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CONTAMINATION
of nature
What is an
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Ecosystem?
An ecosystem is a natural unit where living things, like
plants, animals, and microorganisms, interact with non-
living elements such as air, water, soil, and sunlight.
These interactions create a balanced environment where
each component plays a role in supporting life.
Ecosystems can be as vast as oceans and forests or as
small as a pond or garden, each with its own unique
community and environmental conditions.
Introduction
Environmental contamination refers to the
presence of harmful substances in the
environment
These substances negatively affect air, water,
soil, plants, animals, and humans
It is a major global issue caused mainly by
human activities
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Research Question
How does environmental contamination affect
ecosystems and human health, and what measures
can reduce its impact?
CAUSES OF CONTAMINATION
TYPES OF CONTAMINATION
Air contamination – harmful gases, Industrial waste and factory emissions
smoke, and particles in the air Vehicle exhaust and fossil fuel burning
Water contamination – chemicals, waste, Improper waste disposal and plastic pollution
and plastics in water bodies Agricultural chemicals (fertilizers and
Soil contamination – pesticides, heavy pesticides)
metals, and industrial waste Oil spills and mining activities
Noise and radiation contamination –
harmful energy exposure
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Effects on the
Enviroment
Destruction of habitats and loss of biodiversity
Climate change and global warming
Contaminated soil reduces agricultural productivity
Water contamination kills aquatic life
Air contamination damages forests and crops
AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS
Aquatic ecosystems are classified into
two types: freshwater (rivers, lakes,
ponds) and marine (oceans, seas), both
hosting diverse life forms.
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What is
Groundwater
Contamination happening?
(Memphis
The Memphis Aquifer supplies most of Shelby
County’s drinking water
Aquifer)
It is normally protected by a thick clay layer
In some areas, this clay layer is thin or missing
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How Contamination Occurs
Sources of contamination:
Industrial pollution from decades of human activity
Polluted shallow aquifer above the Memphis aquifer
KEY FACT
Researchers have found 36 suspected and 6 confirmed
Breaches in the clay layer allow polluted water to
breaches
move downward
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Why This Is a Problem
Impacts on human health & environment:
Pollutants can reach drinking water supplies
Water that took 2,000+ years to filter naturally can be
contaminated
Threatens long-term sustainability of clean water
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How to Protect:
Protection & Prevention
MONITOR PROTECT RESPONSIBILITY
Monitoring and mapping aquifer Protecting the clay layer Responsible industrial and land-
breaches from damage use practices
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In General:
How To Protect Ecosystems?
PLANT TREES CONSERVE WATER SAVE ENERGY
Trees provide oxygen, shelter Using water wisely prevents Turning off lights and using
wildlife, and help restore natural drought and keeps aquatic efficient appliances reduces
habitats. ecosystems healthy. emissions that harm ecosystems.
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THANK
YOU