cabin during an emergency, it is essential for
the cabin crew to be able to apply their knowledge of procedures, and rapidly adapt to the
situation.

FACTORS INFLUENCING SUCCESSFUL AIRCRAFT EVACUATION

An Assertive Cabin Crew: An assertive cabin crew that uses short, clear commands will have an
immediate impact on the rapidity of the cabin evacuation. The cabin crew must be assertive in their use
of commands, and, if necessary, be prepared to use some physical force to evacuate passengers from
the aircraft. Commands should be:

• Loud
• Clear
• Short
• Well-paced
• Assertive.

Body language is extremely important: The gestures of the cabin crew and tone of their voice must
reflect what they want to achieve, because passengers may not always understand the language that
the cabin crew is using

Assessing outside Conditions before opening an exit: the cabin crew must check that the outside
conditions are safe, and that the slide deployment area is clear of:

• Fire
• Smoke
• Obstacles
• Debris.

The cabin crew should open the exit, only if it safe to do so.
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Able-Bodied Passenger (ABP): The cabin crews are trained to identify passengers who could
be Able-Bodied Passengers (ABPs), in order to assist the cabin crew with safety-related tasks during an
evacuation. The cabin crew can easily identify ABPs during the passenger boarding process. ABPs can
assist and protect the cabin crew during the door opening and slide inflation sequence, by keeping
passengers back from the exit, until the slide is inflated and conditions are safe.

Use of the Assist Space: Each aircraft has a dedicated assist space located on either side of the door. The
cabin crew must firmly grasp the frame assist handle and position themselves correctly in the assist
space. This will:

• Prevent the cabin crewmember from being pushed out of the exit
• Prevent the cabin crewmember from interfering with evacuating passengers.

Crowd Control Commands: The cabin crew must have absolute control of the situation, and
provide assertive commands and instructions to passengers. There are documented cases of
evacuations during which the passengers did not behave appropriately, and did not comply with the
instructions provided by the cabin crew.

It is important to note that during evacuations, especially when there is a possible life-threatening
situation, passengers may react in many different ways, such as by:

• Panicking (screaming, crying, hysteria)

• Freezing up (not able to react)
• Not being aware that danger exists
• Pushing
• Exiting with carry-on baggage.

Carry-on Baggage: Carry-on baggage brought to the exits can cause blockages and congestion at
the exit and in the aisles, and reduce the efficiency of the evacuation.

Exit Flow Management Commands: It is essential that passengers evacuate the aircraft
immediately. The cabin crew must monitor the evacuation, and maintain an even flow of passengers
from each exit, to avoid congestion at the end of the slides. The cabin crew must continually monitor the
slide to ensure that it remains safe for use.

Unusable Exits: An exit may not be usable at the beginning of the evacuation, or may become
unusable during the evacuation.

An exit may be unusable at the beginning of the evacuation, for one of the following reasons:

• The exit is jammed, and will not open

• The slide does not deploy correctly, or the slide is damaged
• There are external hazards, such as fire, smoke, obstacles or debris.

Cabin Configuration: The cabin configuration can have an impact on the rate and flow of the
evacuation: e.g. the physical layout of the cabin, the passenger seating density, the access to the exits,
and the width of the cross aisles, the location of the monuments, etc. The cabin configuration also plays
a major role when identifying the areas/exits with the highest/least passenger seating density.
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To enhance the situational awareness skills of the cabin crew, they should be familiar with the cabin
layout, and the areas where congestion may occur, due to:

• Passenger seating density

• The location of galleys, lavatories …
• Restricted visibility
• Passengers arriving from different directions. It may be necessary for the cabin crew to redirect
passengers to other usable exits to avoid congestion, and to maximize the use of all the usable
exits, in order to evacuate the aircraft as rapidly as possible. To achieve this, the cabin crew
must be aware of what is happening in the cabin during the evacuation.

Exit Bypass: If an exit becomes too congested, the cabin crew can re-direct passengers to another
less congested usable exit. This is referred to as exit bypass. The cabin crew can use exit bypass to
maintain an even flow of passengers to all of the usable exits, and to maximize their use.

Dried-up Exit: A dried-up exit is a usable exit that passengers are no longer using to evacuate the
aircraft. During an evacuation, it is important to maximize the use of all of the usable exits, in order to
reduce the evacuation time. When an exit is no longer being used, and if the circumstances permit, the
cabin crewmembers at these exits must make every effort to attract passengers to these exits.

Pre-Cabin Crew Evacuation When the flow of passengers to the exit begins to slow down; the
cabin crew should check the cabin and call all remaining passengers to the exits. When the flow of
passengers has stopped, the cabin crew should check their assigned area for any remaining passengers.
When the cabin crewmember’s assigned area is empty, or it is no longer safe to remain onboard the
aircraft, the cabin crewmember should evacuate through the first usable exit. If an evacuation occurs
away from an airfield, the cabin crew should take emergency equipment from the aircraft, if the
situation permits. Whether evacuating off airport or at an airfield, it is extremely useful for cabin crew to
have a megaphone to manage passengers on the ground after the evacuation.

SURFACE CONTAMINATION

It is widely acknowledged that surface contamination is not limited to ice accretion but may also be dry
or wet snow or slush and so on, and that surface contamination, whichever type it is, should be
communicated to the Flight deck crew immediately.

It is essential to encourage and build safety awareness among Cabin Crew regarding icing.

The Cabin Crew represents a crucial information source from the cabin to the cockpit. An accurate
assessment by the cabin crew could be valuable to the commander when it comes to decision - making.

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SAFETY ON THE RAMP JCAR OPS 1.1005

The following provisions shall be observed:

• No unauthorized persons shall enter the ramp.

• Smoking and the use of open fire are strictly prohibited.
• Authorized persons walking on the ramp should wear yellow visibility jacket.

Ramp surfaces shall be frequently checked to prevent accidents caused by slipping / skidding on oil, ice
or snow; such checks shall, as far as possible, also serve to detect foreign objects on the ramp surfaces
which must be removed in order to prevent “foreign object damage” to the tires and other parts of the
airplane, and to preclude “foreign object ingestion” by an engine. The responsible staff member in
charge shall ensure that the passenger path to the airplane is clear of any vehicle, equipment or any
other obstacles.

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