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Class9 Sound Notes

The document covers key concepts related to sound, including reflection, laws of reflection, echo, reverberation, and sound classifications such as audible, inaudible, infrasound, and ultrasound. It explains how sound reflects off surfaces, the conditions for echo, and the persistence of sound in enclosed spaces. Additionally, it highlights various applications of ultrasound in fields like medicine and engineering.

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14 views2 pages

Class9 Sound Notes

The document covers key concepts related to sound, including reflection, laws of reflection, echo, reverberation, and sound classifications such as audible, inaudible, infrasound, and ultrasound. It explains how sound reflects off surfaces, the conditions for echo, and the persistence of sound in enclosed spaces. Additionally, it highlights various applications of ultrasound in fields like medicine and engineering.

Uploaded by

renugoyalstg
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Class 9 Science – Chapter: Sound Notes

1. Reflection of Sound
Reflection of sound means bouncing back of sound waves when they hit a surface. When sound
strikes a hard surface like a wall or mountain, it returns back to the listener. Hard and smooth
surfaces reflect sound better than soft surfaces.

Examples: Sound heard after shouting near mountains, use of reflection in megaphones and
auditoriums.

2. Laws of Reflection of Sound


Sound follows laws similar to light reflection.

Law 1: Angle of incidence equals angle of reflection.


Law 2: Incident sound, reflected sound, and the normal lie in the same plane.

Example: Sound reflected back when clapping near a wall.

3. Echo
An echo is the repetition of sound caused by reflection from a distant surface.

Condition for echo: Reflected sound must reach after at least 0.1 second. Distance between
listener and reflecting surface should be about 17 meters or more.

Examples: Echo heard in mountains and large empty halls; sonar works on echo principle.

4. Reverberation
Reverberation is persistence of sound caused by multiple reflections in an enclosed space. Sound
continues even after the source stops.

Example: Sound continues in big halls after speaking.


Control: Curtains, carpets and acoustic materials reduce reverberation.

5. Audible, Inaudible, Infrasound and Ultrasound


Audible Sound: Sound heard by humans. Range: 20 Hz to 20,000 Hz.

Inaudible Sound: Sound not heard by humans; includes infrasound and ultrasound.

Infrasound: Frequency less than 20 Hz. Produced during earthquakes; elephants communicate
using it.

Ultrasound: Frequency greater than 20,000 Hz. Produced by bats and dolphins.
6. Uses of Ultrasound
1. Medical imaging (Ultrasonography) to see internal organs and fetus.
2. Breaking kidney stones into smaller pieces.
3. Cleaning delicate machine parts and jewellery.
4. SONAR to measure sea depth and detect underwater objects.
5. Detecting cracks in metal blocks.

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